How many moles are in 63 grams of water (H2O)?
To find the number of moles in 108 grams of water, divide the given mass by the molar mass of water, which is 18.02 grams per mole. The number of moles is 6.
Explanation:To determine the number of moles in 108 grams of water (H2O), we can use the molar mass of water as a conversion factor. The molar mass of water is 18.02 grams per mole. So, to find the number of moles, divide the given mass by the molar mass:
Number of moles = Mass of water / Molar mass of water
Number of moles = 108 g / 18.02 g/mol
Number of moles = 6 moles.
P3F4 is a(n) _________.
A. ionic compound
B. metallic compound
C. covalent compound
D. None of these
Answer:
Covalent Compound
Explanation:
Answer via Founder's Education/ Educere
P3F4 is a covalent compound , therefore option (c) is correct.
What is covalent bond?A covalent bond is a chemical bond in which pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. The covalent bond is also called a molecular bond.
The forces of attraction or repulsion between two atoms, when they share electron pair or bonding pair, is called as Covalent Bonding.
Covalent bonding occurs between non-metal elements when pairs of electrons are shared by atoms.
Atoms will covalently bond with other atoms to attain the nearest noble gas electron configuration.
P3F4 is a covalent compound , hence option (c) is correct.
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Which three of the five items would be best to include in a safety contract?
In a safety contract, important items to include are rules regarding the use of safety equipment, procedures for handling emergencies, and guidelines for reporting unsafe conditions.
Explanation:When designing a safety contract, it's crucial to include items that promote health and safety. Three items that would be beneficial to include in a safety contract are: Rules regarding the use of safety equipment, Procedures for handling emergencies and Guidelines for reporting unsafe conditions.
Rules regarding the use of safety equipment - This includes knowing when and how to use protective gear like gloves, helmets, eye protection, etc. These rules can prevent accidents and protect individuals from harm.Procedures for handling emergencies - This refers to the appropriate actions to take in case of an emergency. For instance, knowing the location of fire exits, first aid kits, or who to contact during an alarming situation.Guidelines for reporting unsafe conditions - Encouraging individuals to report when they notice anything potentially hazardous can prevent accidents from occurring. It promotes a culture of safety and awareness.Each of these provisions are essential components that strengthen the safety and well-being of all participants involved.
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When mixing HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq) of the same concentration (1.0 m) to produce 100 mL of product solution what volume ratio produces the largest temperature change
Answer:
See explaination
Explanation:
We have to understand the reason of temperature change , when NaOH reacts with HCl neutralization reaction occurs producing energy. When this released energy is absorbed temperature is increased.
So when 1 mole off NaOH reacts with 1 mole of HCl reacts 57.3 KJ of energy is released .
During a reaction for , when equivalent number of moles reacts higher energy will be produced.
If 80 ml HCl and 20 ml NaOH reacts , then only 20 ml NaOH reacts with 20 ml of HCl and rest 60 ml is not reacting.
But when 60 ml HCl and 40 ml NaOH reacts 40 ml of each are reacting, so energy produced will be higher.
so B > A
For II the observed phenomena is already discussed as higher number of moles of HCl and NaOH reacts so , due to which higher energy is released and thus temperature is higher.
50 ml of each HCl and NaOH produces largest temperature change , as higher number of moles of HCl and NaOH reacts so , due to which higher energy is released and thus temperature is higher.
Which statement correctly describes the location and charge of the protons in an atom?
Answer:
Protons are located in the nucleus and have a positive charge and a mass of 1.
Explanation:
Know about protons, neutrons, and electrons.
A student is given 50.0mL of a solution of Na2CO3 of unknown concentration. To determine the concentration of the solution, the student mixes the solution with excess 1.0MCa(NO3)2(aq) , causing a precipitate to form. The balanced equation for the reaction is shown below.
Na2CO3(aq)+Ca(NO3)2(aq)→2NaNO3(aq)+CaCO3(s)
(a) Write the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when the solutions of Na2CO3 and Ca(NO3)2 are mixed.
Answer:
Ca(aq)⁺² + CO₃⁻²(aq) → CaCO₃(s)
Explanation:
Breaking down the equation into ionic form gives:
2Na⁺(aq) + CO₃⁻²(aq) + Ca⁺²(aq) + 2NO₃⁻¹ (aq) → 2Na⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻¹(aq) + CaCO₃(s)
Eliminating all the same ionic states on both sides of the equation gives following final equation
Ca(aq)⁺² + CO₃⁻²(aq) → CaCO₃(s)
Net ionic equation:-
[tex]Ca^{+2}(aq)+ CO_3^{-2}(aq) \rightarrow CaCO_3(s)[/tex]
Given equation:-
[tex]Na_2CO_3(aq)+Ca(NO_3)_2(aq)\rightarrow2NaNO_3(aq)+CaCO_3(s)[/tex]
Breaking down the equation into ionic form gives:
[tex]2Na^{+} (aq) + CO_3^{-2} (aq) + Ca^{2+}(aq) + 2NO_3^{-}(aq) \rightarrow 2Na^{+} (aq) + 2NO_3^{-} + CaCO_3(s)[/tex]
Eliminating all the same ionic states on both sides of the equation gives the equation as follows:-
[tex]CO_3^{-2} (aq) + Ca^{2+}(aq) + \rightarrow CaCO_3(s)[/tex]
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Which vital element for life participates in the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles?
O
A. oxygen
o
B. sodium
O
C. calcium
O
D. chlorine
Option A. Oxygen is the vital element that participates in the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles.
Explanation:The vital element for life that participates in the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles is oxygen. Oxygen is necessary for the breakdown of organic matter and the release of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus compounds back into the environment. In the carbon cycle, oxygen is involved in the process of cellular respiration and photosynthesis. In the nitrogen cycle, oxygen is necessary for the conversion of nitrogen gas into usable forms by bacteria. In the phosphorus cycle, oxygen is involved in the weathering of rocks and the release of phosphates.
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Using R=0.0821, calculate the volume that 0.540 mol of propane gas takes up at STP
Answer:
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A metallurgist reacts 250.0 grams of 76.0% by mass silver nitrate solution with an excess of copper
metal. How many grams of silver metal can the metallurgist produce during the process? (1 point)
Cu(s) + AgNO3 → Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2
A. 172 grams
B. 190 grams
C. 121 grams
D. 142 grams
Answer: C. 121
Explanation:
took the test
The mole concept is used here to determine the grams of the silver metal. The mass of silver metal produced by the reaction of 250.0 grams of 76.0% by mass silver nitrate solution with an excess of copper metal is 121 grams. The correct option is C.
What is mole concept?One mole of a substance is defined as that amount of it which contains as many particles or entities as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12. One mole of any substance contains Avogadro number of molecules.
Number of moles (n) = Given mass / Molar mass
The equation for the reaction is;
Cu(s) + AgNO3 → Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2
Mass of silver nitrate = 250.0 g × 0.76 = 190 g
Molar mass of silver nitrate = 169.87 g/mol
Moles of silver nitrate = 190 / 169.87 = 1.118 moles
Mole ratio of Silver nitrate to silver metal = 1 : 1
Therefore, moles of silver metal = 1.118 moles
So the mass of silver metal = 1.118 moles × 107.868 g/mol = 120.59 g ≈ 121 g
Thus the correct option is C.
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The air pressure in Denver, Colorado is about 83 percent of the air pressure in Miami Beach, which is at about sea level. Given that the air pressure in Miami Beach is 760 mm Hg and oxygen makes up 21 percent of the air in Miami Beach, what are the percentage of oxygen and the partial pressure of oxygen in Denver
Answer:
Explanation:
mass ratio of oxygen and nitrogen in air at Miami
= 21 : 79
ratio of their moles
= [tex]\frac{21}{32} : \frac{79}{28}[/tex] ( mol weight of oxygen is 32 and of nitrogen is 28 )
= .65625 : 2.8214
= 1 : 4.3
This ratio will also be maintained in the air of Denver though total pressure decreases there.
Partial pressure of oxygen in air at both the places
mole fraction of oxygen
= [tex]\frac{1}{( 1 +4.3)}[/tex]
= .18868
partial pressure of oxygen at Denver
= .18868 x .83 x 760
= 119 mm.
Denver's total air pressure is 630.8 mm Hg. The percentage of Oxygen in Denver remains the same as at sea level, which is 21%. The partial pressure of Oxygen in Denver is therefore 132.47 mm Hg.
Explanation:The question is asking us to determine the percentage of oxygen and the partial pressure of oxygen in Denver given that Denver's atmospheric pressure is 83 percent of Miami Beach's pressure. First, let's calculate the total pressure in Denver. We multiply Miami Beach's total air pressure of 760 mm Hg by 0.83 (Denver's air pressure as a fraction of Miami Beach's) to get 630.8 mm Hg as Denver's total air pressure. Since the proportion of oxygen in the air doesn't change with altitude, the percentage of Oxygen remains 21%. Now, let's find the partial pressure of oxygen in Denver. Partial pressure is the pressure that a gas would have if it alone occupied the volume of the mixture. It would be the total pressure times the fraction of the gas in the mixture. So, for oxygen in Denver, the partial pressure would be 630.8 mm Hg * 0.21 (percentage of oxygen in the air) which gives us 132.47 mm Hg.
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If 16.00 g of O₂ reacts with 80.00 g NO, how many grams of NO₂ are produced? (enter only the value, round to whole number)
Answer:
84 g
Explanation:
The molecular weight of nitrogen is 14.01 g/mol. That of oxygen is 16.00 g/mol, so the weights of the various elements available are ...
From NO
N: (14.01/(14.01+16.00))·(80 g) = 37.35 g
O: 80 g -37.35 g = 42.65 g
From O₂
O: 16 g
__
In each mole of NO₂, the weight of the oxygen is 2(16.00) = 32 g. The weight of the nitrogen is 1(14.01) = 14.01 g.
From the available oxygen, we can produce ...
(42.65 g +16 g)/(32.00 g/mol) = 1.83 mol of NO₂
From the available nitrogen, we can produce ...
(37.35 g)/(14.01 g/mol) = 2.67 mol of NO₂
Clearly, the reaction is limited by the amount of available oxygen. Then the mass of the NO₂ that can be produced is ...
(1.83 mol)(32.00 +14.010 g/mol = 84.3 g ≈ 84 g.
84 grams of NO₂ are produced.
Find the number of moles, of hydrogen, in a sample of gas at STP ( 0.0 °C & 101.325 kPa) in an 11.2 L container.
Answer:
0.5 mol.
Explanation:
Given,
Pressure, P = 101.325 kPa = 1 atm
Temperature, T = 0 +273 = 273 K
Volume = 11.2 L
Now, using ideal gas equation
PV = n RT
1 x 11.2 = n x 0.08206 x 273
n = 0.5 mol.
Hence, number of moles of the hydrogen sample of gas at STP is 0.5 mol.
What kind of acid is chlorous acid?
A Monoprotic acid
B Diprotic acid
C Triprotic acid
Answer:
It might be B
Explanation:
because its HClO2
Determine ΔT if T1 = 45oC and T2 = 13oC
Answer:
∇T = -32°C
Explanation:
T1 = 45°C
T2 = 13°C
∇T =?
∇T = change in temperature = final temperature - initial temperature
∇T = T2 - T1
∇T = 13 - 45
∇T = -32°C
The change in temperature is -32°C
Which statement about ionic bonds is true?
A. Ionic bonds occur between non-metals.
B. Ionic bonds occur between two metals.
C. In ionic bonds one atom accepts electrons from another atom to achieve a stable outer shell.
D. In ionic bonds atoms share electrons to achieve a stable outer shell.
Answer:
C. In ionic bonds one atom accepts electrons from another atom to achieve a stable outer shell.
Explanation: Some Atoms have positive Charges. Like Na (Sodium) has a charge of +1 because its missing an electron, and there are Atoms with a negative charge like Chlorine, it has an extra electron so a charge of -1. The chlorine atom transfers the extra Electron to the sodium atom. they both gain a neutral Charge.
In ionic bonds, one atom accepts electrons from another atom to achieve a stable outer shell. Hence, option C is correct.
What is an ionic bond?An ionic bond is formed by the complete transfer of some electrons from one atom to another.
Some Atoms have positive Charges. Like Na (Sodium) has a charge of +1 because it's missing an electron, and there are atoms with a negative charge like Chlorine, it has an extra electron so a charge of -1.
The chlorine atom transfers the extra electron to the sodium atom. they both gain a neutral Charge.
Hence, option C is correct.
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A family has a furnace that uses natural gas to heat their home. They are moving to an area that offers the option of using energy from a solar power plant to heat their home. Which disadvantage will the family most likely face by making this switch?
a less reliable production of heat
higher costs for the monthly heating bill
an increase in waste production
smaller quantities of heat
The family is most likely to face higher costs for the monthly heating bill by switching to energy from a solar power plant. Although solar power is a renewable and clean energy source, the initial installation and maintenance costs of solar panels can be expensive, resulting in higher monthly bills compared to using natural gas.
Explanation:Solar power harnesses energy from the sun's radiation to generate electricity or heat. Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity, while solar thermal systems use sunlight to produce steam for electricity generation or provide direct heating. Solar power is a sustainable and renewable energy source with minimal environmental impact.
The family is most likely to face higher costs for the monthly heating bill by switching to energy from a solar power plant. Although solar power is a renewable and clean energy source, the initial installation and maintenance costs of solar panels can be expensive, which can result in higher monthly bills compared to using natural gas. Additionally, the family may also face limitations in the amount of heat produced as solar power can be dependent on weather conditions.
The empirical formula is:
A. the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
B. All of these
C. the relative number of atoms of each element, using the lowest whole ratio.
D. representation of a compound that shows how its atoms are arranged
Answer:
C. the relative number of atoms of each element, using the lowest whole ratio.
Explanation:
The empirical formula is how we simplify the whole formula to simplify it to its smallest indivisible parts.
It is definitely not the actual number of atoms. If you see an empirical formula, don't think that it's the full thing.
It is also not a representation of a compound to show its atoms' arrangement: this would be a Lewis dot structure, or a ball and stick model, or something similar. We don't use the empirical formula for this purpose.
Atoms of an element always have the same number of _________.
A. protons
B. neutrons
C. quarks
D. electrons
Answer:
protons
Explanation:
Protons is the answer, because they are what determines the identity of an element. Hydrogen always has one proton. No more, no less.
You can remove electrons from an element and it is still the same element. We call it an ion when this happens: think of something like Na+ or Cl-. An electron has been taken or added to those elements, but they're still the same element!
You can remove neutrons from an element and it is still the same element. We call it an isotope when this happens: maybe you've heard of carbon-14, which has two extra neutrons. We use that in carbon-dating. It's still carbon, though!
Those other options, A B and D, are made up of quarks. This isn't the right answer, because you can have two elements with different amount of quarks because quarks make up neutrons and other subatomic particles.
Final answer:
Atoms of an element have the same number of protons, and those with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. The mass number (A) is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. (Option A)
Explanation:
Atoms of an element always have the same number of protons, which is characteristic of that particular element and is known as the atomic number (Z). Atoms that vary in the number of neutrons found within their nuclei are called isotopes. The overall charge of an atom is neutral because it has an equal number of protons and electrons.
Furthermore, the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons is the mass number, notated as (A). For instance, the carbon atom, which has 6 protons and can have varying numbers of neutrons, is recognized in its standard form as having 6 neutrons, making its mass number (A = 12).
Solution A is more acidic than Solution B. Compare their pH values.
Answer:
Solution A has a lower pH level because it is more acidic. This means that there is a greater amount of hydronium [[tex]H_{3}O[/tex]] present in the solution which results in a more acidic solution.
The solubility of a salt in a given volume of water depends primarily on the A) surface area of the salt crystals B) temperature of the water C) rate at which the salt and water are stirred D) pressure on the surface of the water
Answer:
The correct answer to the following question will be Option B (temperature of the water).
Explanation:
The solubility of that same salt which appears whenever the substance is added in some kind of a fluid which already incorporates another origin of many of its atoms.The solubility of such a substance throughout a given quantity of water is predominantly dependent on the whole of the water temperature.Final answer:
The solubility of a salt in water is primarily determined by the temperature, with most solutes having increased solubility at higher temperatures. This greatly influences the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve, making temperature a key factor in solubility. The correct answer is B.
Explanation:
The solubility of a salt in a given volume of water depends primarily on the B) temperature of the water. This is because solubility is significantly influenced by temperature, with most solid or liquid solutes having their solubility increased with rising temperature. The solubility of sodium chloride, for example, is 36.0 g per 100 g of water at 20°C, underscoring the need to specify temperature when discussing solubility. While surface area affects the rate of dissolution and stirring can increase the rate of solute-solvent collisions, it is the temperature that primarily determines the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve. Pressure, on the other hand, has a prominent effect on the solubility of gases rather than salts in water.
How did the building of granaries indicate that Harappan civilization was economically strong?
It showed that the richest Harappan citizens had excess food to trade or sell. It showed that Harappa could store excess food to save, sell, or trade with others.
A 2 L container contains 5 moles of helium gas at 0.5 atm. What is the
temperature of the gas?
Answer:
2.44 K IS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE GAS
Explanation:
PV = nRT
P = 0.5 atm
V = 2 L
n = 5 moles
R = 0.082 L atm mol^-1 K^-1
T = ?
Substituting for T in the equation, we obtain:
T = P V / nR
T = 0.5 * 2 / 5 * 0.082
T = 1 / 0.41
T = 2.44 K
The temperature of the gas is 2.44 K
What would happen if you let a balloon go? Would it go into space or just pop later on?
Answer:
Simply put, your balloon will pop before it can get to that point due to pressure.
Answer:
it would pop as soon as it was exposed to the vacuum of space. The pieces would then burn or freeze depending on how far you are from the nearest star
Early in the earth’s history there was little to no oxygen into atmosphere. How did oxygen levels in the atmosphere reach current levels?
Final answer:
Earth's atmosphere contained little free oxygen until cyanobacteria’s photosynthesis began producing oxygen, which accumulated over time due to geological activities that limited oxygen's recombination with organic matter. The rise in oxygen levels led to the creation of the ozone layer, allowing life to thrive on land.
Explanation:
Initially, Earth's early atmosphere contained little to no free oxygen. This was because oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis, a process that was not prevalent until the evolution of photosynthetic organisms like cyanobacteria. Over time, as more plants appeared and photosynthesis increased, more oxygen was produced. However, the oxygen was quickly removed from the atmosphere through chemical reactions with the Earth's crust, preventing it from accumulating. This changed around 2.4 billion years ago, when geological activity increased and plants were buried before they could decompose fully, which decreased the removal of oxygen and allowed it to begin accumulating in the atmosphere.
The buildup of oxygen in the atmosphere had significant evolutionary consequences. The emergence of the ozone layer, comprised of three oxygen molecules (O3), protected life from the Sun's ultraviolet radiation, enabling the colonization of land. Thus, the oxygenation of the atmosphere facilitated the development of aerobic life and the complex biodiversity we have today.
A large container holds 2 liters of water. 45.0 grams of NaCl is added to the container. What is the molarity of sodium chloride in the container?
Answer:
THE MOLARITY OF SODIUM CHLORIDE IN THE CONTAINER IS 0.3846 M.
Explanation:
Molarity of a solution is the number of moles of solute per dm3 of solution.
Mass concentration = Molar concentration * Molar mass
1. calculate the mass concentration;
Mass conc. = 45 g in 2 L
= 45 g in 2 dm3
In 1 dm3, the mass will be 45 / 2
= 22.5 g/dm3 of NaCl.
2. Calculate the molar mass;
(Na = 23, Cl = 35.5)
Molar mass = ( 23 + 35.5 ) g/mol
Molar mass = 58.5 g/mol
3. calculate the molarity
Molarity = mss concentration / molar mass
Molarity = 22.5 g/dm3 / 58.5 g/mol
Molarity = 0.3846 mol/dm3 of NaCl.
The molarity of sodium chloride in the container is 0.3846 mol/dm3
What is the molality of a solution in which 55g of sucrose are dissolved in 950mL of water?
The molality of a solution with 55g of sucrose dissolved in 950mL of water is 0.1692 mol/kg, calculated by dividing the moles of sucrose by the kilograms of water.
Explanation:To calculate the molality of a solution in which 55g of sucrose are dissolved in 950mL of water, we first need to find the number of moles of sucrose and the mass of the solvent (water) in kilograms.
The molar mass of sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) is approximately 342.3 g/mol. 55 grams of sucrose is therefore 55 g / 342.3 g/mol = 0.1607 mol. Since density of water is approximately 1 g/mL, 950 mL of water weighs 950 g, which is the same as 0.950 kg.
The molality (m) is then calculated using the formula m = mol solute/kg solvent. Substituting the values we have, 0.1607 mol/0.950 kg = 0.1692 mol/kg. So, the molality of the solution is 0.1692 m.
It’s stochiemetry questions please help!
What mass of sodium sulfate is needed to make 2.5 L of 2.0 M solution?
A 120 g
B 150 g
C 180 g
D 710 9
E 750 g
Juan and Jose are having an argument about their science book. Juan says that since the book is sitting still, there are no forces acting on it. Jose says there are forces acting on the book. Which student is correct? Explain why.
The Answer To This Question Will Be :
Jose is correct because there is always a force acting upon something. The book is moving by force but you can't see it. Gravity is pulling the book down, but the desk is holding it up. Equal and opposite
Jose is right, as the book is lying on the table, equal and opposite forces are acting on it.
According to Newton's first law, an object can only move when it is acted upon by unbalanced forces. If a body is acted upon by balanced forces, it does not move.
As the book is lying on the table it is acted upon by two equal and opposite forces, of weight and the reaction. Since the forces are equal and opposite, the book does not move.
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How does temperature affect magnetism