Why does calcium chloride weigh more when exposed to air?

Answer:

The correct answer is class I explosives.

Explanation:

An explosive refers to a chemical, which leads to a sudden, almost immediate discharge of gas, pressure, and heat when exposed to sudden pressure, shock, or high temperature. These are unstable substances and are primarily of two kinds.  

The type one comprises of substances possessing the tendency of undergoing supersonic reactions, like TNT and nitroglycerin. The other kind comprises substances, which burn briskly, however, at a subsonic rate. The examples are rocket propellants, gunpowder, and fireworks.  

Final answer:

The respiratory and renal systems are crucial in maintaining the acid-base balance of blood, by managing the levels of CO2 and bicarbonate, respectively.

Explanation:

The two body systems that contribute to the acid-base balance of blood are the respiratory system and the renal or excretory system. The primary blood buffer system is carbonic acid/hydrogen carbonate, which aids in maintaining the blood pH within a narrow range. The respiratory system regulates blood pH by exhaling carbon dioxide (CO2), while the renal system adjusts blood pH through the excretion of hydrogen ions (H+) and the conservation of bicarbonate (HCO3-). These two systems play a vital role in the acid-base homeostasis by removing excess acids or bases from the body.

Final answer:

Ions are created when neutral atoms either lose or gain electrons, forming cations and anions, respectively. The periodic table helps predict the charges of ions depending on their group, where alkali metals form +1 cations, alkaline earth metals form +2 cations, and halogens form -1 anions. The formation of ionic compounds involves the combination of these oppositely charged ions to achieve electrical neutrality.

Explanation:

Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons. When a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, it becomes a cation (a positive ion). Conversely, when it gains one or more electrons in its valence shell, it becomes an anion (a negative ion).

Charges of Ions and Ionic Compounds:

The periodic table can be a tool for predicting the charges of many ions based on their group. For instance, alkali metals form +1 ions, while alkaline earth metals form +2 ions. Halogens typically form -1 ions. Ionic compounds consist of these positive and negative ions in a ratio that balances their total charges, resulting in an electrically neutral compound.

Electron Configurations and Ion Charges:

It's important to note that ions only form through the movement of electrons, not protons. For elements within the same group on the periodic table, the number of valence electrons determines the common ion charge. Elements will either reach a stable electron configuration by losing or gaining electrons to form ions.

Final answer:

To find the mass of methanol, divide the number of molecules by Avogadro's number to get moles, then multiply by molar mass. The mass of 9.79 × 10²⁴ molecules of methanol is 520.64 grams.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of 9.79 × 10²⁴ molecules of methanol (CH₃OH), first, we need to determine how many moles of methanol there are. Since 1 mole of any substance contains 6.02 × 10²³ molecules (Avogadro's number), we can use this to find the number of moles:

Moles of methanol =
9.79 × 10²⁴ molecules / 6.02 × 10²³ molecules/mol

This calculation reveals that there are 16.27 moles of methanol. Next, we use the molar mass of methanol, which is 32.0 g/mol, to find the mass:

Mass of methanol = 16.27 moles × 32.0 g/mol = 520.64 grams. Therefore, 9.79 × 10²⁴ molecules of methanol have a mass of 520.64 grams.

Zinc has a molar mass of about 65.38 g/mol. So we calculate the number of moles first:

moles Zinc = 8.93 g / (65.38 g/mol) = 0.1366 mol

We can calculate for the number of atoms using Avogadros number.

atoms Zinc = 0.1366 mol * 6.022 x 10^23 atoms / mol

atoms Zinc = 8.23 x 10^22 atoms

The pKa of a weak acid can be determined using the equation: pKa = -log10(Ka). In this case, we are given that 99.4% of the weak acid remains intact, which means that only 0.6% has dissociated. Therefore, we can calculate the equilibrium concentration of HA by multiplying the initial concentration of HA by 0.006.

The pKa of a weak acid can be determined using the equation: pKa = -log10(Ka), where Ka is the acid dissociation constant. In this case, we are given that 99.4% of the weak acid remains intact, which means that only 0.6% has dissociated. Therefore, we can calculate the equilibrium concentration of HA by multiplying the initial concentration of HA by 0.006.

Since the [HA] is equal to the [HA]₀ * 0.006, we can use this calculated equilibrium concentration along with the given Ka value to find the pKa.

For example, let's assume the initial concentration of HA is 0.2 M. The equilibrium concentration of HA would be 0.2 M * 0.006 = 0.0012 M. Using the equation pKa = -log10(Ka), we can find the pKa value.

First let us get the molecular mass of the compound C2H5O.

C has molar mass of 12 amu, H is 1 amu, while O is 16 amu, therefore:

C2H5O = 12 amu * 2 + 1 amu * 5 + 16 amu = 45 amu

So to get 90 amu, simply double all the elements, therefore:

C4H10O2

Let us assume that the given formula of elements is empirical formula where elements have simplest whole number ratio

The empirical mass =  2 X atomic mass of carbon + 5 X atomic mass of hydrogen + at mass of O

The empirical mass = 2 X 12 + 5 + 16 = 45

The ratio of molecular mass and empirical mass = 90 / 45 = 2

Molecular formula is obtained by multiplying the empirical formula with this ratio / factor

molecular formula = 2 X (C2H5O) = C4H10O2

The solubility of carbon dioxide in water at 25 °C increases from 0.0351 m at 785 torr to approximately 0.0675 m at 1510 torr.

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is described by Henry's Law, which states that at a constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid.

Using this law, we can calculate the solubility of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in water at a different pressure while keeping the temperature constant at 25 °C.

At 785 torr, the solubility of CO₂ is 0.0351 m. According to Henry's Law, the solubility (S) can be calculated using the formula S₁/P₁ = S₂/P₂, where S₁ and S₂ are the solubilities at pressures P₁ and P₂, respectively.

If the pressure is increased to 1510 torr, we can find the new solubility (S₂) as follows:

S₂ = S₁ x (P₂/P₁)
= 0.0351 m x (1510 torr / 785 torr)
= 0.0351 m x (1510/785)
= 0.0351 m x 1.9235671
= 0.067533 m (approx)

The solubility of CO₂ at 25 °C and 1510 torr is approximately 0.0675 m.

In a 0.370 mol sample of [tex](NH_4)_2SO_4[/tex], there are 0.740 mol of [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] ions and 0.370 mol of [tex]SO_4^{2-}[/tex] ions.

To determine the number of ammonium ([tex]NH_4^+[/tex]) and sulfate ([tex]SO_4^{2-}[/tex]) ions in a 0.370 mol sample of [tex](NH_4)_2SO_4[/tex], we use the stoichiometry of the compound. Each unit of ammonium sulfate contains two ammonium ions and one sulfate ion.

We calculate the number of ions as follows:

The sample therefore contains 0.740 mol of [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] ions and 0.370 mol of [tex]SO_4^2^-[/tex] ions.

ATP is a modified nucleotide used for cellular energy that contains the ribose sugar.

Further explanation

Ribose

It is a sort of sugar that is created by the body. It is utilized as a medicine. Ribose is utilized by mouth to diminish chest torment and improve heart work in individuals with coronary course illness.

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

It is an instant energy source. It is called as the energy currency of the cell.  It is used as a coenzyme in many processes. ATP is synthesized during Krebs cycle and glycolysis. Mitochondria and chloroplast are involved in the production of ATP. ATP is involved in the active transport of molecules, in the processes like muscle contraction, protein synthesis and Calvin cycle. We synthesize 60 Kg of ATP per day. ATP is a large molecule but its energy lies in the terminal phosphate bond. ATP provides energy to cell by breaking its phosphate bond. By breaking one phosphate group ATP is converted to ADP molecule but it can be regenerated. ATP is also consumed by plants in the process of photosynthesis. Animals use ATP in the breakdown of carbohydrate and lipids. In fact, it is the principal molecule used in biochemical reactions.

Structure of ATP

ATP is composed of adenine which is a purine base, a ribose sugar and three phosphoric acid molecules. It also has ester linkage and high energy phosphate bond.

Phosphate bond is highly reactive bond but when it reacts with nucleoside, adenosine it becomes less reactive.  

Answer details

Subject: Chemistry

Level: College

Keywords

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Iki also known as Lugol's solution, is an indicator used to test for the presence of starch. Benedict's reagent is used to test for the presence of reducing sugars, such as glucose and fructose

Lugol's solution is a yellow-brown solution that turns blue-black in the presence of starch.

Benedict's reagent is a clear blue solution that changes color to green, yellow, orange, or red, depending on the amount of reducing sugar present. Benedict's test is commonly used in the laboratory to detect the presence of reducing sugars in various substances.

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First we assume that the compound containing only C,H,and O is combusted completely in the presence of excess oxygen, so that the only things that can be produced are water and carbon dioxide.

From there we should back calculate the amount of Hydrogen that is in the original sample by taking all of the hydrogen in the 0.239g to came from the organic compound.

And since we know that the original mass of the sample was .100g, we can also easily get a mass % H by taking the mass Hydrogen calculated over the total original mass (.100 g)

So that:

0.239g H2O / (18.01 g/mol) = .01327 moles H20

.01327 Moles H20 * 2.02g H (per every mole H2O) = .0268g H initially present in the sample

.0268g H / .100g sample = 26.8% H by mass

The mass percent of hydrogen in the 0.1 g sample of compound containing carbon–hydrogen–oxygen is 26.6%

We'll begin by calculating the mass of the hydrogen in the compound. This can be obtained as follow:

Molar mass of H₂O = (2×1) + 16 = 18 g/mol

Molar mass of H₂ = 2 × 1 = 2 g/mol

Mass H₂O produced = 0.239 g

Mass of H = [tex]\frac{2}{18} * 0.239[/tex]

Finally, we shall determine the mass percent of Hydrogen in the compound. This can be obtained as follow:

Mass of H = 0.0266 g

Mass of compound = 0.1

[tex]Percentage = \frac{mass}{mass of compound} * 100\\\\= \frac{0.0266}{0.1} * 100[/tex]

Thus, the mass percent of hydrogen in the sample is 26.6%

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Option A= 2

Atomic Number of Nickel (Ni) = 28

Electronic configuration is 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d8

By definition, the highest principle quantum number is the valence shell. In the case of Nickel, n = 4 is the highest QN and contains 2 electrons (max allowed) in the s-orbital.

Answer: The correct answer is Option D.

Explanation: Organic compounds are defined as the compounds which have hydrogen and carbon atoms in it. They are also known as hydrocarbons.

From the given options:

Option 1: [tex]Ca_3(PO_4)_2\text{ and }CO_2[/tex] are not organic compounds because these two compounds do not contain hydrogen element in it.

Option 2: [tex]CaCl_2\text{ and }CaCN_2[/tex] are not organic compounds because these two compounds do not contain hydrogen and carbon elements in it.

Option 3: [tex]CaSO_4[/tex] is not an organic compound because this compound do not contain hydrogen and carbon elements in it.

Option 4: All the compounds contain hydrogen and carbon elements in it and hence, all the compounds are organic compounds.

Therefore, the correct option is Option D.

Final answer:

Thallium, being the heaviest member of Group 13, will have the largest number of electron shells, which makes its atomic radius the largest of the group.

Explanation:

The element in Group 3A (13) with the largest atomic size is thallium, which has the symbol Tl. Atomic size generally increases from top to bottom within a group on the periodic table due to the addition of electron shells.

Thallium, being the heaviest member of Group 13, will have the largest number of electron shells, which makes its atomic radius the largest of the group.

The element with the largest atomic size in Group 3A (13) is thallium (Tl), as atomic size increases down a group.

Answer:

Explanation:

Acetaldehyde is a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent and suffocating smell. It is produced as a result of the oxidation of ethyl alcohol to acid or acetic fermentation. Its formula is: CH3CHO formula.

Acetaldehyde occurs naturally in alcoholic beverages. In excess, however, it resembles the smell and taste of an immature green apple.

Fermentation is a process that degrades molecules to transform them into other simpler molecules.

The most frequent causes for which the impurity of acetaldehyde can be generated in fermentation:

Ans: 7.50% of P

Given:

Mass of NPK sample = 100 g

Mass of P in sample = 7.5 g

To determine:

The % P in the given sample

Explanation:

The percent of a particular substance (say,X) in a given total amount (M) is generally expressed as:

% X = [Mass of X/Total mass]*100

In this case:

%P = [mass of P/mass of NPK sample]*100

    = [7.5/100]*100 = 7.5%