A vertical column of elements in the periodic table is called a ...

Answers

Answer 1
A group is a vertical line on the periodic table
Answer 2
Final answer:

The vertical columns on the periodic table are called groups or families.

Explanation:

The vertical columns on the periodic table are called groups or families. Elements within the same group share similar chemical properties due to their identical outer electron configurations. There are 18 groups in the modern periodic table, each denoted by a number or a specific name.

Elements in the same group often exhibit comparable reactivity and bonding characteristics, providing a systematic way to understand and predict the behavior of elements. This grouping facilitates the organization of elements based on their shared characteristics and contributes to the periodic table's utility in chemistry.

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Related Questions

Match each processes with the correct transfer of energy.

~Energy Loss ........ ~Energy Gain

Freezing
Sublimation
Evaporation
Melting
Deposition
Condensation

Answers

freezing-energy lost (exothermic)

sublimation-energy gain (endothermic)

evaporation- energy gain(endothermic)

Melting- energy gain(endothermic)

deposition- energy lost(exothermic)

condensation-energy lost(exothermic)

Answer:

freezing-energy lost (exothermic)

sublimation-energy gain (endothermic)

evaporation- energy gain(endothermic)

Melting- energy gain(endothermic)

deposition- energy lost(exothermic)

condensation-energy lost(exothermic)

Write a brief explanation about why a plant extract is a mixture

Answers

Extraction is the crucial first step in the analysis of medicinal plants, because it is necessary to extract the desired chemical components from the plant materials for further separation and characterization
Final answer:

A plant extract is a mixture due to the fact that it contains multiple compounds physically combined, they retain their individual characteristics. This makes the composition of extracts heterogeneous. Mixtures in the form of plant extracts are especially important in pharmaceutical science.

Explanation:

A plant extract is considered a mixture due to the fact that it contains multiple compounds physically combined, not chemically bonded. These compounds usually include various elements of the plant like oils, pigments, and other organic molecules, all present in varying amounts. The plant extract retains the characteristics of its individual components because they are not chemically reacting with one another, but simply mixed together, making it a heterogeneous mixture, as the same drop of the extract might have different compounds in different proportions.

This is not much unlike the example of an Italian dressing, where in different parts of the mixture you may find more oil or vinegar or herbs because the ingredients separate and settle unevenly throughout the mixture. Similarly, in a plant extract, the compounds will not be proportionately arranged in every drop of the mixture.

Particularly in pharmaceutical science, this heterogeneous nature is an advantage as different plants contain unique combinations of beneficial compounds. Examples include medicines such as aspirin and codeine, which were once derived from plant extracts. This demonstrates the importance of mixtures in medicinal applications.

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To squeeze a gas into a smaller space you

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Compression is the term used for making a gas (or any type of fluid) fit into a smaller space than usual. This will increase the pressure, but will also allow more of the gas to be able to fit in a smaller volume than would usual, given average atmospheric conditions.

how do you know if a reaction is exothermic

Answers

when there is heat released
when heat is released 

the half-life of U234 is 25200 years. How much of a 100 gram sample remains after 352800 years?

Answers

The answer is um hold on need a dictionary lol jk but i will be right back to help you

A chemist isolates an element that is suspected to have a principal quantum number equal to 5. What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy this level?

Answers

Maximum number of electrons = 2 (n^2)
which n is the principal quantum number
If n=1, the maximum number of electrons = 2(1^2)= 2 electrons.

Hope this helps.
Final answer:

The maximum number of electrons that can occupy the principal quantum number 5 is 50, calculated using the formula 2n² where n is the principal quantum number.

Explanation:

The maximum number of electrons that can occupy the fifth energy level (n = 5) of an atom is determined by the formula 2n2. For n = 5, this formula gives:

2 × 52 = 2 × 25 = 50 electrons

Therefore, the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the principal quantum number 5 is 50. This includes the possible subshells in that energy level: 5s, 5p, 5d, and 5f, with the number of orbitals in each subshell being one s-orbital, three p-orbitals, five d-orbitals, and seven f-orbitals, respectively.

scientists build theories to test their ideas about things that they cannot observe directly true or false?

Answers

Pseudoscience- Fake science

What kind of Romance Novels would kids between the age of 14-18 read. Whether it is an actual book or a book made on sites like Wattpad. 

Give a description of your characters, story plot, time/setting, etc.

Is there magic? Is it realistic? Fiction or Nonfiction, why? Vampires? Talking animals? 

Anyone have any ideas when it comes to finding that perfect Romance Novel?

Note: I am not talking about a book that is required in school to read. I am talking a book that you randomly find, and actually, think it would be interesting to read. 

Answers

A book series that a 14-18 year old would read could be the books by Sarah Mlynowski. A book that I have read that is really good it Gimme A Call. It is based on a girls point of view. It is fiction because of the idea that the book revolves around the character getting a call from her future self telling her to do things differently with her life. The book isn't mainly about romance, but it does have some really good topics that teens can deal with. Also, when you are looking for a romance novel keep in mind that there are different levels of romance books. There are the type of books where there is only flirting and the usual teenage dating, but then there are books with very, and I mean very, unpleasing scenes. 

Final answer:

For ages 14-18, young adult romance novels are popular, often blending aspects of realism and romanticism. Examples include books like 'Twilight', 'The Fault in Our Stars', and 'Divergent'. These novels provide relatable plots and characters while offering an escape into various genres like fantasy, mystery, and dystopian fiction.

Explanation:

Teenagers between the ages of 14-18 often lean towards young adult romance novels that incorporate elements of fantasy, mystery, and realism. Two popular categories of stories that these novels might follow are romance and the bildungsroman, a genre focusing on the growth of its main character, fitting given the phase of life teenagers are in.

For example, 'Twilight' by Stephenie Meyer that offers a blend of romance and fantasy with the main characters being a teenage girl and a vampire, set in contemporary times. Other examples are 'The Fault in Our Stars' by John Green, a poignant love story between two teenagers met at a cancer support group, and 'Divergent' by Veronica Roth that blends romance with dystopian fiction.

The beauty of these novels is they take variations from the type of normal life (romanticism) and incorporate them into real life settings (realism). These stories provide young readers an escape from their day-to-day lives, while also offering relatable plots and characters that they can connect with on a personal level. Regardless of whether the novels have elements like magic, vampires, or talking animals, the primary focus rests on the exploration of human emotions, friendships, and romances, imparting a sense of both imagination and reality.

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Difference between osmosis and diffusion

Osmosis occurs through a semipermeable membrane

Net movement in osmosis is from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration

Osmosis requires facilitation by an energy carrying molecule, such as ATP. Diffusion requires no additional energy to move molecules across the concentration gradient.

Osmosis is used for gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. Diffusion is used for water that contains salt or sugar molecules.

PLEASE NO GUESSING OR INCORRECT ANSWERS.

Answers

The answer is:  [A]:  "Osmosis occurs through a semipermeable membrane" .
____________________________________________________________

explain how you can use physical properties to compare substance

Answers

You can use physical properties to compare substance by the texture depending on how rough, hard, soft etc

To compare a substance physically,  different methods have been applied like measure the dimensions of an object, calculation of volume. physical property also tell you whether the substance is a solid, liquid, or a gas.

What are the difference between chemical and physical property ?

Chemical properties of a substance  can be measured when a substance undergoes any type of chemical change where as Physical properties does not require any chemical changes, it can be directly observed.

A chemical reaction is conducted to show the chemical property of a substance where as no chemical reaction is required to determine the physical property.

In Chemical properties the compounds are connected by the chemical bonds  while in Physical properties the compounds do not show such a relationship.

Some of the Chemical properties include Compressibility, flammability,  toxicity, radioactivity while physical properties include Molecular weight, melting point,  length, color, odor, shape.

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what is the volume, in liters, of 2.00 moles of hydrogen H at STP

Answers

Final answer:

To find the volume of 2.00 moles of hydrogen gas at STP, multiply the number of moles by the standard molar volume, 22.4 L/mol, resulting in 44.8 liters.

Explanation:

The volume of hydrogen gas at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) can be found using the standard molar volume. By definition, the standard molar volume of an ideal gas at STP, which is 0°C (273 K) and 1 atm pressure, is 22.4 liters per mole.

For 2.00 moles of hydrogen gas at STP, the calculation simply involves multiplying the number of moles by the standard molar volume:

Volume = 2.00 moles × 22.4 L/molVolume = 44.8 liters

Thus, 2.00 moles of hydrogen gas at STP occupy a volume of 44.8 liters.

How do the independent and dependent variables in an experiment compare?

Answers

An independent variable is the variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. 

Answer:

The independent variable controls the dependent variable.

Explanation:

The molecules in compound AB are strongly polar, while the molecules in compound XY are non polar. Which substance probably has a higher boiling point

Answers

The molecules in compound AB are strongly polar, while the molecules in compound XY are non polar. Which substance probably has a higher boiling point

To answer you question:

A non-polar substance
Hello there! I t would be a non-polar substance.
Hope this helps!

Living organisms all have DNA and RNA which are both _______

Answers

Both DNA and RNA are molecules that store genetic information.  
The answer is Nucleic Acids...Hope this was helpful:D

As an environmental engineer how would you apply the process of separating mixtures to clean up a polluted beach? What would you do first? Second? Third? What equipment would you need? Explain your process.

Answers

i did this already and i put this down :3 first you would separate each part of the beach into three zones one for basic cleaning another for harder work and then animal searching and cleaning and release, after that you would begin to work on the sections one by one using certain tools and a large amount of effort being used, then finally you end with a cleaned up beach clean water and safe animals and happy faces from people as well.

Does H₂O have a subscript?

Answers

The Answer Is Yes if you guys are doing the (Yes or No ) question 

Herbicides:

1.are used to kill insects
2.can increase crop yields by killing weeds
3.supply plants with nutrients and minerals
4.are only used with hybrid plants

Answers

2.Can increase crop yields by killing weeds.

Answer:

The correct answer is number 2: herbicides can increase crop yields by killing weeds.

Explanation:

Herbicides are chemiclas used to avoid the spreding of undesired plants (weeds) on crops. These weeds would be prejudicial to the harvest, therefore, herbicide use can increase crop yields.

1.Hydrogen is colorless odorless gas that is less dense than air it will react with oxygen to form water which of the following is a chemical property of hydrogen?

It is a gas
it is less dense than air
It is colorless
It reacts with oxygen to form water

2. Sodium is a shiny solid at room temperature it will react with chlorine to form table salt it will react violently with water which of the following is a physical property of sodium?

It is a solid at room temperature
it reacts with chlorine to form table salt
it reacts violently with water

3.Mercury has a density of approximately 5.43 g/ml. If a sample of mercury has a volume of 10ml, what must be the mass of the samples

54.3g
5.43g
0.543g
4.57g

Answers

1 it reacts with oxygen to form water.
21) it reacts with oxygen to form water
2) it is a solid at room temperature
3)54.3g

hope this helps :)

A physical propery of halite (table salt) is its chemical composition.

Leon made a chart to summarize some characteristics of LED light bulbs.
Which headings best complete the chart?

X: Cost-Effectiveness
Y: Time-Effectiveness

X: Time-Effectiveness
Y: Cost-Effectiveness

X: Benefits
Y: Risks

X: Risks
Y: Benefits

Answers

The answer is C. X: Benefits

Y: Risks

Answer:

x benefits y risks

Explanation:

Which of these actions isn’t part of your body’s homeostasis? A. Sweating when your hot B. Breathing harder when u excercise C. Smiling when you’re happy or D. Going to the bathroom

Answers

C. It is a reaction to emotion but not to maintain stability. 

Answer:

C. smiling when you're happy

Explanation:

SInce it's just an emotion and isn't actually that nessary

Is coffee a pure substance or a mixture?

Answers

Answer:

its is a subtance

Explanation:

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Final answer:

Coffee is considered a mixture rather than a pure substance because it is made up of multiple components that can be separated. Coffee is a mixture, not a pure substance, due to the variety of components that combine to make it, such as caffeine, water, oils, and other organic compounds.

Explanation:

In chemistry, coffee is considered a mixture rather than a pure substance. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically joined together. Coffee is made up of various components such as water, caffeine, oils, and flavor compounds, which can all be separated through various methods.

For example, if you were to run a coffee extraction process using water, you would separate the soluble components of coffee from the insoluble ones. This demonstrates that coffee is not chemically pure but rather a mixture.

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how many atoms of oxygen are contained in 47.6g of Al2(CO3)3? The molar mass of Al2(CO3)3 is 233.99g/mol.

Answers

Moles of aluminum carbonate = Mass / Molar mass = 47.6 g / 233.99 g molâ’1 =0.203 mol To find moles of oxygen: In each mole of the carbonate there are 9 moles of oxygen And thus there are 9 Ă— 0.203 moles of oxygen in the given quantity. = 1.83 moles of oxygen Within one mole of oxygen, we have 6.022 x 10^23 atoms Amount of atoms within 1.827 moles of oxygen = 1.83 x 6.022 x 10^23 = 1.10 x 10^24 atoms

Water particles in gas coming off a pan of boiling water are moving faster or slower than the particles of the water in the pan

Answers

Answer:

faster.

Explanation:

Particles of water in the gas coming out of a pot of boiling water are moving faster than particles of water in the pot.

This is because the heat energy makes the molecules move faster, so the molecules "trapped" in the liquid are able to gradually break down the barriers of the liquid-air interface and, therefore, the amount of water. it decreases until it "disappears". When you boil water, that smoke you see coming out is nothing more than a bunch of molecules that have broken through the barrier and are free, gaseous. This was due to the rapid movement of these molecules.

We want to see what happens to the particle's speed in a given material as the temperature changes (increases in this case) and it faces a change of phase.

We will see that the particles in the gas (vapor of water) have a larger speed than the ones in the liquid water.

--------------------------------

To see this, first, we need to understand how the temperature manifests in a given material.

As we increase the temperature of the material, the kinetic energy of the particles that make the material increase (thus the speed increases). This causes the particles to move more, and this is why as we increase the temperature, is likely to see an increase in the volume.

This is the reason of why we usually see that a solid has less volume than a liquid, and a liquid has less volume than a gas (for the same mass of the same material).

Then as we increase the temperature of liquid water and that water starts to change of phase (by boiling) the kinetic energy of the particles increase, and thus, the speed increases.

Then the particles will be moving faster than the particles of the water in the pan.

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Which of the answer choices correctly identifies a scenario that displays evidence a chemical reaction is occurring?
Paper absorbs liquid and sinks.
Sugar burns and turns black.
Water boils and evaporates.
Glass vibrates and shatters.

Answers

Sugar burns and turns black. A completely new substance was formed, which is the main pointer for it being a chemical reaction. More evidence would be change of color, odor, and the fact that flammability is a chemical property so setting something on fire would be a chemical change.

Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A chemical reaction is the one in which there occurs change in the chemical composition of a substance in order to result in the formation of a new compound.

For example, when sugar burns then it means it is chemically reacting due to which it turns into black.

On the other hand, a physical change is the one in which there occurs no change in chemical composition of a substance. As a result, no new compound is formed.

For example, Paper absorbs liquid and sinks, Water boils and evaporates, and  Glass vibrates and shatters are all physical changes.

Thus, we can conclude that sugar burns and turns black correctly identifies a scenario that displays evidence a chemical reaction is occurring.

which of the following elements does not form a monatomic ion? A.potassium B.sulfur C.chlorine D.xenon

Answers

Final answer:

Xenon does not typically form a monatomic ion.

Explanation:

In this question, we need to identify the element that does not form a monatomic ion. A monatomic ion is an ion consisting of only one atom.

Potassium (K) forms a monatomic ion with a charge of +1, sulfur (S) can form a monatomic ion with a charge of -2, and chlorine (Cl) can form a monatomic ion with a charge of -1.

However, xenon (Xe) does not typically form a monatomic ion. Xenon belongs to the noble gas family and is highly stable due to its full valence electron shell, so it rarely forms ions.

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How are osmosis and diffusion alike

Both processes can occur though semipermeable membranes

Both levees can occur though permeable bilayer membranes

Both require additional energy provided by channel proteins

Botha low solute molecules to move across a semipermeable membrane

Answers

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

The osmosis can be defined as a biological process where the movement of the particles takes place through the semipermeable membrane.The solvent moves from a region of high concentration to low concentration.

The diffusion is same in the reference that it can also occur through the semipermeable membrane.

The particles from the higher concentration moves towards the lower concentration.

Hence, option A is correct.

What does the law of conservation say about matter?

Answers

The Law of Conservation says that matter cannot be created or destroyed, all matter is re-used. Going into mass here, which does relate, the product's mass will always equal the mass of the reactants. 

What was rutherfords contribution to the structure of an atom

Answers

The Nuclear Model-1909. Ernest Rutherford's great contribution to atomic theory was to show what happens to an element during radioactive decay. This enabled him to construct the first nuclear model of the atom, a cornerstone of present-day physics The Nuclear Model-1909.

The Nuclear Model-1909

While visiting the Grand Canyon, you observe the exposed layers of rock in the valley. What natural process most likely caused the valley to form? Deposition Chemical weathering Oxidation Erosion

Answers

Answer: it would be erosions

Explanation:

The natural process most likely caused the valley to canyon is tectonic uplift and erosion.

What is tectonic uplift?

Tectonic uplift is defined as the portion of the total geologic uplift to the mean of the earth surface that is not attributable to an isostatic response to an unloading.

Tectonic plate is defined as a scientific theory explaining how large landforms are formed as a result of subsurface motions on Earth.

Erosion is defined as the geological process in which earthen materials will move away and  transported by the natural force such as wind and water.    

There are basically two types of erosion

Surface erosionMass movement erosion

Thus, the natural process most likely caused the valley to canyon is tectonic uplift and erosion.

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How do I identify the ions present in K2HPO4?

Answers

In any compound there are two types of ions are present, cations and anions. Cations are positively charged ions and formed by losing electrons and anions are formed by gaining electrons and are negatively charged ions.
So, in K₂HPO₄, there are positive charged and negative charged ions are present. so there is K⁺ ion and HPO₄⁻² ion is present in K₂HPO₄

Final answer:

In K2HPO4, the ions present are potassium ions (K+) and hydrogen phosphate ions (HPO42-). Hydrogen phosphate can further dissociate, but the dissociation leading to the formation of PO43- is much less due to the small value of the equilibrium constant. Hence, the solution is basic.

Explanation:

To identify the ions present in K2HPO4, we first consider the fact that K2HPO4 is a salt derived from the reaction of a strong base (KOH) with a weak acid (H3PO4), and it is made up of potassium ions (K+) and hydrogen phosphate ions (HPO42-). In aqueous solution, K2HPO4 fully dissociates into these ions:

K2HPO4 (s) → 2 K+ (aq) + HPO42- (aq)

The potassium ions, K+, are the cationic species and the HPO42- ions are the anionic species. The hydrogen phosphate ion is an amphiprotic species, meaning it can act as both an acid and a base. This ion may further dissociate in water:

First ionization: H2PO4- (aq) → H+ (aq) + HPO42- (aq)

Second ionization: HPO42- (aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+ (aq) + PO43- (aq)

However, the second ionization, which forms PO43- and H3O+, has an equilibrium constant (K2), which is much less than that of the first ionization, indicating that it occurs to a significantly lesser extent. The solution of K2HPO4 is basic because the K2 of the HPO42- ion is much larger than the acidic dissociation constant.

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