The brain is protected by the bones of the skull and by a covering of three thin membranes called meninges. The brain is also cushioned and protected by cerebrospinal fluid.
What “trait” determines whether two animals belong to the same species?
A. Their physical appearance
B. Their ability to breed with one another
C. Their environment they live in
D. Their evolutionary relationship to humans
Answer:
the right answer should be a
Explanation:
The trait that determines whether two animals belong to the same species is their ability to breed with one another. The correct option is B.
What are traits?Traits are also called characters, which are both, physical traits and internal traits. The traits of the organisms from the same species are also different due to variation.
If the organism can breed and produce fertile offspring, then they can be said to be of the same species.
Thus, option B. Their ability to breed with one another is correct.
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In the food web diagram which TWO organisms are secondary consumers?
Lizard
Grasshopper
Grass
Rabbit
Hawk
Mouse
Snake
Afood webino Grassland Ecosystem with Flve Possible food chain
Hawk, Lizard
Lizard, Snake
Rabbit Shake
Mice and Snakes.
Note that some lizards are secondary consumers and some are primary consumers (ex. Komodo Dragons are primary consumers)
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Enzymes have a three-dimensional shape that is related to their tanction and makes
reaction are called ______
A. products
B. catalysts.
C. substrates
D. active sites.
ur answer is A. products
Enzymes have a three-dimensional shape that is related to their tanction and makes reaction are called D. active sites.
The correct answer to the question is D. active sites.
Enzymes have a specific three-dimensional shape known as their 3D structure.This specific shape includes an active site, where substrates bind.The active site is a special pocket within the enzyme that fits the substrate like a lock and key.Once the substrate binds to the active site, the enzyme can catalyze the reaction, converting the substrate into products.Select the correct answer. In a molecule of water, how many electrons are shared between each hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom?
it is o for oxygen because I studied it
Answer:
Two electrons
Explanation:
The oxygen atom shares one pair of valence electrons with each hydrogen atom. Each pair of shared electrons represents one covalent bond, so two covalent bonds hold the water molecule together.
Maria has B blood type and she married Tony who has A blood type. Neither of them knows if they are homozygous or heterozygous. What are the potential phenotypes of their offspring?
AB,AO,BO are the only blood type these's couples can produce
what is the input and output in photosynthesis?
Inputs- light energy, water and carbon dioxide
Outputs -Oxygen and glucose.
Explanation;Photosynthesis inputs are water, carbon dioxide, and light energy, while the Outputs are Oxygen and glucose.During photosynthesis, plants produce glucose from simple inorganic molecules; carbon dioxide and water, using light energy.The inputs of photosynthesis are light energy, and matter in the form of water absorbed through the roots, and carbon dioxide absorbed through the leaves.The outputs are glucose which is used by the plants to generate energy required to drive cellular processes, and oxygen which is required in cellular respiration.In photosynthesis, water, CO₂ and minerals are the inputs, while oxygen and sugar molecules are the outputs.
Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in green plants and certain other organisms.
Green plants utilize light energy during photosynthesis to transform carbon dioxide, water and minerals into oxygen- and energy-rich organic molecules.
The chloroplast in plant cells is where photosynthesis occurs. Along with solar energy, photosynthesis also requires water absorbed through the soil and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as inputs.
Oxygen and sugar molecules are the outputs of the many reactions that have taken place.
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describe the three motions of earth’s moon
1) daily rotation
2) annual revolution
3) annual tilting of its axis
Explain how temperature affects the fermentation process during yogurt production
➷ Temperature would speed up the fermentation process until a certain point. At approximately 55 degrees Celsius, the yogurt cultures would be destroyed.
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The function of the starter cultures is to ferment lactose (milk sugar) to produce lactic acid. The increase in lactic acid decreases pH and causes the milk to clot, or form the soft gel that is characteristic of yogurt. The fermentation of lactose also produces the flavor compounds that are characteristic of yogurt.
Why might humans want to influence traits in domestic organisms?
They may want an organism of a certain trait suits a pet or for household security. Therefore will breed the best of these lines for these specific traits. Humans may want a pet to be mild, furry, small, and cute. For security, humans will prefer fierce, big and tenacious traits in an organism.
What does analyzing data and graphs or charts allow you to do
Determine a average of something.
Answer:
The graphs and charts contain a large amount of data that is represented in simple words or in terms of numbers. These pieces of information are displayed in a proper and well-oriented way that helps in the interpretation of any topic. These graphs and charts comprised of data are obtained after performing an experiment and they are very widely used. These can be made by hand or can be generated by using computers.
Thus, they are very efficient and easily highlight the important points and very appropriate to understand regarding any particular topic.
what characteristics of water is most helpful to fish in a lake
Answer:
D. water is able to hold dissolved oxygen
Explanation:
Dissolved oxygen (DO) can enter water by diffusing across the surface of water from the air, or as a byproduct of photosynthesis by other aquatic organisms like plants and algae. Each aquatic organism, like land-dwellers, has specific oxygen requirements. Fish use DO for the process of respiration, where they obtain oxygen from the surrounding water using their gills. Anoxic conditions, where oxygen levels are low usually result in significant deaths in fish populations.
One of the first breakthroughs in biotechnology was the discovery of the gene that makes insulin. What was the first step of this process?
A. Scientists used the codon table to find the possible sequence of mRNA
B. Scientists mixed small portions of manufactured DNA with DNA from the pancreas
C. Scientists made DNA to match each possible sequence of mRNA
D. Scientists found the DNA in the pancreas that matched the manufactured DNA
Answer:
The correct answer is option C, that is, scientists made DNA to match each possible sequence of mRNA.
Explanation:
In order to produce insulin, the human insulin-producing gene is extracted from the pancreas cell, after that the probable mRNA sequence for insulin is obtained. The bacterial DNA along with the restriction enzyme is utilized to produce the recombinant DNA of the human insulin-generating gene. The recombinant DNA is then presented into the bacterium, the bacteria comprising recombinant DNA then proliferate to produce human insulin.
Answer:d
Explanation:it’s right
Excess fluids and proteins in the body are returned to the bloodstream by
A. HEART
B. ARTERY
C. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
D. THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
I think the answer is D.
Hope this helps.
Which best describes how our understanding of DNA and inherited traits has changed over time
It was developed by many scientists over many decades.
Explanation;DNA is a type of nucleic acid that contains two long, twisted strands, known as double helix, that contain complementary genetic information.A gene is a segment of DNA that is passed down from parents to children and confers a trait to the offspring.The traits an organism displays are ultimately determined by the genes it inherited from its parents, known as genotype.Our understanding of DNA and inherited traits has changed over time since it has been continuously developed by many scientists over may decades.can physiological disease be cured
Therapy can help, but most of the times a physiological disease cannot be cured.
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HELP PLEASE I need help!!
1: B continental drift
2. A subduction
each line (unit) on the vertical axis represents:
Each line on the vertical axis of a graph represents a particular value of the dependent variable. The value depends on the scale chosen for the graph.
In graphs, the vertical axis also known as the y-axis, typically represents the dependent variable in a given equation or relationship. Each line or unit on the vertical axis usually corresponds to a particular value or measurement of this variable. For example, in a bar graph illustrating the grades obtained by a group of students, each line in the vertical axis might represent a number of students with certain grades (e.g., 1 line = 5 students, 2 lines = 10 students etc.). The specific value that each line represents depends on the scale chosen for the graph.
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Analogies for Binary fission and conjunction for bacteria growth and reproduction.
Answer:
The both have an exponential increase in the number
Explanation:
In binary fission, when one atom is split, the neutrons produced split more atoms and the more atoms are split, the more neutrons are produced that split more atoms. In bacteria reproduction one (1) bacteria vegetatively reproduces into two (2) bacteria and the two reproduce into four (4) and the four into eight (8) and etcetera.
which area has the greatest elevation difference?
a. close to nixon lane
b. in the lowland marsh
c. at the Colorado river
d. near major highway
Answer:
I think the answer would be Nearest the major highway
Explanation:
Near major highway area has the greatest elevation difference.
What is elevation difference?The difference in height, the vertical separation between two places is referred to as the difference in elevation.
Leveling is a fundamental procedure in topographical surveys that measures elevational disparities.
Major highwayMajor Highway refers to a road with such designation on the Highway Plan; it must have four or more traffic lanes and a typical right-of-way of 100 feet.
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how does temperature change from the surface of the earth and into space?
a. falls, rises, falls
b. continually falls
c. rises, falls, rises.
d. continually rises
C it will be c because earth has water
A particular (blank) is the source of penicillin
fungi.
A particular fungi is the source of penicillin
The particular fungus that is the source of penicillin is of the genus Penicillium. This fungus was discovered by Alexander Fleming and is responsible for producing the antibiotic known as penicillin, which has been vital in treating bacterial infections.
Penicillin is a groundbreaking antibiotic that was discovered in 1928 and has since transformed the treatment of bacterial diseases. The genus Penicillium was observed by Fleming as being effective against bacteria due to the substance it released. This substance was later called penicillin. Notably, penicillin G, a narrow-spectrum antibiotic, contains three major functional groups which are vital for its antibacterial activity. These include the thiazolidine ring, the beta-lactam ring, and a variable side chain. Each of these functional groups comprises two simpler functional groups. For instance, the beta-lactam ring includes an amide bond and a four-membered lactam ring. The discovery and use of penicillin marked a new era in medicine, saving countless lives and highlighting the significance of accidental discoveries in scientific breakthroughs. Penicillin G is normally administered intravenously or intramuscularly and remains an essential treatment option for several bacterial diseases.
What happens in each of the two phases of photosynthesis
The two stages of photosynthesis: Photosynthesis takes place in two stages: light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions). Light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, use light energy to make ATP and NADPH.
In photosynthesis, there are two stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. In the light-dependent reactions, energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy. In the light-independent reactions, this chemical energy is used to build sugar molecules from carbon dioxide.
Explanation:Photosynthesis, the vital process by which plants and certain other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy, unfolds in two distinct stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle). These stages are intricately connected and serve as the foundation of energy production and carbon fixation in autotrophic organisms.
Light-Dependent Reactions:
Location: These reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
Function: Light-dependent reactions capture and convert light energy into chemical energy, typically in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH).
Process: Chlorophyll and other pigments absorb light energy, which triggers the flow of electrons through the photosystems (Photosystem II and Photosystem I). This electron transport chain pumps protons (H⁺ ions) into the thylakoid space, creating a proton gradient.
Outcome: The proton gradient drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase. Simultaneously, electrons reduce NADP⁺ to form NADPH.
Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle):
Location: These reactions occur in the stroma of chloroplasts.
Function: Light-independent reactions utilize the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) into organic molecules, primarily glucose.
Process: The Calvin cycle incorporates CO₂ into a five-carbon sugar molecule called ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP). The enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) facilitates the initial fixation of CO₂. The subsequent reduction and regeneration phases ultimately yield glucose and regenerate RuBP for continuous cycling.
Energy Carriers:
ATP and NADPH, generated during the light-dependent reactions, serve as energy carriers that transport chemical energy from the thylakoids (where light is absorbed) to the stroma (where carbon fixation occurs).
These energy-rich molecules power the conversion of CO₂ into glucose during the Calvin cycle, making them essential for the synthesis of organic compounds.
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explain why stratospheric ozone protection has been considered an environmental success story
Answer:
Ozone gas in stratosphere is considered as an environmental success because of its protective role.
Explanation:
Ozone is both hazardous and beneficial gas depending on where it is found. On ground or troposphere it has harmful impact on the health of living organisms and can trigger asthma. On the other hand, Stratospheric ozone protects us from harmful UV radiations that are coming from the Sun. It acts as a sheath around Earth which reflects the unwanted UV radiations back in space,which otherwise would cause various diseases and skin cancer. Ozone hole is the depleted region above in the atmosphere where Ozone has vanished due to several human activities. One of those regions lie above the Antarctic.
Stratospheric ozone protection is hailed as an environmental success story due to the effectiveness of the Montreal Protocol, which led to a decrease in ozone-depleting substances like CFCs and resulted in the gradual recovery of the ozone layer. This showcases the power of global cooperation and policy in resolving environmental challenges and reducing health risks.
Explanation:Stratospheric ozone protection is considered an environmental success story because it showcases successful international cooperation in addressing a serious environmental issue. The Montreal Protocol, an international agreement signed in 1987, aimed to phase out the production and uses of ozone-depleting substances, notably chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). This concerted effort has led to a significant reduction in emissions of CFCs and other harmful chemicals, allowing the ozone layer to begin a slow process of recovery.
The beneficial ozone layer, found in the upper atmosphere, forms a protective shield that absorbs much of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation. When scientists discovered that CFCs released into the atmosphere were causing the depletion of this layer, creating the infamous 'ozone hole', global action was triggered. The success is evident in the shrinking size of the ozone hole and the 20% improvement in ozone depletion since 2005. However, constant vigilance and monitoring are still needed as ongoing challenges such as illegal emissions threaten these recovery efforts.
Overall, the protection of the stratospheric ozone is an encouraging example of how global policy can reverse and potentially resolve significant environmental threats. The reduction in skin cancer risks and the positive trajectory of ozone regeneration underscore the importance of maintaining these efforts for future population health and ecological stability.
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Please select the word from the list that best fits the definition Is the same size as Earth, has no moons, and has a thick atmosphere of mostly carbon dioxide
Mercy
Mars
Earth
Venus
Answer:
Venus
Explanation:
The solar system has total eight planets. The first four planets are inner planets. They have rocky surface. These are- Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.
Mercury and Venus do not have moons. Mercury is the smallest planet. Venus has the same size as Earth. It also has a very thick atmosphere which has mostly carbon dioxide.
Mars is smaller in size than Earth and has two moons-Phobos and Deimos.
Thus, the correct answer is Venus.
If a group of ________ species lived together in a small area, the carrying capacity of that area would probably collapse quickly.
R-strategist species. These species are those who reproduce quickly and have lots of offspring. Their rapid population growth would overwhelm the carrying capacity.
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Answer:
The correct answer is k-selected species.
Explanation:
Unlike the r-selected species, the size of the population of K-selected species is fairly the same with time. The r-selected species generally lies below the carrying capacity, and the size of the population is density-independent. On the other hand, the K-selected species are generally at or close to the carrying capacity and the size of the population is density-dependent.
How can minerals crystallize from materials dissolved in water? (Select 2 choices )
1. From the air
2. From solutions that evaporate
3. From hot water solutions when water boils
4. From hot water solutions when the solution cools
5. From the soil
Answer:
The correct options are:
2. From solutions that evaporate
4. From hot water solutions when the solution cools
Explanation:
The substances that can form minerals can be dissolved in the water to form a solution. Solution can be described as as a mixture in which a solute is dissolved in a solvent. When a particular dissolved solute evaporates from the solution, crystals of minerals might form. The mineral halite was formed when seas evaporated over a period of time.
The minerals can also be formed when a hot water solution gets cooled.
Answer:
B,D
Explanation:on edge
Which organelle do you think is involved in autolysis? Explain
Lysosomes. Autolysis is initiated by the cells' lysosomes releasing digestive enzymes into the cytoplasm. These enzymes are released due to the cessation of active processes in the cell, not as an active process.
Matter is _.
A. The amount of energy contained within an object.
B. A measure of the force gravity exerts on an object.
C. Something that has mass and occupies space.
D. A measure of an object’s initial force.
(I think it’s C? I’m not sure.)
The answer is c, because matter is what everything is made up of
Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter exists in various forms and can undergo physical and chemical changes.
The correct option is C .
Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space. It includes all substances and objects around us, such as solids, liquids, gases, and even particles like atoms and molecules. Matter can be physically measured, and it is one of the fundamental concepts in physics and chemistry.
Matter exists in various forms and can undergo physical and chemical changes. It is the basic building block of the universe, forming everything we observe in the natural world. Understanding matter is crucial for comprehending the properties and behavior of substances and their interactions in various scientific disciplines.
Hence , C is the correct option
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DNA carries the instructions to make ?
Proteins.
Protein synthesis (process includes transcription and translation):
The DNA sequence is copied (transcribed) by mRNA in the nucleus then translated in ribosomes which will instruct tRNA to collect specific amino acids to bring back to the ribosome by reading 3 letters at once (called codon, and one codon codes for 1 amino acid). Those amino acids will attach to each other and when the sequence codes for stop, it stops, and a protein forms.
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Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the instructions for making proteins. Like DNA, proteins are polymers: long chains assembled from prefab molecular units, which, in the case of proteins, are amino acids. A large molecular machine* called the ribosome translates the mRNA code and assembles the proteins.
Heat is a form of? what is it?
Heat is a form of energy.
Answer:
heat is the form of energy
By law of conservation of energy
"Energy Neither be created nor be destroyed"
it can only transfer in one form to another form
-TheUnknownScientist