Final answer:
The correct electron configuration for carbon is 1s²2s²2p², with two unpaired electrons in separated 2p orbitals, following Hund's rule and the Pauli exclusion principle.
Explanation:
The correct electron configuration for carbon is 1s²2s²2p². Carbon has an atomic number of 6, meaning it has six electrons. Two electrons fill the 1s orbital, the next two fill the 2s orbital, and the remaining two are found in the 2p orbital. According to Hund's rule, the lowest-energy configuration for an atom with electrons within a set of degenerate orbitals is that with the maximum number of unpaired electrons. Therefore, carbon has two unpaired electrons in the 2p orbital, with one electron in each of the two 2p orbitals that have the same n, l, and m₀ quantum numbers, but different ms quantum numbers, adhering to the Pauli exclusion principle. In its valence shell, carbon has an electron configuration of 2s²2p², which is similar to other elements in the same column of the periodic table.
Which graph BEST represents the motion of an airplane flying with equal amounts of thrust and air resistance?
Answer:
A) thrust equal to its resistance.
Explanation:
This might help.
Which kind of nuclear decay does not alter the identity of the atom?
During heating of the hydrate, loss due to splattering can cause a serious error. if a significant amount of sample is lost, will the calculated waters of hydration be too high or too low? explain.
A significant loss of sample during the heating of a hydrate will result in the calculated waters of hydration being too low. Heating involves breaking intermolecular forces to cause water to evaporate, hence an incorrectly lesser mass used in calculations due to sample splatter will lead to a lower value of water of hydration.
Explanation:If a significant amount of the hydrate sample is lost during heating, the calculated waters of hydration will be too low. This is because the loss of the hydrate due to splattering during the heating process results in a smaller-than-actual mass being used in the calculations for the determination of waters of hydration. To calculate waters of hydration, the mass difference between the unheated and heated samples is divided by the molecular weight of water. A lost sample will cause a smaller mass difference, thus leading to a lower calculated value of water hydration.
Heating a hydrate involves breaking of the intermolecular forces between the water molecules and the ionic compound, causing the water to evaporate, hence it requires a significant amount of heat. If during this process, the sample splatters, the mass measured after heating will be less than expected. This is why a larger sample size and gentle heating procedures are preferred to minimize this error.
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Suppose 2.145 g of magnesium is heated in air. what is the theoretical yield of megnesium oxide that should be produced?
The Theoretical Yield of Magnesium Oxide is 3.55 grams
What is theoretical yield?The theoretical yield is the maximum mass of a product that can be produced in a chemical process. It can be calculated using the balanced chemical equation. the product's relative formula mass, as well as the mass and mass-relative formula mass of the limiting reactantIn chemistry, yield, also known as reaction yield, is the number of moles of a product produced in relation to the amount of reactant consumed during a chemical reaction.Theoretical yields are the amounts of products calculated from the complete reaction of the limiting reagent, whereas actual yields are the amounts actually produced of a product.To learn more about theoretical yield refer to:
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Chemical formula for gold III chloride
Chemical formula for copper I acetate
Final answer:
The chemical formula for copper(I) acetate is CuC₂H₃O₂, formed by combining copper with a +1 oxidation state and the acetate ion CH₃COO- in a 1:1 ratio.
Explanation:
The chemical formula for copper(I) acetate is CuC₂H₃O₂. In this compound, copper(I) has a +1 oxidation state and is paired with the acetate ion, whose formula is CH₃COO- (also written as C₂H₃O₂-). Since the charge of the acetate ion is -1 and copper(I) has a +1 charge, they combine in a 1:1 ratio to form copper(I) acetate. It's important to note the difference between copper(I) and copper(II) compounds, as the latter has an oxidation state of +2 and would form different compounds, such as copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄).
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are contained in uranium-238?
Density is given in ____. a. Pa/cm3 c. g/s2 b. N/m2 d. g/cm3 Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D
Use the atomic weight in the periodic table to determine the equivalent weight of magnesium.
The atomic weight of Magnesium (Mg) is about 24.305 g / mol.
Magnesium when forms an ion can donate two electrons hence forming Mg2+. Since it can donate two electrons, therefore it has an equivalence of 2 equivalence per mole, therefore:
equivalent weight = (24.305 g / mol) * (1 mol / 2 equivalence)
equivalent weight = 12.1525 g / equivalence
Is liquid starch with water a suspension, colloid, or solution?
Describe the spectrum you would observe for the absorption spectrum of elemental hydrogen gas
Dark lines are observed in the absorption spectrum of hydrogen atom.
Further explanation:
Electronic transition:
An electronic transition is a process that occurs when an electron undergoes emission or absorption from one energy level to another energy level.
When an electron undergoes a transition from lower energy level to the higher energy level then it requires energy to complete the process. This transition is an absorption process.
When an electron undergoes a transition from higher energy level to lower energy level then it emits energy to complete the process. This transition is an emission process.
A hydrogen atom has one proton and one electron. This single electron will be present in specific energy level. The atomic number of hydrogen atom is 1 so it has only one shell and every orbital in this shell have the same energy. The range of energy levels starts from n =1 and can reach up to infinity.
The formula to calculate the energy levels for hydrogen is as follows:
[tex]{E_n}=-\frac{{{R_H}}}{{{n^2}}}[/tex] ...... (1)
Here,
[tex]{E_n}[/tex] is the energy of the nth orbital.
n is the principal quantum number.
[tex]{R_H}[/tex] is the Rydberg constant.
The energy that is associated with the transitions is the energy difference between the two levels in which the transition takes place.
The formula to calculate the difference between two energy levels of the hydrogen atom is,
[tex]\Delta E={R_{\text{H}}}\left({\frac{1}{{{{\left({{{\text{n}}_{\text{i}}}} \right)}^2}}}-\frac{1}{{{{\left({{{\text{n}}_{\text{f}}}}\right)}^2}}}}\right)[/tex]
Where,
[tex]\Delta E[/tex] is the energy difference between two energy levels.
[tex]{R_{\text{H}}}[/tex] is a Rydberg constant.
[tex]{{\text{n}}_{\text{i}}}[/tex] is the initial energy level of transition.
[tex]{{\text{n}}_{\text{f}}}[/tex] is the final energy level of transition.
The gaseous hydrogen molecule dissociates when electric discharge through it. The lines that are produced due to the emission from [tex]{{\text{n}}_{\text{i}}}[/tex] equal to 2 appear in the emission spectrum.
The emission spectrum of hydrogen shows 4 lines. One line is in the higher range that is [tex]656\;{\text{nm}}[/tex] and the other three lines in the range of [tex]400 - 500\;{\text{nm}}[/tex] .
Since hydrogen is present in the first shell, it will always absorb some amount of energy to reach the higher levels. So absorption spectrum is observed in hydrogen atom. Absorbed photons show black lines. The absorbed photons show black lines in the spectrum. In such photons, energies of particular wavelengths are absorbed, but these are not visible and therefore absorption spectrum is just the opposite of emission spectrum.
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Atomic structure
Keywords: transition, hydrogen atom, Rydberg constant, absorption spectrum, electronic transition, initial energy level, final energy level, RH, ni, nf, energy difference between two levels.
what are the primary colors?
Answer:
blue red yellow
Explanation:
Which has the greater mass? 1 l copper or 1 l silver?
True or false atoms are made up of tiny particles called molecules true or false
The compound barium acetate is a strong electrolyte. write the reaction when solid barium acetate is put into water:
When barium acetate, a strong electrolyte, is dissolved in water, it dissociates entirely into its ions. The reaction is: Ba(C2H3O2)2 (s) -> Ba2+ (aq) + 2 C2H3O2- (aq). The ions separate due to water molecules surrounding and solvating them, thus reducing strong electrostatic forces.
Explanation:The compound barium acetate is a strong electrolyte, which means it dissociates into its ions when dissolved in water. The equation for this reaction is: Ba(C2H3O2)2 (s) -> Ba2+ (aq) + 2 C2H3O2- (aq). This process is known as dissociation.
In this case, barium acetate is a soluble salt and thus it dissociates completely in water. This dissociation process reduces the strong electrostatic forces between ions, with water molecules surrounding and solvating the ions.
For context, barium is a heavier alkaline earth metal that reacts vigorously with water. However, many alkaline earth metal salts, unlike barium acetate, are insoluble in water due to their high lattice energies.
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Final answer:
Solid barium acetate dissociates into barium ions and acetate ions in water as it is a strong electrolyte. The chemical equation for this process is: Ba(C2H3O2)2 (s) → Ba^2+ (aq) + 2 C2H3O2^- (aq).
Explanation:
The reaction when solid barium acetate is put into water involves the compound dissociating into its constituent ions because it is a strong electrolyte. The chemical equation representing this process is:
Ba(C2H3O2)2 (s) → Ba^2+ (aq) + 2 C2H3O2^- (aq)
This indicates that barium acetate separates into barium ions (Ba^2+) and acetate ions (C2H3O2^-) when it dissolves in water.
How does temperature affect the kinetic energy of gas molecules?
In addition to atp, what are the 2 other end products of glycolysis?
a. h2o and pyruvate
b. co2 and nadh
c. co2 and ethyl alcohol
d. co2 and h2o
e. nadh and pyruvate
Which would not be be an appropriate procedure for the observation of a living paramecium under a compound light microscope?
Covering the specimen with a securely held cover slip where with drop slides the cover slip is not used but with conventional microscope slides which will make viewing more difficult.
What is Microscope?Optical microscope is also known as light microscope which is defined as the type of microscope that typically uses visible light and a system of lenses to generate magnified images of small objects. The term compound refers to the use of more than one lens in a microscope where compound microscope is one of the types of optical microscope while the other type of optical microscope is a simple microscope.
This instrument is used as a laboratory instrument, which is used to examine objects that are too small to be visible to the uncovered eye. Microscopy is define as the science of examining small objects and structures using a microscope, where the word microscopic means invisible to the eye unless aided by a microscope.
Thus, covering the specimen with a securely held cover slip where with drop slides the cover slip is not used but with conventional microscope slides which will make viewing more difficult.
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What happens when you add phenolphthalein to water?
An iron atom has an atomic mass of 56. its atomic number is 26. how many neutrons does it have
An atom with an atomic number of 12 and a mass number of 25 can best be described by which of these?
a.an atom that contains 12 protons and 13 neutrons.
b.an atom that contains 13 protons and 12 neutrons. eliminate
c.an atom that contains 12 protons and 25 neutrons.
d.an atom that contains 25 protons and 12 neutrons.
The atom with atomic number 12 and mass number 25 contains 12 protons and 13 neutrons, making it most likely an isotope of magnesium.
An atom with an atomic number of 12 and a mass number of 25 can best be described by option (a): an atom that contains 12 protons and 13 neutrons. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom, which is 12 in this case. Since the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons, we subtract the number of protons (12) from the mass number (25) to find that there are 13 neutrons. The atom described is likely an isotope of magnesium, as magnesium has an atomic number of 12.
In a salt solution, what happens to sodium and chloride ions?
Final answer:
In a salt solution, sodium and chloride ions dissociate from each other and become electrolytes, capable of conducting an electrical current in solution.
Explanation:
In a salt solution, sodium and chloride ions dissociate from each other. When table salt (NaCl) is mixed in water, the positive and negative regions on the water molecule attract the negative chloride and positive sodium ions, pulling them away from each other. These ions are electrolytes, capable of conducting an electrical current in solution.
What are valence electrons and why are they so important in chemistry?
Valence electrons are termed to be the electrons that are located at the outermost shell of an atom.
The number of valence electrons for an atomic element can be determined by the group into which the atomic element falls in the periodic table with the exception of transition metals located between group 3 - group 12.
Valence electrons are important in chemistry for the determination of the formation of chemical bonding between atoms because they help to explain information about the properties of the atom such as:
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Sodium metal reacts with water to form aqueous sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. which equation below best describes the balanced equation for this reaction? na + h2o → naoh (aq) + h2 (g) 2na + 2h2o → 2naoh (aq) + h2 (g) na + h2o → naoh (aq) + h (g) 2na + h2o → na2oh (aq) + h (g) s + h2o → soh (aq) + h (g)
The balanced equation for the reaction of sodium metal with water is 2Na (s) + 2H₂O (l) → 2NaOH (aq) + H₂ (g), where sodium and water react to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Explanation:The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sodium metal with water to form aqueous sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas is:
2Na (s) + 2H₂O (l) → 2NaOH (aq) + H₂ (g)
This equation indicates that two moles of solid sodium (Na) react with two moles of liquid water (H₂O) to produce two moles of aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and one mole of molecular hydrogen gas (H₂). It is important to note that hydrogen gas is always produced as diatomic molecules, hence H₂(g), not H(g).
Upon dissolving in water, sodium hydroxide disassociates into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH−), increasing the concentration of OH− ions in the solution, making it a strong base.
How many total atoms are in one molecule of nickel hydroxide, Ni(OH)2?
1
3
4
or 5?
the answer is 5 atoms
Which atom in the ground state requires the least amount of energy to remove its valence electron?
Atoms of dissimilar element can not have same atomic number because only similar atoms combine to form element. Therefore, rubidium atom requires the least amount of energy to remove its valence electron.
What is element?Element generally consist of atoms or we can atoms combine to form element. Atoms of an element is always same, means all the features of all atoms of one type of element is same. Two or more than two atoms with dissimilar physical or chemical properties can not combine together to form an element.
For neutral atoms, ionization energy is positive, indicating that ionization is indeed an endothermic process. The higher the ionization energy of an atom, roughly speaking, the nearer the outer electrons are to nucleus. Rubidium atom requires the least amount of energy to remove its valence electron.
Therefore, rubidium atom requires the least amount of energy to remove its valence electron.
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The reaction of 11.9 g of chcl3 with excess chlorine produced 11.2 g of ccl4, carbon tetrachloride: what is the percent yield?
Very reactive, nonmetals with seven valence electrons is in group ____.
Occasionally, deposition causes the main channel of a stream to divide into several smaller channels called _____.
deltas
oxbow lakes
meanders
distributaries
distributaries ithink
ANSWER: D) distributaries
EXPLANATION: When a deposition causes the main channel of a stream to divide into several smaller channel it is called a distributary. They are a common feature of river deltas and is also known as river bifurcation. A distributary generally occurs near a lake or ocean and can also occur near a confluence of large stream. This is popularly also known as arm or channel.
Scale test mineral 10 diamond 9 corundum 8 topaz 7 quartz 6 feldspar 5 apatite 4 fluorite 3 calcite 2 gypsum 1 talc mineral h. density, g/cc tellurium 2 2.07 galena 2.5 7.58 anglesite 2.5 - 3 6.4 chalcocite 2.5 - 3 5.6 copper 2.5 - 3 9.0 gold 2.5 - 3 19.3 silver 2.5 - 3 10.5 arsenic 3.5 5.7 barite 3 - 3.5 4.4 dolomite 3.5 - 4 2.9 platinum 4.5 21.5 willemite 5.5 4.0 magnetite 6 5.18 pyrite 6 - 6.5 5.02 pyrolusite 6 - 6.5 5.0 cassiterite 6.5 6.9 diamond 10 3.52 volume of water displaced = 0.175 l mass: g density. g/cm³ hardness: = - determine the unknown mineral. unknown mineral:
Answer:
Mass: 981.0 g
Density: 5.61 g/cm^3
Hardness: 2.5-3
Unknown Mineral: chalcocite
The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is a qualitative scale used to determine the hardness of minerals.
Explanation:The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is a qualitative scale developed by Frederich Mohs in 1822. It is used to determine the hardness of minerals based on their ability to resist scratching or abrasion. The scale consists of 10 minerals, with diamond being the hardest mineral with a rating of 10. By comparing the unknown mineral's hardness to the minerals on the scale, we can identify the unknown mineral.