Which of these organelles produces h2o2 as a by-product?
Peroxisomes, an organelle found in both animal and plant cells, produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a by-product during detoxification and metabolic processes. They also safely break down H2O2 into water and oxygen, shielding the rest of the cell from this compound's potential toxicity.
Explanation:The organelle that produces H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) as a by-product is the peroxisome. Peroxisomes are small, round organelles enclosed by single membranes. They perform oxidation reactions that break down fatty acids and amino acids, and also detoxify many poisons that may enter the body. During these oxidation reactions, they release H2O2, which can damage cells. However, these reactions are confined to peroxisomes, where enzymes safely break down the H2O2 into oxygen and water. This makes peroxisomes crucial for neutralizing harmful toxins in cells.
For example, alcohol is detoxified by peroxisomes in liver cells. Glyoxysomes, which are specialized peroxisomes in plants, play a role in converting stored fats into sugars. Therefore, peroxisomes fulfill numerous crucial roles in both animal and plant cells which includes producing and then safely breaking down H2O2.
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The peroxisome is the organelle that produces H2O2 as a by-product during oxidation reactions and detoxification processes, but contains enzymes to convert it into harmless substances.
The organelle in question that produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a by-product is the peroxisome. Peroxisomes perform a variety of metabolic processes, primarily oxidizing fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances. The toxic by-product of these reactions is H2O2, which peroxisomes contain within themselves to prevent cellular damage. Enzymes such as catalase within peroxisomes convert H2O2 into water and oxygen, mitigating the potentially harmful effects of hydrogen peroxide on the cell.
Three treatments of different starting materials are listed. Which statement explains the treatments? Substance 1 was activated by a decrease in temperature, Substance 2 was activated by the change in concentration, and Substance 3 decreased the surface area. Substance 1 was activated by a decrease in temperature, Substance 2 was activated by the change in pressure, and Substance 3 increased the surface area. Substance 1 was activated by the heat and inactivated by ice, Substance 2 was activated by the change in pressure, and Substance 3 decreased the surface area. Substance 1 was activated by the heat and inactivated by ice, Substance 2 was activated by the change in concentration, and Substance 3 increased the surface area.
The treatment is explained by temperature in the first substance, concentration in substance 2, and surface area in substance 3. Thus, option D is accurate.
What are the factors of reaction rate?The rate of the reactions is concerned with the temperature concentration, surface area, etc. Their involvement increases and decreases the reaction rate of the substance present in the reaction mixture.
An increase in temperature by heat increases rate, and ice decreases temperature hence decreasing rate. The second substance starts with an increase in the concentration and the third by increasing surface area.
Therefore, option D. is the treatment for the substances.
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fourth period metalliod a very semiconductor material
Fill in the coefficients that will balance the following reaction: a0Na + a1H2O → a2NaOH + a3H2
Answer : The balanced chemical reaction will be,
[tex]2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow 2NaOH+H_2[/tex]
Explanation :
Balanced chemical reaction : It is defined as the number of atoms of individual elements present on reactant side must be equal to the product side.
The given unbalanced chemical reaction is,
[tex]a_0Na+a_1H_2O\rightarrow a_2NaOH+a_3H_2[/tex]
This chemical reaction is an unbalanced reaction because in this reaction, the number of atoms of hydrogen are not balanced while all the atoms are balanced.
In order to balanced the chemical reaction, the coefficient 2 is put before the [tex]Na,H_2O\text{ and }NaOH[/tex]
Thus, the balanced chemical reaction will be,
[tex]2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow 2NaOH+H_2[/tex]
Explain the importance of carbohydrates and lipids in the human body. Include a discussion of at least two functions of carbohydrates and the roles of two groups of lipids.
Did your response contain the following points? You may have discussed additional points that are not listed here.
Both carbohydrate and fat molecules release energy when cells break them down.
Many carbohydrates contain fiber, which the body cannot break down but which can help the digestive system function.
Sterols are important lipids that cells can convert into compounds the body needs, such as vitamins, some hormones, and bile salts.
Phospholipids are important structural components of cells.
Consider the hypothetical atom x. if the molecular formula for lithium carbonate is li2co3 and the formula of x chloride is xcl3. what is the molecular formula for x carbonate?
The atom 'x' has valency 3 based on xCl3 formula. The carbonate ion has a charge of -2. Hence, to balance the charges, the formula for 'x' carbonate should be X2(CO3)3.
Explanation:The hypothetical atom is represented as 'x'. The formula provided, xCl3, indicates that there are three chloride ions for every atom of 'x'. This suggests that the valency of 'x' is 3. Assuming that 'x' is a metal, when it forms a carbonate, it will combine with the carbonate ion (CO3) which has a charge of -2.
As 'x' has a valency of 3 and carbonate has a charge of -2, to balance the charges the formula for 'x' carbonate would be X2(CO3)3. This formula implies there are two atoms of 'x' for every three carbonate ions in the compound. Therefore, the molecular formula for 'x' carbonate is X2(CO3)3.
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Is smelting a chemical or physical process?
Element x is a poor conductor of heat, has a low boiling point, and is a brittle solid at room temperature. where on the periodic table would element x most likely be found?
Answer is: nonmetals.
Nonmetals are far right at Periodic table, except hydrogen (H).
The nonmetals are divided into two categories: reactive nonmetals and noble gases.
The type of bond in nonmetal is covalent bond, there is no free electrons, so they do not conduct heat.
Intermolecular forces are weak, so they have low boiling points.
Nonmetals have low electrical and thermal conductivity .
Element x would most likely be found on the right side of the periodic table, where nonmetals are located.
Explanation:The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized by increasing atomic number and similar chemical properties. Elements are grouped into rows (periods) and columns (groups or families) based on their electron configurations. This table provides a systematic way to understand and study the properties and relationships of all known elements.
Based on the given information, Element x is a nonmetal that is a poor conductor of heat, has a low boiling point, and is a brittle solid at room temperature. Nonmetals are typically found on the right side of the periodic table. Therefore, Element x would most likely be found on the right side of the periodic table, where nonmetals are located.
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The diatomic molecule h2 has an extremely low boiling point because
Write the balanced molecular equation for the neutralization reaction between hi and ba(oh)2 in aqueous solution. include physical states.
2HI(aq)+Ba(OH)2(aq) ----> 2H2O(l) + BaI2(aq)
Which solution below has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions?
a.ph = 3.21
b.ph = 12.6
c.ph = 7.93
d.ph = 9.82
e.ph = 7.00?
Dinitrogen tetroxide decomposes to produce nitrogen dioxide gas. When dinitrogen tetroxide is sealed in an evacuated glass container, the closed system eventually reaches dynamic equilibrium. Which statement describes the graph of the rate of the forward reaction over time? It starts high and gradually decreases until it levels out above zero. It starts high and gradually decreases until it reaches a rate of zero. It starts low and gradually increases until it levels out at a rate above zero. It starts low and gradually increases until it reaches a maximum rate.
The rate of the forward reaction where dinitrogen tetroxide decomposes to nitrogen dioxide starts high and gradually decreases until it levels out above zero, due to reaching a state of dynamic equilibrium.
Explanation:In the reaction where dinitrogen tetroxide decomposes to produce nitrogen dioxide, the graph of the rate of the forward reaction over time would start high and gradually decrease until it levels out above zero. This is because when the reaction begins, the concentration of reactant (dinitrogen tetroxide in this case) is at its maximum, thus the rate of the forward reaction is high. However, as the reaction progresses and more product (nitrogen dioxide) is generated, the concentration of dinitrogen tetroxide decreases and thus the rate of the forward reaction also decreases. This continues until a dynamic equilibrium is reached where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction and the concentrations of reactant and product are constant.
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The rate of the forward reaction in the decomposition of N₂O₄ to NO₂ starts at zero, increases as the reaction proceeds, and levels out above zero once dynamic equilibrium is reached, where it becomes equal to the reverse reaction rate.
When dinitrogen tetroxide (N₂O₄) decomposes to produce nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), we observe the concept of chemical equilibrium in a closed system. Initially, the rate of the forward reaction, which is the decomposition of N₂O₄ to 2NO₂, starts at zero because there is no NO₂ to decompose. As the decomposition proceeds, this rate increases as more N₂O₄ is converted to NO₂. Over time, the forward reaction rate gradually increases and then levels out above zero when dynamic equilibrium is reached. At equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction becomes equal to the rate of the reverse reaction, which is the dimerization of NO₂ to reform N₂O₄.
The fundamental mendelian process that involves the separation of contrasting genetic elements at the same locus would be called _______
One mole of calcium ions has the same number of representative particles as which of the following? one mole of calcium nuclei one mole of calcium atoms 6.02 x 1023 calcium ions All of these are correct.
What is the ph of a solution containing the strong base ba(oh)2 at a concentration of 0.064 mol/l?
If the temperature of a reaction is increased, the reaction proceeds at a much quicker rate because the
Explanation:
When we increase temperature of a substance then bond between the atoms will start to break and the molecules will move apart from each other. As a result, there will be increase in number of collisions between the molecules. Thus, reaction will occur at a faster rate.
Also, K.E = [tex]\frac{3}{2}kT[/tex]
where k = boltzmann constant
T = temperature
Hence, kinetic energy is proportional to temperature. So, more is the temperature more will be the kinetic energy. Therefore, more will be the rate of reaction.
a radioisotope spontaneously emits charged particles and energy
which is NOT a characteristic of a radioisotope?
a. it is radioactive
b. it is stable
c. it undergoes nuclear decay
d. it emits energy
The isotopes which are radioactive in nature is said to be radioisotopes. Radioisotope has unstable atomic nucleus and to attain a stable form, they emit particles and energy.
Since, radioisotopes are very reactive in nature as they are unstable and hence, they decay to form other particles. Energy may be released in the form of alpha particles (helium nuclei), beta particles, (electrons or positrons), or gamma particles (electromagnetic energy).
Hence, incorrect statement is: radioisotope is stable.
Rate is related to?
A. Volume
B. Time
C. Distance
D. Percentage
Ans: B) Time
Rate is a measure of change of a particular property over a certain time period. The property could be concentration, volume, mass etc.
Mathematically, if x denotes a certain property and t denotes the time then:
Rate = Δx/Δt = x2-x1/t2-t1
x1 and x2 are the initial and final values of the measured property measured at time t1 and t2 respectively.
Thus, rate is related to time.
Vapor-pressure lowering is a colligative property of a solution, which means that it depends only upon _____.
Answer:
the number of solute particles
Explanation:
just aced the exam
Which element in period 4 has the highest electronegativity? potassium calcium copper bromine
Answer: Bromine has the highest electronegativity in period 4 of the periodic table.
Explanation:
Electronegativity is defined as the tendency of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself whenever a bond is formed.
This property of an atom increases as we move from left to right in a period because the number of charge on the nucleus gets increased.
But this property decreases as we move from top to bottom in a group because electrons get add up in the new shells which make them further far away from the nucleus.
For the given options:
Potassium is present in Group 1, Period 4 of the periodic table.
Calcium is present in Group 2, Period 4 of the periodic table.
Copper is present in Group 11, Period 4 of the periodic table.
Bromine is present in Group 17, Period 4 of the periodic table.
Hence, bromine will have the highest electronegativity in Period 4.
Which is a component of John Dalton’s atomic theory? The ratio of atoms in a compound is fixed. The atoms of different elements are the same. An atom is a small particle of matter that can be broken down. A reaction can create or destroy atoms as well as rearrange them
Answer:
The right answer is A
Explanation:
Complete each nuclear fission reaction. What is A?
Answer:
143
Explanation:
Thinking process:
The equation is balanced by balancing the charges. This gives:
235 + 1 = 90 + A + 3(1)
236 = 90 + A + 3
236 = 93 + A
A = 236 - 93
= 143
therefore, the value of A is 143
The formula of the compound formed in the reaction between aluminum and sulfur is
Why does 50 g of water initially at 0 ∘c warm more quickly than 50 g of an ice/water mixture initially at 0 ∘c?
Upon balancing the equation below, how many moles of sodium cyanide are needed to react completely with 3.6 moles of sulfuric acid? H2SO4 + NaCN yields HCN + Na2SO4
Explanation:
The given chemical equation is as follows.
[tex]H_{2}SO_{4} + NaCN \rightarrow HCN + Na_{2}SO_{4}[/tex]
Number of reactant atoms are as follows.
H = 2[tex]SO_{4}[/tex] = 1Na = 1CN = 1Number of product atoms are as follows.
H = 1[tex]SO_{4}[/tex] = 1Na = 1CN = 1Thus, in order to balance the equation, multiply NaCN by 2 on the reactant side and multiply HCN by 2 on the product side. Therefore, the balanced chemical equation will be as follows.
[tex]H_{2}SO_{4} +2NaCN \rightarrow 2HCN + Na_{2}SO_{4}[/tex]
Hence, we need [tex]2 \times 3.6[/tex] = 7.2 moles of NaCN to react completely with 3.6 moles of [tex]H_{2}SO_{4}[/tex].
"what is the volume (in cm3) of a 9.37 g piece of metal with a density of 4.66 g/cm3?"
Answer : The volume of a piece of metal is [tex]2.01cm^3[/tex]
Explanation :
Density : It is defined as the mass contained per unit volume.
Formula used for density :
[tex]Density=\frac{Mass}{Volume}[/tex]
Given :
Mass of a piece of metal = 9.37 grams
Density of metal = [tex]4.66g/cm^3[/tex]
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get the volume of a piece of metal.
[tex]4.66g/cm^3=\frac{9.37g}{Volume}[/tex]
[tex]Volume=\frac{9.37g}{4.66g/cm^3}[/tex]
[tex]Volume=2.01cm^3[/tex]
Therefore, the volume of a piece of metal is [tex]2.01cm^3[/tex]
One important difference between covalent and ionic bonds is that:select one:a. in covalent bonds two atoms share electrons while in ionic bonds two atoms of opposite charge are attracted to each other.b. ionic bonds only occur among water-soluble elements.c. in ionic bonds two atoms share electrons, while in covalent bonds one atom gives one or more electrons to the other atom.d. in ionic bonds both protons and electrons can be shared while in covalent bonds only electrons can be shared.e. ionic bonds are much stronger than covalent bonds.
The correct answer is 'a'. In covalent bonds, two atoms share electrons, while in ionic bonds, two atoms of opposite charge are attracted to each other.
In a covalent bond, two atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. This sharing of electrons allows both atoms to fill their outermost energy levels and become more stable. An example of a covalent bond is the bond between two hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen molecule . In this case, both hydrogen atoms share their single electron to form a stable molecule.
On the other hand, in an ionic bond, two atoms of opposite charge are attracted to each other due to the transfer of electrons. One atom loses electrons to become positively charged (cation), while the other atom gains electrons to become negatively charged (anion). These oppositely charged ions are then attracted to each other, forming an ionic bond.Thus, the correct option is 'A'.
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A piece of copper metal is dipped into an aqueous solution of agno3. which net ionic equation describes the reaction that occurs?
Answer: The net chemical equation is written below.
Explanation:
When copper metal displaces an aqueous solution of silver nitrate, it leads to the formation of silver metal and aqueous copper nitrate solution.
This reaction is an example of single displacement reaction.
Net ionic equation of any reaction does not include any spectator ions.
Spectator ions are defined as the ions which does not get involved in a chemical equation. They are found on both the sides of the chemical reaction when it is present in ionic form.
The chemical equation for the reaction of copper metal and silver nitrate is given as:
[tex]Cu(s)+2AgNO_3(aq.)\rightarrow Cu(NO_3)_2(aq.)+2Ag(s)[/tex]
Ionic form of the above equation follows
[tex]Cu(s)+2Ag^+(aq.)+2NO_3^-(aq.)\rightarrow Cu^{2+}(aq.)+2NO_3^-(aq.)+2Ag(s)[/tex]
As, nitrate ions are present on both the sides of the reaction. Thus, it will not be present in the net ionic equation and are spectator ions.
The net ionic equation for the above reaction follows:
[tex]Cu(s)+2Ag^+(aq.)\rightarrow Cu^{2+}(aq.)+2Ag(s)[/tex]
Hence, the net ionic equation is written above.
how many electrons would be represented in the lewis dot notation for an atom of oxygen?A,2.B.6.C.8.D.18
The reaction of hemoglobin with oxygen can be written as follows. hb + o2 â hbo2 if the amount of oxygen available to the blood decreases significantly, what happens to the individual involved?