Identify the mass law that each observation demonstrates. a flashbulb contains magnesium and oxygen before use and magnesium oxide afterward, but its mass does not change.
Describe how functional groups affect an organic molecule's' chemical reactivity
If you have a substance, would it have the same density no matter what mass of the substance you have?
the elements that contain electrons in an F sublevel near the highest occupied energy level are referred to as?
A. Alkali metals
B. Alkali earth metals
C. transition metals
D. inner transmission levels
inner transition metals is your answer
The elements that contain electrons in an F sublevel near the highest occupied energy level are referred to as inner transition elements. Thus option D is correct.
What are orbitals?Orbitals are energy levels or regions in an atom where, there is a possibility of finding electrons. Electrons are filled in various orbitals from lower energy levels to higher energy levels.
There are 4 different orbitals namely s, p , d and f. Based on the energy level they can 1s, 2s, 2p, 3p and so on. The elements in periodic table are classified into 4 different blocks based on the orbitals of valence electrons.
If the valence electrons are filled in s orbital they are s-block elements containing metals and if they are filled in p orbital are p-block elements containing non metals.
Elements whose valence electrons fall in d-orbital are called d-block elements or transition metals and those having valence electrons in f orbital are f-block elements and they are called as inner transition elements.
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Which describes the reaction of a substance to form one or more new substances? a physical change a change of state a chemical change?
Chemical change would be the answer.
Which bond from each set is the longest N-O or N=O
Answer:
N-O is longer
Explanation:
Length of a covalent bond decreases with increase in electron density between two bonded atoms. Because increase in electron density produces more negative charge density between two bonded atoms. Hence this negative charge density strongly attract positively charged bonded nucleus towards itself.Electron density in a covalent bond increases if there exists pi bond along with a sigma bond. Higher the number of pi bonds, higher will be electron density.Therefore bond in N=O is more electron dense. Hence N=O bond is shorter and N-O is longer.An atom containing 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons has a mass number of
Final answer:
An atom containing 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons has a mass number of 107, calculated by summing the number of protons and neutrons.
Explanation:
The mass number of an atom is defined as the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons within the atom's nucleus. Given an atom with 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons, we can calculate its mass number by adding the number of protons and the number of neutrons:
Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons = 47 + 60 = 107.
Therefore, the atom with 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons has a mass number of 107.
What is the molar mass of iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3)
159.7 is the correct answer.
Under certain conditions, neon (Ne) gas diffuses at a rate of 4.5 centimeters per second. Under the same conditions, an unknown gas diffuses at a rate of 10.1 centimeters per second. What is the approximate molar mass of the unknown gas?
Answer: 4 g/mol
Explanation:
To calculate the rate of diffusion of gas, we use Graham's Law.
This law states that the rate of diffusion of gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass of the gas. The equation given by this law follows:
[tex]\text{Rate of diffusion}\propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\text{Molar mass of the gas}}}[/tex]
Molar mass of neon = 20 g/mol
Molar mass of unknown gas = ?g/mol
For the rate of diffusion of neon to unknown gas (X), we write the expression:
[tex]\frac{Rate_{Ne}}{Rate_{X}}=\sqrt{\frac{M_{X}}{M_{Ne}}}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{4.5}{10.1}=\sqrt{\frac{M_{X}}{20}[/tex]
[tex]{M_{X}}=4g/mol[/tex]
Hence, the approximate molar mass of the unknown gas is 4 g/mol
Name an element that has similar to silver in the periodic table
Elements which have similar properties to silver are copper and gold as they are present in the same group.
Why are properties similar along a group?Properties depend on the number of valence electrons an element possesses.Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons as for every new element in a group a new shell is added, although the number of valence electrons is same.
Since, the number of valence electrons for all elements in a group is same ,elements in the group have similar properties.Only the size of the atom increases down the group as a successive shell is added for every element which increases the distance between valence shell and nucleus.
The reactivity of elements depends on distance between valence electrons and nucleus.On moving down the group , reactivity increases as the distance between valence shell and nucleus increases.
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What does pure substance mean in chemistry?
This type of fatty acid contains more than one double bond in its hydrocarbon chain.
If a weak acid is 25% deprotonated at ph 4, what is the pka?if a weak acid is 25% deprotonated at ph 4, what is the pka?
Answer:
pKa = 4.5
Explanation:
The weak acid can be represented by the general formula, HA and the dissociation equilibrium given as:
[tex]HA \rightleftharpoons H^{+}+A^{-}[/tex]
where HA = protonated form
A- = deprotonated form
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a solution to the ratio of the concentrations of HA and A- as;
[tex]pH = pKa + log\frac{[A-]]}{[HA]]}-----(1)[/tex]
It is given that:
% deprotonated i.e. A- = 25%
Therefore, %protonated i.e. HA = 100 -25 = 75%
pH = 4
Based on equation (1)
[tex]4 = pKa + log\frac{[25]]}{[75]]} = pKa-0.477[/tex]
pKa = 4.477 i.e. around 4.5
The pKa of the weak acid is 5.07
Data;
pH = 4α = 25% = 0.25For Weak AcidsThe dissociation constant is given as
[tex]K_a = \frac{c\alpha ^2}{1-\alpha }\\[/tex]
The concentration of the acid can be calculated as
[tex]pH = -log [H^+]\\\\H^+ = 10^-^4\\H^+ = 1*10^-4M[/tex]
substitute the values into the equation above
[tex]Ka = \frac{1.0*10^-^4*0.25^2}{1-0.25}\\Ka = 8.33*10^-^6\\[/tex]
The pKa is calculated as
[tex]pKa = -logKa \\pKa = -log(8.33*10^-6)\\pKa = 5.07[/tex]
From the calculation above, the pKa of the weak acid is 5.07
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Tartaric acid is the white, powdery substance that coats sour candies such as sour patch kids. combustion analysis of a 12.01-g sample of tartaric acid-which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen-produced 14.08 g co2 and 4.32 g h2o. empirical formula
First we calculate the mass of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Mass of Carbon;
Molar mass of CO₂ is 44.009g/mol and molar mass of C = 12.011 g/mol
Mass of Carbon in 14.08g CO2₂ = 12.011/44.009 x 14.08 = 3.84
Mass Hydrogen;
Molar mass H₂O is 18.0015g/mol and molar mass of H is 1.008and H₂ = 2.016
Mass Hydrogen in 4.32g of H₂O = 2.016/18.0015 x 4.32 = 0.48
Mass of Oxygen
= total mas of tartaric acid – (mass of carbon + mass of hydrogen) = 12.01 -
(3.84+0.48) = 7.69
Now divide carbon, hydrogen and oxygen through
their respective atomic masses:
C = 3.84/12.011 = 0.32
H = 0.48/1.008 = 0.48
O = 7.69/15.999 = 0.48
Now divide by smallest:
C = 0.32/0.32 = 1
H = 0.48/0.32 = 1.5
O = 0.48/0.32 = 1.5
multiply by 2 to get whole integers:
C = 1 x 2 = 2
H= 1.5 x 2 = 3
O= 1.5 x 2 = 3
Thus, the Empirical formula of tartaric acid =
C₂H₃O₃
The empirical formula for tartaric acid is C₂H₃O₃.
First, let's summarize the problem: A 12.01-g sample of tartaric acid produces 14.08 g of CO₂ and 4.32 g of H₂O upon combustion.
1. Calculate the moles of carbon in CO₂.
Mass of CO₂ produced: 14.08 g.
Molar mass of CO₂: 44.01 g/mol.
Moles of CO₂: 14.08 g / 44.01 g/mol = 0.320 mol CO₂.
Moles of C in CO₂: 0.320 mol × 1 mol C / 1 mol CO₂ = 0.320 mol C.
2. Calculate the moles of hydrogen in H₂O.
Mass of H₂O produced: 4.32 g.
Molar mass of H₂O: 18.02 g/mol.
Moles of H₂O: 4.32 g / 18.02 g/mol = 0.240 mol H₂O.
Moles of H in H₂O: 0.240 mol × 2 mol H / 1 mol H₂O = 0.480 mol H.
3. Calculate the mass of carbon and hydrogen in the original sample.
Mass of C: 0.320 mol × 12.01 g/mol = 3.84 g.
Mass of H: 0.480 mol × 1.008 g/mol = 0.48 g.
4. Determine the mass and moles of oxygen in the original sample.
Mass of O: Total mass - (mass of C + mass of H) = 12.01 g - (3.84 g + 0.48 g) = 7.69 g.
Moles of O: 7.69 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.481 mol O.
5. Determine the empirical formula by finding the simplest whole number ratio.
Ratio of atoms: C = 0.320 mol, H = 0.480 mol, O = 0.481 mol.
Simplest ratio: Divide by the smallest number of moles (0.320).
C: 0.320 / 0.320 = 1, H: 0.480 / 0.320 = 1.5, O: 0.481 / 0.320 = 1.5.
Multiply by 2 to get whole numbers: C₂H₃O₃. This is the empirical formula.
Thus, the empirical formula of tartaric acid is C₂H₃O₃.
Complete question:
Tartaric acid is the white, powdery substance that coats sour candies such as sour patch kids. combustion analysis of a 12.01-g sample of tartaric acid-which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen-produced 14.08 g co2 and 4.32 g h2o. Find the empirical formula for tartaric acid.
What effect does a solute have on the freezing and boiling points of the solution?
A dissolved solute raises the boiling point of a solvent.
You have three molecules of glucose (3C^6H^12O^6). How many carbon atoms do you have?
If three molecules of hydrogen react with one molecule of nitrogen how many molecules of ammonia would be formed?
Answer : The number of molecules of ammonia formed would be, 2.
Explanation :
As per question, when the hydrogen molecule react with nitrogen molecule then it gives ammonia as a product.
The balanced chemical reaction will be :
[tex]N_2(g)+3H_2(g)\rightarrow 2NH_3(g)[/tex]
By the stoichiometry we can say that, 1 mole of nitrogen gas react with 3 mole of hydrogen gas to give 2 mole of ammonia gas as product.
The number of molecules of nitrogen gas = 1
The number of molecules of hydrogen gas = 3
The number of molecules of ammonia gas = 2
Therefore, the number of molecules of ammonia formed would be, 2.
If two objects have the same mass, what must be true? choose the correct answer A. They have the same volume B. They are made of the same material C. they contain the same amount of matter D. They have the same density
If two objects have the same mass, it means they contain the same amount of matter.
Explanation:The correct answer is C. they contain the same amount of matter.
If two objects have the same mass, it means they have the same amount of matter. Mass is a measure of the amount of material within an object, and objects with the same mass have the same quantity of atoms and molecules. The other options, such as volume, material, and density, can vary between objects with the same mass.
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What can the vast majority of elements in the periodic table be classified?
One useful way is by metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. (See also The Periodic Table: Families and Periods.) Most of the elements on the periodic table are classified as metals.
What is the most striking part of this simulation?
The name of the commonly used hardness scale is:
specific gravity
organic
Mohs
inorganic
Answer: Option (c) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Mohs scale is used to determine the hardness of a material or substance.
This scale includes ten materials and each of them are placed according to their hardness from bottom to top as follows.
Talc = 1Gypsum = 2Calcite = 3Fluorite = 4Apatite = 5Orthoclase = 6Quartz = 7Topaz = 8 Corundum = 9Diamond = 10Greater is the number, the hardest will be the substance, that is, according to Mohs scale diamond is the hardest substance and talc is the least hardest substance.
Thus, we can conclude that option (c) is the correct answer.
The appropriate mixing ratio for a solution to kill bloodborne pathogens is 1 part chlorine to 10 parts water. If you are mixing a solution in a spray bottle with 15 ounces of water, how much chlorine do you need to add for the correct ratio
Answer:
1.5 ounces of chlorine is needed.
Explanation:
Ratio of the solution = 1 part chlorine: 10 parts water
let the volume of chlorine required to make the solution be x
Volume of the water used on solution = 15 ounces
Ratio of chlorine to water will remain equal to the 1 part chlorine to 10 parts water:
[tex]\frac{x}{15 ounces}=\frac{1}{10}=1.5 ounces[/tex]
1.5 ounces of chlorine is needed.
What would happen if there was an increase in the amount of fossil fuels burned?
Can you help me with these 5 questions 5 pts each
Which electron dot diagram shows the bonding between 2 chlorine atoms?
What volume will 5.1×1022 atoms of ne occupy at stp?
First let us calculate the number of moles of Ne using Avogadros number.
number of moles = 5.1×10^22 atoms * (1 mole / 6.022x10^23 atoms)
number of moles = 0.08469 mole
At STP, a gas would occupy 22.4L/mole
V = (22.4L/mole) * 0.08469 mole
V = 1.90 L
5.1 × 10²² atoms of neon occupy approximately 1.9 liters at standard temperature and pressure (STP).
The calculation involves converting atoms to moles using Avogadro's number and then using the molar volume of 22.4 liters per mole.
The volume of Neon Gas at STP:
To find the volume occupied by a given number of atoms of neon (Ne) at standard temperature and pressure (STP), we can use the concept of molar volume. At STP, 1 mole of any ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters.
First, we need to determine the number of moles of neon corresponding to 5.1 × 10²² atoms of neon. Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³ atoms/mole) allows us to convert between atoms and moles:
Moles of Ne = (5.1 × 10²² atoms) / (6.022 × 10²³ atoms/mole) ≈ 0.0847 moles
Next, we use the molar volume of an ideal gas at STP to find the volume:
Volume (V) = moles of Ne × molar volume at STP
V = 0.0847 moles × 22.4 L/mole ≈ 1.9 liters
Therefore, 5.1 × 10²² atoms of neon will occupy approximately 1.9 liters at STP.
Atoms that have lost or gained one or more electrons are called ________.
Which quantity of heat is equal to 200. joules?
(1) 20.0 kJ (3) 0.200 kJ
When the salinity of a seawater sample changes, the ratio of the major salt ions does not change?
If an electron gains energy what may happen to it
When an electron gains energy, it can move to a higher energy level (excited state). The energy was provided by an external source like a photon. When the electron returns to its initial state (ground state), it releases this acquired energy, usually in the form of a photon.
Explanation:When an electron gains energy, it can move to an orbit with a higher energy level, a state referred to as an excited electronic state. This transition happens when an atom absorbs sufficient energy from an external source, such as a photon. According to the law of conservation of energy, the same amount of energy absorbed to excite the electron will be emitted when the electron returns to its initial state, usually in the form of a photon.
For instance, in Bohr's model of the atom, if the electron absorbs enough energy, it may move to an orbit farther from the nucleus, which requires additional energy. This energy can be obtained by absorbing electromagnetic radiation coming in contact with the atom.
When an electron transitions back to a less excited state or ground state, it emits energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation, like light or a photon, depending on the energy difference between the high and low energy state.
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