To nullify means to make something valid

True

False

Pedro I's refusal to return to Portugal on the orders of the Portuguese Cortes in 1822 precipitated Brazil's declaration of independence. Supported by elites and figures like Thomas Cochrane, Brazil fought for and gained its independence, establishing a constitutional monarchy.

The event that precipitated the declaration of Brazil's independence was the refusal of Pedro I to obey the Portuguese Cortes's order to return to Portugal in 1822. After the invasion of Portugal by France in 1807, the Portuguese royal family relocated to Brazil, and Rio de Janeiro became the base for the government in exile. When João VI left Brazil to return to Portugal in 1821, he left his son Pedro I in charge, who became a key figure in Brazil's independence movement. Pedro's declaration of independence came after significant conflict with the Portuguese Cortes, which sought to regain control over Brazil and reduce it to its previous colonial status. With the support of the local Brazilian elites and external figures like Admiral Thomas Cochrane, Brazil fought against Portuguese forces to secure its independence, ultimately leading to the establishment of the Kingdom of Brazil as a constitutional monarchy under Pedro I.

The Great Wall of China was built to provide protection against invasions including those from the Huns. Constructed over many centuries by different dynasties, they were significant architectural and engineering feats. However, they weren't entirely successful in preventing all invasions.

The walls built to keep out the Huns are typically associated with the Great Wall of China. While multiple walls were built over centuries, the primary purpose was to provide protection against invasions by various nomadic tribes, including the Huns.

Constructed by different Chinese dynasties using stone, tamped earth, wood, and other materials, these walls were significant feats of architecture and engineering, and played crucial roles in defending territorial borders.

The most well-known parts of the wall were built by the Ming Dynasty (14th-17th centuries), well after the time of the Huns. But the earlier walls, constructed by the Qin, Han, and other dynasties, were aimed at deterring invasions by the Huns and other nomadic groups.

It's important to note that while these walls reduced invasions, they were not entirely successful in keeping out all invaders, including the Huns.

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The effect of exotic goods from the East appearing in European marketplaces was Europeans seeking an all-water oceanic route to South and East Asia, which in turn ushered in the Age of Exploration.

Considering the cause detailed in the question, that exotic goods from the east appeared in European marketplaces, the correct effect is that Europeans began to seek an all-water, oceanic route to South and East Asia. This is seen in the historical context where European merchants and states sought different, more direct, and less costly routes to acquire desired commodities such as silk, spices, and tea, leading to the advent of the Age of Exploration. The need for a sea route was compelled further by the end of the Pax Mongolica, which increased the cost and danger of overland routes, and by challenges like the taxing by Ottoman and Mamluk leaders, which made overland trade significantly more expensive and thus less viable.

Answer: 4. A person becoming a naturalized U.S. citizen who is taking the Oath of Allegiance.

Explanation:

In 1790 came the first naturalization law, by wich applicants had to take an oath to defend the Constitution of the United States. It was only in 1929 that an official standarized oath of allegiance was established. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, which included the piece about doing work of national interest following civilian command, was the last significant modification to the oath we know today

Answer:

The Calvinist Protestants of France

Explanation:

The Edict of Nantes was signed by King Henry IV in 1598, granting French Protestants rights in a Catholic Nation, thus allowing them to own lands and titles. In 1865 Louis XIV revoked the Edict and declared Protestantism illegal, thus starting persecution of protestants in France.

Answer:

Russia was apart of the Triple Entente; along with France & Great Britain,

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Answer:

Calvin Goddard

Explanation:

The Valentine's massacre was a massacre allegedly ordered by Al Capone against five members of the “North Side Gang” band (Dr. North Side Gang) plus Dr. Reinhardt H. Schwimmer in Chicago on Valentine's Day (February 14) 1929. Within these facts, Calvin Goddard was responsible for the scientific investigation of the crimes, this scientist identified the bullets and weapons used in the murders.

Government is a system that organizes and directs the community by allocating authority to achieve collective goals, provide societal benefits like education and healthcare, and maintain order. It consists of various institutions, including legislature, executive, and judiciary, each with specific roles in policy-making, execution, and legal interpretation.

Government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, often a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is the means by which a society organizes itself and allocates authority to accomplish collective goals and provide benefits that the society as a whole needs.

Historically, governments across the globe have been tasked with a variety of responsibilities, ranging from ensuring economic prosperity to securing national borders and providing safety and well-being for its citizens. Among the services that a government typically provides are education, healthcare, and the infrastructure necessary for transportation and commerce. The process by which control is gained and exercised within a government for the setting and achieving of particular goals, such as the distribution of resources, is known as politics.

Moreover, government refers to the collection of institutions, such as legislatures, courts, and bureaucratic offices recognized as having the authority to make decisions for the collective society. Institutions like civil marriage or corporations also fall under the government's purview, where rules and practices are established for their operation. In this sense, people create governments and give them the authority through rules, laws, or sometimes written constitutions, to regulate various aspects of their lives.

Final answer:

Credit card debt and consumer credit contributed to the Great Depression by creating a fragile economy that could not withstand the strain of defaults and reduced consumer spending, leading to store closures, job losses, and a manufacturing downturn.

Explanation:

The Great Depression was precipitated by a myriad of factors, including the practice of purchasing consumer goods on credit. During the 1920s, a culture of consumerism emerged as mass production made goods more accessible, and credit allowed Americans to buy now and pay later. However, when the economic downturn struck, many households were unable to fulfill their credit obligations, leading to a chain reaction of store closures, job losses, and further economic decline. This credit crunch compounded with issues of overproduction, underconsumption, and unequal wealth distribution, accelerating the economy's collapse. As demand for consumer goods fell, the industrial production that had been so pivotal to '20s prosperity could not be maintained, exacerbating the contraction.

Additionally, rampant speculation and the leveraging of stock purchases through margin buying created a stock market bubble. When this bubble burst, it triggered a sharp decline in economic confidence and further credit tightening, reinforcing the downturn. The subsequent bank runs and financial institution failures erased savings and credit lines, plunging the nation into deeper economic woe. High-risk financial practices like subprime mortgages and overleveraging signaled systemic weaknesses that were only revealed when the economy turned. Thus, credit card debt and associated financial practices were central to the onset and deepening of the Great Depression.

Answer:

englishmen

i got it right on the test

Explanation:

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The Constitution ensures a balance between state and federal governance by allowing state powers. This flexibility has allowed for the evolution of federalism over time. However, the Supremacy Clause in the Constitution asserts the federal government's supremacy in cases of conflict.

The Constitution guarantees some powers to state governments in order to ensure a balance between centralized and decentralized governance. This allows states to retain a degree of sovereignty. The Tenth Amendment explicitly affirms these powers: "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." This amendment provides assurance to the states that the national government's powers would be restricted.

The arrangement allows states and federal governments to adapt within the Constitution's federal design. This has led to changes in the structure of federalism over time, corresponding to various historical phases of distinct balance between state and federal authority.

Even so, the Supremacy Clause in Article VI of the Constitution declares that the Constitution, laws passed by Congress, and treaties made by the federal government are "the supreme Law of the Land", asserting the national government's supremacy over states in case of conflict.

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