Answer:
Explanation:
In atoms, there are a total of four quantum numbers: the principal quantum number (n), the orbital angular momentum quantum number (l), the magnetic quantum number (ml), and the electron spin quantum number (ms).
The Hydrogen ion has no electron to begin with, so upon adding five electrons, it's electronic configuration becomes;
Is2 2s2 2p1
The principal quantum number (n) = 2 (Second energy level)
The value of l is dependent on the principal quantum number n. Unlike n, the value of l can be zero. It can also be a positive integer, but it cannot be larger than one less than the principal quantum number (n-1):
Hence, l = 2-1 = 1
The magnetic quantum number ml determines the number of orbitals and their orientation within a subshell. Since ml must range from –l to +l, then ml can be: --1, 0, or 1.
Unlike n, l, and ml, the electron spin quantum number ms does not depend on another quantum number. It designates the direction of the electron spin and may have a spin of +1/2, represented by↑, or –1/2, represented by ↓
The targets used in the alpha particle atomic experiments in the early 1900's were
What minimum volume of 0.200 m potassium iodide solution is required to completely precipitate all of the lead in 155.0 ml of a 0.112 m lead (ii) nitrate solution?
The minimum volume of 0.200 M potassium iodide required to completely react with 155.0 mL of 0.112 M lead nitrate is 173.6 mL. The larger volume is needed due to the 2:1 stoichiometry in their reaction equation, resulting in a yellow precipitate of lead iodide.
Explanation:This question is about a precipitation reaction between potassium iodide and lead (II) nitrate. The reactant in a solution will react until it is entirely consumed, forming a solid precipitate called lead iodide. As given by the balanced chemical equation, 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq), one molecule of lead nitrate reacts with two molecules of potassium iodide. Because all the reagents are in solution, we calculate amounts in moles using their molarities (M) and volumes (L).
Let's denote the required volume of potassium iodide solution as 'V'. Therefore, the number of moles in the required potassium iodide solution would be (0.200 M * V). Similarly, the number of moles in the given volume of lead nitrate solution is (0.112 M * 155.0 mL = 0.01736 moles). Since the reaction ratio is 2:1, we need twice the amount of potassium iodide for each mole of lead nitrate. Consequently, 2 * 0.01736 moles of potassium iodide are required. Solving the equation 0.200 M * V = 2 * 0.01736, gives the minimum volume 'V' required as 0.1736 L or 173.6 mL.
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Engineers often attempt to capture and reuse energy or to use renewable resources to minimize harm to the environment. This is referred to as
Calculate how many grams of o2(g) can be produced from heating 87.4 grams of kclo3(s).
Final answer:
By applying stoichiometry and molar mass conversions, it is determined that heating 87.4 grams of KClO₃(s) will produce 34.24 grams of O₂(g).
Explanation:
Calculating Grams of Oxygen Gas from Potassium Chlorate Decomposition
To determine how many grams of O₂(g) can be produced by heating 87.4 grams of KClO₃(s), we need to understand the stoichiometry of the chemical reaction involved. The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of potassium chlorate (KClO₃) is:
2 KClO₃(s) → 2 KCl(s) + 3 O₂(g)
Using the molar masses: 1 mol KClO₃ = 122.55 g/mol and 1 mol O₂ = 32.00 g/mol, we can calculate the amount of oxygen gas produced from the given mass of potassium chlorate.
Convert the mass of KClO₃ to moles:
(87.4 g KClO₃) × (1 mol KClO₃ / 122.55 g KClO₃) = 0.713 moles of KClO₃
Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find moles of O₂ produced:
(0.713 moles KClO₃) × (3 moles O₂ / 2 moles KClO₃) = 1.070 moles of O₂
Convert moles of O₂ to grams:
(1.070 moles O₂) × (32.00 g/mol O₂) = 34.24 grams of O₂
Hence, 34.24 grams of O₂ can be produced from heating 87.4 grams of KClO₃(s).
A solution contains the ions ag+ , pb2+ and ni2+. dilute solutions of nacl, na2so4 and na2s are available to separate the positive ions from each other. in order to effect separation, the solutions must be added in which order?
Answer:
Sequence will be:
NaCl
Na₂SO₄
Na₂S
Explanation:
The silver ions get precipitated on addition of chloride ion as silver chloride.
So we will add NaCl in the first step.
The following reaction will occur.
[tex]Ag^{+}+Cl^{-}--->AgCl(s)[/tex]
Lead and nickel are soluble in sodium chloride (lead chloride and nickel chloride).
[tex]Pb^{+2}[/tex] will get precipitated as lead sulfate and nickel will remain soluble as nickel sulphate is soluble in water.
The reaction will be:
[tex]Pb^{+2}+2SO_{4}^{-2}--->PbSO_{4}(s)[/tex]
Then nickel will be precipitated as sulfide.
The reaction will be:
[tex]Ni^{+2}+2Cl^{-} ---->NiCl_{2}(s)[/tex]
Which units represent density? Select all that apply. -cm³ -g/m³ -g/cm³ -cm³/gm -kg/L -kg/cm³ -mL/cm³
Answer:
[tex]Kg/cm^3[/tex]
[tex]g/cm^3[/tex]
[tex] Kg/L[/tex]
[tex]g/m^3[/tex]
Explanation:
We know that density is defined as the mass per unit volume
[tex]Density=\frac{Mass}{volume}[/tex]
When mass in gram and volume in cubic centimeter
Then units of density is[tex]g/cm^3[/tex]
When mass is given in Kg and volume given in litre then unit of density
[tex] Kg/L[/tex]
When mass is given in gram and volume in meter then units of density is given by [tex]g/m^3[/tex]
When mass is given in kilogram and volume is given in cubic centimeter
Then, units of density is given by [tex]Kg/cm^3[/tex]
Why is distilled water added to the crucible after igniting the magnesium metal?
The reason why distilled water is being added to the crucible after having It to be ignited with the magnesium ribbon is mainly because it is needed to decompose the magnesium nitride to produce a more better result in the experiment and prevent it from reacting more vulgar such as having it to explode.
Answer:
To decompose the Mg3N and release ammonium gas
Explanation:
Distilled water is the pure state of water, without mixing with other substances and microorganisms. It is obtained through the distillation process. Even though it is clean water, it is not suitable for consumption, however it can have several other applications, such as being added to the crucible after ignition of the magnesium metal, because it allows the decomposition of Mg3N and release of ammonium gas, avoiding the emergence of explosions.
What functional feature(s) does the phosphate group contribute to the structure of a phospholipid? select all that apply. select all that apply. nonpolar group that avoids water negative charge to interact with water place to attach fatty acids place where bonds can form between adjoining phospholipids place to attach another small charged molecule?
Final answer:
Phosphate group in phospholipids contributes through nonpolar avoidance of water, negative charge for water interaction, and providing bonding sites for adjoining phospholipids.
Explanation:
The phosphate group contributes to the structure of a phospholipid in the following ways:
Nonpolar group that avoids water: The fatty acid tails are nonpolar and hydrophobic, which provides stability and structure to the phospholipid bilayer.
Negative charge to interact with water: The phosphate group is negatively charged, making it hydrophilic and allowing it to interact with water molecules.
Place where bonds can form between adjoining phospholipids: The phosphate groups can form bonds with adjacent phospholipids, contributing to the formation of the lipid bilayer.
He ionic compound magnesium chloride has ____________ chloride ions for every one magnesium ion.
Answer:
2
Explanation:
Which title of a poem is handwritten correctly?
a. "Afternoon on a Hill"
b. Afternoon on a Hill
c. Afternoon on a Hill
The correct way to write the title of a poem is by enclosing it in quotation marks, making option (a) "Afternoon on a Hill" the correct formatting for a handwritten poem title.
When formatting the title of a poem in writing, it should either be enclosed in quotation marks or italicized if typed, depending on the style guide being used. The three options given for the poem title 'Afternoon on a Hill' vary in formatting. Based on standard English conventions for titling creative works such as poems, the handwritten version of the poem title would be formatted using either quotation marks or italicization.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (a) "Afternoon on a Hill" as it follows the guideline of using quotation marks for the title of shorter works such as poems. Option (b) and option (c) are missing the necessary punctuation or formatting emphases that set apart the titles of creative works from the rest of the text.
Is the process of bananas ripening a chemical change or a physical change? explain?
During chemical change and the chemical property ripen banana which involve in a different steps like change in color of peel from green to yellow then to brown, in second step change in taste become more sweeter as they begin to ripen.
What are the difference between chemical and physical property ?Chemical properties of the substance which can be measured when the substance undergoes chemical change where as the Physical properties of the substance include without involvement of any chemical change.
A chemical reaction conducted to show the chemical property where as for the determination of physical property of a substance no chemical reaction occur.
In Chemical properties the compounds are formed by chemical bonds while in Physical properties the compounds do not give any relationship.
chemical property used to detect how substances react while physical property used in identifying or describing the substance.
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Write the full ground state electron configuration of co3+ in abbreviated form
You are handed a sample of an unknown silicate mineral. which two elements must it contain?
Metals experience plastic deformation when _____.
Final answer:
Metals experience plastic deformation when stress is applied beyond their elastic limit. Unlike rubber-like materials, metals show a gradual decrease in stress with increasing strain, making them malleable and ductile.
Explanation:
Metals experience plastic deformation when stress is applied beyond their elastic limit. Plastic deformation is an irreversible change in the shape and size of a material, even when the load is removed. Unlike rubber-like materials that become more difficult to stretch and eventually break, metals show a gradual decrease in stress with increasing strain, making them malleable and ductile.
When stress is applied to a metal, the free-flowing electrons can slip between the stationary cations and prevent them from coming into contact. This allows the metal to deform without breaking and enables processes like hammering into shapes, rolling into thin sheets, or pulling into thin wires.
If you were asked to add 50 mL of a stock solution to a reaction vessel, which piece of glassware would you use to obtain this volume of solution?
To measure and add 50 mL of a stock solution, a volumetric pipette or graduated cylinder should be used for accuracy and precision in chemical laboratory work, as volumetric flasks are not suitable for measuring out volumes other than their calibration capacity.
Explanation:If you need to add 50 mL of a stock solution to a reaction vessel, the most appropriate and precise piece of glassware to use would be ab this case. When dealing with stock solutions, it's important to use glassware that ensures precision to ensure the final concentrations of your solutions are accurate.
When mixing solutions or reagents, accuracy and precision are crucial, especially in a chemical laboratory or medical environment. For instance, preparing an IV solution with a specific concentration involves accurate measurements of the stock solution and addition of the solvent up to a desired volume. Misjudgements in the volume of stock solution added could alter the final concentration of the solution, which could have significant implications, for example, in medical applications.
Explain how the structure of lipids determines the polarity of the molecule
Final answer:
The polarity of a lipid molecule is influenced by its structure with a hydrophilic polar head and hydrophobic nonpolar tails, making it amphipathic, which explains its behavior in aqueous environments.
Explanation:
The polarity of lipid molecules is determined by their structure, which includes both polar and nonpolar parts. A typical phospholipid molecule has a polar phosphate head that is hydrophilic, meaning it is attracted to water, and nonpolar fatty acid tails that are hydrophobic, meaning they repel water and prefer to not be in contact with it. Phospholipids are amphipathic because they have these dual characteristics. Unsaturated fatty acids in the tails can create kinks that contribute to the fluidity and function. In water, phospholipids tend to arrange themselves into various structures like micelles, liposomes, or bilayers, with hydrophilic heads facing water and hydrophobic tails hidden away.
Pablo drove 260 miles using 12 gallons of gas. at this rate, how many gallons of gas would he need to drive 286 miles?
How much energy is needed to melt 25.4 grams of I2?
Hfus=61.7 J/g
Type the correct answer to 3 digits. If the answer has an exponent, type the number, then ^, then the exponent.
(The picture might make the question more clearer.)
The amount of energy need to melt 25.4 grams of iodine, I₂ is 1.57×10³ Joules
How to calculate the amount of energy needed to to melt the the iodine, I₂?
The following useful information were given from the question:
Mass of iodine, I₂ (m) = 25.4 gramsLatent heat of fusion (Hf) = 61.7 J/gHeat energy needed to melt the iodine, I₂ (Q) =?The amount of energy need to melt 25.4 grams of iodine, I₂ can be calculated as shown below:
Heat energy needed (Q) = Mass (m) × Latent heat of fusion (Hf)
= 25.4 grams × 61.7 J/g
= 1.57×10³ Joules
Thus, the amount of heat energy needed to melt the iodine,I₂ is 1.57×10³ Joules
Normal faults form ________stress, reverse faults form __________stress and strike-slip faults form___________stress.
The answers are ; tension, compression, and shear respectively
Normal faults are formed when the two crust are moving away from each other and the hanging wall block moves downwards due to gravity.
In reverse faults, the two crusts move towards each other hence producing compressional force. This causes the hanging wall block to move up with respect to the footwall block
In strike-slip faulting, the two crusts move across each other resulting in shear stress and causing a dip feature.
Normal faults are caused by tensional stress, reverse faults are formed by compressional stress, and strike-slip faults are formed by shear stress usually at divergent, convergent and transform boundaries respectively.
Explanation:Normal faults form due to tensional stress, which is when the crust is being pulled apart. This generally happens in divergent plate boundaries. On the other hand, reverse faults form due to compressional stress, where the crust is being pushed together, which generally occurs at convergent plate boundaries. The third category, strike-slip faults are formed because of shear stress, when different parts of the crust slide past each other in opposite directions, which usually occurs at transform boundaries.
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Use unit conversion to calculate the number of minutes in one week.
There are 10,080 minutes in one week. To calculate the number of minutes in one week, multiply the number of minutes in an hour (60) by the number of hours in a day (24), and then multiply that result by the number of days in a week (7).
Explanation:To calculate the number of minutes in one week using unit conversion, you first need to know how many minutes are in an hour, how many hours are in a day, and how many days are in a week. There are 60 minutes in an hour. In each day, there are 24 hours. Therefore, in one day, there are 60 x 24 = 1440 minutes. A week consists of 7 days, so to find out the number of minutes in a week, you would do 1440 x 7 = 10,080. So, there are 10,080 minutes in one week.
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A change that occurs when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances
Which is not a mixture? 1. table salt 2. apple juice 3. maple syrup 4. air
A cubic piece of metal measures 6.00 cm on each edge. If the metal is nickel, whose density is 8.90 g/cm3, what is the mass of the cube?
A cubic piece of metal measures 6.00 cm on each edge. If the metal is nickel, whose density is 8.90 g/cm3, then the mass of the cube would be 1922.4 grams.
What is density?It can be defined as the mass of any object or body per unit volume of the particular object or body. Generally, it is expressed as in gram per cm³ or kilogram per meter³.
By using the above formula for density
ρ = mass / volume
As given in the problem a cubic piece of metal measures 6.00 cm on each edge. If the metal is nickel, whose density is 8.90 g/cm³, then we have to find out the mass of the cube,
the edge of the cube = 6 centimeters
the volume of the cube = 6³ centimeter³
= 216 centimeter³
density = mass /volume
8.90 g/cm³=mass /216 cm³
mass of the cube = 216×8.90
mass of the cube = 1922.4 grams
Thus, the mass of the cube comes out to be 1922.4 grams
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Final answer:
To find the mass of the nickel cube, calculate the volume (216 cm³) and then multiply by the density of nickel (8.90 g/cm³), giving a mass of 1922.4 grams.
Explanation:
The student is asking about how to calculate the mass of a metal cube given the edge length and the density of the material, which in this case is nickel. To find the mass, you need to calculate the volume of the cube and then multiply by the density of nickel.
First, calculate the volume of the cube using the formula for the volume of a cube: V = edge length3. Here, the edge length is 6.00 cm, so V = 6.00 cm x 6.00 cm x 6.00 cm = 216.00 cm3.
Next, use the density of nickel which is 8.90 g/cm3 to find the mass: mass = density x volume. Substituting the values in gives you mass = 8.90 g/cm3 x 216.00 cm3 = 1922.4 grams.
An unknown molecule contains only carbon and sulfur, and it is 15.77% carbon by mass. what is the molecular geometry of this molecule?
We take as a basis for solving this item, 100 g of sample. If 15.77% of the sample is carbon, we solve for the amount of carbon in the sample,
Carbon = (100 g)(0.1577) = 15.77
Then, we solve for the amount sulphur in the sample by,
Sulfur = (100 g)(1 – 0.1577) = 84.23 g
Next, we solve for the number of moles of the elements by dividing the calculated masses by the molar mass.
Carbon = (15.77g)(1 mol/12 g) = 1.3 moles
Sulphur = (84.23 g)(1 mol/32 g) = 2.63 moles
From the ratio of the calculated number of moles, we can say that each mol of carbon will have to be paired up with two other sulphur atoms. Thus, the shape of the molecule is LINEAR.
Describe the relationship between pure chemistry and applied chemistry
Pure chemistry involves the study of the basic principles and theories of chemistry while applied chemistry uses these principles to solve real-world problems or develop new products. They are interconnected in the sense that advancements in pure chemistry can lead to new opportunities in applied chemistry and vice versa.
Explanation:The relationship between pure chemistry and applied chemistry is similar to that of theory and practice. Pure chemistry, also known as basic chemistry, is the study of the basic principles and theories of chemistry for the sake of knowledge itself. It seeks to understand the fundamental principles that explain how matter behaves and interacts. Examples include studying chemical reactions, the properties of elements, and how atoms form compounds.
On the other hand, applied chemistry utilizes these principles to solve real-world problems or develop new products. For instance, an applied chemist might work on creating new material, developing new drugs, improving environmental sustainability, or advancing food science.
In essence, applied chemistry is an application of pure chemistry. Both fields are interconnected; advancements in pure chemistry can lead to new opportunities in applied chemistry and vice versa.
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Could you separate the sodium from the chlorine by crushing the salt crystals
If an atom had 7 electrons in second shell, it would need to ________ electron(s) to become stable.
This is formed when an atom loses an electron to another atom.
The half-life of radioactive element krypton-91 is 10 seconds. if 16 grams of krypton-91 are initially present, how many grams are present after 10 seconds? after 50 seconds?
After one half-life (10 seconds), 8 grams of krypton-91 will remain. After 50 seconds (or 5 half-lives), only 0.5 grams will be left.
Explanation:The question pertains to the concept of half-life in radioactive decay. Half-life is the time taken for half of the radioactive element to decay. With a half-life of 10 seconds, krypton-91 follows an exponential decay pattern. For example, if you start with 16 grams of krypton-91, after one half-life (10 seconds), half of it will decay, leaving you with 8 grams of krypton-91.
After 50 seconds or five half-lives, the remaining krypton-91 would be 16g * (1/2)^5 = 0.5 grams. It is important to note that the radioactive atoms don't disappear but are replaced by their decay products or daughter elements.
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An atom of magnesium has 12 protons and 12 electrons. if the atom loses 2 electrons, what will be the charge on the ion that forms? –10 +10 +2 –2
Answer:
The charge will be +2.
Explanation:
The atomic number of Mg is 12, so it has 12 protons.
The neutral atom of Mg has 12 electrons.
When an atom loses electrons it acquire positive charge.
The charge developed is equal to the number of electrons removed.
So the charge developed will be +2.
The equation will be:
[tex]Mg--->Mg^{+2}+2e[/tex]
A negative charge is developed when atom accepts electrons.