Final answer:
The most desirable shape for larger cells is one that maximizes surface area to volume ratio for efficient exchange of nutrients and waste, often a sphere. Various cell shapes can also result from functional requirements or physical constraints influencing cellular function.
Explanation:
The most desirable shape for larger cells would be one that maximizes the surface area to volume ratio, to ensure efficient exchange of nutrients and waste. Cells that are too large may not be able to support the rate of diffusion required for their volume due to a decreased surface area-to-volume ratio. Spherical shapes tend to be the most efficient in terms of surface area-to-volume ratio because as the cell increases in size, a sphere's surface area increases as the square of its radius, while its volume increases as the cube of its radius.
Considering two cells, a spherical cell with a diameter of 5 µm would likely exchange nutrients and wastes more efficiently than a cubed-shaped cell with a side length of 7µm. The surface area-to-volume ratio for a sphere is higher than that of a cube, resulting in shorter distances for nutrients and wastes to travel to and from the cell's periphery, leading to faster molecular exchange rates.
Cell shapes can also be affected by physical forces and functional requirements. For example, red blood cells adopt a biconcave disc shape to optimize the exchange of oxygen, whereas nerve cells have long extensions to aid in signal transmission. Thus, while most cells approximate a sphere for efficiency, different shapes can arise from the cell's necessity to fulfill specific roles within an organism.
Human waste, excreted from the digestive system, _____.
Human waste, excreted from the digestive system, _____.
is considered sterile
contains about 50 percent bacterial cells
has passed through the liver
started as food delivered to the stomach via the tracheaï‚· how many cells are produced at the end of mitosis and meiosis
How does inappropriate land use, such as removing vegetation from hillsides and plowing fields parallel to a hillside, affect the erosion rates of that landscape? Explain your answer.
Answer:
increase in erosion
Explanation
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A non-random influence affecting which species survives or reproduces is called:
A non random influence affecting who survives or reproduces is selective pressure. A selective pressure is considered to be a phenomenon in which behaviors of the living organisms are being driven to evolution and the natural selection in which they are also divided in to two types.
Growth on the macconkey agar and na plates was recorded as good growth poor growth. what did you use to establish what constituted good growth?
Microbiological experiments are conducted to analyse the growth pattern and capabilities to consume a substrate and undergo multiplcation in number and mass for multiple microbes. Generally, agar or brotg remains the preliminary substrates for analysis of microbial growth. The usual practices include dilution of the stock solution, plating on the plate and observations after a growth period of atleast 24 hours. The number of colonies appearing on the plate are observed and counted manually or automatically. Using appropriate mathematical formula, the actual number of microbial units can be calculated in thw stock solution.
Thus, based upon number of colonies appearing on the plate, the growth can be distinguished as following:
1. No growth: this refers to no appearance of any growth on plate, neither diluted nor stock solution.
2. Poor growth: Qualitatively, poor growth refers to appearance of only 10 or less number of colonies in the stock solution. Such stocks are further concentrated and re-analysed for growth.
3. Good growth: Good microbial growth refers to appearance of 15 or more colonies in the stock solution. Such solutions are considered as moderately concentrated in nature.
Thus, based upon the above mentioned qualitative analyses, the nature of growth can be determined easily.
Which of the following is not an example of a molecule?
Mn
H2s
KOH
03
All _____ stimuli and responses are inborn, such as salivating at the sight of food.
Which two factors can speed up the process of evaporation?
________ is a common boundary where different parts of a system interact.
Answer:
The answer is the interface
Explanation:
Interface is defined as the surface between two portions of matter or the space in which they have a common boundary. For example, the interface allows to know the separation surface between two liquids. In addition to this, the interface allows molecules or particles to cross the membrane, for example, what happens in the osmosis process.
What will happen to a muscle in the body when its nerve supply is destroyed?
Which molecules do mammals use to store extra glucose in their muscles?
A.Starch
B.Glycogen
C.Baleen
D.Myosin
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The membranes of neurons at rest are very permeable to _____ but only slightly permeable to _____. hints the membranes of neurons at rest are very permeable to _____ but only slightly permeable to _____. na+; cl– k+; na+ k+; cl– na+; k+
Neuronal membranes at rest are highly permeable to potassium ions (K+) and slightly permeable to sodium ions (Na+), which contributes to the neuron's resting membrane potential.
The membranes of neurons at rest are very permeable to potassium (K+), but only slightly permeable to sodium (Na+). In its resting state, a neuron's cell membrane has numerous potassium leak channels that allow for the efflux of K+ ions, contributing to the negative resting membrane potential inside the neuron. On the other hand, the permeability of the neuron's membrane to Na+ is significantly lower; there are very few sodium leak channels, and the Na+ ions that do enter are actively pumped out by the sodium-potassium pump.
Serotonin is derived from the amino acid tryptophan and is an important neurotransmitter.
a. True
b. False
Which types of vaccines described on the website are examples of live vaccines? explain your reasoning?
After interacting with a preschooler, the nurse concludes that the child has normal development according to fowler’s spiritual development. which behavior of the child supports the nurse’s conclusion?
The mpf protein complex turns itself off by _____.
Final answer:
The MPF protein complex turns itself off by the targeted degradation of its cyclin subunit towards the end of mitosis, allowing the cell to progress to the next stage of the cell cycle.
Explanation:
The MPF protein complex turns itself off by initiating the degradation of its cyclin subunit. MPF, also known as Mitosis Promoting Factor, is composed of two subunits: cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk). While levels of cdk remain relatively constant, the levels of cyclin vary, accumulating during the G₁ phase and peaking at mitosis before they are targeted for degradation. This degradation process involves proteasomes that break down cyclin, leading to the inactivation of MPF towards the end of mitosis. The breaking down of cyclin is a critical step in ensuring that MPF activity ceases, allowing the cell to exit mitosis and enter the G₁ phase of the cell cycle.
What do you get when you cross a shark with a snowball?
What stomach secretion is needed to produce mature erythrocytes?
A camel's hump is an example of what adaptation
What are the benefits/risks associated with the addition of antibiotics and genetically modified
e. coli to cattle feed?
if you start with a single bacterium, capable of dividing every 20 minutes, how many bacteria would you have after just 4 hours
Answer:
4096
Explanation:
Multiple 1 (original bacterium) by 2, 12 times
1*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2 = 4096
4096 bacteria would be present after 4 hours as they grow via binary division.
What is bacteria?Bacteria is prokaryotic unicellular microorganism.They are found in extreme harsh conditions.Bacteria has hair like structure that helps in their locomotion.Bacteria grow through binary division.What do you mean by binary division?It is a type of cell division in which one cell give rise to two identical daughter cells.As it is given that bacteria divides at every 20 minutes mean 2 cells are formed from 1 cell. And after 40 min 8 (2∧n) bacterial cells are present.
After 4 hours i.e., 240 min= 240/20=12.
So 2∧12 = 4096 cells are present.
Hence, the answer is 4096 bacterial cells.
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Why are microdeletions and microinsertions difficult to diagnosis using karyotyping?
Karyotyping is unable to diagnose microdeletions and microinsertions due to its limitation to detect changes on a micro-scale. While it can identify larger genetic alterations, the minute changes caused by microdeletions and microinsertions are too small to be accurately observed.
Explanation:The reason why it is difficult to diagnose microdeletions and microinsertions using karyotyping is that the methodology of karyotyping typically involves visualizing the chromosomes in a cell, and the size of the deletions or insertions that can be easily observed via this technique are typically rather large, such as whole chromosomes or significant portions of them. While karyotyping is effective in identifying gross chromosomal alterations such as those in Down syndrome (extra chromosome 21) or Turner syndrome (only one X chromosome in women), it does not offer a high resolution for smaller changes on a micro-scale. Microdeletions and microinsertions involve changes of a very small number of base pairs, too small to be accurately captured by karyotyping. Therefore, these minute changes might get unnoticed in a karyotype.
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Decomposers consume nonliving organic matter. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
What are polysaccharide serves as long-term glucose storage in the liver and muscle cells of animals ?
A.starch
B.cellulose
C.Chitin
D.Glycogen
Answer:
The answer is D. Glycogen
Explanation:
Glycogen is an energy reserve polysaccharide, which is the main source of blood glucose. Its main function is to be an unlimited energy source for the organism. As is known, glucose is necessary to produce energy in the living being and to perform all the processes that occur in an organism. Glycogen is abundantly found in the liver and in smaller amounts in the muscles.
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The wolves and moose of Isle Royale are the focus of the longest-running study of a predator-prey system in the wild. Both are recent arrivals to Isle Royale: moose swam to the island in the early 1900’s. Wolves followed decades later, traveling over the ice from Canada in the 1940’s.About 40 years into the study, the wolf population crashed when humans introduced the canine-parvovirus. Additional factors over the years have impacted both populations. At one point during the study, the moose population collapsed during the most severe winter on record followed by an outbreak of moose ticks. What point on the graph represents the outbreak of moose ticks and a drastic decline in the moose population? A) Point A B) Point B C) Point C D) Point D
The question asks for a point on a graph which indicates an outbreak of moose ticks and a rapid decline in the moose population in the context of a predator-prey system study. The point of interest should show a notable drop in the moose population, after a decrease due to a harsh winter and before any significant downward trend in the wolf numbers.
Explanation:Without the accompanying graph, it's difficult to definitively point out which point represents the outbreak of moose ticks and the consequent drastic decline in the moose population. However, given the context, you'd want to look for a point in the graph where there's a significant drop in the moose population. This point should fall after the first major decrease representing the severe winter and before any major decreases in the wolf population, if such data is represented in the graph. An understanding of the predator-prey system and effects of disease outbreaks on such systems can aid interpreting the graph.
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Cell division seems to be limited by the length of chromosomal structures called ____________.
Which memory system is preserved the longest, even into alzheimer's disease?
How does the serratus anterior function as an antagonist to the rhomboid muscles?
The serratus anterior functions as an antagonist to the rhomboid muscles by performing protraction of the scapula, which is the opposite action of the rhomboids' retraction of the scapula.
Explanation:The serratus anterior is a large and flat muscle that originates on the ribs and inserts onto the medial border of the scapula. Its primary function is to pull the scapula forward and around the rib cage, a motion known as protraction. This movement is opposite to that of the rhomboid muscles, which retract the scapula by pulling it towards the vertebral column.
Antagonistic muscles have opposite actions. When the serratus anterior contracts, it works against the rhomboids. If the rhomboids are contracting to bring the scapula medially (retraction), the serratus anterior will be relaxed. Conversely, when the serratus anterior contracts to move the scapula laterally (protraction), the rhomboids will be relaxed. This opposition is what makes the serratus anterior an antagonist to the rhomboids.
When animal cells undergo cell division, several cellular structures aid the the movement of chromosomes into the two new daughter cells. What are these cellular structures? A) DNA and the resulting transcribed RNA. B) Nuceolus and the proteins it produces. C) Centrioles and the spindle fibers they produce. D) Smooth ER and the proteins produced and packaged there.