Answer:
H₂0[tex]_{(s)}[/tex] + heat → H₂O[tex]_{(l)}[/tex]
Explanation:
An ENDOTHERMIC reaction is a chemical reaction in which heat is absorbed by the reactants. As such the product is usually cooler than the products. In the equation above (the answer), heat is on the reactant side of the equation thus indicating that heat is absorbed by the reactants.
On the other hand, in the first equation heat is on the product side of the equation which is consistent with an Exothermic reaction.
A container is filled with Neon gas. It has a volume of 1.5L and a pressure of 101.3 kPa. If the volume of the container is increased to 4.00L without removing any of the gas or changing the temperature, what will the new pressure be?Ed Question
Answer:
37.98 kPa.
Explanation:
We can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.
V is the volume of the gas in L.
n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.
R is the general gas constant,
T is the temperature of the gas in K.
If n and T are constant, and have different values of P and V:(P₁V₁) = (P₂V₂)
Knowing that:
P₁ = 101.3 kPa, V₁ = 1.5 L,
P₂ = ??? kPa, V₂ = 4.0 L.
Applying in the above equation(P₁V₁) = (P₂V₂)
∴ P₂ = (P₁V₁)/V₂ = (101.3 kPa)(1.5 L)/(4.0 L) = 37.98 kPa.
Identify the reaction type shown and describe the clues that were used to identify it. NH4NO3 ? N2O + 2H2O
Answer:
Decomposition because it's one substance that gets broken down into two separate substances
Explanation:
Answer:
A decomposition reaction.
Explanation:
NH4NO3 ====> N2O + 2H2O
This is an example of a decomposition reaction. We know this because one reactant decomposes into many products. There are several examples of this type of reaction where heat, usually, is used to break down a chemical substance to simpler chemical substances.
Ions that are present before and after a neutralization reaction are
Answer:
spectator ions
Explanation:
Ions that are present before and after a neutralization reaction are known as spectator ions.
Spectator ions, such as Ca²+ (aq) and NO3⁻ (aq), do not take part in chemical reactions and remain unchanged before and after the reaction. They are essential for maintaining charge neutrality but can be omitted in net ionic equations.
Ions that are present before and after a neutralization reaction are known as spectator ions. These ions, such as Ca²+ (aq) and NO3⁻ (aq) in a given equation, do not take part in the chemical reaction and remain in solution unchanged. Spectator ions are essential for maintaining charge neutrality but are not involved in the formation of the products of the reaction. In writing net ionic equations, spectator ions can be omitted to simplify the representation of the reaction.
Polonium is a rare element with 33 radioisotopes. The most common one, 210Po, has 82 protons and 128 neutrons. When 210Po decays, it emits an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus (2 protons and 2 neutrons). 210Po decay is tricky to detect because alpha particles do not carry very much energy compared to other forms of radiation. For example, they can be stopped by a single sheet of paper or a few inches of air. That is one reason why authorities failed to discover toxic amounts of 210Po in the body of former KGB agent Alexander Litvinenko until after he died suddenly and mysteriously in 2006. What element does an atom of 210Po change into after it emits an alpha particle?
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{_{84}^{210}\text{Po} \longrightarrow \, _{82}^{206}\text{Pb} + \,_{2}^{4}\text{He}}[/tex]
Explanation:
The unbalanced nuclear equation is
[tex]_{84}^{210}\text{Po} \longrightarrow \, ? + \,_{2}^{4}\text{He}[/tex]
It is convenient to replace the question mark by an atomic symbol, [tex]_{x}^{y}\text{Z}[/tex], where x = the atomic number, y = the mass number, and Z = the symbol of the element .
Then your equation becomes
[tex]_{84}^{210}\text{Po} \longrightarrow \, _{x}^{y}\text{Z} + \,_{2}^{4}\text{He}[/tex]
The main point to remember in balancing nuclear equations is that **the sums of the superscripts and the subscripts must be the same on each side of the equation**.
Then
84 = x + 2, so x = 84 - 2 = 82
210 = y + 4, so y = 206
Element 82 is lead, so the nuclear equation becomes
[tex]\boxed{_{84}^{210}\text{Po} \longrightarrow \, _{82}^{206}\text{Pb} + \,_{2}^{4}\text{He}}[/tex]
When 210Po undergoes alpha decay it emits an alpha particle (2 protons and 2 neutrons). As a result its atomic number decreases by 2 and mass number decreases by 4 transforming it into the element Lead (Pb).
Explanation:When an atom of 210Po undergoes alpha decay, it emits an alpha particle, which consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. This results in a reduction of the atomic number by 2 and the mass number by 4. The atomic number specifies the identity of an element, so when 210Po (Polonium with atomic number 84) loses 2 protons the resulting atomic number is 82, which corresponds to the element Lead (Pb). Hence after the emission of an alpha particle from a 210Po atom, the resulting element is lead (Pb).
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Chemical element with lowest boiling point
Answer:
Helium
Explanation:
Final answer:
Helium (He) has the lowest boiling point of all elements, boiling at -269°C because it is light and nonpolar, with weak dispersion forces.
Explanation:
The chemical element with the lowest boiling point is helium (He), which boils at -269°C (-452.2°F). To predict boiling points, consider the intermolecular forces such as electrostatic interactions, polarity, ability to form hydrogen bonds, and molar mass related to London dispersion forces. For nonpolar substances like helium, the lighter the molecule, the lower the boiling point. Therefore, helium, being the lightest and nonpolar, has the lowest boiling point among common elements. The boiling points of nonpolar substances typically increase with molecular mass. The higher the molar mass, the higher the boiling point, like in the case of C60, which is much heavier than helium.
Write a nuclear equation for the fusion of two h−2 atoms to form he−3 and one neutron.
Answer:
The nuclear equation that represents the fusion of two H-2 atoms to form He-3 and one neutron is:
[tex]^2_1H+^2_1H{->}^3_2He+^1_0n[/tex]Explanation:
In a nuclear reaction the nuclides are represented with the chemical symbol preceded by a superscript that represents the mass number (number of protons plus neutrons) and a subscript that represents the atomic number (number of protons).
H-2 is the isotope of hydrogen with 1 proton and 1 neutron, so it is represented as:
[tex]^2_1H[/tex]He-3 is the isotope of helium with 2 protons and 1 neuron, so it is represented as:
[tex]^3_2He[/tex]The neutron is represented as:
[tex]^1_0n[/tex]With that, you represent the nuclear equation for the fusion of two H-2 atoms to form He-3 and one neutron as follows:
[tex]^2_1H+^2_1H{->}^3_2He+^1_0n[/tex]The clue is to check the balance of both mass numbers and atomic numbers:
Mass numbers: 2 + 2 = 3 + 1Atomic numbers: 1 + 1 = 2 + 0How much of a 5.2M NaOH solution is required in order to make 750 mL of a 1.7M NaOH solution
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{245 mL}}[/tex]
Explanation:
You are diluting the LiNO₃ solution, so you can use the dilution formula.
c₁V₁ = c₂V₂
Data:
c₁ = 5.2 mol·L⁻¹; V₁ = ?
c₂ = 1.7 mol·L⁻¹; V₂ = 750 mL
Calculations:
(a) Convert millilitres to litres
[tex]\text{750 mL} \times \dfrac{ \text{1 L}}{\text{1000 mL}} = \text{0.750 L}[/tex]
(b) Calculate the volume
5.2V₁ = 1.7 × 0.750 = 1.275
[tex]V_{1} = \dfrac{1.275}{5.2} = \text{0.245 L} = \text{245 mL}\\\\\text{You must use } \boxed{\textbf{245 mL}} \text{ of the 5.2 mol/L NaOH.}[/tex]
The half-cell is a chamber in the voltaic cell where one half-cell is the site of the oxidation reaction and the other half-cell is the site of the reduction reaction. type the half-cell reaction that takes place at the anode for the iron-silver voltaic cell. indicate the physical states of atoms and ions using the abbreviation (s), (l), or (g) for solid, liquid, or gas, respectively. use (aq) for an aqueous solution. do not include phases for electrons. express your answer as a chemical equation.
In an iron-silver galvanic cell, the half-cell reaction at the anode involves solid iron (Fe) being oxidized to iron ions (Fe2+) in aqueous solution while releasing two electrons.
Explanation:In a galvanic cell, specifically the iron(Fe)-silver(Ag) voltanic cell, oxidation occurs at the anode. Considering the redox pair of Fe/Fe2+ and Ag/Ag+, at the anode, the half-cell reaction would be iron getting oxidized from its solid state to an ion in aqueous solution, with the release of 2 electrons. The reaction that takes place at the anode is represented as: Fe(s) -> Fe2+(aq) + 2e-
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In the half-cell reaction at the anode of an iron-silver voltaic cell, the iron atom in the solid state undergoes oxidation, losing two electrons to transform into an iron(II) cation in an aqueous solution. This is represented by the equation: Fe(s) -> Fe2+(aq) + 2e-.
Explanation:In an iron-silver voltaic cell, the iron atom which is in the solid state, undergoes oxidation at the anode. This is referred to as the anode half-cell reaction. The iron atom loses electrons and is transformed into iron(II) cation in aqueous solution. This process can be represented by the following chemical equation:
Fe(s) -> Fe2+(aq) + 2e-
Here, Fe(s) represents iron in its solid state, Fe2+(aq) represents the iron (II) cation in aqueous solution and e- indicates the electrons lost during the oxidation reaction.
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Calculate the number of moles of chlorine gas needed to form 14 moles of iron (iii) chloride
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{ \text{21 mol}}[/tex]
Explanation:
(a) Balanced equation
You haven't given the complete reaction, but we can use a partial equation so long as Cl is balanced.
3Cl₂ + … ⟶ 2FeCl₃ + …
(b). Calculation
You want to convert moles of FeCl₃ to moles of Cl₂
The molar ratio is 3 mol Cl₂:2 mol FeCl₃
[tex]\text{Moles of Cl$_{2}$} =\text{14 mol FeCl$_{3}$} \times \dfrac{\text{3 mol Cl$_{2}$}}{\text{2 mol FeCl$_{3}$}} = \text{21 mol Cl$_{2}$}\\\\\text{You need }\boxed{ \textbf{21 mol of Cl$_{2}$}}\text{ to form 14 mol of FeCl$_{3}$}.[/tex]
Energy to break bonds is less than energy release to form bonds.
Is what type of reaction?
exothermic reaction because the energy absorbed during breaking the bonds of the reactants is less than the energy realised
The reaction is a exergonic reaction.
Explanation:An exergonic response is a synthetic response where the adjustment in the free vitality is negative demonstrating an unconstrained response. For procedures that occur under steady weight and temperature conditions, the Gibbs free vitality is utilized though the Helmholtz vitality is utilized for procedures that happen under consistent volume and temperature conditions.
In exergonic reaction, during bond breakage energy is required whereas the formation of the bond releases energy. Although exergonic responses are said to happen immediately, this doesn't infer that the response will occur at a perceptible rate.
Are Noble gases considered inert gases
yes because they are inert or inactive at normal temperature, they are inactive because their outer most orbit contain either 2 or 8 electrons.that make them stable
Answer:
They are called inert gases because they were thought to be completely inert—unable to form compounds.
Explanation:
What makes organic compounds reactive?
The bonds
The carbons
The hydrogens
The functional groups
Answer:
The functional groups
Explanation:
An organic compound is a compound that contain carbon and another element such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.Functional groups are the portions of an organic compound that is capable of characteristic reactions. Functional groups determine the chemical and physical properties of many organic compounds. The sequence ACGUUGACCCA represents a segment of _____.
DNA
RNA
an enzyme
an amino acid
Answer:
RNA
Explanation:
DNA would not contain Uracil
Enzyme is different
Amino acids would be made up of codons
Nuclear reactors generate power by harnessing the energy from nuclear fission. In a fission reaction, uranium-235 absorbs a neutron, bringing it into a highly unstable state as uranium-236. This state almost immediately breaks apart into two smaller fragments, releasing energy. One typical reaction is 235 92U+10n→ 140 54Xe+9438Sr+210n, where 10n indicates a neutron. In this problem, assume that all fission reactions are of this kind. In fact, many different fission reactions go on inside a reactor, but all have similar reaction energies, so it is reasonable to calculate with just one. The products of this reaction are unstable and decay shortly after fission, releasing more energy. In this problem, you will ignore the extra energy contributed by these secondary decays.
10 enfermedades comunes que pueden causar inmunodeficiencia secundaria
A fossil was analyzed and determined to have a carbon-14 level that is 70 % that of living organisms. The half-life of c-14 is 5730 years. How old is the fossil?
Answer:
The fossil is 2,950 years old.Explanation:
Since the living organisms stop the metabolic processes when dye, the age of the fossil is equal to the time the carbon-14 isotope (C-14) has been decaying.
Since the hal-life of the radioisotopes, such as carbon-14, is constant, you know that the amount of carbon-14 remaining reduces to half each time a half-life passes, i.e:
One half-life ⇒ 1/2 remainingTwo half-life ⇒ (1/2)² remainingThree half-life ⇒ (1/2)³ remainingn half-life ⇒ (1/2)ⁿ remainingNow, knowing that 70% or 0.7 parts are remaining you can set the equation:
0.7 = (1/2)ⁿ, and solve for n, using logarithm properties:n log (1/2) = log (0.7) n = log (0.7) / log (1/2) = log (0.7) / log (0.5) = 0.5146Which means that 0.5156 half-life has elapses, since the fossil started forming.
Since one half-life is 5730 years, the age of the fossil is 0.5156 × 5730 years = 2,948 years, which should be rounded to three signficant figures: 2,950 years.
A 22.4-l sample of nitrogen at 3.65 atm and 22°c is simultaneously expanded to 57.4 l and heated to 38°c. what is the new pressure of the gas?
Answer:
1.5 atm.
Explanation:
We can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.
V is the volume of the gas in L.
n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.
R is the general gas constant,
T is the temperature of the gas in K.
If n is constant, and have different values of P, V and T:(P₁V₁T₂) = (P₂V₂T₁)
Knowing that:
P₁ = 3.65 atm, V₁ = 22.4 L, T₁ = 22°C + 273 = 295 K,
P₂ = ??? atm, V₂ = 57.4 L, T₂ = 38°C + 273 = 311 K,
Applying in the above equation(P₁V₁T₂) = (P₂V₂T₁)
∴ P₂ = (P₁V₁T₂)/(V₂T₁) = (3.65 atm)(22.4 L)(311 K)/(57.4 atm)(295 L) = 1.5 atm.
Final answer:
Using the combined gas law, the new pressure of the nitrogen gas after it is expanded to 57.4 L and heated to 38
°C is approximately 1.267 atm.
Explanation:
To calculate the new pressure of the nitrogen gas after expansion and heating, we can use the combined gas law, which is an amalgamation of Boyle's, Charles', and Gay-Lussac's laws:
P1V1/ T1 = P2 V2/ T2,
where P1 and P2 are the initial and final pressures, V1 and V2 are the initial and final volumes, and T1 and T2 are the initial and final temperatures in Kelvin. Applying the given values:
P1 = 3.65 atm
V1 = 22.4 L
T1 = 22 °C + 273 = 295 K
V2 = 57.4 L
T2 = 38 °C + 273 = 311 K
By plugging these values into the combined gas law, we can solve for P2:
3.65 atm 22.4 L / 295 K = P2 57.4 L / 311 K
Now solve for P2:
P2 = (3.65 atm 22.4 L / 295 K) (311 K / 57.4 L)
After calculating, the final pressure P2 is found to be approximately 1.267 atm (when rounded to three significant figures).
What is the changing of substances to other substances by the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of bonds in products?
Answer:
Chemical change
Explanation:
Chemical changes occur through chemical reactions. In a chemical reactions, reactants combines together and gives new products. Chemical change is a kind of change in which new products are formed as a result of different bond combinations. They are often associated with the evolution and use of energy.
Chemical changes are not easily reversible and they require a considerable amount of energy. Examples of chemical changes are combustion, rusting of iron, precipitation e.t.c.
Carl's chemistry teacher asked him to make a 1 M sodium chloride solution. Carl measured 58.44 grams NaCl, added it to a volumetric flask, and then added enough water to make a 1 liter solution. Carl's lab partner told him that he had made the 1 M solution incorrectly. How would you respond to her comment regarding Carl's lab technique?
Answer:
After measuring the solute, Carl should first dissolve the solid in a small amount of DI water before diluting to the total volume.
Explanation:
To ensure that all the solute dissolves in the solution, first dissolve the solid in less than the total volume of solution needed.
Molarity is the moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of the solution.
1 M NaCl solution is 1 moles of NaCl in 1 L of the solution.
Here the solute is NaCl and its molar mass is 58.44 g/mol. So measuring out 58.44 g of NaCl gives 1 moles of NaCl. Carl then added water to bring the volume up to 1 Liter. Carl's lab technique is correct.
The inertness of the noble gases is due to
Answer:
The inertness of the noble gases is due to the fact that their outermost main energy level of electrons (valence shell) is full.Explanation:
Inertiness of the noble gases refers to their lack of reactivity, i.e. the stability provided by a full valence electron shell.
The noble gases are He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rd, and, the most recently discovered, Og.
They are located in the last column (18) of the periodic table.
Then, when you do the electron configuration of the noble gases, you find they have the outermost prinicpal energy level full. These are their electron configurations using the abbreviated form:
He: 1s²Ne: [He] 2s² 2p⁶Ar: [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶Kr: [Ar] 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶Rn: [Kr] 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶Being their valence orbitals full, these elements will not be very likely to exchange or share electrons, which is the reason of their inertness.
This does not mean that they do not react at all. Xe and F (the most reactive nonmetal) form some compounds.
The inertness of noble gases is due to their full outer electron shells, resulting in high ionization energies and low electron affinities which make them resistant to forming chemical bonds.
Explanation:The inertness of the noble gases is fundamentally due to their electronic configuration. Noble gases like helium, neon, argon, etc., all have their outer shell completely filled, usually achieving what is known as a full octet for elements beyond helium. This stable configuration of ns²p⁶ (where 'n' is the principal quantum number) in the valence shell means that they have high ionization energies, making it very difficult for these atoms to lose an electron. Similarly, their electron affinity is very low, as any gained electron would have to enter a higher energy level, making the binding of an extra electron quite weak. Consequently, noble gases are resistant to forming chemical bonds and are unreactive under normal conditions, aside from heavier noble gases like xenon that can form compounds under specific, high-energy conditions.
What is the equilibrium expression for this reaction?
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The equilibrium expression is
[products]/[reactants] and each is raised to its molar coefficient.
So:
[H2}^2[O2]/[H2O]^2
In a swimming pool, where is the greatest fluid pressure?
two meters below the surface
one meter below the surface
thirty centimeters below the surface
Answer:
two meters below the surface
Explanation:
In a swimming pool, the greatest fluid pressure will be two meters below the surface. Fluid pressure increases with depth, as such the deeper we go the higher the pressure do the increase in the water column above
Thallium-201 is a radioactive isotope that undergoes first-order decay. When the concentration of 201Tl is 0.0042 M, its half-life is 73.0 hours. What is the half-life of 201Tl when its concentration is 0.0136 M?(A) 51.0 hours(B) 73.0 hours(C) 123 hours(D) 236 hours
Answer:
(B) 73.0 hours.
Explanation:
It is known that the decay of a radioactive isotope isotope obeys first order kinetics.Half-life time is the time needed for the reactants to be in its half concentration.If reactant has initial concentration [A₀], after half-life time its concentration will be ([A₀]/2).Also, it is clear that in first order decay the half-life time is independent of the initial concentration.So, the half-life of 201Tl when its concentration is 0.0136 M is (B) 73.0 hours.
Under which set of conditions will the ideal gas law give the best approximation for the properties of a real gas?
Answer : A real gas behave ideally at high temperature and low pressure condition.
Explanation :
The conditions for ideal gas are :
Ideal gas are those gas that has no intermolecular attractions.
Ideal gas are those gas that have negligible volume.
The ideal gas equation is,
[tex]PV=nRT[/tex]
The conditions for real gas are :
Real gas are those gas that have intermolecular attractions.
Real gas are those gas that have volume.
The real gas equation is,
[tex](P+\frac{an^2}{V^2})(V-nb)=nRT[/tex]
Thus, A real gas behave ideally at high temperature and low pressure condition.
A teaspoon of powdered caffeine can be as deadly as a teaspoon of ricin.
True or False
A teaspoon of caffeine is NOT deadly as teaspoon of ricin
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
Powdered caffeine is not as deadly as ricin. Ricin is one of the most highly potent toxins in the world. A teaspoon of purified ricin powder can kill an adult human.
Powdered caffeine, on the other hand, is not as dangerous but it still being more dangerous than drinking a cup of coffee. Because a teaspoon of powdered caffeine is like drinking 28 cups of coffee. It is said than 2 teaspoons are able to kill a human.
I hope this answer helps you.
Write sentences that completely describe each of the chemical reactions shown in these skeleton equations. 11.1
If a sample has a mass of 1.25⋅102 g and a volume of 51 mL, what is its density?
Answer:
2.5 g/mlExplanation:
1) Data:
a) m = 1.25 × 10² g
b) V = 51 ml
d) density = ?
2) Principles and formulae:
Density is a concentration unit that tells the ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume.
Equation: d = m / VWhere d is the density of the substance, m is the mass, and V is the volume.
3) Solution:
a) Substitute the data into the equation:
d = m / V = 1.25 × 10² g / 51 ml = 2.45 g/ml.b) Use the correct number of significant digits: 2.45 g/ml must be rounded to two signficant figures, i.e. to 2.5 g/ml, since the volume was given with two significant digits.
What can acid rain do to buildings and statues
Answer:
Corrosion and dissolution
Explanation:
Acid rain typically can corrode metallic parts of buildings thereby weakening them. Acids can generally affect most compounds in which metals are no exceptions. We find corrugated roofing sheets becoming weaker and less durable as the rain persists. This is due to the acidity of the rain in such an environment.
Acids reacts vigorously with limestone. Limestone can be used in construction works and it is one of the key component of cements. In contact with acid rain, cemented plasters on buildings can be dissolved and rendered weak.
Marble is a metamorphic limestone. It is rich in calcium carbonate. Due to its beautiful nature, it is used in building statues and for a host of stone works. Acid rain can dissolve statues and also make them weak. This reaction defaces them.
Rank the following elements by electron affinity 1) fluorine 2) selenium 3) arsenic 4) potassum 5) argon
Answer:
Fluorine > Selenium > Arsenic > Potassium > Argon
Explanation:
Electron affinity describes the ability or readiness or tendency of an atom to gain an electron.
The higher the value, the higher the tendency. Electron affinity depends on the on the nuclear charge and atomic radius. When nuclear charge is more, electron affinity is high, when atomic radius increases electron affinity reduces.
Noble gases such as Helium, Neon, and Argon would have 0 affinity for electrons because of their stable electronic configuration. From the list, Ar is the least in terms of electron affinity.
Potassium is a metal with large electropositivity which describes the tendency of an atom to lose electrons. Potassium would readily lose electrons instead of gaining.
Between Arsenic and Selenium: Arsenic belongs to group V and Selenium group VI. The two elements both belong to period IV on the periodic table. Across a period, electron affinity increases due to increase in nuclear charge. Therefore, Selenium would have a greater electron affinity compared to Arsenic.
Fluorine has the highest electron affinity of all. It needs just an electron to complete its octet.
The ordering from highest to lowest electron affinity among Fluorine, Selenium, Arsenic, Potassium, and Argon is likely Fluorine > Selenium > Arsenic > Argon > Potassium. This ranking considers each element's tendency and willingness to accept an additional electron to form a negative ion.
Explanation:The question asks to rank Fluorine, Selenium, Arsenic, Potassium, and Argon by electron affinity. Electron affinity refers to how readily an atom accepts an additional electron to form a negatively charged ion, with a more negative EA value indicating greater attraction for the incoming electron.
Starting with Fluorine, with an electron affinity (EA) of -322 kJ/mol, which has a high electron affinity due to its atomic number (nine) and seven electrons in its valence shell, making it highly likely to bond with other atoms. However, its small valence shell size (n = 2) causes significant repulsion with other electrons already present.
Next is Argon, a noble gas that generally exhibits low electron affinities due to fully-filled valence orbitals, meaning they don't tend to attract additional electrons. Potassium and other alkali metals traditionally have very low (positive or close to zero) electron affinities since they prefer to lose an electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Lastly, nonmetals like Selenium and Arsenic, usually have higher electron affinities since they're more likely to gain an electron to complete their valence shells. Based on the trends in the periodic table, the rank from highest electron affinity to lowest would most likely be: Fluorine > Selenium > Arsenic > Argon > Potassium.
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What type of fermentation occurs in human muscle cells
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in human muscle cells.
In human muscle cells, lactic acid fermentation This typically happens when there is an insufficient oxygen supply, particularly during high-intensity activities causing muscle fatigue. The process involves a chemical reaction where pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid, with the help of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase.
Explanation:The type of fermentation that occurs in human muscle cells is lactic acid fermentation. This process typically happens when there's an insufficient oxygen supply, particularly during strenuous physical activities leading to muscle fatigue. The chemical reaction of lactic acid fermentation is Pyruvic acid + NADH ↔ lactic acid + NAD+, catalyzed by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase.
When oxygen is present, pyruvic acid is used in aerobic respiration. In the absence of oxygen, it is converted into lactic acid via lactic acid fermentation. This conversion recycles the enzyme NAD+ from NADH, allowing glycolysis to continue and facilitate high-intensity energy output in short bursts. Lactic acid produced must be removed from the muscles through blood circulation and transported to the liver for further metabolism.
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Peter throws a snowball at his car parked in the driveway. The snowball disintegrates as it hits the car. By Newton's third law, you know that both the car and the snowball exert a force on each other. What can you say about the magnitude of the forces exerted by the snowball and the car?
Answer:
The answer is A.
Explanation:
The force exerted by the car is more than the force exerted by the snowball.
Answer:
In the given case, the force applied by the car is equivalent to the force applied by the snowball. According to Newton's third law of motion, when an object employs a force on the other object, then the other object applies an equivalent and opposite force on the first object, and the law also considers that the two forces are also similar in magnitude and are opposing in direction.
In the mentioned question, it is considered that the force is applied by the snowball on the car, thus, it can be termed as the action force. Thus, the force employed by the car on the snowball is the reaction, and according to Newton's third law, the two forces are similar in magnitude, and thus, the force applied by the car is equivalent to the force applied by the snowball.