What is the significance of the word universal in Newton's law of universal gravitation

The answer would be less luminous, cooler, smaller, and less massive.

A main-sequence star with a long lifetime is typically characterized by lower mass, cooler temperature and less luminosity, compared to a star with a short lifetime. They consume their nuclear fuel at a slower rate, allowing them to have a longer lifespan in the main-sequence phase, such as red dwarfs.

Compared to a main-sequence star with a short lifetime, a main-sequence star with a long lifetime is typically less massive, cooler, and emits less light. The lifetime of a star is directly related to its mass. Stars with larger mass burn through their nuclear fuel at a quicker rate, leading to a shorter main-sequence lifetime. Conversely, stars with smaller mass, such as red dwarfs, consume their fuel more slowly and thus have longer main-sequence lifetimes.

For example, the Sun, a moderate mass star, is expected to remain in the main-sequence stage for about 10 billion (10¹0) years. This is much longer than a more massive star, like a blue giant, which might only last a few million years in the main sequence stage.

However, less massive stars, commonly known as red dwarfs, with masses less than half that of the Sun, can have main sequence lifetimes that stretch into the trillions of years, due to their efficient use of nuclear fuel.

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The answer would be that the process to protect the underground pipelines and storage tanks is cathodic protection.

Answer:

0.32 s

Explanation:

Initial angular speed: [tex]\omega_i = 1.50 \cdot 10^4 rad/s[/tex]

Final angular speed: [tex]\omega_f = 3.35\cdot 10^4 rad/s[/tex]

Angular rotation: [tex]\theta=2.02\cdot 10^4 rad[/tex]

The angular acceleration of the drill can be found by using the equation:

[tex]\omega_f^2 - \omega_i^2 = 2 \alpha \theta[/tex]

Re-arranging it, we find [tex]\alpha[/tex], the angular acceleration:

[tex]\alpha = \frac{\omega_f^2 - \omega_i^2}{2\theta}=\frac{(3.35\cdot 10^4 rad/s)^2-(1.50\cdot 10^4 rad/s)^2}{2(2.02\cdot 10^4 rad)}=22,209 rad/s^2[/tex]

Now we want to know the time t the drill takes to accelerate from

[tex]\omega_i =0[/tex]

to

[tex]\omega_f = 6.90\cdot 10^4 rad/s[/tex]

This can be found by using the equation

[tex]\omega_f = \omega_i + \alpha t[/tex]

where [tex]\alpha[/tex] is the angular acceleration we found previously. Solving for t,

[tex]t=\frac{\omega_f - \omega_i}{\alpha}=\frac{22,209 rad/s^2}{6.90\cdot 10^4 rad/s}=0.32 s[/tex]

If no other forces act on the object, according to Newton’s first law, the spacecraft will continue moving at a constant velocity, assuming that a planet or something with large mass doesn’t cross its path. Forces are not required to continue the motion of an object on a frictionless plane at a constant rate.

If no other forces ever act on the spacecraft, it will continue moving at 32,500 mi/h in the same direction, because forces are not required for an object to continue its motion.

The spacecraft will  eventually curve away from a straight line, and its speed will change, as it comes within the gravitational influence of one or more of the objects out there in the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud.

Answer:

On the wavelength

Explanation:

Visible light is just a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, which classifies all the electromagnetic waves from shortest wavelength (gamma rays) to longest wavelength (radio waves).

Visible light refers to the part of the spectrum which has wavelength between 380 nm and 750 nm. These are the only electromagnetic wave that our eyes can see, and depending on their wavelength, they appear as a different color. In particular, each color corresponds to a different range of wavelengths:

Violet: 380-450 nm

Blue: 450-495 nm

Green: 495-570 nm

Yellow: 570-590 nm

Orange: 590-620 nm

Red: 620-750 nm

Color perception relies on the wavelength of light, as each wavelength corresponds to a particular color. A white object reflects all visible wavelengths, while a black object absorbs them all. The perceived color of an object depends on which wavelengths its atoms absorb and reflect.

The color of an object or light depends greatly on the characteristic of light known as wavelength. Wavelength defines the energy of a photon in the visual spectrum, and each wavelength corresponds to a specific color.

Let's take a white object as an example: when it is illuminated by white light, which comprises all visible wavelengths, it appears white as well. This is because it reflects all visible wavelengths equally. On the contrary, a black object absorbs all light and doesn't reflect any, which is why it appears black to our eyes.

Also characteristic is how the atoms of a material interact with different light wavelengths. For instance, a simple red object like a tomato absorbs all wavelengths except red - the energy levels in its atoms correspond to all visible photons except red, which is reflected back to our eyes leading to its color perception.

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0.4823 m/s

The initial velocity u1 of the ball=0

From the law of conservation of linear momentum.

m1u1+m2u2=m1v1+m2v2

(160×0)+(170×u1)=(160×0.3)+(170×0.2)

u1=0.4823m/s

The speed of the cue ball before the collision is approximately 0.5319 m/s.

Before the collision, we can use conservation of momentum to find the speed of the cue ball. In an isolated system, the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.

Let's denote the initial velocity of the cue ball as v1 and the initial velocity of the 8 ball as v2. The momentum before the collision is given by:

(mass of cue ball) x (velocity of cue ball) + (mass of 8 ball) x (velocity of 8 ball)

The total momentum after the collision is:

(mass of cue ball + mass of 8 ball) x (velocity of cue ball + velocity of 8 ball)

Using the given values, we know that the cue ball and 8 ball move with speeds of 0.2 m/s and 0.3 m/s, respectively, after the collision. Plugging these values into the equations, we can solve for v1 to find the speed of the cue ball before the collision.

The speed of the cue ball before the collision is approximately 0.5319 m/s.

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Final answer:

Using the thin-lens equation, the focal length of the lens is found to be -28.8 cm, indicating that the lens is a diverging lens. The magnification of the lens is -2.25, and because the initial height of the object is 8.00 mm, the image height is -18.0 mm, indicating that the image is inverted.

Explanation:

To find the focal length of the lens, we use the thin-lens equation:

1/f = 1/do + 1/di, where f is the focal length, do is the object distance, and di is the image distance. Given that do = -16.0 cm (negative because the object is to the left of the lens) and di = 36.0 cm (positive because the image is to the right of the lens), we can solve for f:

1/f = -1/16.0 cm + 1/36.0 cm

1/f = (-2.25 + 1)/36.0 cm

1/f = -1.25/36.0 cm

1/f = -0.0347 cm-1

Therefore, f = -28.8 cm.

The negative value of the focal length indicates that the lens is a diverging lens.

For Part C, the magnification (m) is given by the ratio of the image distance to the object distance: m = di/do = 36.0 cm / (-16.0 cm) = -2.25. Since the object height is 8.00 mm, the image height is magnified by 2.25 times, making the image height -18.0 mm (negative indicates an inverted image).

Finally, because the image height came out negative, we conclude the image is inverted.

Final answer:

The lens has a focal length of -28.8 cm, indicating it is a diverging lens. The image formed is erect and 18.00 mm tall, which is 2.25 times the height of the 8.00 mm object.

Explanation:

To find the focal length of the lens, we use the lens formula 1/f = 1/do + 1/di, where f is the focal length, do is the object distance, and di is the image distance. Given that do = -16.0 cm (negative because the object is on the same side as the light is coming from) and di = 36.0 cm (positive because the image is formed on the opposite side of the light source), we can calculate the focal length as follows:

1/f = -1/16.0 cm + 1/36.0 cm = -0.0625 cm-1 + 0.0278 cm-1 = -0.0347 cm-1

Thus, f = -1/0.0347 cm-1 ≈ -28.8 cm.

Since the focal length is negative, the lens is a diverging lens.

For part C, the magnification m can be found using the equation m = -di/do. Substituting the given distances, m = -36.0 cm / (-16.0 cm) = 2.25. So, the image is 2.25 times the height of the object. If the object is 8.00 mm tall, the image will be 8.00 mm * 2.25 = 18.00 mm tall.

Since the magnification is positive, the image is erect.

The modern theory of antimatter began in 1928, with a paper by Paul Dirac.

Answer:

the net force applied to the car is zero.

Explanation:

According to Newton's second law, the acceleration of an object (a) is directly proportional to the net force applied (F):

[tex]a=\frac{F}{m}[/tex]

where m is the object's mass.

In this problem, the car is moving with constant velocity: this means that the acceleration is zero, a = 0. Therefore, according to the previous equation, the net force must also be zero: F = 0. So, the correct answer is

the net force applied to the car is zero.

First of all, we need to write the First Law of thermodynamics assigning the correct sign convention:

[tex]\Delta U = Q+W[/tex]

where

[tex]\Delta U[/tex] is the change in internal energy of the system

Q is the heat absorbed/released

W is the work done

and the signs are assigned based on whether there is an increase in the internal energy or not. Therefore:

Q is positive if it is absorbed by the system (because internal energy increases)

Q is negative if it is released by the system (because internal energy decreases)

W is negative if it is done by the system on the surrounding (because internal energy decreases)

W is positive if it is done by the surrounding on the system (because internal energy increases)

Using these definitions, we can now fill the text of the question:

When a system is heated, heat is ABSORBED by the system. The amount of heat added is given a POSITIVE sign. When a system is cooled, heat is RELEASED by the system. The amount of heat is given a NEGATIVE sign. If a gas expands, it must push the surrounding atmosphere away. Thus, work is done BY the system and is given a NEGATIVE sign. If a gas is compressed, then work is done ON the system. This work is given a POSITIVE sign.

Answer:

When a system is heated, heat is ABSORBED by the system. The amount of heat added is given a POSITIVE sign. When a system is cooled, heat is RELEASED by the system. The amount of heat is given a NEGATIVE sign. If a gas expands, it must push the surrounding atmosphere away. Thus, work is done BY the system and is given a NEGATIVE sign. If a gas is compressed, then work is done ON the system. This work is given a POSITIVE sign.

Explanation:

Answer:

it is bigger than, a higher temperature , and 11,000

Explanation:

Rigel is a star with a surface temperature of about 12,100 Kelvin, yielding a blue-white color due to its high surface temperature.

The surface temperature of Rigel, a supergiant star, is approximately 12,100 Kelvin. This temperature contributes to Rigel's blue-white color, as higher surface temperatures in stars result in shorter wavelength light, which falls towards the blue end of the color spectrum.

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C 82.4 N sorry man if i am wrong but don't even think about reporting my answer

Final answer:

The minimum force needed to start a 12.0 kg steel block moving, with a coefficient of static friction of 0.70, is slightly greater than 82.32 N. The closest given option is 82.4 N (Option C).

Explanation:

To find the minimum force needed to start the 12.0 kg Steel block moving on a surface with a coefficient of static friction of 0.70, we need to calculate the force of friction that must be overcome. This force of friction is given by Fs = μs * N, where Fs is the static friction force, μs is the coefficient of static friction, and N is the normal force. The normal force is equal to the weight of the block, which is the mass of the block times the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²).

First, calculate the normal force:

N = mass * gravity = 12.0 kg * 9.8 m/s² = 117.6 N

Next, calculate the force of static friction:

Fs = μs * N = 0.70 * 117.6 N = 82.32 N

Therefore, the minimum force needed to start the block moving is slightly greater than 82.32 N. Out of the given options, the closest value is 82.4 N (Option C).

Answer:

It moves along straight lines in air and changes direction when it enters water.

Explanation:

When light travels from one medium to another, it undergoes a phenomenon called refraction: the ray of light changes speed and also direction, but it continues to move in a straight line.

There is a relationship between the direction of the incident ray and the direction of the refracted ray: (Snell's Law)

[tex]n_1 sin \theta_1 = n_2 sin \theta_2[/tex]

where

n1 is the index of refraction of the first medium

[tex]\theta_1[/tex] is the angle that the incident ray forms with the normal to the surface

n2 is the index of refraction of the second medium

[tex]\theta_2[/tex] is the angle that the refracted ray forms with the normal to the surface

Answer:

A: It moves along straight lines in air and changes direction when it enters water.  

Explanation:

The closer the planet is to the sun's gravitational pull, the planet will move faster because it takes less time to orbit the sun. The planets that are farther away have less gravitational pull, which means they will move slower and take more time to orbit the sun.

Using our understanding of orbits, objects in lower, near-in orbits move slower than objects in higher, far-out orbits.

Here's a set of examples:

International Space Station ...

Orbital height -- 254 miles

Speed in Orbit -- 76 mi/sec

Geostationary TV satellite ...

Orbital height -- 22,200 miles

Speed in orbit -- about 1.9 mi/sec

Moon ...

Orbital height -- 238,000 miles

Speed in orbit -- about 0.6 mi/sec

Answer:

Because their light is red-shifted

Explanation:

Doppler effect is a phenomenon that occurs when the source of a wave is moving relative to an observed. In particular, two situations are possible:

- The wave source is moving towards the observer --> in this case, the frequency of the waves appear to be higher than the original one; as a consequence, the wavelength of the waves appears to be shorter

- The wave source is moving away from the observer --> in this case, the frequency of the waves appear to be lower than the original one; as a consequence, the wavelength of the waves appears to be longer

This phenomenon occurs also for light waves. In particular, the light coming from distance galaxies undergoes Doppler effect as well, since those galaxies are moving relative to us. We have again two possible situations:

- The galaxy is moving towards the Earth --> in this case, the frequency of the light appear to be higher than the original one; as a consequence, the wavelength of the light emitted appears shorter (so, it shifts towards the blue color --> this is known as blue-shift)

- The galaxy is moving away from the Earth --> in this case, the frequency of the light emitted appears to be lower than the original one; as a consequence, the wavelength of the light appears to be longer (so, it shifts towards the red color --> this is known as red-shift)

Since the Universe is expanding, almost all galaxies are moving away from us: therefore, we notice a red-shift for the light coming from nearly all of them, and this is how we know they are moving away from us.

Answer:

3 V

Explanation:

The relationship between capacity (C), charge stored (Q) and potential difference across a capacitor (V) is

[tex]C=\frac{Q}{V}[/tex] (1)

The problem asks us to find the emf of the battery several seconds after the switch has been closed: this means that the capacitor had enough time to fully charge, so the potential difference across the capacitor (V) is equal to the emf of the battery.

Since we have:

[tex]C=10 \mu F=10\cdot 10^{-6} F[/tex]

[tex]Q=30 \mu C=30\cdot 10^{-6} C[/tex]

We can solve the equation for V, and we find

[tex]V=\frac{Q}{C}=\frac{30 \cdot 10^{-6}C}{10 \cdot 10^{-6} F}=3 V[/tex]

A switch that connects a battery to a 10 µF capacitor is closed for several seconds and the capacitor plates are charged to 30 µC then the voltage across the capacitor will be 3 V.

The emf of the battery will be equal to the voltage across the capacitor which is 3 V.

The EMF or electromotive force can be defined as the energy supplied by a battery or a cell per coulomb (Q) of charge passing through it. The magnitude of emf is equal to V (potential difference) across the cell terminals when there is no current flowing through the circuit.

Hence the emf of the battery will be equal to the voltage across the capacitor.

The voltage across a capacitor can be calculated as given below.

[tex]V = \dfrac {Q}{C}[/tex]

Where Q is the amount of charge stored on each plate and C is the capacitance.

[tex]V = \dfrac { 30 }{10}[/tex]

[tex]V = 3\;\rm V[/tex]

Hence we can conclude that the emf of the battery is 3 V.

To know more about the emf and voltage, follow the link given below.

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Hi, the answer is C. (chemical potential energy)

A) 89.5 m

The wavelength of a wave is given by:

[tex]\lambda=\frac{v}{f}[/tex]

where v is the wave speed and f the frequency. For the sound emitted by the whales,

[tex]f=17.0 Hz[/tex]

[tex]v=1521 m/s[/tex]

Therefore, the wavelength is

[tex]\lambda=\frac{1521 m/s}{17.0 Hz}=89.5 m[/tex]

B) 101.4 kHz

The speed of the sound emitted by the dolphins in the water is still

v = 1521 m/s

While the wavelength is

[tex]\lambda=1.50 cm=0.015 m[/tex]

So, re-arranging the previous equation we find the frequency:

[tex]f=\frac{v}{\lambda}=\frac{1521 m/s}{0.015 m}=101,400 Hz=101.4 kHz[/tex]

C) 1.31 cm

The frequency of the dog whistle is

f = 26.0 kHz = 26,000 Hz

While the speed of sound in air is

v = 340 m/s

Therefore, the wavelength is

[tex]\lambda=\frac{v}{f}=\frac{340 m/s}{26,000 Hz}=0.0131 m=1.31 cm[/tex]

D) 4.4 - 8.7 mm

The speed of the sound waves emitted by the bats in air is

v = 340 m/s

The minimum frequency is

f = 39.0 kHz = 39,000 Hz

So the corresponding wavelength is

[tex]\lambda=\frac{v}{f}=\frac{340 m/s}{39,000 Hz}=0.0087 m=8.7 mm[/tex]

The maximum frequency is

f = 78.0 kHz = 78,000 Hz

So the corresponding wavelength is

[tex]\lambda=\frac{v}{f}=\frac{340 m/s}{78,000 Hz}=0.0044 m=4.4 mm[/tex]

E) 6.2 MHz

The wavelength of the sound must be 1/4 the size of the tumor, so

[tex]\lambda=\frac{1}{4}(1.00 mm)=0.25 mm=2.5\cdot 10^{-4}m[/tex]

while the speed of sound across the tissue is

v = 1550 m/s

So the frequency must be

[tex]f=\frac{v}{\lambda}=\frac{1550 m/s}{2.5\cdot 10^{-4} m}=6.2\cdot 10^6 Hz=6.2 MHz[/tex]

Answer:

294.4 N

Explanation:

Since the hose obeys Hooke's law, the force it exerts on the balloon in the pouch is given by:

[tex]F=kx[/tex]

where

k is the spring constant

x is the stretching

In this problem,

k = 92.0 N/m

x = 3.20 m

Therefore, the force exerted is

[tex]F=(92.0 N/m)(3.20 m)=294.4 N[/tex]

1) Average velocity: 19 mi/h

The average velocity is given by:

[tex]v=\frac{d}{t}[/tex]

where

d is the displacement

t is the time taken

In this problem,

d = 3.8 mi is the displacement

[tex]t=12 min \cdot \frac{1}{60 min/h}=0.2 h[/tex] is the time taken

Substituting,

[tex]v=\frac{3.8 mi}{0.2 h}=19 mi/h[/tex]

Note that this is actually the average speed, not the average velocity, since there is no information about the direction of the motion.

2) [tex]10,309 mi/h^2[/tex]

The acceleration is given by

[tex]a=\frac{v-u}{t}[/tex]

where we have

v = 28 mph is the final velocity

u = 18 mph is the initial velocity

t = 3.5 s is the time taken

Conerting the time from seconds to hours,

[tex]t=3.5 s \cdot \frac{1}{3600 s/h}=9.7\cdot 10^{-4} h[/tex]

So the acceleration is

[tex]a=\frac{28 mph-18 mph}{9.7\cdot 10^{-4} h}=10,309 mi/h^2[/tex]

(a) -1.208 m

The position of the particle at time t is given by

[tex]x(t) = x_0 + v_0 t + \frac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]

where:

[tex]x_0 = 0.250 m[/tex] is the initial position

[tex]v_0 = 0.050 m/s[/tex] is the initial velocity

[tex]a=-0.240 m/s^2[/tex] is the acceleration

Substituting into the equation t=3.70 s, we find the position after 3.70 seconds:

[tex]x(3.70 s) = 0.250 m + (0.050 m/s)(3.70 s) + \frac{1}{2}(-0.240 m/s^2)(3.70 s)^2=-1.208 m[/tex]

(b) -0.838 m/s

The velocity of the particle at time t is given by:

[tex]v(t) = v_0 + at[/tex]

where

[tex]v_0 = 0.050 m/s[/tex] is the initial velocity

[tex]a=-0.240 m/s^2[/tex] is the acceleration

Substituting t = 3.70 s, we find the velocity after 3.70 seconds:

[tex]v(3.70 s) = 0.050 m/s + (-0.240 m/s^2)(3.70 s)=-0.838 m/s[/tex]

Answer:

Brain signals are converted

Answer:

240 H

Explanation:

The energy stored in an inductor is given by:

[tex]E=\frac{1}{2}LI^2[/tex]

where

L is the inductance of the inductor

I is the current

In this problem, we know:

[tex]I=300 A[/tex] is the current in the inductor

[tex]E=3.0 kWh = 3000 Wh[/tex] is the energy stored. We need to convert it into Joules:

[tex]E=3000 Wh=3000 Wh \cdot (3600 s/h)=1.08\cdot 10^7 J[/tex]

So, we can now solve the equation to find L, the inductance:

[tex]L=\frac{2E}{I^2}=\frac{2(1.08\cdot 10^7 J)}{(300 A)^2}=240 H[/tex]

The inductance needed to store 3.0 kWh of energy in a coil carrying a current of 300A is 240H.

The energy stored in an inductor is given by the equation Eind = 1/2LI². To find the inductance need to store a specific amount of energy, we can rearrange this equation to solve for L (inductance): L = 2E/I². First, we must convert the energy from kilowatt-hours to a compatible SI unit which is joules: E = 3.0 kWh * 3600000 (conversion factor) = 10800,0000J. Substituting in the given values, L = (2 * 10800000) / (300²), it becomes L = 240H. Hence, the inductance needed to store 3.0 kWh of energy in a coil carrying a current of 300A is 240H.

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In motion because of convection currents in the mantle.

Answer:

[tex]1.33\Omega[/tex]

Explanation:

The equivalent resistance of three resistors connected in parallel is given by:

[tex]\frac{1}{R_T} = \frac{1}{R_1}+\frac{1}{R_2}+\frac{1}{R_3}[/tex]

where in this problem we have

[tex]R_1 = 4.0\Omega[/tex]

[tex]R_2 = 3.0 \Omega[/tex]

[tex]R_3 = 6.0 \Omega[/tex]

Substituting into the equation, we find

[tex]\frac{1}{R_T} = \frac{1}{4.0\Omega}+\frac{1}{3.0\Omega}+\frac{1}{6.0\Omega}=0.75\Omega^{-1}[/tex]

And so, the equivalent resistance is

[tex]R_T=\frac{1}{0.75 \Omega^{-1}}=1.33\Omega[/tex]

The radiation of the sun's electromagnetic waves

Answer:

the radiation

Explanation:

the answer would be B. the back emf increases, and the current drawn from the socket increases

more current is needed to make the motor move, like when you try to self crank a motor and the back wires are touching its harder to crank. and the emf increases since more current is being drawn in, strengthening the emf or increasing the emf

= 356.2 m/s

The speed of the wave is dependent on temperature of the medium;

The equation to use will be;

Speed = 331 + 0.6 T ; where T is the temperature in degrees Celsius.

T = 42 °C

Therefore;

speed = 331 + 0.6 × 42

           = 356.2 m/s

25 is the correct answer

The brain is fully developed at the age of 25