Write the chemical reaction for nitrous acid in water, whose equilibrium constant is K a . Include the physical states for each species. K a reaction: Write the chemical reaction for the nitrite ion in water, whose equilibrium constant is K b . Include the physical states for each species.

Answer:

Yes, a hydrocarbon is any compound that contains hydrogen and oxygen.

Explanation:

A scientific question may lead to a(n)

The answer is may lead to a hypothesis.

Explanation:

Answer: observations

Hypothesis

Experimentation

Explanation:in order and right on edge

Answer:

What will the horizontal axis represent?

Temperature

What will the vertical axis represent?

number of days

What is an appropriate scale?

0-100

Which interval should be used

20

Answer:

✔ temperature

✔ number of days

✔ 0–100

✔ 20

Explanation:

A slice or part of a homogeneous substance has the same density as the whole piece because the density is uniform throughout. In a heterogeneous substance, the density can vary and depends on the composition and structure of the part being measured. Density is found by dividing mass by volume and is useful for identifying substances.

The density of a substance is defined as its mass divided by its volume. In a homogeneous material, the density is consistent throughout, which means a slice or part of the substance would have the same density as the whole piece. For example, a solid iron bar is homogeneous, and therefore any part of it would have the same density as the entire bar. However, in a heterogeneous material, the density can vary from one part to another; an instance of this is Swiss cheese, which contains air pockets resulting in variable local densities.

To determine the density of a substance, you would divide the mass by the volume of the substance. This method applies to both whole objects and parts thereof. In the case of a cube, the volume is found by cubing the edge length. In practice, density is often used to help identify substances by comparison with known values, as different substances have characteristic densities.

In a chemical reaction between sulfur and oxygen that produces sulfur dioxide, there is a 1:1 ratio between sulfur and sulfur dioxide. Using the molar mass of sulfur and sulfur dioxide, it is calculated that to produce 8g of sulfur dioxide, 4g of sulfur needs to be burned.

To calculate the mass of sulfur that must be burned to give 8g of sulfur dioxide, we first need to understand mole ratio and molar mass, since the question is about a chemical reaction described by a balanced chemical equation. The balanced equation is: S + O2 --> SO2.

The molar masses are: S (32.06 g/mol), O2 (32 g/mol, because there are 2 O atoms each 16 g/mol), and SO2 (64.06 g/mol, which sum the molar masses of S and O2).

From the balanced chemical equation, we see a 1:1 ratio exists between sulfur and sulfur dioxide. So, the number of moles in 8g of SO2 would be the mass divided by the molar mass: 8g SO2 * (1 mol SO2/64.06 g SO2) = 0.125 mol SO2.

Because of the 1:1 ratio between sulfur and sulfur dioxide, 0.125 mole of sulfur is needed. Convert this to grams, we have: 0.125 mol S * (32.06 g S/1 mol S) = 4 g of sulfur

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Answer:1.587J / g degC.

Explanation:SOLUTION

Specific heat of aluminum = 0.897 J / g degC.

Heat gained by calorimeter = 100 * 10 * 0.897 J = 897 J

Specific heat of water = 4.18 J / g degC.

Heat gained by water = 250 * 10 * 4.18 J = 10450 J

Specific heat of copper = 0.385 J / g degC.

Heat loss by copper block = 50 * (80-10) * 0.385 J =1347.5  J

Let specific heat of unknown block be x J / g degC.

Heat loss by unknown block = 70 * (100-10) * x J = 6300x J

Heat gain = Heat loss

897 + 10450 = 1347.5 + 6300x

6300x = 9999.5

x =1.58722= 1.587

Specific heat of unknown substance is 1.587J / g degC.

Answer:

Explanation:

conjugate acid, based on Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, is a chemical compound that is formed by the reception of a proton by a base

a. CH₃COOH + H₂O ⇌ H₃0⁺ + CH₃C00-

Acid <> CH₃COOH

Base <> H₂O

Conjugate acid <> H₃0 +

Conjugate base <>CH₃C00-

b. HCO₃ + H₂O ⇌ H₂CO₃⁻ + OH⁻

Acid <> H₂O

Base <> HCO₃

Conjugate acid <> H₂CO₃⁻

Conjugate base <>OH⁻

C. HNO₃ + SO₄²⁻ ⇌ HSO₄⁻ + NO₃⁻

Acid <>HNO₃

Base <>SO₄²⁻

Conjugate acid <>HSO₄⁻

Conjugate base <>NO₃⁻

A Bronsted acid is reffered to as a proton donor while a Bronsted base is a proton acceptor

In the reaction CH3COOH + H2O -> H3O+ + CH3C00-, CH3COOH is the proton donor and H2O is the proton acceptor. In the reaction HCO3- + H2O -> H2CO3 + OH-, HCO3- is the proton donor and H2O is the proton acceptor. In the reaction HNO3 + SO42- -> HSO4- + NO3-, HNO3 is the proton donor and SO42- is the proton acceptor.

a. In the reaction CH3COOH + H2O -> H30+ + CH3C00-, CH3COOH is the proton donor (acid) and H2O is the proton acceptor (base). The conjugate acid-base pairs are CH3COOH/CH3COO- and H3O+/H2O.

b. In the reaction HCO3- + H2O -> H2CO3 + OH-, HCO3- is the proton donor (acid) and H2O is the proton acceptor (base). The conjugate acid-base pairs are HCO3-/H2CO3 and H2O/OH-

c. In the reaction HNO3 + SO42- -> HSO4- + NO3-, HNO3 is the proton donor (acid) and SO42- is the proton acceptor (base). The conjugate acid-base pairs are HNO3/NO3- and HSO4-/SO42-

Answer:

C. The electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms pull electron density from the oxygen in trifluoroacetate. The negative charge is more stabilized in trifluoroacetate by this effect.

Explanation:

The structures of trifluoroacetate and acetic acid are both shown in the image attached.

The trifluoroacetate anion (CF3CO2-), just like the acetate anion has in the middle, two oxygen atoms.

However, in the trifluoroacetate anion, there are also three electronegative fluorine atoms attached to the nearby carbon atom attached to the carbonyl, and these pull some electron density through the sigma bonding network away from the oxygen atoms, thereby spreading out the negative charge further. This effect, called the "inductive effect" stabilizes the anion formed,the trifouoroacetate anion is thus more stabilized than the acetate anion.

Hence, trifluoroacetic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid, having a pKa of -0.18.

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The acid dissociation constant (Ka) is used to distinguish strong acids from weak acids. Strong acids have exceptionally high Ka values.

The Ka value is found by looking at the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the acid. The higher the Ka, the more the acid dissociates.

The structures of trifluoroacetate and acetic acid are both shown in the image attached.  It contains

However, in the trifluoroacetate anion, there are also three electronegative fluorine atoms attached to the nearby carbon atom attached to the carbonyl.

These pull some electron density through the sigma bonding network away from the oxygen atoms, thereby spreading out the negative charge further. This effect, called the "inductive effect" stabilizes the anion formed, the trifluoroacetate anion is thus more stabilized than the acetate anion.

Hence, the correct option is C that is The electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms pull electron density from the oxygen in trifluoroacetate. The negative charge is more stabilized in trifluoroacetate by this effect.

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Answer: 0.225, x, 0.0788

Explanation:

Answer:

4L

Explanation:

To obtain the volume of O2 at stp, first, we need to determine the number of mole of O2.

From the question given above,

Mass of O2 = 5.72g

Molar Mass of O2 = 32g/mol

Number of mole =Mass/Molar Mass

Number of mole of O2 = 5.72/32

Number of mole of O2 = 0.179 mole

Now, we can calculate the volume of O2 at stp as follow:

1 mole of a gas occupy 22.4L at stp.

Therefore, 0.179 mole of O2 will occupy = 0.179 x 22.4 = 4L

Therefore, the volume occupied by the sample of O2 is 4L

The volume of a 5.72 gram sample of oxygen at STP is approximately 4.01 liters, after converting the mass to moles and using the molar volume of a gas at STP.

To calculate the volume of oxygen at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) from the given mass, first convert the mass of oxygen to moles. At STP, 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 liters. Use the molar mass of Oxygen (32 g/mol) to convert grams to moles and then use the volume of 1 mole of gas at STP to find the volume in liters.

First, convert the given mass of oxygen (5.72 g) to moles:

5.72 g [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
x
1 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex]/ 32 g [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
= 0.179 moles [tex]O_{2}[/tex]

Then calculate the volume at STP (using the fact that 1 mole of any gas at STP occupies 22.4 liters):

0.179 moles [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
x
22.4 liters/mol
= 4.0096 liters

Therefore, the volume of a 5.72 gram sample of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] at STP is approximately 4.01 liters.

Answer:

The concentration of NaOH is 2.47 M

Explanation:

The equation of the reaction is

HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq) ------> NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Given;

Concentration of acid CA= 1.25 M

Volume of acid VA= 5.0L

Concentration of base CB= ????

Volume of base VB= 2.53 L

Number of moles of acid NA= 1

Number of moles of base NB= 1

From;

CAVA/CBVB= NA/NB

CAVANB= CBVBNA

CB= CAVANB/VBNA

CB= 1.25 × 5.0 ×1 / 2.53×1

CB= 2.47 M

Therefore the concentration of NaOH is 2.47 M

Answer:

pH in the [tex]H_{2}/H^{+}[/tex] half cell is 0.84.

Explanation:

Oxidation: [tex]Zn(s)-2e^{-}\rightarrow Zn^{2+}(aq.)[/tex]

Reduction: [tex]2H^{+}(aq.)+2e^{-}\rightarrow H_{2}(g)[/tex]

-------------------------------------------------------

Overall: [tex]Zn(s)+2H^{+}(aq.)\rightarrow Zn^{2+}(aq.)+H_{2}(g)[/tex]

[tex]E_{cell}^{0}=E_{H^{+}\mid H_{2}}^{0}-E_{Zn^{2+}\mid Zn}^{0}[/tex]  = (0.00 V) + (0.76 V) = 0.76 V

According to Nernst equation for this cell reaction at room temperature (298 K):              

                           [tex]E_{cell}=E_{cell}^{0}-\frac{0.0592}{n}log\frac{[Zn^{2+}].P_{H_{2}}}{[H^{+}]^{2}}[/tex]

where, [tex]E_{cell}[/tex] is cell potential, n is number of electron exchanged, [tex]P_{H_{2}}[/tex] is pressure of [tex]H_{2}[/tex] in atm and species under third bracket represent molarity of the respective species.

So, [tex]0.68V=0.76V-\frac{0.0592}{2}log\frac{(1.3M)\times (8atm)}{[H^{+}]^{2}}V[/tex]

   [tex]\Rightarrow[/tex] [tex][H^{+}]=0.1436M[/tex]

pH = [tex]-log[H^{+}][/tex] = -log(0.1436) = 0.84

Final answer:

The pH in the H+/H2 half-cell of the given galvanic cell is 8.5.

Explanation:

In the given galvanic cell, the reduction half-reaction is 2H+ (aq) + 2e → H₂(g), and the overall reaction is Zn(s) + 2H+ (aq) -> Zn²+ (aq) + H₂(g). The reduction potential for the H2(g)/H+(aq) half-reaction is 0.00 V, and for the Zn(s)/Zn²+(aq) half-reaction is -0.76 V.

To find the pH in the H+/H2 half-cell, we can use the Nernst equation:

Ecell = E°cell - (0.0592 V / n) * log[H+]

Using the given cell potential of 0.68 V and plugging in the values, we can calculate the pH in the H+/H2 half-cell to be 8.5.

Answer:

A) No , because Qsp<Ksp for calcium fluoride.

Check attachment for calculation

Without specific calculations, to determine if a precipitate forms when mixing calcium chlorate with sodium fluoride, one assesses if the product of the ion concentrations exceeds the Ksp for calcium fluoride; if Qsp > Ksp, precipitation occurs.

To determine if a precipitate will form when calcium chlorate is mixed with sodium fluoride, one must consider the ionic products formed and compare the reaction quotient (Qsp) with the solubility product constant (Ksp) of the relevant compound, in this case, calcium fluoride (CaF2). The Ksp for calcium fluoride is 3.45 × 10∑11. In a mixture of calcium chlorate and sodium fluoride, the calcium ions (Ca2+) from calcium chlorate can react with the fluoride ions (F∑) from sodium fluoride to potentially form solid calcium fluoride. However, without the exact concentrations of Ca2+ and F∑ after mixing, one cannot directly calculate Qsp. The principle, however, is that if Qsp > Ksp, a precipitate of calcium fluoride will form, whereas if Qsp < Ksp, no precipitate forms because the solution is not supersaturated with respect to CaF2.

The concentration of each ion in the final solution depends on the dilution that occurs when the two solutions are mixed. Given the initial conditions and the principle that the formation of a precipitate requires Qsp to exceed Ksp, we generally assess the likelihood of precipitation by considering the concentrations of the reactive ions and the solubility product of the insoluble compound they may form. In this scenario, without performing a specific calculation, the correct answer would be based on understanding whether the mixing leads to a situation where the product of the concentrations of calcium and fluoride ions exceeds the Ksp of calcium fluoride.

Answer:

Concentration of [tex]Zn^{+2}[/tex] = 1.9 * [tex]10^{-19}[/tex]

Explanation:

Find the provided attachment for solution.

The equilibrium concentration of uncomplexed Zn²⁺ ions if the concentration of cyanide ions at equilibrium is 0.50 M, is 19.18 × 10⁻²² M.

Equilibrium constant of any reaction will be calculated as the ration of the concentration of products to the concentration of reactants with raise to to respective coefficients at the equilibrium condition.

Moles of Zn²⁺ & Zinc cyanide complex are equal, so the concentration of 5×10⁻³ moles of Zinc cyanide complex in 1 liter of the solution is 5×10⁻³ M.

Chemical reaction for the formation of given complex with ICE table is:

                       Zn²⁺  + 4(cyanide ions)  ⇄  Zinc cyanide complex

Initial:                0                  0.50                             5×10⁻³

Change:          +x                    +4x                                -x

Equilibrium:      x                 0.50+4x                         5×10⁻³-x

Equilibrium constant for the above reaction will be calculated as:

Kf = Zinc cyanide complex / [Zn²⁺][cyanide ion]⁴

Given value of Kf = 4.17 × 10¹⁹

On putting all values on the above equation we get,

4.17 × 10¹⁹ = [5×10⁻³-x] / [x].[0.50+4x]⁴

x is very small as compared to the 5×10⁻³ and 0.50, so we can neglect x and equation becomes:

4.17 × 10¹⁹ = [5×10⁻³] / [x].[0.50]⁴

x = 19.18 × 10⁻²² M

Hence, required concentration of Zn²⁺ is 19.18 × 10⁻²² M.

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Answer:

Check the explanation

Explanation:

Kindly check the attached image below to see the step by step explanation to the question above.

A common addiction to the common water is the elemental chlorine and chlorine ions, the phosphate ions. Recent reports of the higher levels of lead in cities have to lead to the Pb(s) as CI 2 flows in petal pipes some may be oxidized.

They balanced equation of the net ionic reactions.

Learn more about the chloride ions and phosphate ions.

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Answer:

Defective collagen proteins affect an individuals joints, as collagen is an important component protein in body connective tissues

Explanation:

Collagen is a crucial protein in the extracellular matrix of various connective tissues in body (tendons, ligaments, muscles). It constitutes major protein component in mammals body.

Collagen Vascular disease is a group of diseases affecting 'collagen' connecting tissue. Apart from inheritance, they can con occur due to autoimmune disease. This implies that body's immune system fights against itself & mistakenly damages its own tissues. So, these diseases have a huge bearing on body joints components. Eg : Lupus , Arthritis are common collagen vascular diseases. Arthritis mostly affects adults above 30 years of age, lupus can be diagnosed in younger people above 15 years of age also.

Answer:

CO HAS A TRIPLE BOND WHILE C-O BOND IN CO2 IS A DOUBLE BOND

CO HAS A LONE PAIR ON CARBON WHILE CO2 DOES NOT

Explanation:

Bond dissociation bond enthalpy or energy is the energy needed to break 1 mole of a divalent molecule into separate atoms mostly in the gaseous state.

The carbon and oxygen in carbon monoxide form a triple bond as carbon monoxide has 10 electrons in their outermost shell which results into six shared electrons in 3 bonding orbitals as against the double bond formed by other carbon compounds. Four electrons come from oxygen and the remaining two from carbon and due to this, two electrons from oxygen will occupy one orbital and this forms a dative bond. Also because of the triple bond, carbon monoxide is often regarded as a more stable compound than carbon dioxide with a double bond. This gives it its higher bond dissociation enthalpy value and more energy is needed to break it into its separate atoms. This is in conjunction with a larger bond length similar to the bong length in a triple bond. This makes it more stronger than the bond dissociation enthalpy of carbon dioxide having a double bond.

Answer: The heat of reaction for the combustion of titanium is 15240 kJ/mol

Explanation:

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius is called the specific heat capacity.

[tex]Q=C\times \Delta T[/tex]

Q = Heat absorbed by calorimeter =?

C = heat capacity of calorimeter = 9.84 kJ/K

Initial temperature of the calorimeter  = [tex]T_i[/tex] = [tex]25.00^0C=(25.00+273)=298.00K[/tex]

Final temperature of the calorimeter  = [tex]T_f[/tex]  = [tex]91.60^0C=(91.60+273)K=364.6K[/tex]

Change in temperature ,[tex]\Delta T=T_f-T_i=(364.6-298.0)K=66.60K[/tex]

Putting in the values, we get:

[tex]Q=9.84kJ/K\times 66.60K=655.3kJ[/tex]

As heat absorbed by calorimeter is equal to heat released by combustion of titanium

[tex]Q=q[/tex]

[tex]\text{Moles of titanium}=\frac{\text{given mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}=\frac{2.060g}{47.8g/mol}=0.0430mol[/tex]  

Heat released by 0.0430 moles of titanium = 655.3 kJ

Heat released by 1 mole of titanium = [tex]\frac{655.3}{0.0430}\times 1=15240kJ[/tex]

The heat of reaction for the combustion of titanium is 15240 kJ/mol

Answer: This reaction is called as Chemiluminescence. A type of reaction in which light is produced due to chemical reaction. While in case of Phosphorescence and Fluorescence light is emitted due to absorption of photons.

Explanation: i looked the answer up but your welcomee ❤

Final answer:

Luminol undergoes a chemiluminescent reaction that produces light when it reacts with hydrogen peroxide and a catalyst, often used in forensic science to detect blood.

Explanation:

Luminol goes through a chemiluminescent reaction, which refers to a process where a chemical reaction produces a molecule in an excited state. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide and a catalyst, such as the iron found in hemoglobin, luminol reacts to generate 3-aminophthalate in an excited state, emitting a bluish light. This reaction is highly valuable in forensic science for the detection of blood.

Chemiluminescence is a phenomenon where the energy from a chemical reaction is released as light. This reaction is possible because certain chemicals, like peroxide and ozone used in chemiluminescent reactions, contain unstable or energetic chemical bonds. The process is a rare occurrence in chemical reactions and is a direct transduction of chemical energy into radiant energy.

Final answer:

The number of particles in a mole is far greater than the number of grains of sand on Earth's beaches, showcasing the mole's significance in representing vast quantities of atoms or molecules in chemistry.

Explanation:

When comparing the number of grains of sand on Earth’s beaches to the number of particles in a mole, it becomes evident that a mole represents a vastly larger quantity. The number of particles in a mole is 6.022x10²³, which dwarfs the estimated 7.5x10¹¸ grains of sand on Earth's beaches. This expansive difference illustrates that the mole is an incredibly large unit, used to easily convey numbers of particles or atoms that would otherwise be incomprehensible in scale. A mole's enormity is further illustrated by examples such as a mole of paper sheets extending more than a million times the distance from the Earth to the Sun, or a mole of sand filling a cube about 32 kilometers on a side. Therefore, the number of particles in a mole is far greater than the number of grains of sand on Earth’s beaches, highlighting the mole's utility in chemistry for working with the huge numbers of atoms and molecules involved in even small chemical samples.

The number of particles in a mole is about  [tex]\(7.5 \times 10^{18}\),[/tex] (blank) the number of grains of sand on Earth’s beaches.

The number of particles in a mole, also known as Avogadro's number, is approximately [tex]\(6.022 \times 10^{23}\).[/tex]

Comparing this to the estimated number of sand grains on Earth's beaches, which is on the order of [tex]\(7.5 \times 10^{18}\),[/tex]  we can conclude that the number of particles in a mole is significantly larger than the number of sand grains on Earth's beaches.

In fact, the number of particles in a mole is approximately 80 million times greater than the number of sand grains on Earth's beaches.

This stark difference highlights the immense size of a mole, indicating that it represents an enormous quantity of particles.

Therefore, a mole encompasses an incredibly large number of particles, underscoring its importance in chemistry and the sciences.

Answer:

Explanation:

Diiodine pentoxide is I₂O₅

Reaction with water

I₂O₅ + H₂O = 2HIO₃

2 )   HIO₃  is called iodic acid.

Final answer:

Nonmetal oxides react with water to form acids. One example is the reaction of diiodine pentaoxide with water to produce iodic acid.

Explanation:

Nonmetal oxides react with water to form acids. One example is the reaction of diiodine pentaoxide with water to produce iodic acid.

(1) Equation:

Diiodine pentaoxide + Water → 2HI + HIO3

(2) Acid Name:

Iodic acid

Answer:

1. 4FeCl3 + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3 + 6Cl2

2. 6 moles of Cl2

Explanation:

1. The balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below:

4FeCl3 + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3 + 6Cl2

2. Determination of the number of mole of Cl2 produce when 4 moles of FeCl3 react with 4 moles. To obtain the number of mole of Cl2 produced, we must determine which reactant is the limiting reactant.

This is illustrated below:

From the balanced equation above,

4 moles of FeCl3 reacted with 3 moles of O2.

Since lesser amount of O2 (i.e 3 moles) than what was given (i.e 4 moles) is needed to react completely with 4 moles of FeCl3, therefore FeCl3 is the limiting reactant and O2 is the excess reactant.

Finally, we can obtain the number of mole Cl2 produced from the reaction as follow:

Note: the limiting reactant is used as it will produce the maximum yield of the reaction since all of it is used up in the reaction.

From the balanced equation above,

4 moles of FeCl3 will react to produced 6 moles of Cl2.

Answer:

Rocky.

Explanation:

Jovian planets are giant gas balls not unlike the SUN although they have a small rocky central core. Pluto is a rock ice planet---more like Europa, a satellite of Jupiter. In fact, Pluto is probably the largest of the so-called KUIPER BELT objects

Answer:

0.22 atm.

Explanation:

Acetyl bromide is a Chemical compound with molar mass of 122.95 g/mol and chemical formula of C2H3BrO. Acetyl bromide has a density of 1.66 g/cm³ and it is often classified as a volatile organic compound.

Chloroform is a Chemical compound with molar mass of 119.38 g/mol and chemical formula of CHCl₃.

So, let us delve right into the Calculations of the question above;

The number of moles of Acetyl bromide, C2H3BrO = mass/molar mass = 51.8/ 122.95 = 0.421 moles.

The number of moles of Chloroform, CHCl₃ = mass/ molar mass = 123/119.38 = 1.03 moles.

Total moles = 1.03 moles + 0.421 moles= 1.4513 moles.

Mole fraction of Acetyl bromide= 0.421 moles/1.4513 moles = 0.2901

Partial Pressure = 0.2901 × 0.75= 0.2176 atm.

= 0.22 atm.

Final answer:

To calculate the partial pressure of acetyl bromide in a solution, Raoult's Law is applied, but specific values are necessary for an exact calculation. Without these values, a general explanation of the methodology is provided.

Explanation:

To calculate the partial pressure of acetyl bromide in a solution with chloroform, we use Raoult's Law, which states the partial vapor pressure of a component in a mixture is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture. The equation for Raoult's Law is Pi = Xi * P0i, where Pi is the partial pressure of the component i, Xi is the mole fraction of the component i in the liquid phase, and P0i is the vapor pressure of the pure component i. However, the question does not provide specific values for the initial vapor pressure of acetyl bromide or the quantities of acetyl bromide and chloroform, making it impossible to calculate the exact partial pressure without these inputs. Typically, you would calculate the mole fraction of acetyl bromide by dividing the moles of acetyl bromide by the total moles of solution and then use Raoult's Law to find the partial pressure of acetyl bromide vapor.

Answer:

SiH4 is nonpolar and BBr3 is nonpolar and SiF4 is nonpolar.

Explanation:

SiH4 is a non-polar compound. Though the Si–H bonds are polar, as a result of different electronegativities of Si and H. However, as there are 4 electron repulsions around the central Si atom, the polar bonds are arranged symmetrically around the central atom having a tetrahedral shape hence they cancel out making the compound nonpolar.

SiF4 is a nonpolar molecule because the fluorine atoms are arranged symetrically around the central silicon atom in a tetrahedral molecule with all of the regions of negative charge cancelling each other out just like in SiH4.

The 3 bromine atoms all lie in the same plane thus the geometry of the compound will be trigonal planar. The BBr3 will be non polar because the three B-Br bonds will cancel out each others' dipole moment given that they are in the same plane.

A non-polar chemical is SiH4. Despite the fact that the Si-H bonds are polar, this is because Si and H have differing electronegativities.

Thus, The polar bonds are symmetrically organized around the center Si atom, which has a tetrahedral form, and thus cancel out because there are four electron repulsions around it, rendering the combination nonpolar.

Because the fluorine atoms are symmetrically positioned around the center silicon atom in a tetrahedral molecule with all of the negative charge regions canceling each other out, SiF4 is a nonpolar molecule and electronegativities.

The geometry of the compound will be trigonal planar since all three bromine atoms are located in the same plane. The three B-Br bonds will cancel, making the BBr3 non-polar.

Thus, A non-polar chemical is SiH4. Despite the fact that the Si-H bonds are polar, this is because Si and H have differing electronegativities.

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Answer: c: The temperature decreases because the most energetic molecules escape

Explanation:

Evaporation is surface phenomenon in which liquid molecules gain energy from surrounding molecules and thus these high energy molecules escape from the surface in the form of vapors thus leaving low energy molecules in the system. As the kinetic energy of the left molecules decreases, the temperature of the molecules decreases as kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature. Thus low temperature results in cooling of the system.

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Absorption of 1.0 rad of gamma radiation would likely cause the greatest tissue damage due to its high energy and penetration ability.

The amount of tissue damage caused by radiation depends on various factors, including the type of radiation and its energy level.

Alpha particles are relatively heavy and highly ionizing, but they have low penetration power, so they are generally less damaging to tissues externally but can be more damaging if ingested or inhaled.

Beta particles have less mass and energy compared to alpha particles and can penetrate deeper into tissues, potentially causing more damage.

Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation with high energy and penetration power. They can penetrate deeply into tissues, causing damage along their path.

Considering these factors, absorption of 1.0 rad of gamma radiation would likely result in the greatest tissue damage due to its high energy and penetration ability.

Answer:

The limiting reactant is Carbon dioxide, [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]

Explanation:

The balanced reaction equation is:

[tex]2NH_{3} + CO_{2}[/tex] → [tex]CH_{4} N_{2} O + H_{2} O[/tex]

The mole ratio of ammonia to carbon dioxide is 2:1

142100/17g = 8358.8 mol of NH3

211400/44g = 4, 804.5 mole of CO2

Now:

4,804.5 mol of CO2 × [tex]\frac{2 mol NH_{3} }{1 molCO_{2} }[/tex] = 9,609 mol of NH3  present

8,358.8 mole of NH3 × [tex]\frac{1 moleCO_{2} }{2moles NH_{3} }[/tex] = 4,179.4 mol of CO2 present

NH3 needs 8, 358.8 moles but had 9, 609 moles⇒ excess reactant

CO2 needs 4, 804,5 mol but had 4, 179.4 moles⇒ limiting reactant (used up completely)

The limiting reactant is carbon dioxide, CO2.

Ammonia is the limiting reactant in the synthesis of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide.

The reaction between ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) produces urea (CH4N2O) and water (H2O) according to the balanced equation: 2NH3(aq) + CO2(aq) → CH4N2O(aq) + H2O(l).

To determine the limiting reactant, we need to compare the amount of each reactant used to the amount of urea produced. From the given information, 142.1 kg of ammonia and 211.4 kg of carbon dioxide react to produce 171.4 kg of urea.

We can use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the theoretical yield of urea from both reactants:

Since the actual yield of urea is 171.4 kg, which is less than both the theoretical yields from ammonia and carbon dioxide, the limiting reactant is ammonia (NH3).

Therefore, the limiting reactant is ammonia (NH3).

The cathode is where reduction occurs, it's regarded as the 'positive' electrode, and in electrochemical cells, it's where metal is plated out. Negative ions do not necessarily flow toward the cathode.

In an electrochemical cell, some statements are always true for the cathode. The cathode is considered the "positive" electrode in the cell, it is where the reduction reaction (gain of electrons) occurs, and it is the location where metal is plated out (in electrolytic cells). Negative ions do not flow toward the cathode; ions flow based on their charge and the charge of the electrode. Positive ions (cations) move toward the cathode.

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Answer: [H3O+]= 0.05 M

Explanation:

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