Answer:
d. an onblique muscle layer
Explanation:
The alimentary canal has four main layers:
Mucosa (innermost layer which surrounds the lumen), submucosa (connective tissue with blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves), muscular layer, serosa ( outermost layer of connective tissue).
Muscular layer is subdivided into:
• the inner- arranged in circular rings, prevents food from travelling backward
• outer layer- arranged longitudinally, shortens the tract.
The stomach has an extra layer called inner oblique muscular layer (churning function).
If one says that the clearance value of glucose is zero, what does this mean? Question options:Most of the glucose is filtered out of the blood and is not reabsorbed in the convoluted tubules.The clearance value of glucose is relatively high in a healthy adult.The glucose molecule is too large to be filtered out of the blood.Normally all the glucose is reabsorbed.
Normally all the glucose is reabsorbed.
Direct observation is the simplest and most effective method to determine population size. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
False. Direct observation is NOT the simplest and most effective method to determine population size.
Humid tropical climate regions are located _____.
By the equator and between the Tropic of Cancer and the TrOpic of Capricorn
Answer:
In the region(near to the equator) lying between Topic of Capricorn and Tropic of cancer.
Explanation:
Humid tropical climate regions are located near to the equator. These regions are located between the Topic of Capricorn and Tropic of cancer. The latitude for this region ranges between 10 degrees of south to 25 degrees of north.
For example – Humid tropical rain forest are found in East Indies, Amazon Basin and Equatorial Africa (Congo Basin).
When a virus infects a bacterial cell, often new viruses are assembled and released when the host bacterial cell is lysed. If these new viruses go on to infect new bacterial cells the host cells may not be lysed. What is the most plausible explanation for this? When a virus infects a bacterial cell, often new viruses are assembled and released when the host bacterial cell is lysed. If these new viruses go on to infect new bacterial cells the host cells may not be lysed. What is the most plausible explanation for this? The bacterial cell must be resistant to infection by the virus. The virus has entered the genome of the bacterial cell and is in the lysogenic stage. The virus carries genes that confer resistance to the host bacterial cell. The host bacterium couples the viral infection with transformation.
The correct answer is: The virus has entered the genome of the bacterial cell and is in the lysogenic stage
Lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle are types of a bacteriophage’s life cycle.
Lytic cycle can be divided in stages:
• Attachment-viruses binds to the receptor on the surface of bacterial cell, usually it uses tail for the attachment
• Entrance-virus injects its genome material (DNA or RNA) into bacteria cell
• Replication and protein synthesis-virus uses mechanism of bacteria to replicate its genome and produce proteins. As a consequence, a huge number of new viruses are formed
• Lysis- viruses express protein for the bacterial lysis (bacterial cell expand and burst) and hundreds of new phages are released.
Lysogenic cycle is different: bacteriophage’s genetic material-prophage, integrates into the host bacterium's genome or forms circular replicon in the bacterial cytoplasm. Bacterium continues to live and reproduce normally but prophage can be transmitted to daughter cells.
How do vaccines prevent disease?
Answer:
Vaccines introduce an attenuated form of the virus or bacteria into the body.
Explanation:
Vaccines introduce an attenuated form of the virus or bacteria into the body, meaning the virulence of the virus or bacteria has been negated. Introduction of this attenuated form enables the immune cells to easily eliminate the pathogen even without getting diseased and later have memory (in memory B and T cells) so that in case of a real infection, it is easily eradicated.
Please help as soon as possible! :)
Hypothesis
Select an option for each scenario:
If the subject without diabetes eats a high-carb food such as the candy bar or orange smoothie, then the blood glucose levels will (increase/decrease/stay the same) after a three-hour digestion period.
If the subject without diabetes eats a low-carb food such as the cheese or peanuts, then the blood glucose levels will (increase/decrease/stay the same) after a three-hour digestion period.
If the subject with type 1 diabetes eats a high-carb food such as the candy bar or orange smoothie, then the blood glucose levels will (increase/decrease/stay the same) after a three-hour digestion period.
If the subject with type 1 diabetes eats a low-carb food such as the cheese or peanuts, then the blood glucose levels will (increase/decrease/stay the same) after a three-hour digestion period.
1. The right answer is stay the same.
In a healthy subject, a diet rich in sugar (such as starch and fast sugars) increases blood sugar in the first two hours after ingestion and then stabilizes after the third hour with the action of the patient. insulin which has a hypoglycemic action. But over time the pancreas (the organ that secretes insulin) will get tired over time if these foods are eaten excessively.
2. The right answer is stay the same.
In a healthy person, a diet of low-sugar foods (such as fiber) does not increase blood glucose (or very little) and helps maintain normal blood glucose levels. These foods are good for the health because they preserve the pancreas as long as there is not much solicitude by the presence of a hause of glucose in the blood.
3. The right answer is increase.
In a type 1 diabetic patient, the pancreas does not secrete insulin appropriately, and this is due to self-destruction of the organ by the immune system (autoimmune disease). This implies that during the ingestion of foods rich in sugars, the blood sugar will be hard to regain its normal level, that is why it remains elevated after three hours after ingestion.
4. The right answer is stay the same.
Foods low in carbohydrates are very good for the health and is recommended in the subjects diabetic (type 1 and 2) and even for the healthy subjects to avoid the appearance of the diabetes afterwards. These foods help diabetics to have controlled blood glucose levels when their degradation does not give glucose.
If a person without diabetes eats a high-carb food, their blood glucose levels will increase, while low-carb foods will keep their glucose levels the same. For a person with type 1 diabetes, high-carb foods will also increase their glucose levels, while low-carb foods will keep them the same.
Explanation:The blood glucose levels will increase after a three-hour digestion period if the subject without diabetes eats a high-carb food such as a candy bar or orange smoothie. This is because high-carb foods contain a large amount of carbohydrates, which are broken down into glucose during digestion. Without diabetes, the body can produce enough insulin to regulate the increased glucose levels.
On the other hand, if the subject without diabetes eats a low-carb food such as cheese or peanuts, the blood glucose levels will stay the same after a three-hour digestion period. Low-carb foods contain minimal carbohydrates, so there is not a significant increase in glucose levels.
For the subject with type 1 diabetes, if they eat a high-carb food such as a candy bar or orange smoothie, the blood glucose levels will increase after a three-hour digestion period. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to regulate glucose effectively.
Lastly, if the subject with type 1 diabetes eats a low-carb food such as cheese or peanuts, the blood glucose levels will stay the same after a three-hour digestion period. Low-carb foods do not cause a significant increase in glucose levels and do not require much insulin for regulation.
What is an ADVANTAGE of sexual reproduction?
A) Two parents are required
B) One parent is required
C) It leads to genetically diverse offspring
D) It leads to genetically identical offspring
C) It leads to genetically diverse offspring is your answer.
Genetic diversity allows the passing down of traits that are likely to increase chances of survival, such as immunity to certain diseases. However, genetic diversity cannot be confused with evolution, as evolution can only lead to deterioration of the being, rather then adaptability & survivability.
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Define gas exchange and distinguish between a respiratory medium and a respiratory surface
Answer: Hope this helps
GAS EXCHANGE: the intake of Oxygen and the expulsion of Carbon dioxide. In the capillaries of the alveoli, oxygen travels due to the concentration gradient into those capillaries. Carbon dioxide is then expelled from those capillaries.
RESPIRATORY MEDIUM: is air for animals and water for fish. It is basically the substance through with living animals receive their oxygen.
RESPIRATORY SURFACE: is where the gaseous exchange takes place. The oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the respiratory surface entirely by diffusion.
Today, it's widely accepted that all of the two-legged meat-eating dinosaurs known as theropods— including t. rex and albertosaurus—had at least very simple fuzzy feathers covering their bodies. according to the tree you built, what distinguishes the feathers of modern birds and archaeopteryx from the feathers of other theropods?
Answer:
I got this question to its actually shaft
Can recipients with blood type A or B receive a blood transfusion from a type O donor?
A) Yes, because type O blood has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
B) Yes, because type O blood has neither A nor B antigens
the answer is A since O has both anti-bodies
Although fats are an important component of a healthy diet, overconsumption of some types of fats may cause heart disease. Which fats are considered to be heart-healthy? A. saturated fats B. unsaturated fats C. trans fats D. cholesterol
B- unsaturated fats
because it reduces cholesterol levels.
Answer:
B. unsaturated fats
Explanation:
Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds in their structure. The unsaturated fats are considered good for the heart as they serve to reduce the blood cholesterol level.
The higher blood cholesterol level can cause many cardiovascular disorders. By lowering down its blood level, unsaturated fats allow the heart to stay healthy.
a jackelope breeder wants to breed a short but fast jackalope and selects the shortest 10% of the jackalopes in the herd and breeds them with the 10% fastest but after many generations, the resulting jackalopes are neither shorter nor faster. what is one possible explanation for this result?
At which boundary does subduction stop occurring, resulting in a mountain range?
Final answer:
The jackalope breeder's lack of success is likely due to genetic factors like independent inheritance of traits, inbreeding depression, and the complexity of multiple gene interactions, as well as the potential influence of natural selection. Selecting a small percentage of traits can result in unexpected outcomes due to genetic drift and environmental changes affecting the traits' fitness.
Explanation:
A possible explanation for the jackalope breeder's failure to produce jackalopes that are both shorter and faster could be due to the complexities of genetic inheritance. When the breeder selects only the shortest 10% of jackalopes and crossbreeds them with the fastest 10%, they may be overlooking important genetic factors. For instance, the genes responsible for short stature and speed could be inherited independently of each other, meaning that breeding for one trait does not guarantee the inheritance of the other. Moreover, inbreeding within such a small percentage of the population can lead to inbreeding depression, where harmful recessive traits become more common and result in a lack of fitness in offspring. Furthermore, if the traits are not strictly hereditary, or if there is a trade-off between speed and size that is not accounted for, this could make it impossible to achieve the desired outcome. Other factors, such as genetic drift or a changing environment, could also play a role in disrupting the selection process.
Natural selection may have also played a part in this scenario. If the size and speed traits selected by the breeder do not confer an advantage in their environment, or if they are linked to traits that decrease overall fitness, these traits may not proliferate in the population despite the breeder's efforts. It's also possible that the traits the breeder is selecting for might be controlled by multiple genes, which complicates selective breeding efforts and can result in unexpected phenotypes after several generations. Additionally, the artificial selection imposed by the breeder might be counteracted by natural selection acting on the broader genetic pool.
The contractile organelles of a skeletal muscle fiber are thread-like structures called
The contractile organelles of a skeletal muscle fiber are thread-like structures called myofibrils.
Myofibrils are long protein filaments within the muscle cell (myocytes) responsible for contraction. Actin and myosin are myofibrils that slide past one another and thus change the length and the shape of muscle cell.
Myofibrils contain contractile proteins, regulatory proteins
and structural proteins and a huge amount of mitochondria around them.
The thread-like contractile organelles in a skeletal muscle fiber are known as myofibrils. They run parallel to the muscle fiber and attach at the ends to the plasma membrane, or sarcolemma. As myofibrils shorten, they cause muscle contraction.
Explanation:The contractile organelles of a skeletal muscle fiber are primarily composed of thread-like structures called myofibrils. These are long cylindrical organelle found inside skeletal muscle fibers. Each muscle fiber, which is in itself a skeletal muscle cell, can contain hundreds to thousands of myofibrils.
These myofibrils run parallel to the muscle fiber, attaching at their ends to the plasma membrane known as the sarcolemma. The contractile function of muscles is due to the shortening of these myofibrils resulting in the contraction of the entire muscle cell or skeletal muscle fiber.
Additional key organelles involved in muscle contraction are the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which stores, releases, and retrieves calcium ions, and the sarcomeres, which are composed of myofilaments - the proteins actin and myosin that play essential roles in muscle contraction.
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Why did NASA design the Lunar Prospector spacecraft to crash into the Moon?
It was designed to perform low polar orbit investigation in the moon. The mission ended on July 31, 1999, after scientists deliberately aimed Lunar Prospector to crash into a permanently shadowed area of a crater near the lunar South Pole.
Why malarial concepts called hypothesis?
When Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran discovered that malaria was caused by a protozoan parasite in 1880, the miasma theory began to subside. ... In the early 1890s Manson himself began to formulate the complete hypothesis, which he eventually called the mosquito-malaria theory.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of blood flow in reptiles and mammals?
A) left ventricle --> aorta --> lungs --> systemic circulation
B) right ventricle --> pulmonary vein --> pulmocutaneous circulation
C) pulmonary vein --> left atrium --> left ventricle --> pulmonary circuit
D) vena cava --> right atrium --> right ventricle --> pulmonary circuit
E) right atrium --> pulmonary artery --> left atrium --> ventricle
Answer:
D) vena cava --> right atrium --> right ventricle --> pulmonary circuit
Explanation:
The pulmonary circulation is part of circulatory system which carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart, to the lungs, and then returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Vena cava brings deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart-right atrium. From the right atrium, the blood is pumped through the tricuspid valve into right ventricle. Deoxygenated blood then leaves the heart from the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs, where carbon dioxide is released and oxygen is picked up during respiration (blood becomes oxygenated). The oxygenated blood leaves the lungs through pulmonary veins to the left atrium of the heart.
The correct sequence of blood flow in both reptiles and mammals starts from the vena cava moves to the right atrium then to the right ventricle and finally to the pulmonary circuit for oxygenation in the lungs.
Explanation:The correct sequence of blood flow in both reptiles and mammals is represented by option D: vena cava --> right atrium --> right ventricle --> pulmonary circuit.
This is because the blood, first carrying waste materials like carbon dioxide returns to the heart via the vena cava and enters the right atrium. It then passes into the right ventricle, which pumps the blood to the lungs via the pulmonary circuit (arteries). In the lungs gas exchange occurs where oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is released. Oxygenated blood then returns to the heart ready to be circulated throughout the body.
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The skin covering the human body consists of _____ layers. 6 4 3 2
the skin covering the human body consists of 2 layers.
which of the following particles is the fundamental unit of all matter, both living and nonliving ?
a)neuron
b)electron
c)atom
d)cell
Answer:
c)atom
Hope this answer correct :)
The fundamental unit of all matter is the atom, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Cells are the smallest units of life but not the fundamental unit of all matter. Electrons are fundamental subatomic particles known as leptons.
The fundamental unit of all matter, both living and nonliving, is the atom. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and consist of three main components: protons (positively charged), neutrons (neutral charge), and electrons (negatively charged). While cells are the basic building blocks of life, it is atoms that make up cells and everything else in the universe. Protons and neutrons form the atom's nucleus, which has a positive charge because of the protons. The electrons move around this nucleus in the electron cloud, attracted by the positive charge.
It's important to note that while cells are indeed the smallest independently functioning biological units in an organism, they are not the fundamental unit of all matter. Additionally, the electron is an example of a fundamental subatomic particle, specifically a lepton, which is different from the composite particles like neutrons that contain quarks.
PLeaseee answer i have 20 min left, If p = 0.65, what is q?
a, .65
b, .35
c, .55
if a dna molecule is made up of 30% thymine what percent of it would be guanine
20% would be guanine.
All 4 bases must equal 100.
30 thymine+30 adenine=60
100-60=40 of guanine and cytosine
40÷2=20 is just guanine
How are microtubules thought to affect cell shape in plants? Microtubules of the plant cell cortex are thought to affect the movement of cellulose-synthesizing enzymes in the cell membrane, which, in turn, affect cell wall growth and shape. Microtubules of the plant cell vacuole are thought to affect the movement of cellulose-synthesizing enzymes in the cell membrane, which, in turn, affect cell wall growth and shape. Microtubules of the plant cell cortex are thought to affect the movement of lipid-synthesizing enzymes in the cell membrane, which, in turn, affect cell wall growth and shape. Microtubules of the plant cell wall are thought to affect the movement of cellulose-synthesizing enzymes in the cell membrane, which, in turn, affect cell wall growth and shape. 5. Microtubules of the plant cell nucleus are thought to affect the movement of cellulose-synthesizing enzymes in the cell membrane, which, in turn, affect cell wall growth and shape.
The correct answer is: Microtubules of the plant cell cortex are thought to affect the movement of cellulose-synthesizing enzymes in the cell membrane, which, in turn, affect cell wall growth and shape.
Plants have the ability to control the direction of cell expansion as a way of shaping growth. Microtubules are structures that help them to regulate the direction of growth. For example, transverse microtubules within the plant cell have the role to constrain the movement of cellulose synthase complexes that are essential for elongation growth.
Maxwell shoots a rubber band at his friend Jimmy. Which type of energy is converted into kinetic energy?
Elastic potential energy is converted to kinetic energy
How does Earth’s tilt affect climate?
The larger the tilt, the smaller the temperature difference is between summer and winter.
The smaller the tilt, the smaller the temperature difference is between summer and winter.
The larger the tilt, the warmer the summer.
The smaller the tilt, the warmer the summer.
bc the more the earth tilts the farther away that part of the earth gets from the sun so therefor its not goin to be as hot over there
Earth's tilt affects climate by influencing the seasonal temperature. A larger tilt leads to warmer summers and colder winters due to more extreme variations in sunlight received, while a smaller tilt results in less drastic temperature differences between seasons.
The tilt of Earth's axis affects climate by contributing to the seasonal differences in temperature and climate patterns. A larger tilt means that the hemisphere tilting towards the Sun will experience more direct sunlight during summer, leading to warmer summers and colder winters as more energy is absorbed. Conversely, when the hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun during winter, it receives less direct sunlight, resulting in colder temperatures. A smaller tilt, on the other hand, would result in smaller temperature differences between summer and winter because the variation in sunlight received would be less extreme.
In summary, the correct statements regarding Earth's tilt and its effect on climate are:
The larger the tilt, the warmer the summer.
The smaller the tilt, the smaller the temperature difference is between summer and winter.
A routine scan of an elderly man reveals partial occlusion of the right internal carotid artery, yet blood supply to his cerebrum is unimpaired. what are two possible causes of the occlusion? what anastomosis is maintaining blood supply to the brain and by what (probable) route(s)?
The partial occlusion of the right internal carotid artery might be caused by arteriosclerosis or a thrombus, while the anastomosis within the circle of Willis, particularly the anterior communicating artery, maintains blood supply to the brain.
Two possible causes of partial occlusion of the right internal carotid artery in an elderly man can be attributed to arteriosclerosis (thickening or hardening of the artery walls) or the formation of a thrombus (blood clot). Despite the occlusion, the blood supply to the cerebrum remains unimpaired, likely due to the anastomosis within the circle of Willis, which includes the anterior communicating artery and other collateral pathways. The circle of Willis is a ring of interconnected arteries located at the base of the brain that ensures continual blood supply even if one part is compromised. The routes by which blood is still able to reach the brain despite the partial occlusion could be through the opposite internal carotid artery, via the anterior communicating artery, or through the vertebral arteries that supply blood to the posterior part of the brain and contribute to the circle of Willis.
Which of the following chemical reactions proves the fact that the products of photosynthesis are reactants of respiration? A. Photosynthesis: Respiration: B. Photosynthesis: Respiration: C. Photosynthesis: Respiration:
The correct answer is is A.
In the process of photosynthesis the chemical reaction involves water and carbon dioxide whereby the light is present.
We have 6H2O + 6Co2⇄ 6O2 + C6H12O6.
The oxygen product is being used by all living things to act as a reactant i the process of respiration.
Answer:
Explanation:
The answer is:Photosynthesis: 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂Respiration: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + ATPCellular respiration and photosynthesis are
complement reactions to each other. These are reverse reactions. In
cellular respiration glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂) yield carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) and energy is released in the form of ATP. In the opposite
reaction - in photosynthesis, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) yield glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and
oxygen (O₂).
Which of the following statements about the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is/are correct?
Liver cells are abundant in SER.
The testes and ovaries are tissue types whose cells are abundant in SER.
The SER is the primary location for synthesis of membrane-bound proteins.
Cholesterol is made in the SER.
The luminal face of the SER is the main site at which membrane lipids are synthesized.
Phospholipids are synthesized from cytosolic water soluble precursor molecules.
Flippases are the enzymes that allow lateral movement of a lipid within a leaflet.
Answer:
Liver cells are abundant in SER. The testes and ovaries are tissue types whose cells are abundant in SER.Cholesterol is made in the SER. Phospholipids are synthesized from cytosolic water soluble precursor molecules.Explanation:
This is because liver cells contain enzymes that metabolize various lipid-soluble compounds.
This is because testes and ovaries produce steroid hormones (cholesterol is the precursor for their synthesis).
ER is the organelle at which all membrane lipids are synthesized.
Phospholipids are the main lipids that are the main structural components of the cell membrane. They are synthesized on the cytosolic side of the ER membrane, from water-soluble cytosolic precursors.
A dog that has been trained to salivate at the sound of a bell is an example of _[blank]_.
conditioning
innate behavior
habituation
survival behavior
Conditioning
Explanation;This was an example of classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is when two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response in a person or an animal. An experiment done by Pavlov demonstrated classical conditioning in dogs. Such that; there was a neutral stimulus (the bell), which by itself will not produce a response, like salivation and also there was a non-neutral or unconditioned stimulus (the food), which will produce an unconditioned response.What area of the brain experiences rapid growth of synapses and subsequent elimination of those synapses that are not used often during adolescence?
The correct answer is: prefrontal cortex
Synaptogenesis or formation of synapses begins about the 23rd week of gestation. The peak of synapse production is achieved at different periods. The massive overproduction of synapses that occurs in early childhood is followed by a gradual reduction of them also known as "synaptic pruning". “Synaptic pruning” happens during childhood, and during adolescence.
The brain continues to grow and develop, but the overall number of neurons and synapses are reduced by up to 50%. This is process that is experience driven: unnecessary neuronal structures are removed and replaced by more complex and efficient structures, that are more required to the demands of adulthood.
Which structure aids sarcodine protists in movement and feeding?
a. chlorophyll
b.flagella
c.pseudopods
d.cilia
Answer:
This is really late but to anyone else who needs the answer: the answer is PSEUDOPODS. They are a foot that provides movement and ingests food.
Explanation:
Genes are important in determining what you look like. what else plays an important role?
Environmental factors, alongside genes, play a significant role in shaping an individual's physical characteristics and personality traits. Nutrition, education, upbringing, and personal experiences are key elements contributing to this dynamic interaction between nature and nurture.
Explanation:While genes are crucial in determining physical characteristics such as height and skin color, it's important to understand that various environmental factors also play a significant role. For instance, proper or poor nutrition can influence whether an individual attains their full potential height as determined by their genetic makeup. Additionally, environmental exposures like ultraviolet radiation can affect skin pigmentation, deepening the color beyond what genes alone might suggest.
Moving beyond physical attributes, our environment significantly shapes our personality and behavioral traits. Factors such as individual life experiences, education, variability in brain structure, and upbringing contribute to making each person unique. Indeed, these nonshared environmental influences often have a more substantial effect on personality than genes. Finally, it's worth mentioning that our genes can influence how we interact with our environment, creating a complex interplay between nature and nurture.