What effects do you think the environment had on human evolution? What effects did human evolution have on the environment?

Answer:

With the arrival of the Europeans to America, an intense ideological debate was unleashed on the nature of its inhabitants for their incorporation, expulsion or destruction of the territories that would be dominated by the Spanish Empire. This controversy was resolved with the rejection of the Crown to its slavery and, therefore, the incorporation of the aboriginal population as subjects with all their rights.

Thus, from the beginning of the sixteenth century, the laws of the Spanish Crown established that the aborigines would not be subjected to slavery, but to a regime of servitude called encomienda, by which they were given to Spanish encomenderos. The encomienda regime established that the aborigines had to work obligatorily for the encomendero, at the same time that the latter was obliged before the Crown of care and "evangelization" of the aborigines. One of the most famous critics of the encomienda system was Fray Bartolomé de las Casas, whose most representative work is the Brevísima relation of the destruction of the Indies.

Answer:

It means that the party the excerpt is talking about fears that the American ruling party action against the people`s desire for freedom and independence.

Explanation:

The spirits of 1776 are often identified as an intention to seek freedom, liberty independence and the ability to become responsible for their destiny. So the phrase states that the party in topic fear that the American Rulers try to stop that desire of freedom, liberty, and independence. Because that would take the power away from them, and the American Rulers will not want that. Suggesting that the party of concern likes that spirit and wishes it prevails in people, so they can act and take the power away from the Americans.

The Great Compromise, or the Connecticut Compromise, was needed due to the different viewpoints of larger and smaller states while forming the U.S Constitution. Larger states wanted representation based on population, while smaller states demanded equal representation. The Great Compromise bridged these views by creating a bicameral legislature with a Senate (equal representation) and a House of Representatives (representation based on population).

The Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, was necessitated by differing points of view between larger and smaller states during the creation of the U.S Constitution. The larger states, favoring the Virginia Plan, wanted voting representation to be based on the population of each state to ensure their predominance. On the other hand, smaller states backed the New Jersey Plan, pushing for equal representation to avoid possible dominance by larger states.

The Great Compromise effectively bridged these opposing viewpoints by creating a bicameral (two house) legislature. In the Senate, each state, regardless of size, was given equal representation, satisfying smaller states. In the House of Representatives, representation was based on population, appeasing the larger states.

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Final answer:

Franz Boas is considered the founder of North American cultural anthropology. He emphasized direct ethnographical research and had significant influence on the study and methods of the discipline, laying the groundwork for modern anthropological practices.

Explanation:

Founder of North American Cultural Anthropology

The founder of North American cultural anthropology is Franz Boas. A German scientist with initial training in physics, Boas's anthropological career blossomed at Columbia University. His insistence on acquiring ethnographical information directly from the peoples of interest, as opposed to referring to published sources, solidified his reputation in the field. Boas's commitment to establishing rigorous field research standards is still recognized as a foundational contribution to contemporary anthropological practices.

Boas was particularly involved with the cultures of the Native peoples of the Northwest coast of North America, where he spent 29 months in fieldwork between 1886 and 1900. His teachings heavily influenced his students, like Ruth Benedict, Margaret Mead, and Edward Sapir, who continued to expand on his work and contributed significantly to fields such as medical anthropology and psychological anthropology.

Critics of early anthropology have pointed out the discipline's complicity in colonialism. However, Franz Boas stands apart for his methods, which have informed a more respectful and scientific approach to cultural studies and ethnography, a legacy that echoes through the work of his students and further generations of anthropologists.

The cartoon depicts the early American colonies as a snake divided into eight segments.  Toward the head of the snake, “NE” represents New England, followed by “NY” (New York), “NJ” (New Jersey), “P” (Pennsylvania), “M” (Maryland), “V” (Virginia), “NC” (North Carolina) and “SC” (South Carolina).  Even though there were four “New England” colonies, Franklin lumped them into one category to stress the need for colonial unity. At the time, the colonists fiercely debated expanding west of the Appalachian Mountains and fighting the French and their Indian allies.

The answer in the space provided is revise. It is because this is the main purpose of the delegates in the Philadelphia during the 1787 is to be able to revise the confederation articles that were signed and were to be approved of.

The late 1700s and early 1800s revolutions were mainly driven by the philosophical based enlightenment about new forms of government. The earlier forms were replicated and replaced by the more democratic forms of government. Also a series of nationalist uprising was triggered which led to the formation of new nation-states.

The event was the marriage between John Rolfe who was a tobacco planter and Poahontas who was the daughter of the chief of the Powhatan Indian confederacy.
This marriage, which took place in 1604, brought peace between both parties. They had a son named “Thomas” from this marriage. Poahontas died in England years later while John Rolfe was killed in a massacre.

The Third Anglo-Powhatan War led to the Native American tribes acknowledging English sovereignty. This, in combination with the transition of labor source from Indentured servitude to slavery, led to the end of the conflict between Jamestown settlers and American Indians.

The end to conflict between the Jamestown settlers and the American Indians resulted from decisive occurrences during the series of wars known as the Anglo-Powhatan Wars. The Third Anglo-Powhatan War (1644-1646) ended with the Powhatan acknowledging King Charles I as their sovereign. The English responded by annihilating every Powhatan village around Jamestown; between the wars and this intense attack, it significantly helped in ending the conflict between the settlers and Native Americans.

Another contributing factor was the transition of labor source from indentured servitude to slavery, initiated in the West Indies and followed in the Chesapeake colonies. This played a role in reducing tension between the settlers and the Native peoples, as the settlers shifted their dependence from the Native people to enslaved Africans and Indigenous people for labor.

With the English increasingly establishing themselves as dominant and powerful forces, the Native American tribes had limited options and resources to carry on the conflict. The imbalance of powers after these events helped expedite the end of the conflict between them.

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Answer:

Washington established a Cabinet even though it was not mentioned in the Constitution.

The Cabinet of the United States was created by President Washington at the beginning of its first term, as an advisor and consultative body for the president, made up of the secretaries of the Department of War, the Department of the Treasury, and the Department of State, in addition of the Attorney General and the Vice President.

This Cabinet was not explicitly stated in the constitutional text, but its creation was protected by different principles inserted in it.

La Follette voted for Wilson’s progressive measures but resisted U.S. involvement in World War I. He voted against the declaration of war in 1917. He voted against bills creating a military draft and authorizing the use of borrowed money to meet war costs. Senators attacked him for disloyalty, and he was in danger of receiving censure. But the war ended and Republicans needed his vote to control the Senate. As a result, the censure move died. After the war he opposed the Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations. He felt the treaty would lead only to “an unjust peace which could only lead to future wars.”

The Wisconsin Idea, introduced by La Follette, had the most lasting impact on American government.

The la follette reform that had the most lasting impact on American government was the Wisconsin Idea. La Follette introduced this concept during his time as governor of Wisconsin. The Wisconsin Idea involved hiring experts to research and advise in drafting legislation to improve conditions in the state. This idea influenced other states and led to the development of a more professional and expert-driven approach to governance.

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Answer:

Mound Builders

Explanation:

Islam in Spain has had an important incidence in the culture and history of the nation. By the time 'Abd al-Rahman get hold of Spain, the Arabs from North Africa were already rooted on the Iberian Peninsula and had started to write one of the most magnificent chapters in Islamic history. It is normally held that the relative ease that the Arab/Berber armies dominated the Iberian Peninsula with was due to the centralized nature of government under the rule of the Visigoths. The invasion of Spain occurred due to the expanding of Muslim influence in the North of Africa and the destabilized state of Visigothic Kingdom due to civil wars. It is also thought that Muslims were requested to invade Spain by one of the feuding parties.

Final answer:

The Knapp Commission was the 1970's organization tasked with investigating and combating corruption in New York City's police department. It reflected the ongoing national struggle against political corruption and contributed to efforts like the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 to promote transparency and meritocracy in public service.

Explanation:

The 1970's commission that focused on combating corruption in New York City was the Knapp Commission. This commission came into existence partly due to public outrage over corruption revealed by the whistle-blowing police officer Frank Serpico, which exposed widespread bribery and corruption within the New York City Police Department. The commission played a pivotal role in investigating corrupt police practices and developing recommendations for reform. This was a reflection of the ongoing efforts to bring reform from the local level to the forefront of political action to address and combat the deep-seated issue of political corruption and inefficiency that had plagued U.S. cities for decades.

Much like earlier historic battles against corruption led by figures such as Samuel J. Tilden against Boss Tweed's Tammany Hall, this commission represented a continued struggle by reformers to address the entrenchment of unethical conduct in government and its agencies during that period. The commission showcased the growing demand for transparency and accountability in public service, which also led to significant national changes like the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978, which introduced the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) and the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB). These agencies were designed to ensure a fairer and more merit-based system of employment in the civil service, which would be less susceptible to corruption and political manipulation.

The correct answer is:

the Olmec

Explanation:

The opportunities for various arguments happen because the words that indicated in the constitution were both do not dehydrated or have different values of what the contemporary community used to. This is why the Judicial display is created whenever there is a legislation that considered to upset the laws lettered in the figure.

Answer:

The correct answer is the last option:

"It ensures that the law is applied without bias and that suspects accused of crimes are treated fairly".

Explanation:

The rules of criminal procedure are very important for an accused person as they aim to guarantee the constitutional process. Criminal convictions may result in the payment of fines, imprisonment and loss of civil liberties.

The criminal procedure refers to the rules that define the way in which a criminal case should be handled as it advances through the criminal court system.

Many criminal cases begin with an arrest. However, before the police can arrest someone, they must have probable cause to do so. Once the person is arrested, they must inform the person of the charges against him/her and the person has the right to request a lawyer.