The elements in the noble gas family share the property of being extremely unreactive due to their full valence shells. This makes them stable and resistant to forming compounds.
Explanation:The elements in the noble gas family, also known as Group 8A, share the property of being extremely unreactive. This is because they have a full valence shell of electrons, making them stable and unlikely to form compounds. The noble gases are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. These gases are characterized by their full outer subshell and large ionization energies, which make them highly stable and resistant to forming chemical bonds.
Noble gases, found in Group 18 of the periodic table, are extremely unreactive due to having a full valence shell of electrons, leading to stable noble gas configurations and high ionization energies. They are gases at room temperature and are used in situations requiring minimal reactivity.
Explanation:The elements of the noble gas family all share the property of being extremely unreactive, and this is due to each having a full valence shell of electrons. For helium, this means two valence electrons, and for the others, like neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, it is eight valence electrons. The full valence shell makes noble gases very stable and not inclined to participate in chemical reactions that involve the transfer or sharing of electrons. This unique characteristic can be traced to their position in Group 18 (or 8A) of the periodic table, where all elements are gases at room temperature.
Because the noble gases have their outermost electron shell completely filled, they naturally have the most stable electron configuration possible, which is known as a noble gas configuration. Other elements strive to achieve a similar configuration by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons. The full valence shell also means that the noble gases have high ionization energies, which means they do not easily lose electrons, and would only accept an extra electron at a significantly higher and less stable energy level. These properties explain why the noble gases are found in their elemental form in nature and are used in applications where minimal reactivity is desired.
What was the problem with Rutherford's model? a. It described a nucleus. c. It could not explain the chemical properties of elements. b. It did not include electrons d. It described quantums.
Will 1 gram of sugar or 1 gram of salt dissolve more quickly which one
What are the first ten elements of the periodic table?
Why can't calcium hydroxide be written caoh2?
What components did you collect to convert your two molecules of pyruvate to acetyl-coa?
Final answer:
In biology, high school students learn about the conversion process of pyruvate into acetyl CoA for the Krebs cycle. The components involved include Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Enzyme, Acetyl CoA, and Oxaloacetate.
Explanation:
In the process of converting three-carbon pyruvate molecules into two-carbon acetyl groups for entry into the Krebs cycle, several components are involved:
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Enzyme: This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl Coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) in the mitochondrial matrix.
Acetyl CoA: The two-carbon molecule formed from the conversion of pyruvate, ready to enter the Krebs cycle.
Oxaloacetate: A four-carbon molecule in the Krebs cycle that combines with acetyl CoA to initiate the cycle by forming citrate.
Water solutions of ionic substances that conduct electricity are called
Which description below represents a hydrocarbon?
a. an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms
b. an organic compound that contains the maximum number of hydrogen atoms
c. an organic compound that contains fewer than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms
d. a group of compounds in which there is a constant increment of change in molecular structure from one compound in the series to the next?
In the experiment involving hydrated copper sulfate, overheating causes a high calculated percent value for water. why is the high reading obtained?
Final answer:
Overheating in a hydration experiment of copper sulfate can cause decomposition of the substance, leading to an elevated calculation of water content due to additional weight loss incorrectly assumed to be water.
Explanation:
In the experiment involving hydrated copper sulfate, overheating can lead to a high calculated percent value for water because it may cause the copper sulfate to decompose further into copper oxide and sulfur dioxide, or lose additional bound water that is not part of the water of crystallisation. These additional losses are assumed to be water, resulting in an incorrect, elevated calculation of the water content. The precise weighing of starting and ending products is crucial to determine the amount of water in copper sulfate accurately.
What is the concept of galactic recycling?
Calculate the average molar bond enthalpy of the carbon-hydrogen bond in a ch4 molecule.
Answer:
415.825 kJ/mol.
Explanation:
Average enthalpy = [tex]\Delta H_f(CH_4)-4\Delta H_f(H)-\Delta H_f(C)[/tex]
Now, [tex]\Delta H_f(CH_4)=-74.6 kJ/mol[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_f(H)=218 kJ/mol[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_f(C)=716.7 kJ/mol[/tex]
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Putting all these values above.
We get,
Average enthalpy=-1663.3 kJ.
Therefore, averagemolar bond enthalpy= [tex]\dfrac{1663.3 }{4}=415.825\ kJ/mol.[/tex]
Hence, this is the required solution.
What is one characteristic of a sample of matter that indicates it is a pure substance?
A) It can be separated using by a physical means, such as filtering.
B) The components in a pure substance do not have to be in definite ratios.
C) If the composition of a sample varies, the sample is a pure substance.
D) If the composition of a sample is fixed, the sample is a pure substance.
Answer:
The answer is D) on USA Test prep
Explanation:
The human body obtains 835 kJ of energy from a chocolate chip cookie. If this energy were used to vaporize water at 100 ∘C, how many grams of water could be vaporized? The heat of vaporization of water at 100 ∘C is 40.7 kJ/mol. Assume that the density of water is 1.0 g/mL.
Answer:
Amount of water that can be vaporized = 369 g
Explanation:
Heat content of the cookie (q) = 835 kJ
Latent heat of vaporization of water (ΔHvap) = 40.7 kJ/mol
Density of water = 1 g/ml
Calculation:
Heat content of cookie = Heat absorbed by water
q = n(ΔHvap)
n = moles of water
n = q/ΔH = 835 kJ/ 40.7 kJ/mol = 20.516 moles
Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol
Mass of water = moles * molar mass = 20.516 moles * 18 g/mol = 369.3 g
The hemoglobin content of blood is about 15.4 g/100ml blood. the molar mass of hemoglobin is about 64500 g/mol, and there are four iron (fe) atoms in a hemoglobin molecule. you may want to reference ( page ) section 3.1 while completing this problem. part a approximately how many fe atoms are present in the 6 l of blood in a typical adult?
The total number of iron (Fe) atoms in 6 L of blood in an adult human can be found by converting the volume of blood to the mass of hemoglobin, converting that to the moles of hemoglobin, and then considering how many Fe atoms that would be. It turns out to be approximately 3.44 x 10^23 Fe atoms.
Explanation:To approximate the number of iron (Fe) atoms in the 6 L of blood in an adult human, we must first convert the volume of blood to the mass of hemoglobin it contains. From the information provided, we know that blood contains about 15.4 g of hemoglobin per 100 ml. Therefore, in 6 L of blood, we have approximately 9240 g of hemoglobin, obtained by a simple conversion from liters to milliliters, then multiplying by the concentration of hemoglobin (15.4 g/100ml).
Next, we need to understand how many moles of hemoglobin that would be. The molar mass of hemoglobin is around 64500 g/mol. So, 9240 g of hemoglobin is about 0.143 mol.
Because there are four Fe atoms in each hemoglobin molecule, this is equivalent to 0.572 mol of Fe atoms. To calculate the actual number of Fe atoms, we multiply this by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 mol^-1), resulting in about 3.44 x 10^23 Fe atoms.
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During combustion, chemical energy stored in fossil fuels is converted into _____ energy.
I do believe is Mechanical Energy
If a thermometer outside your classroom indicates a temperature of 61 degrees Fahrenheit, what is the temperature in degrees Celsius
Answer:That would be 16.1 degrees Celsius
If a solution contains 1 x 106 hb molecules, how many o2 binding sites are available? if the solution of hb is 50% saturated with o2, how many binding sites are occupied by o2? if the hb solution is 23% saturated with o2, how many binding sites are occupied by o2?
Actually each molecule of Hb can bind four oxygen molecules. So given 1 x 10^6 Hb, so there are 4 x 10^6 binding sites available.
If only 50% of the Hb are bound, so this means that 2 x 10^6 binding sites are occupied by O2. However we must remember that hemoglobin binding is an all-or-nothing phenomenon. Meaning that each molecule of Hb binds four molecules of oxygen or zero at all.
If 23% is saturated, so the number of binding sites occupied is 0.92 x 10^6 binding sites or 9.2 x 10^5 binding sites.
When patterning a shotgun, what is a sufficient percentage of pellets within a 30-inch circle? at least 25% of the load, concentrated in the center at least 35% of the load, with even distribution at least 45% of the load, concentrated in the center at least 55% of the load, with even distribution?
When patterning a shotgun, a sufficient percentage of pellets within a 30-inch circle depends on the specific shooting requirements and preferences. However, a commonly recommended standard is to have at least 55% of the load with an even distribution within the 30-inch circle.
Having 55% of the load with an even distribution within the 30-inch circle ensures a dense and consistent pattern, increasing the chances of hitting the target effectively. It is important to note that individual shooting styles and the intended use of the shotgun may vary, so it is advisable to pattern the shotgun and adjust the load distribution accordingly for optimal performance.
Hence, at least 55% of the load, with even distribution, is prescribed.
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If samples of silver and lead each had volumes equal to 1cm3 which sample would have the greater mass and what would the difference in the masses be
Density of Silver = 10.5 g / cm^3
Density of Lead = 11.34 g / cm^3
So the masses of each given a volume of 1 cm^3 is:
mass of Silver = 10.5 grams
mass of Lead = 11.34 grams
So we see that Lead has greater mass for similar volume.
The difference is:
11.34 – 10.5 = 0.84 grams
Will platinum (pt) metal react with a lead(ii) nitrate solution?
To answer this question, we must first look at the reactivity series table. From the table, we can see that those which are located above are the most reactive while those below are less reactive. Which means that elements cannot replace those elements which are above them.
From the series, platinum is below lead, hence there will be no reaction.
Answer:
No reaction
Final answer:
Platinum (Pt) does not react with a lead(II) nitrate solution because of its low reactivity, indicated by its position near the bottom of the activity series, which means it will not displace lead to form a new compound.
Explanation:
Platinum metal (Pt) is a highly inert metal and does not react easily with other substances. In the activity series, which is a list of metals arranged in order of their reactivity with acids and water, platinum is near the bottom, indicating very low reactivity. Considering the context provided about reactions of lead compounds, such as the reaction of lead(II) nitrate with potassium iodide to form a precipitate of lead(II) iodide, we can infer a similar lack of reactivity would apply to platinum in this case.
While lead(II) nitrate reacts with potassium iodide to form a precipitate of lead(II) iodide, such a double-replacement reaction is not likely to occur between platinum and lead(II) nitrate. The reason is that platinum will not displace lead from its salt because lead is above platinum in the activity series. Therefore, no reaction between Pt metal and lead(II) nitrate solution would be expected. Since the question appears to be about the reaction profiles of different metals, we have determined that there is no reactive interaction between these specific substances.
using hooke's law F spring equals K triangle X find the force needed to stretch a spring 2cm if it has an elastic constant of 3 N/cm
Data:
Hooke represented mathematically his theory with the equation:
F = K * x
On what:
F (elastic force) = ?
K (elastic constant) = 3 N/cm
x (deformation or elongation of the elastic medium) = 2cm
Solving:
[tex]F = K * x[/tex]
[tex]F = 3\:\dfrac{N}{\diagup\!\!\!\!\!\!cm}*2\:\diagup\!\!\!\!\!\!cm[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\boxed{F = 6N}}\end{array}}\qquad\checkmark[/tex]
Answer:
C. 6 N
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The force needed to stretch the spring 2 cm is 6 N.
Hooke's Law states that the force exerted by a spring is directly proportional to the displacement from its equilibrium position, and this force is expressed as [tex]\( F = k \Delta x \),[/tex] where [tex]\( F \)[/tex] is the force exerted by the spring, [tex]\( k \)[/tex] is the spring constant (elastic constant), and [tex]\( \Delta x \)[/tex] is the displacement from the spring's equilibrium position.
Given:
- The displacement [tex]\( \Delta x \)[/tex] is 2 cm.
- The spring constant [tex]\( k \)[/tex] is 3 N/cm.
Using Hooke's Law, we can calculate the force [tex]\( F \)[/tex] as follows:
[tex]\[ F = k \Delta x \] \[ F = (3 \, \text{N/cm}) \times (2 \, \text{cm}) \] \[ F = 6 \, \text{N} \][/tex]
Therefore, the force needed to stretch the spring 2 cm is 6 N.
What is the difference between applied and pure chemistry?
Which ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials?
The voltage-gated ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and is involved in the generation and spreading of action potentials. As the membrane depolarizes, voltage-gated sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to enter the muscle fiber, leading to the spread of action potential.
Explanation:The ion channel that opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials is known as a voltage-gated ion channel. As the membrane depolarizes, voltage-gated sodium channels are triggered to open. Sodium ions then enter the muscle fiber initiating a process known as excitation-contraction coupling which results in an action potential, a transmission of an electrical signal, swiftly spreading along the entire membrane. This mechanism is critical to the function of neurons and muscle fibers.
Typically, the voltage of the inner portion of the membrane is negative. When this voltage becomes less negative, the voltage-gated channel allows ions to cross the membrane. It is also worth noting, that voltage-gated channels can become inactivated for a brief period after activation, during which they will not open in response to a signal.
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Explain why an atom may go through nuclear decay but another won't? use examples to support your answer.
Which atoms in the cfc molecule can destroy thousands of ozone molecules in the upper atmosphere?
Write a possible full set of quantum numbers for the electron gained when a bromine atom (br) becomes a bromide ion (br−).
The possible values of all quantum numbers for the electron gained by Br atom to form [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^-}[/tex] is [tex]\boxed{n=4,\;l=1,\;{m_l}=1,\;{m_s}=-\frac{1}{2}}[/tex]
Further explanation:
Quantum numbers:
Quantum numbers govern the size, energy, shape, and orientation of an orbital. The four quantum numbers are as follows:
1. Principal Quantum Number (n): It denotes the principle electron shell. The values of n are positive integer (1, 2, 3,…).
2. Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l): It represents the shape of an orbital. The value of l is an integer from 0 to (n-1). (Refer to the table in the attached image)
3. Magnetic Quantum Number[tex]\left( {{m_l}} \right)[/tex]: This quantum number represents the orientation of the orbital in space. The value of [tex]{m_l}[/tex]lies between –l to +l. The formula to calculate the value of [tex]{m_l}[/tex] is as follows:
[tex]{m_l}=-l,(-l+1),.....,0,1,2,.....,(l-1),l[/tex]
Therefore, the total number of [tex]{m_l}[/tex] values for a given value of l is 2l+1.
4. Electron Spin Quantum Number[tex]({m_s})[/tex]: It represents the direction of the electron spin. Its value can be [tex]+ \frac{1}{2}[/tex]or[tex]- \frac{1}{2}[/tex].
The atomic number of bromine (Br) is 35 and its electronic configuration is [tex]\left[ {{\text{Ar}}} \right]\;3{d^{10}}4{s^2}4{p^5}[/tex]. When it gains an electron, it forms [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^ - }[/tex] whose electronic configuration becomes [tex]\left[ {{\text{Ar}}} \right]\;3{d^{10}}4{s^2}4{p^6}[/tex].
The principal electron shell in [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^ - }[/tex] is 4p. So its principal quantum number for the added electron in [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^ - }[/tex] is 4.
The angular momentum quantum number for p orbital is 1. So the value of l for the added electron in [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^ - }[/tex] is 1.
The value of magnetic quantum number for the electron in [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^ - }[/tex] ranges from -1 to 1, including 0. But by convention this electron is added to [tex]{p_z}[/tex] orbital so the value of [tex]{m_l}[/tex] for the added electron in [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^ - }[/tex] is 1.
The spin quantum number has two values, either [tex]+ \frac{1}{2}[/tex] or [tex]- \frac{1}{2}[/tex]. But the electron added in Br is the second electron being added to [tex]{p_z}[/tex] orbital so by convention, the value of [tex]{m_s}[/tex] for the added electron in [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^-}[/tex] is [tex]{\mathbf{ - }}\frac{{\mathbf{1}}}{{\mathbf{2}}}[/tex].
The possible set of four quantum numbers for the electron gained by Br atom to form [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^ - }[/tex] is n = 4, l = 1, [tex]{m_l} = 1[/tex] and [tex]{m_s} = - \frac{1}{2}[/tex].
Learn more:
1. Allowed values of [tex]{m_l}[/tex]: https://brainly.com/question/2920448
2. Calculation of volume of gas: https://brainly.com/question/3636135
Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Structure of the atom
Keywords: quantum numbers, Br, Br-, electron, 35, electronic configuration, n, l, ml, ms, principal quantum number, angular momentum quantum number, electron spin quantum number, magnetic quantum number, n = 4, ml=1, ms=-1/2, l=1.
True or false: if two atoms are in the same group they have the same number of electron shells.
Hey Brainly Student! Your answer us true, SUPRISE FACT ABOUT ATOMS!!: When you think of an atom what do you think of? Problily a small circle with afew rings around it right? Well, actually an atom doesnt look like that at all!! An atom looks sort of like the Solar System, and the little rights are like the rotation the planets spin in, also the little star like balls/dots dont actually go around the atom's center, but go in many diffrent places it can be far from the atom, or can be very close! An atom is unpredictable, so there is no correct answer to where the atom's little balls/dots will end up next. I hope this helped, and also hope you liked/loved the Fun-Fact!! Your fellow Brainly user, GalaxyGamingKitty
Which of these was a characteristic of the rutherford model of the atom, but not the thomson model?
In which process is glucose oxidized to form two molecules of pyruvate?
Glycolysis is the biological process where glucose is oxidized to form two molecules of pyruvate. Here, glucose is broken down using ATP and NAD+, generating energy for the cell and creating substrates for the Krebs cycle in the presence of oxygen.
Explanation:The process in which glucose is oxidized to form two molecules of pyruvate is known as glycolysis. In the presence of ATP and NAD+, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, yielding a net gain of two ATP and two NADH molecules. These molecules carry high-energy electrons that are used later to produce even more ATP in the mitochondria. If oxygen is present, the pyruvate continues to the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle) for further processing and energy extraction. Thus, glycolysis is a crucial step in cellular metabolism, converting glucose into usable energy and preparing it for further oxidation in the Krebs cycle if aerobic conditions are met.
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What is the mass number of an oxygen isotope that has nine neutrons? what is the name of this isotope?
Isotopes are the forms of same element with same atomic number but different mass number due to different number of neutrons. The name of isotope of oxygen is Oxygen-17.
What is element?Element generally consist of atoms or we can atoms combine to form element. Atoms of an element is always same, means all the properties of all atoms of one type of element is same. Different element have different types of atoms.
Oxygen-16 has atomic number 8, which means number of electron is 8 , number of proton is 8 and number of neutron is also 8. If we increase the number of neutron by 1 that is 9 then the mass number of oxygen will be increased by 1 that is 17. Now the new element is oxygen-17 which is an isotope.
Therefore, the name of isotope of oxygen is Oxygen-17.
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Why pressure increases as a gas is compressed into a smaller volume?