Which of the following is the last step in performing a titration
1) finding out which pH indicatorworks
2) determining the concentration of an unknown base
3) finding the number of moles of a product produced in a reaction
4) determining the molecular masses of the products in the reaction

Answer:

Two options: vanadium (III) chlorate or vanadic chlorate.

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, V accounts for vanadium, Cl for chlorine and O for oxygen. Now, as you've got v(clo3)3, one should write it with the proper capitalization:

[tex]V(ClO_3)_3[/tex]

In such a way, the name depends on the oxidation states of both vanadium and chlorine. At first, one realizes that vanadium has +3 as the oxidation state as all the oxyanions formed by chlorine have -1 as the total charge. Now, the anion [tex]ClO_3[/tex] suggests that the chlorine has +5 as the oxidation state for it to has a total oxidation state of -1, in such a way, by following the IUPAC rules, one states is name as vanadium (III) chlorate or vanadous chloride. For the spelling, procure to respect spaces and to use lower cases for the resulting names.

Best regards.

The amount of dioxin in the water cannot be calculated without knowing the concentration of dioxin. However, the mass of the water sample can be determined using the given volume and the density of water.

To calculate the amount of dioxin in your water sample, you would first need to know the concentration of dioxin in the water. However, assuming a density of 1.00 g/ml, you can calculate the mass of your water sample as follows: Water sample volume is 2.6 L (or 2600 ml). Given the density of water is 1.00 g/ml, we can use the formula Density = Mass/Volume or rearranged to Mass = Density x Volume to get: Mass = 1.00 g/ml x 2600 ml = 2600 g. So, the mass of the water is 2600 g. To get the amount of dioxin, we need the concentration of dioxin in the water (usually given in parts per million or ppm)

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Final answer:

To calculate the number of moles of magnesium, divide the mass of magnesium used in the trial by its molar mass of 24.305 g/mol. An example calculation for 24.305 grams of magnesium would yield exactly 1 mole of magnesium.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles of magnesium used in trial 1, you should use the molar mass of magnesium and the given mass of magnesium from the trial. If the mass of magnesium used in trial 1 was not provided in the question, it must be known to perform the calculation.

Here's how you can calculate it:

First, ascertain the mass of magnesium used in trial 1 (let's assume it is 'x' grams).

Then, use the molar mass of magnesium which is 24.305 g/mol.

Divide the mass of magnesium by its molar mass to find the number of moles: Number of moles = mass of magnesium (grams) / molar mass of magnesium (g/mol).

For example, if you used 24.305 grams of magnesium in trial 1, the calculation would be:

Number of moles = 24.305 g / 24.305 g/mol = 1 mol

The characteristics applicable to gaseous state are low density, rapid molecular motion and large distance between particles.

Substances in gaseous state are easy to compress  as they have large inter- molecular distances.They also have the unique property of expansion owing to which large amounts of gases can fit into small volumes.

As gases occupy large volumes as compared to their masses they have low density.Owing to their large inter-molecular spaces they have more degree of freedom due to which there is rapid molecular  motion.

The kinetic energy possessed by gas molecules is highest in gases due to large spaces present between the molecules.They have high thermal energy as molecules are far apart and heat causes molecules to move faster.

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Answer:

The correct answer is decreasing the amount of steam generated.

Explanation:

A nuclear reactor refers to a system in which continuous fission of the heavy nuclear atomic particles occurs with the assistance of the source of the radiation. The energy output can be enhanced by inhibiting the dissipation of heat on the form of steam in the outside surrounding.

Answer:

[tex]NH_4Cl[/tex] -> Acidic

[tex]NaClO[/tex] -> Basic

[tex]KNO_3[/tex] -> Neutral

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, considering the given salts, [tex]NH_4Cl[/tex], [tex]NaClO[/tex], [tex]KNO_3[/tex] one classifies them as follows:

- [tex]NH_4Cl[/tex]: ammonium chloride is an acidic salt since it comes from ammonium hydroxide which is a weak base and hydrochloric acid which a strong base, thus, due to the partial neutralization, there are still traces of an acidic character which provides such behavior for this salt.

- [tex]NaClO[/tex]: sodium hypochlorite is a basic salt since it comes from sodium hydroxide which is a strong base and hypochlorous acid which is a weak acid by means of the contrary behavior of the [tex]NH_4Cl[/tex] since traces of a basic character promote such basic behavior.

- [tex]KNO_3[/tex]: potassium nitrate is a neutral salt as long as it comes from the potassium hydroxide which is a strong base and the nitric acid which is a strong acid, promoting the complete neutralization.

Best regards.

NH4Cl, NaCl, and KNO3 are classified as acidic, neutral, and basic salts, respectively. This classification depends on their behavior when dissolved in water, resulting in either acidic, neutral, or basic solutions.

In chemistry, salts such as NH4CL, NaCl, and KNO3 are all ionic compounds that can be classified as either acidic, basic, or neutral. This classification depends on their behavior when dissolved in water, in a process known as hydrolysis.

NH4Cl ionizes in water to yield NH4+ and Cl- ions. The NH4+ ions can act as an acid by donating a proton (H+) to water to generate hydronium ions (H3O+), leading to an acidic solution. Therefore, NH4Cl is an acidic salt.

In contrast, NaCl behaves differently. When it dissolves in water, it releases Na+ and Cl- ions. Neither of these ions reacts with water, making NaCl a neutral salt.

Finally, salts like KNO3, which produce a base and a neutral component upon dissolution, are considered basic salts because they make the solution slightly more alkaline.

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Heat is the transfer of energy from an area of high temperature to one of low temperature until both temperatures become equal (thermal equilibrium). The standard scientific unit for heat is the Joule.

Heat is defined as the transfer of energy between objects or areas due to a temperature difference. It always moves from a region of higher temperature to one of lower temperature. This process continues until the temperatures of the two objects or areas become equal, at which point thermal equilibrium is achieved. In science, the SI unit for heat is the Joule(J).

For example, if you boil water, the energy from the stove (higher temperature) is transferred to the water (lower temperature) causing it to heat up.

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The correct answer is:

exothermic

Endothermic means it cools down or absorbs heat. Exothermic means it heats up or releases heat. Bond energies determine if a reaction is endothermic or exothermic.

Explanation:

Many chemical reactions consume or release heat and energy as part of the process. An exothermic reaction is any response that releases or gives off energy through the reaction. You can learn this by arranging together 'exo-' which means to exit, with 'therm' which refers to heat. Displayed in a chemical equation: reactants → products + energy.

Answer:

0.125 L × 1.5 M = 0.1875 mol HCl

0.1875 mol HCl × 1 mol H2O/1 mol HCl = 0.1875 mol H2O

0.1875 mol H2O × 18 g/1 mol = 3.375 g

0.0875 L × 1.75 M = 0.153 mol NaOH

0.153 mol NaOH × 1 mol H2O/1 mol NaOH = 0.153 mol H2O

0.153 mol H2O × 18 g/1mol= 2.756 g

Solution: 2.76 grams

Explanation:

Answer from Edmentum

The neutralization equations in the stomach involving common antacids like calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide are CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) = CaCl₂ (aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g) and 2HCl(aq) + Mg(OH)₂(s) = MgCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l) respectively.

The neutralization equation that takes place in the stomach with two different bases used in antacid products can be represented by the reactions of calcium carbonate (a common ingredient of antacids) and magnesium hydroxide (found in products like Milk of Magnesia) with hydrochloric acid (stomach acid).

The neutralization reaction of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid would be CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) = CaCl₂ (aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g). In this reaction, the antacid neutralizes the excess stomach acid, converting it to water, a salt (calcium chloride) and carbon dioxide gas.

In case of magnesium hydroxide, the reaction with hydrochloric acid would be something like 2HCl(aq) + Mg(OH)₂(s) = MgCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l). Here, the magnesium hydroxide neutralizes stomach acid forming water and magnesium chloride.

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To calculate the number of molecules in a 1.27kg sample of lithium carbonate, convert the mass to grams, calculate the molar mass, convert the mass to moles, and then multiply by Avogadro's number to find the number of molecules. The calculation results in approximately 1.035 x 10²⁵ molecules. We use three significant figures for the final answer.

The question asks how many molecules are there in a 1.27kg sample of lithium carbonate. To find the number of molecules, we first need to calculate the number of moles in 1.27 kg of lithium carbonate and then use Avogadro's number to find the number of molecules.

Convert the mass of the sample from kilograms to grams.

Calculate the molar mass of lithium carbonate (Li₂CO₃).

Use the molar mass to convert the mass of lithium carbonate to moles.

Multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number (6.02 x 1023 molecules/mol) to find the number of molecules.

Let's perform the calculations:

1.27 kg = 1270 g.

The molar mass of Li₂CO₃ is approximately 73.89 g/mol (Li: ~6.94 g/mol, C: ~12.01 g/mol, O: ~16.00 g/mol x 3).

The number of moles of Li2CO3 in 1270 g is 1270 g
divided by 73.89 g/mol = approximately 17.19 mol.

The number of molecules in 17.19 mol is 17.19 mol x 6.02 x 10²³ = 1.035 x 10²⁵ molecules.

Note that we have limited our final answer to three significant figures based on the precision of the given mass.

Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

When a liquid changes into vapors or gas then this process of change is known as evaporation.

A mixture in which solute particles completely dissolve in even composition throughout the solvent then it is known as homogeneous mixture.

For example, when salt is dissolved in water then upon heating it water can be evaporated and crystals of sodium chloride can be obtained.

Whereas screening method is used in the discovery of a drug and it a scientific experimentation method.

When particles of a mixture are separated by spinning then this process is known as centrifugation.

When a magnetic force is used to separate magnetic particles present in a mixture then this process is known as magnetic separation.

Thus, we can conclude that evaporation is the separation method would be most successful in separating the components of a homogeneous mixture.

Answer:

A. Evaluating test results

Explanation:

Took the class.

Assuming that the O2 gas acts like an ideal gas, we find the following expression to be approximates of the behaviour of this gas:

P V = n R T                   ---> 1

where,

P = pressure exerted by the gas

V = volume occupied

n = number of moles

R = universal gas constant

T = absolute temperature

Further, we assume that the number of moles and the temperature are constant, hence reducing equation 1 into the form:

P V = k                         ---> 2

where k is a constant. Therefore we can equate two states:

P1 V1 = P2 V2

Since P1, V1 and V2 are given and we are to look for P2:

25 mL * 2 atm = 100 mL * P2

P2 = 0.5 atm

The sample of [tex]{{\text{O}}_2}[/tex] gas at volume 100 mL will occupy a pressure of  

[tex]\boxed{{\text{0}}{\text{.5 atm}}}[/tex]

Further explanation:

Ideal gas:

An ideal gas contains a large number of randomly moving particles that are supposed to have perfectly elastic collisions among themselves. It is just a theoretical concept, and practically no such gas exists. But gases tend to behave almost ideally at a higher temperature and lower pressure.

Ideal gas law is considered as the equation of state for any hypothetical gas. The expression for the ideal gas equation of gas is as follows:

[tex]{\text{PV}}={\text{nRT}}[/tex]                …… (1)                                                                         

Here,

P is the pressure of the gas.

V is the volume of gas.

n denotes the number of moles of gas.

R is the gas constant.

T is the temperature of gas.

Boyle’s law:

It is an experimental gas law that describes the relationship between pressure and volume of the gas. According to Boyle's law, the volume of the gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the system, provided that the temperature and the number of moles of gas remain constant.

If the temperature and number of moles of gas are constant then the equation (1) will become as follows:

[tex]{\text{PV}}={\text{constant}}[/tex]                  …… (2)                                                                                                        

Or it can also be expressed as follows:

[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}{{\text{V}}_1}={{\text{P}}_2}{{\text{V}}_2}[/tex]                        …… (3)                                                                                        

Here,

[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex] is the initial pressure.

[tex]{{\text{P}}_2}[/tex] is the final pressure.

[tex]{{\text{V}}_1}[/tex] is the initial volume.

[tex]{{\text{V}}_2}[/tex] is the final volume.

Rearrange the equation (3) for [tex]{{\text{P}}_2}[/tex]  , and we get,

[tex]{{\text{P}}_2}=\frac{{{{\text{P}}_1}{{\text{V}}_1}}}{{{{\text{V}}_2}}}[/tex]                      …… (4)                                                                                 

[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex] is 2.0 atm.

[tex]{{\text{V}}_1}[/tex] is 25 mL.

[tex]{{\text{V}}_2}[/tex] is 100 mL.

Substitute the values of [tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex] , [tex]{{\text{V}}_1}[/tex] and [tex]{{\text{V}}_2}[/tex]  in equation(4).

[tex]\begin{aligned}{{\text{P}}_2}&=\frac{{\left( {{\text{25 atm}}}\right)\times\left({{\text{2 mL}}}\right)}}{{\left({{\text{100 mL}}}\right)}}\\&={\text{0}}{\text{.5 atm}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

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Answer details:

Grade: Senior school

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Ideal gas equation.

Keywords: ideal gas, pressure, volume, temperature, number of moles, initial, final, equation, 25 atm, 2 mL, 100 mL, and 0.5 atm.

colbalt(III) chloride

The correct name for the compound CoCl is cobalt (III) chloride composed of cobalt and chlorine atoms.

Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.

Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:

1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.

2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.

3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds

4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.

They have a unique chemical structure held together by chemical bonds Compounds have different properties as those of elements because when a compound is formed the properties of the substance are totally altered.

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Explanation:

Alpha decay: In this process, alpha particles is emitted when a heavier nuclei decays into lighter nuclei. The alpha particle released has a charge of +2 units.

The general alpha decay reaction is given as:

[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z-2}^{A-4}\textrm{Y}+_2^4\alpha[/tex]

[tex]_{92}^{233}\textrm{U}\rightarrow _{90}^{229}\textrm{Th}+_2^4\alpha[/tex]

[tex]_{90}^{229}\textrm{Th}\rightarrow _{88}^{225}\textrm{Ra}+_2^4\alpha[/tex]

When Uranium-233 undergoes alpha decay it splits into an alpha particle and thorium-229.Thorium-229 further undergoes alpha decay to produce radium-225 along with an alpha particle.

In the given reaction, sodium chloride (NaCl) is produced. The sodium loses an electron and becomes positively charged, and the chloride gains an electron and becomes negatively charged. The resulting molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations represent this transfer of electrons and the creation of an ionic compound.

In the given reaction, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and chloride gas (Cl₂) are generated as the products. Here, sodium (Na) atoms lose electrons, identified in scientific terms as undergoing oxidation, and chloride (Cl) atoms gain electrons, a process known as reduction. In the final product, sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium carries a positive charge (+) because it has lost electrons while chloride carries a negative charge (-) as it has gained electrons.

The balanced molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations for the process are as follows:

These equations demonstrate the transfer of electrons from sodium to chloride, which results in the formation of an ionic product, sodium chloride.

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