Which of the types of compounds listed below is/are considered to be functional groups, or families, of organic compounds? salts (example: table salt, sodium chloride) alcohols (example: ethyl alcohol, the alcohol found in beer and wine) carboxylic acids (example: formic acid, found in the venom of red ants) bases (example: ammonia)?

Answer:

Nonpolar Covalent

Final answer:

The formation of a new planetary system involves the condensation of solid particles, accretion and collision of planetesimals, and the formation of protoplanets.

Explanation:

The formation of a new planetary system according to the nebular theory involves several steps. One important step is the condensation of solid particles from the solar nebula, which leads to the formation of planetesimals. The planetesimals then continue to accrete and collide with each other, gradually growing in size. This process eventually results in the formation of protoplanets, which are still in the process of forming into fully developed planets. Therefore, the correct answer is C) repulsion of gaseous masses.

1) Calculate [H+] from the pH:

pH = log { 1 / [H+] } = - log [H+]

=> [H+] = 10 ^ (-pH)

=> [H+] = 10 ^ (-2.80) = 0.00158

2) Assume the stoichiometry 1:1

=> HA aq ---> H(+) aq+ A(-) aq

=> [A-] = [H+] = 0.00158

[HA] = 0.294 – 0.00158 = 0.29242

  3) Calculate Ka

Ka = [H+] *[A-] / [HA] = (0.00158)*(0.00158) / 0.29242 =8.54 * 10^ -6

Answer: 8.5 * 10^ -6

We have that the acid dissociation constant(Ka)  is mathematically given as

Ka=8.54e-6

Question Parameters:

Generally the equation for the H+ pH value  is mathematically

pH = log { 1 / [H+] }

[tex][H+] = 10 ^{-pH}[/tex]

[H+]= 0.00158

Where the stoichiometric ratio is 1:1

HA aq ---> H(+) aq+ A(-) aq

[H+] = 0.00158

[HA] = 0.294 – 0.00158

[HA]= 0.29242

Therefore

[tex]Ka =\frac{ [H+] *[A-]}{ [HA] }\\\\Ka=\frac{ (0.00158)*(0.00158)}{0.29242}[/tex]

Ka=8.54e-6

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Answer:

Quantity of heat released = -63.1 kJ

Explanation:

Given:

Enthalpy of vaporization of water, ΔHvap = 40.7 kJ/mol

Mass of water, m = 27.9 g

To determine:

The amount of heat (Q) released

Explanation:

The reaction is: H2O(g) ↔ H2O(l)

The amount of heat evolved during condensation which involves a phase transition from vapor to liquid is given as:

[tex]Q = n*\-Delta Hvap[/tex]

n = moles of water

Since this is a condensation process: ΔHcond = -ΔHvap

[tex]Q = \frac{27.9 g}{18 g/mol} * -40.7 kJ/mol = -63.1 kJ[/tex]

Final answer:

To find the height of a stack of 1000 pennies, multiply the thickness of one penny (1.52mm) by 1000, resulting in a stack 1520mm tall, which is 152 centimeters.

Explanation:

The question concerns how tall a stack of 1000 pennies would be in centimeters. To answer this, we must know the thickness of one penny. If we assume the thickness of a single penny is approximately 1.52mm (0.0598 inches), we can calculate the height of 1000 pennies by multiplying the thickness of one penny by the number of pennies in the stack. Since there are 10 millimeters in 1 centimeter, we'll need to convert millimeters to centimeters.

Here is the calculation:

Answer:

Single-displacement

Explanation:

To calculate the atoms of an element in a given molecule, we need to multiply stoichiometry by the number that is written on the foot of that element. Therefore, the mass of  AgCl produced from 75.00 g of AgNO[tex]_3[/tex]. is 63.0g.

Stoichiometry is a part of chemistry that help us in making relationship between reactant and product from quantitative aspects.

The balanced reaction is  

NaCl + AgNO[tex]_3[/tex] → NaNO[tex]_3[/tex] + AgCl

Mass of AgNO[tex]_3[/tex]=75.00 g

Molar mass of AgNO[tex]_3[/tex]=169.87 g/mol

Moles of AgNO[tex]_3[/tex]=0.44mol

From 1 mole of  AgNO[tex]_3[/tex], 1 mole of  AgCl is produced.

So, from 0.44 of AgNO[tex]_3[/tex], 0.44 mole of AgCl  is produced.

Mass of AgCl =Molar mass of AgCl ×moles of AgCl

Mass of AgCl =143.32 g/mol  ×0.44 mole

Mass of AgCl =143.32 g/mol  ×0.44 mole

Mass of AgCl =63.0g

Therefore, the mass of  AgCl produced from 75.00 g of AgNO[tex]_3[/tex]. is 63.0g.

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An alpha emission is one in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus). Therefore in this reaction, the products of the decay are Helium and another element X. Helium has an atomic mass and atomic number of 4 and 2 respectively, therefore the complete reaction is:

U-234 (92) ---> He-4 (2) + X

Since atomic mass and number must be conserved therefore X = X-230 (90)

U-234 (92) ---> He-4 (2) + X-230 (90)

The element with atomic number of 90 is Thorium. Therefore the other product is Thorium-230 (90).

U-234 (92) ---> He-4 (2) + Th-230 (90)

A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that results in water and a salt. Option B, HNO3(aq) + LiOH(aq) → H2O(l) + LiNO3(aq), is an example of this as it involves the reaction between an acid (Hydrogen Nitrate) and a base (Lithium Hydroxide) to form water and a salt (Lithium Nitrate).

In chemistry, a neutralization reaction is a type of chemical reaction where an acid and a base react to form a salt and water. Looking at the provided options, the reaction B. HNO3(aq) + LiOH(aq) → H2O(l) + LiNO3(aq) is a neutralization reaction. This is because Hydrogen Nitrate (HNO3) is an acid and Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH) is a base. The result of their interaction is water (H2O) and a salt (LiNO3).

A neutralization reaction is characterized by an acid reacting with a base and forming water and a salt, which is what happens in this reaction. Hence, option B depicts a neutralization reaction.

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they showed mandeleeves predictions were correct

To find the grams of acetone in the given solution, we can use the formula for molality and calculate the mass of acetone based on the molality, molar mass of acetone, and mass of the solvent.

The mass of the solution is given as 450.0 g and the molality is given as 0.7500 molal. To find the grams of acetone in the solution, we can use the formula for molality:

Molality (m) = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)

Since 0.7500 molal corresponds to 0.7500 mol of acetone per 1 kg of water, we can calculate the mass of acetone by multiplying the molality by the molar mass of acetone and the mass of the solvent:

Mass of acetone = 0.7500 molal * (58.08 g/mol) * (0.4500 kg)

Therefore, there are 22.52 grams of acetone in this amount of solution.

Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Physical properties and changes are defined as the property or changes that does not cause any change in the chemical composition of a substance.

For example, cutting a piece of sodium with knife is a physical change.

Whereas boiling point, density, melting point etc are all physical changes.

On the other hand, changes that bring change in chemical composition of a substance are known as chemical changes.

For example, reactivity, toxicity etc are all chemical changes.

Hence, we can conclude that the statement physical changes can change compounds into elements, is not true regarding physical properties and changes.

Answer:

6

Explanation:

The Lewis structure represents the valence electrons at the atoms, which ones are shared and the lone pairs. Carbon is at group 4 at the periodic table, and so has 4 electrons in the valence shell; oxygen is at group 6, and so has 6 electrons at the valence shell.

That compound is an exception of the octet rule. A triple bond is done between the atoms, and so, 3 electrons of carbon are shared and 3 electrons of oxygen are shared. Thus, there are 6 bonding electrons, as shown below in red.

Answer:

☆☆ Measure the four products separately, but using the same scale each time. option C

Explanation:

He cannot do this without affecting at the same time the evolution of the reaction, and of course by doing it on one sample only he will not be able to compare.

Answer: The concentration of [tex]K^+[/tex] ions in the solution is 0.09 M

Explanation:

We are given:

Concentration of [tex]K_2CO_3[/tex] = 0.045 M

The chemical equation for complete dissociation of potassium carbonate follows:

[tex]K_2CO_3(aq.)\rightarrow 2K^+(aq.)+CO_3^{2-}(aq.)[/tex]

By stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of potassium carbonate produces 2 moles of potassium ions and 1 mole of carbonate ions.

So, the concentration of potassium ions in the given solution = [tex](2\times 0.045M)=0.09M[/tex]

Hence, the concentration of [tex]K^+[/tex] ions in the solution is 0.09 M

The molar mass of the gas is approximately [tex]47.56 \text{ g/mol}[/tex]

To calculate the molar mass of the gas, we can use the Ideal Gas Law, which is given by:

[tex]\[ PV = nRT \][/tex]

where:

- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the pressure of the gas,

- [tex]\( V \)[/tex] is the volume of the gas,

- [tex]\( n \)[/tex] is the number of moles of the gas,

- [tex]\( R \)[/tex] is the ideal gas constant, and

- [tex]\( T \)[/tex]  is the temperature of the gas in Kelvin.

First, need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:

[tex]\[ T(K) = T(\°C) + 273.15 \] \[ T(K) = 24 + 273.15 = 297.15 K \][/tex]

The density [tex]\( \rho \)[/tex] of the gas is given as 1.49 g/L. The density is the mass [tex]\( m \)[/tex] divided by the volume [tex]\( V \)[/tex]:

[tex]\[ \rho = \frac{m}{V} \][/tex]

express the mass in terms of the molar mass [tex]\( M \)[/tex] and the number of moles [tex]\( n \)[/tex]:

[tex]\[ m = M \cdot n \][/tex]

Substituting this into the density equation gives:

[tex]\[ \rho = \frac{M \cdot n}{V} \][/tex]

Now, can rearrange the Ideal Gas Law to solve for [tex]\( n \)[/tex]:

[tex]\[ n = \frac{PV}{RT} \][/tex]

Substituting this expression for [tex]\( n \)[/tex]  into the density equation gives:

[tex]\[ \rho = \frac{M \cdot PV}{RTV} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \rho = \frac{M \cdot P}{RT} \][/tex]

Now, can solve for the molar mass [tex]\( M \)[/tex]:

[tex]\[ M = \frac{\rho RT}{P} \][/tex]

know that the ideal gas constant [tex]\( R \)[/tex] is 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K), so we can plug in the values:

[tex]\[ M = \frac{1.49 \text{ g/L} \cdot 0.0821 \text{ L\·atm/(mol\·K)} \cdot 297.15 \text{ K}}{0.787 \text{ atm}} \] \[ M = \frac{1.49 \cdot 0.0821 \cdot 297.15}{0.787} \] \[ M = \frac{37.41}{0.787} \] \[ M \approx 47.56 \text{ g/mol} \][/tex]

Therefore, the molar mass of the gas is approximately 47.56 g/mol.

Air contains water in a gaseous form called water vapor