Final answer:
In a mixture of water and toluene, the bottom layer is water due to its higher density compared to the less dense toluene, which forms the top layer.
Explanation:
When water and toluene are mixed, two layers form due to their differences in polarity and density. Water is a polar molecule while toluene is nonpolar. Given the difference in densities, with water being more dense, the bottom layer will be water, and the top layer will be toluene. In a practical setting, this can be observed in a separatory funnel where the denser layer settles at the bottom.
Experiments often utilize this property of immiscibility, where the addition of water to a mixture can help in identifying the aqueous layer by its increase in volume. When toluene and water are mixed, the toluene would form the upper layer because it is less dense than water, in the same way oil forms a top layer when mixed with water.
Water and toluene are immiscible liquids, which means they do not mix together and form separate layers. In this case, water, being more dense than toluene, settles at the bottom. This can be observed when water droplets fall through the top layer to mix with the bottom layer.
Additionally, the higher mole fraction of toluene in the bottom layer also indicates that it is the toluene layer. Toluene and water form separate layers because toluene is less dense and immiscible in water.
A 0.08541 g sample of gas occupies 10.0-ml at 288.5 k and 1.10 atm. upon further analysis, the compound is found to be 13.068% c and 86.932% br. what is the molecular formula of the compound? (order: c, x)
PV = mRT: gas law.
M = [tex]\frac{n}{m}[/tex] : molecular mass
Use: M = [tex]\frac{mRT}{PV}[/tex]
Where
m = 0.04343 g
P = 1.10 atm
V = 0.0100 L
R = 0.08205746 (14) L atm K mole
T = 293.0 K
M: the molecular mass of the gas.
Then take the mass of this molecule, the molecular mass of the atom (C & Cl), and also the proportion of mass given to search out the amount of moles per mole of gas.
Further explanation
The chemical formula is a component of a formula, that has associate understanding of a substance that determines the kind and a relative range of atoms that area unit in this substance. Or in different languages, a formula are often given that contains data concerning the atoms that form up a selected chemical composition.
Chemical formula is split into 2 specifically chemical formula and formula. The formula announces that the formula mentioned will prove the molecules of the mix atoms. whereas the formula is that the original formula of a composition. The chemical formula are often determined if the relative molecular mass is thought.
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Class: highschool
Subject: Chemistry
Keywords: Mole, Formula, Mass
Fill in the blanks: when an atom absorbs energy, the electrons move from their _________________ state to an _________________ state. when an atom emits energy, the electrons move from a(n) _________________ state to their _________________ state and give off _________________.
Answer:
When an atom absorbs energy, the electrons move from their ground state to an Excited state. when an atom emits energy, the electrons move from an excited state to their ground state and give off energy(radiation).
Explanation:
In An atom electrons sphere the positively charged nucleus in different energy orbits.
The low energy orbits present near the nucleus and high energy orbits are farther from the nucleus. when an electron absorbs energy it becomes excited and jumps to a high energy state and when it loses energy as the radiation it gets back to its ground state or low energy state.
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When a chemical reaction takes place, the starting substances (substances that will undergo the change) are called _____.
Question 2 options:
products
mixtures
reactants
yeilders
Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and most commonly, a mass number of 16. thus, what is the atomic mass of an oxygen atom?
What are the subatomic particles that are responsible for comprising the atom's atomic mass?
The group of elements that tend to be found as toxic gases or liquids in their pure form including chlorine, bromine and iodine are called alkali metals true or false
Final answer:
The group of elements including chlorine, bromine, and iodine are called halogens, not alkali metals. Halogens are highly reactive nonmetals in Group 17, while alkali metals are reactive metals in Group 1.
Explanation:
The statement that the group of elements including chlorine, bromine, and iodine are called alkali metals is false. These elements actually belong to a group known as the halogens, which are part of Group 17 in the periodic table. The halogens include fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At), and are notorious for being highly reactive nonmetals. The term halogen means "salt-former," which indicates their tendency to react with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals to form halide salts. Chlorine exists as a toxic gas, bromine as a liquid, and iodine as a solid at room temperature.
In contrast, the alkali metals make up Group 1 in the periodic table and include elements such as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). These elements are quite different from the halogens, as they are highly reactive metals. With the exception of hydrogen, which is often placed in Group 1 but is not a metal, alkali metals tend to combine with halogens to form compounds like table salt (sodium chloride).
In the carbon-oxygen cycle, carbon dioxide is used for _____ and oxygen is used for _____. respiration, photosynthesis ozone, respiration photosynthesis, respiration evaporation, condensation
photosynthesis ozone and condensation good day
2na + cl2 → 2nacl in this chemical reaction a very reactive metal, sodium, combines with a poisonous gas and results in the formation of ordinary table salt. in the chemical reaction ______________ is the product.
Answer:
NaCl is the product
Explanation:
The "stickiness" of water results from the ______________ bonding of water molecules.
Find the ratio of the volume divided by the temperature for the first data pair. Use significant figures.
V / T = 0.72/276
From the pair of values given, the ratio of the volume to the temperature for the first data pair is, 0.0026 cm^3/K
What is a ratio?A ratio is a comparison betweentwo quantities showing how much one quantity cobtains another.
From the data provided, the first data pair is as follows:
temperature = (276 K)volume = 0.72 cm^3Ratio of volume to temperature = volume/temperature
Ratio = 0.72/276
Ratio = 0.002608 cm^3/K
The significant rule for division is the least number of significant figures used in the operation.
The least significant figure of the values given is 2.
Therefore, the ratio of the volume to the temperature for the first data pair is 0.0026 cm^3/K
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Answer:
They're both 0.0026
How is the mass in grams of the element converted to amount in moles
why scientists use mass instead of weight for their measurements
Is soda an element compound heterogeneous mixture or solution?
The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter.
Which best describes the process that arrow 1 represents?
Molecules are speeding up during boiling.
Molecules are depositing as ice on a surface.
Molecules are slowing down during condensing.
Molecules are moving from stationary positions.
Answer : Option A) Molecules are speeding up during boiling.
Explanation : As shown in the above image it is clearly observed that the molecules are been transformed from liquid to gaseous state. Which means that the intermolecular distance between the molecules is increasing as they are boiling and getting transformed into gaseous form. They are speeding up to form gas from liquid state and achieve stability as the heat is supplied in greater amount. Boiling of liquid is causing the liquid molecules to speed up and get transformed into gaseous molecules.
How many grams of c2h5oh must be burned to raise the temperature of 400.0 ml of water from 20.0 ∘c to 100.0 ∘c? (the specific heat of water is 1.00 cal/g⋅∘c or 4.184 j/(g⋅∘c)?
Someone help me please
Give an example of something that is observable but does not contain matter.
Explain.
The best example I can give that is observable but does not contain matter is:
sunlight or simply light
Light does not contain matter because it is a beam of energy or to be specific made up of packet of photons.
During which stage of technological design are prototypes built
Answer:
option A, implement a solution.
Explanation:
The elements in group 7a are known by what name? transition metals halogens alkali metals alkaline earth metals noble gases
The elements in group 7A of the periodic table are known as halogens, which include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
Explanation:The elements in group 7A of the periodic table are known as halogens. This group includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. In the periodic table, various groups have specific names. For example, group 1 elements are called alkali metals, group 2 elements are known as alkaline earth metals, group 18 elements are termed noble gases, and similarly, group 7A elements are named as halogens. Halogens have similar properties as they all have seven electrons in their outermost shell and readily gain an electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.
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[03.04]Based on the electronegativity values shown in the table below, which element would you expect to form a nonpolar covalent compound when combined with chlorine (Cl)? Pauling scale periodic table showing Cl is 3.0; Cu is 1.9; F is 4.0; Li is 1.0; N is 3.0 Cu F Li N
Answer:
C. Nitrogen
Explanation:
Nonpolar covalent bonds are a type of bond that occurs when two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other. An example of a nonpolar covalent bond is the bond between two hydrogen atoms because they equally share the electrons.
A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have the same electronegativity and therefore have equal sharing of the bonding electron pair.
The element with the same electronegativity value aas Cl is the correct option.
This is Nitrogen.
Why is a very small amount of cerium oxide nanoparticles need: A) the nanoparticles are elements
B) the nanoparticles are very reactive
C) the nanoparticles have a high surface area of volume ratio
A very small amount of cerium oxide nanoparticles is needed due to their high surface area to volume ratio, which enhances reactivity and efficiency in chemical applications such as catalysis.
The answer is C) the nanoparticles have a high surface area to volume ratio. This high surface area to volume ratio is significant because it provides more active sites for reactions to occur. In the field of nanotechnology, substances like cerium oxide nanoparticles demonstrate different and often enhanced properties when compared to their bulk counterparts due to their tiny size (between 1 and 100 nm). As particles become smaller, their surface area becomes larger in comparison to their volume, which is particularly significant for chemical reactions which typically occur on surface sites.
The properties that arise from this high surface area to volume ratio include lower melting points, higher vapor pressures, and increased reactivity. Specifically, nanoparticles like cerium oxide are highly efficient in applications such as heterogeneous catalysis, where reactions occur at the surface of the catalyst. A small amount of these nanoparticles can provide a large surface area, thus making reactions more efficient and reducing the amount of material required.
If zinc chloride weighs 136.28 g/mol, what is its molecular formula? show calculations
The molecular formula of zinc chloride, which has a molar mass of 136.28 g/mol, is ZnCl2. This was determined by summing the molar mass of one zinc atom and two chlorine atoms.
Explanation:To find the molecular formula of zinc chloride, we need to know the atomic masses of zinc and chlorine. The atomic mass of zinc is approximately 65.38 g/mol whereas chlorine has an atomic mass of approximately 35.45 g/mol. Since we know that zinc chloride is composed of one zinc atom and two chlorine atoms (ZnCl2), we can calculate the molar mass as follows:
So, the molecular formula for zinc chloride is ZnCl2.
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The molecular formula of zinc chloride, given a molar mass of 136.28 g/mol, is determined to be ZnCl2 by dividing the difference between the molar mass and the atomic mass of zinc by the atomic mass of chlorine and finding that there are approximately two chlorine atoms per zinc atom.
Explanation:The molecular formula of zinc chloride can be determined using its molar mass of 136.28 g/mol and the atomic masses of zinc (65.38 g/mol) and chlorine (35.45 g/mol). If we assume the formula is ZnClx, where x is the number of chlorine atoms, we can calculate x as follows:
Molar mass of ZnClx = atomic mass of Zn + (x)(atomic mass of Cl)
136.28 g/mol = 65.38 g/mol + (x)(35.45 g/mol)
Solving for x gives us:
x = (136.28 g/mol – 65.38 g/mol) / 35.45 g/mol
x ≈ 2
Therefore, the molecular formula of zinc chloride is ZnCl2.
List the following minerals in order of decreasing hardness: apatite, calcite, corundum, feldspar, and talc.
Explanation:
Mohs scale is a scale that represents hardness of different minerals in increasing order from bottom to top.
So, according to Mohs scale hardness of given minerals is rated as follows.
Apaptite is at number 5.
Calcite is at number 3.
Corundum is at number 9.
Feldspar is at number 6.
Talc is at number 1.
Therefore, given minerals in order of decreasing hardness are listed as follows.
Corundum > Feldspar > Apaptite > Calcite > Talc
The job outlook for physical therapists
A) is weak to very poor.
B) depends on the economy.
C) will remain stable.
D) will improve over time.
D) will improve over time.
Physical therapists are extremely skilled experts in the evolution and purpose of the human body. The purpose of a physical therapist is to improve the patient's capacity to move, reduce anxiety, restore employment, and prevent incapacity. Physical therapy is a requisite element of inpatient care here is a high demand for physical therapists in the workforce. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the profession of physical therapists is required to grow by 36 percent from 2014 to 2024, much durable than the average for all professions.
The job outlook for physical therapists is projected to improve over time, due to increasing demands from aging populations and those with chronic conditions that impact mobility.
The job outlook for physical therapists D) will improve over time. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment of physical therapists is projected to grow much faster than the average for all occupations. Demand for physical therapy services will come from aging baby boomers, who are staying active later in life. Physical therapists will also be needed to treat people with mobility issues stemming from chronic conditions, such as obesity or diabetes.
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Which element has the same number of energy levels as aluminum (Al) and the same number of valence electrons as calcium (Ca)?
A. Beryllium B. Sodium C. Potassium D. Magnesium
The correct answer is Magnesium (Mg)
The element that has the same number of valence electrons with calcium (Ca) and aluminium (Al) energy levels is D Magnesium.
Since aluminium (Al) belongs to the third period of the periodic table, it has three energy levels (electron shells). As Group 2 of the periodic table correlates to the number of valence electrons, calcium (Ca) has two valence electrons.
Aluminum (Al) and magnesium (Mg) both have three energy levels and two valence electrons (Ca). As a result, magnesium (Mg) satisfies the requirements.
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A beer maker is using yeast to make his favorite brew. how does yeast produce ethanol? through the reduction of acetaldehyde, derived from pyruvate through the oxidation of acetaldehyde, derived from pyruvate through the direct reduction of pyruvate, similar to lactic acid fermentation directly from the reduction of glucose through the reduction of lactic acid
How many sugar molecules are in 0.734 mol sugar, C6H12O6? Please explain
What does henry miller mean when he says "Life moves on,whether we act as cowards or heroes"?
Which of the following describes the characteristics of a gas?
Made up of particles packed closely together, having both definite shape and definite volume
Made up of particles packed relatively close together, having an indefinite shape but a definite volume
Made up of particles that are far apart from each other, having both indefinite shape and indefinite volume
Made up of positively charged particles and negatively charged electrons, having both indefinite shape and indefinite volume
Answer: The correct statement is made up of particles that are far apart from each other, having both indefinite shape and indefinite volume
Explanation:
There are 4 states of matter:
Solid state: In this state of matter, the particles are closely packed and they do not have any space between them. Thus, this state of matter has the highest intermolecular forces of attraction between them.This state have a definite shape and volume.
Liquid state: In this state of matter, the particles are present in random and irregular pattern. The particles are closely arranged but they can move from one place to another. The intermolecular forces between the particles are less as compared to the solid state.This state have a definite volume but does not have a fixed shape and they can take up the shape of container in which they are kept.
Gaseous state: In this state, the particles are loosely arranged and have a lot of space between them. Thus, this state of matter has the lowest intermolecular forces of attraction between them.This state have indefinite volume as well as shape. It can take up the volume and shape of the container in which they are kept.
Plasma state: In this state of matter, a hot ionized gas consisting of equal number of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons are present.This state have indefinite volume as well as shape.
Hence, the correct statement is made up of particles that are far apart from each other, having both indefinite shape and indefinite volume
Nacl , or halite, dissolves in water. which type of bond is most abundant which allows it to dissolve?