Smooth stem plants like guava, eucalyptus etc do have a smooth layer of bark over its stem that comes out as a skin when they shed their barks. Whereas most of the other plants like mango, banyan etc do have a rough corrugated layer of bark over their stem.
The smooth stem doesn’t let water to accumulate in the bark which can led to infections to the tree. It also doesn’t allow any seed to settle on bark that can led to growth of parasites. Thereby this smooth bark saves the trees from some of the probable harm to the tree.
Final answer:
Plants with smooth stems benefit from less resistance to water flow and reduced pest habitation. Modified stems like rhizomes, stolons, runners, corms, tubers, and bulbs aid in survival and reproduction, storing food and facilitating spread. Stem type contributes to a plant's adaptability and protection.
Explanation:
Benefits of Plants with Smooth Stems
Plants with smooth stems often have advantages in environments where there is fast-flowing water or frequent rainfall. A smooth surface can reduce resistance and allows water to flow off easily, thereby reducing damage from strong currents or heavy rain. Furthermore, a smooth stem can be less habitable for pests and parasites, which often find it difficult to grip onto the slick surface. From an evolutionary perspective, plants have developed different types of stems, including modified stems, to adapt to their environments and enhance their survival and reproduction.
Modified Stems
Rhizomes, stolons, and runners provide an advantage by allowing the plant to spread horizontally and produce new offspring at a distance from the parent, good for colonization. On the other hand, corms, tubers, and bulbs store food, which can be crucial for survival during periods of dormancy or when conditions are not conducive to growth. These modified structures often contain nodes and axillary buds, indicating that they are indeed modified stems rather than roots.
In summary, the type of stem can indeed protect a plant by aiding in its adaptation and survivability. Whether it's through physical characteristics like a smooth surface or modifications for storage and reproduction, the stem is a vital component of a plant's success.
A karyotype is an image of an organism's genes. An example is shown below.
Human karyotype
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By grouping images of a fetus' homologous pairs together and arranging them by shape and size, scientists can easily see whether
the baby has
Answer:
Down syndrome, which results from having the wrong number of chromosomes
Explanation:
Down's syndrome is a specific type of genetic defect in which a person has three copies of the twenty-first chromosome. Scientists can now determine whether a fetus has the extra chromosome—and thus Down's Syndrome—by creating a karyotype like the one pictured here.
Screening for genetic diseases that involve mutations in the construction of the genes instead of the number of genes may not be as straightforward.
What is the next step in the scientific method, following stating a question
Answer:
Scientific method
Starts with observation
Hypothesis
Experiment
Data analysis
Conclusion
Explanation:
A certain type of flower has two alleles for color (blue, purple), and two alleles for stem height (tall, short). A tall blue flower and a short purple flower are crossed, resulting in tall blue flowers, short blue flowers, tall purple flowers, and short purple flowers.
What law does this example demonstrate?
Answer:
Mendel's law of independent assortment
Explanation:
Gregor Mendel is a really important figure in genetics, his work on pea plants provided us with many of the fundamentals of genetics that we still have today!
Mendel proposed 3 laws:
1. The law of dominance - this law states that where there are two different alleles (heterozygous) the organism will always express the dominant trait over the recessive trait
2. The law of segregation - this law states that offspring will inherit one allele from each parent, because allele pairs separate in the process of meiosis, such that each gamete contains 1 allele of each trait. When the zygote is formed, it contains an allele from each parent.
3. The law of independent assortment - this law states that traits are independent from one another at the time of gamete formation. The genes are segregated separately from one another, as the presence of one does not impact the presence of another.
This example shows that all combinations of the height and color allele are possible, and therefore nicely demonstrates the law of independent assortment
What is the scientific name of Seri Silk worm?
Bombyx mori is the name
Answer:
Bombyx mori
Explanation:
1,why Dna coiled to histone protien 2,what is difference bewteen co-factor and prosthetic group 3,why child get mitrochondrion from their mother cell not from their father cell (explain).
Answer:
DNA coiled to Histone protein.
Explanation:
1) DNA wrap itself around the histone protein due to the negative charge on the histone, that packed DNA tightly so that it can't be used in protein synthesis.
2) Prosthetic groups are itself co-factors that bind tightly to enzymes or proteins. they can be organic or metallic ions and attached to proteins by covalent bond.
3) The transfer of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from mother to her offspring is known as maternal inheritance. only female can transmit mtDNA beacuse, it can be transmitted through female eggs only. One can inherit mtDNA from exclusively their mother.
salinity notes biology
Answer:
Salinity is the saltiness or dissolved inorganic salt content of a body of water. Substances that are dissolved in water are usually called solutes. The typical seawater has a salinity of 35 ppt or 35‰. The average density of seawater at the surface is 1.025g/ml
Explanation:
Salinity is the measure of dissolved salts in water, influencing both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Organisms have adapted to various salinity levels, with some thriving in saline habitats by adjusting their internal solute concentrations. Biological processes and inputs from rivers affect oceanic salinity, making it crucial to measure accurately.
Salinity in BiologySalinity refers to the total amount of dissolved materials, usually salts, in seawater, expressed in grams per kilogram of water. It is a dimensionless quantity because it is a ratio and does not have units. The average salinity of seawater is about 3.4%, while the salinity of blood and other body fluids in animals is around 0.8%. This difference in salinity can be explained by the adaptation of organisms that moved from sea environments to land.
Saline habitats, which have lower water purity, often exclude most life forms due to water loss through diffusion, leading to decreased internal water content. Organisms that thrive in such environments usually have higher solute concentrations in their cytosol to cope with the osmotic stress.
Biological Control of Oceanic SalinityApproximately half of the earth's biomass resides in the sea, with a significant portion consisting of diatoms and other organisms that create silica skeletons. Upon death, these organisms sink and annually contribute about 300 million tons of silica to sedimentary rocks. This process helps maintain the undersaturation of silica in the upper sea levels and influences the salinity levels.
Moreover, inputs of salts into the sea from rivers and hydrothermal activity at oceanic ridges increase salinity. The cells in most organisms maintain lower intracellular salinity (around 1%) to avoid damage from high salt concentrations, which can denature proteins and disrupt cell membrane integrity.
Salinity definitions have evolved to ensure accurate measurements. Initially based on chlorinity, salinity is now defined by more precise methodologies, making it easier to measure and understand its impact on marine and terrestrial life.
Which of the following is an example of a prey adaptation?
A. a wolf’s sense of smell
B. the big eyes of an owl
C. a rattlesnake’s poisonous fangs
D. the speed of a deer
Answer:
I think it's D) the speed of a deer
(c) Describe the relationship between the concentration of glucose in the culture medium and
the ATP concentration in the cells.
The details were missing but I managed to found from another source.
Answer:
According to the table attached, no correlation exists between the concentration of glucose in the culture medium and the ATP concentration in the cells.
Explanation:
The glucose is present at two concentration levels in the culture medium, i.e. 1.5 mM and 25 mM. There were three replicates of glucose concentration at different oxygen concentrations. Despite the same glucose concentration in the culture medium, the ATP concentration in the cell increased. This was observed at both concentrations of glucose. So, the presence of glucose might have been necessary for the ATP production but oxygen was playing a direct role in ATP production. To draw a better conclusion, more information on other parameters is necessary.
The concentration of glucose in a culture medium is directly proportional to ATP concentration in cells. More glucose in the medium leads to more ATP in cells, while less glucose in the medium leads to less ATP in cells.
Explanation:The relationship between the concentration of glucose in a culture medium and the ATP concentration in cells is directly proportional. Glucose is the primary source of energy for cells and is metabolized during cellular respiration to produce ATP, which is the main energy currency within the cell.
When the concentration of glucose in the culture medium increases, more glucose is available to the cells, leading to more glucose being used in cellular respiration. As a result, the production of ATP within cells also increases. Therefore, the ATP concentration in cells can be increased by increasing the glucose concentration in the culture medium.
Conversely, if the concentration of glucose in the culture medium is lowered, less glucose is available to the cells, thereby reducing the cellular production of ATP. So, the concentration of glucose in the culture medium directly affects the ATP concentration within the cells.
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A homozygous recessive mom is crossed with a homozygous dominant dad. What is the probability that the offspring will have a recessive trait? What percentage of the offspring will be homozygous?
(there are no choice answers it's a written response. please help.)
Answer:
A dominant trait can be described as a trait that suppresses the effect of a recessive trait. A recessive trait gets masked by a dominant trait.
In the scenario depicted in the question, there will be no chance that the offspring produced will carry the recessive trait of the mother. And there will be no chance that any of the offspring born will be homozygous for the trait. All of the offsprings produced from this cross will be heterozygous dominant.
1) How is DNA condensed to form a chromosome?
2) What is the difference of mechanism genes and the DNA
segments between them?
3) What is the difference between a gene expression and the
genetic code?
(Will give brainliest if answered correctly) only need 1-3 sentences for each thank you!!
Answer:
Hello! Here are the answers:
Chromosomes are a highly condensed form of a combination of DNA and protein called chromatin. DNA strands (negatively charged) are tightly wound around these proteins called histones (positively charged) to form chromosomes.Mechanism genes code for for proteins that govern life processes. These genes or portions of DNA are called exons. DNA segments between these exons are called introns that strictly code for regulatory proteins and also contain genetic regulatory elements (DNA sequences that control gene expression).Gene expression is the process of translation of DNA sequences into proteins. The genetic code is the nucleotide sequence in the DNA itself that codes for different amino acids that combine together to form a functional protein.Explanation:
* 2. The intronic regions are misleadingly referred to as "junk DNA" but introns code for crucial regulatory elements that control gene expression.
* 3. The genetic code determines the sequence of amino acids in various proteins.
When sugar is "burned" inside a living organism, this requires what?
Answer:
Breaking down of sugar in living organism requires Oxygen gas.
Explanation:
The gas oxygen is important to conduct different functions in living organism. For breaking sugar inside the living organisms oxygen is needed, this is the process of the cellular respiration. The body cell breaks sugar with the help of oxygen gas in this process. As a result of this process, energy is produced along with the carbon dioxide. This energy produced in this process is restored by the body for the future use of the cell.
I need some help in this area
Answer:
The correct option is B) Nutrients
Explanation:
The availability of nutrients is very essential for a producer to survive. If nutrients will not be available, then the plant will not be able to carry out the essential processes which are required for its healthy living. The primary producers like plants take up nutrients from the soil.
Although, temperature and altitude also have an effect on the primary productivity but they can maintain homeostasis and hence these features will not affect that plant as much as the availability of nutrients.
your body is composed of Microscopic cells that are visible all the time?
Your body is composed of microscopic cells that are visible all the time ?True or false
Answer:Our body is composed of many microscopic cells. They are visible as a whole, but not individually. And all cells are not visible from outside. So the given statement is false.
Explanation:Cells are defined as structural and functional unit of a living organism. Cells are of various shapes and sizes. A squamous epithelium cell is flat whereas a neuron is upto 1 meter in length. Cells of bronchus have projections called cilia whereas cells of small intestine have microvilli on their surface.
Our skin is formed of epithelial cells which are seen as a whole with our naked eyes. But individual structures of them are very small. This is why, human cells are microscopic in structure and not individually seen with naked eyes.
the color of the fur is the genetic combination of alleles that determine the fur color is called the
Answer:
Phenotype
Explanation:
The physical trait which is the color of the fur is associated with its genotype
Answer:
The color of the fur is the ✔ phenotype
The genetic combination of alleles that determine the fur color is called the
✔ genotype
Suppose that a mouse with black fur has both an allele for black fur and an allele for white fur (Bb). Based on this information, you can conclude that the dominant allele must be for ✔ black fur and the recessive allele must be for
✔ white fur.
For this lab, assume that the allele for black fur is dominant. This allele’s symbol is ✔ B
The allele for white fur is recessive. This allele’s symbol is ✔ b
Explanation:
right on edg..
Which biome has multistory communities?
O
A. Taiga
O
B. Tropical rain forest
O
C. Temperate grassland
O
D. Desert
Answer: B. Tropical rain forest
O
Explanation: The climate and biodiversity of one of Earth's most diverse and iconic biomes. the tropical rain forest. The tropical rain forest biome has four main characteristics: very high annual rainfall, high average temperatures, nutrient-poor soil, and high levels of biodiversity
polar bears wonder the ice looking for cent of sales once they find a seal they will attack and eat it what is the symbiotic relationship in this situation
The symbiotic relationship in this situation is: Predation
Explanation:Symbiosis or Symbiotic relationship is the relationship or interaction between two biological creatures. These interactions are essential to keep a balance in the ecosystem. Predation is one of the types of symbiotic relationship in which one biological creature preys on the other.
In predation, one biological creature benefits from another while the other is harmed or most likely killed in the process. The predator remains less wounded or completely unharmed depending on the type of prey it is. Hence, we can say that the symbiotic relationship in this situation where the polar bear his hunting and capturing a seal for food is Predation. The polar bear gets its food while the seal is killed for it.
Diagram how an animal zygote
becomes a gastrula.
Answer:
Zygote. Zygote, fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete (egg, or ovum) with a male gamete (sperm).
Explanation:
Formation of Gastrula. Once an egg is released from the ovary during ovulation, it meets with a sperm cell that was carried to it via the semen. These two gametes combine to form a zygote and this process is called fertilization. The zygote then begins to divide and becomes a blastula.
The process of embryonic development involves zygote formation, cleavage, and gastrulation, where three primary germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) are established to give rise to various tissues and organs in animals.
Description of the process by which an animal zygote becomes a gastrula.
The process involves embryonic development and includes several stages:
1. Zygote Formation:
- Fertilization occurs when a sperm cell penetrates an egg cell, forming a zygote.
- The zygote is the initial diploid cell with a complete set of chromosomes.
2. Cleavage:
- The zygote undergoes rapid cell divisions through a process called cleavage.
- Cleavage results in the formation of a blastula, which is a hollow ball of cells.
3. Gastrulation:
- Gastrulation is the next major developmental stage after cleavage.
- The blastula undergoes a series of complex movements and differentiations to form three primary germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
4. Formation of Germ Layers:
- Ectoderm: Outer layer, gives rise to the skin, nervous system, and other external structures.
- Mesoderm: Middle layer, gives rise to muscles, bones, circulatory system, and internal structures.
- Endoderm: Inner layer, gives rise to the digestive system, respiratory system, and other internal organs.
5. Gastrula Formation:
- As the three germ layers form, the structure is now called a gastrula.
- The gastrula has a three-layered structure with distinct regions that will develop into specific tissues and organs.
6. Neurulation (in chordates):
- In animals with a notochord, like vertebrates, a process called neurulation occurs.
- Neurulation involves the formation of the neural tube, which eventually develops into the brain and spinal cord.
The process of gastrulation is fundamental to the development of complex multicellular organisms, allowing for the specialization of cells into various tissues and organs.
What makes up an atom?
Answer:
Electrons, protons, and Neutrons
Explanation:
Neutrons-Neutral charge
Protons-Positive charge
Electrons-Negative charge
Keep in mind that Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of the atom, while electrons are found in the electron cloud.
Both protons and neutrons have a mass of 1, while electrons have no mass.
Which object has the same shape as a DNA molecule?
a ) pyramidal house
b ) rectangular TV screen
c )spiral staircase
d )hexagonal stop sign
Answer: C - spiral staircase
Explanation:
Answer:
C a spiral staircase
Explanation:
Griffith called the process he observed transformation because
Answer:
Griffith called the process transformation because the harmless bacteria had been transformed. So the answer is 'C'.
Explanation:
Griffith performed an experiment on the mouse in which he worked on two different strains of streptococcus. One of the strain was capable of causing disease (virulent) III-S and the other was a rough strain which was non virulent type II-R. He injected different combinations of the strains. The heat killed smooth strain became non virulent.
The most important discovery he made was that when heat killed smooth strain and rough strain were introduced together in the mice and the mice died. It happened because the rough strain of bacteria transformed into virulent form as the DNA from heat killed smooth strain was imbibed by the rough strain which converted into virulent form.
What is said to be 'paid back' by the oxidation of lactic acid after anaerobic respiration?
Answer:
oxygen
Explanation:
the oxygen debt must be ‘repaid’ once exercise stops causing deep breathing for some time
Oxygen said to be 'paid back' by the oxidation of lactic acid after anaerobic respiration.
What is the process oxidation of lactic acid?The simplest process for lactate oxidation is:
lactate → pyruvate → acetyl CoA → Tri-Carboxylic Acid, oxphos, etc.
A route can take place for lactate taken up by the liver in the body. There it is converted to glucose via the process of gluconeogenesis, and glucose is released into the blood. Other tissues consume glucose and completely oxidize it to carbon dioxide (CO2) and water.
Lactic acid is an essential part of the human body. It helps in cell respiration, glucose production, and molecule signaling. Lactic acid does not cause muscle soreness.
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A scientist successfully creates a bacterium with a recombinant plasmid for producing Insulin; however, one bacterium can only create a tiny amount of Insulin. What process should be used next?
A. Putting the bacterium into a fermenter.
B. Putting the bacterium through a mass spectrometer.
C. Culturing the bacterium in a petri dish.
D. Injection of viral DNA by a bacteriophage.
Answer:
B. Putting the bacterium through a mass spectrometer.
Explanation:
FOR OBSERVATION AND TO CHECK THE RECOMBINANT DNA PROCESS WE HAVE TO THE OBSERVE THE REPLICATION PROCESS OF BACTERIA.
The process that should be used next, putting the bacterium through a mass spectrometer. The correct option is B.
What is a bacterium?A bacterium is a single form of bacteria. Bacteria is a prokaryotic organism. It is a unicellular and a microorganism. Bacteria are currently used in growing specific genes by growing them in and the genes are then transferred to the needed place.
A mass spectrometer is an instrument used to measure the mass to charge of the samples.
Thus, the correct option is B. Putting the bacterium through a mass spectrometer.
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Which of the following objects is the most likely to be magnetc?
Aa quartz bracelet
B. an iron pot
C. a leather purse
D. an aluminum can
Answer:
Your correct answer is B. An iron pot
Explanation:
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Which of these is the source of nutrients for an autotroph?
O
A. Eucalyptus leaves
O
B. Mushrooms
O
C. Inorganic substances
O
D. Animals
Answer:
the answer is c
Explantation:
Final answer:
The source of nutrients for an autotroph is c) inorganic substances. Autotrophs, including plants and some bacteria, utilize inorganic molecules to create their own food through processes such as photosynthesis and chemosynthesis.
Explanation:
The source of nutrients for an autotroph is C. Inorganic substances. Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food using inorganic molecules, unlike heterotrophs, which require organic compounds for nutrition. Autotrophic organisms, such as plants and certain bacteria, convert inorganic carbon dioxide into organic carbon compounds through processes like photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. For instance, chemoautotrophs use inorganic molecules as a source of energy, with specific bacteria and archaea being examples of this group. Similarly, the primary producers in an ocean grazing food web, such as phytoplankton, utilize inorganic nutrients from their surroundings to produce organic matter.
Which statement best represents how structure relates to function?
A horse's mane is often black.
Some insects live longer than others.
Many tropical birds can be taught to speak.
Great white sharks have sharp serrated teeth for tearing into their prey.
Answer:
The correct answer is 'D'. Great white sharks have sharp serrated teeth for tearing into their prey.
Explanation:
Living organisms inhabit different habitats. They possess unique structures which help them perform specific functions. They maybe adapted or they are born with it. Sharks are carnivorous animals who feed on other animals. They have sharp pointy teeth which helps them to tear the flesh of their prey. Some other examples of animals are:
Fish have gills which help them breathe under water.Camel have humps which help them store water.Polar bears have thick fur which helps them to keep warm in winters.The study of disease and the way it affects the body is called??
Answer: Pathology
Explanation:
Basically, pathology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study of diseases, its origin, its nature, its causes
Answer:
pathology
Explanation:
3. A student wants to copy an experiment that he read about.
What is the student doing?
A. Repetition
B. Replication
C. Oscillation
D. Both A & B
PLEASE PROVIDE AN EXPLANATION!!!!
The student is actually doing replication
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A student reads about a particular experiment, gets inquisitive to learn more and hence tries to copy that particular experiment. This is called as replication as the student tries the same methodology and process adapted to perform the experiment. He tries to obtain the same result.
This result fascinates him giving assurance of the experiment. It also helps motivate trying different experiments. It also inspires him to make further researches.
The osprey is a bird of prey that eats almost nothing but fish such as trout. Whirling disease is a deadly threat to many fish, especially certain kinds of trout. When whirling disease kills fish in an ecosystem, there is less energy available to ________ and more energy available to _______ than there was before. A. decomposers; ospreys B. trout; ospreys C. trout; decomposers D. ospreys; decomposers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
ospreys decomposers
I need help with this (#20)
Answer:
a Anaphase I
b Metaphase I
c Telophase I
d Anaphase II
e Prophase I
f Telophase II
Explanation:
Prophase I begins after the DNA has been duplicated, as shown in picture e. The chromosomes are condensed, and also visible, which is apparent in picture e.
The next stage is called Metaphase I, in which the pairs of homologous chromosomes align at The the centre of the cell and the spindle fibres attach, as shown in picture b.
The pairs of chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell by the spindle fibres., as shown in picture a. This stage is called Anaphase I.
Then, a process called Telophase I occurs, when the cell divides into two daughter cells. One of these cells is shown in picture c.
Picture d shows the stage Anaphase II, where the spindle has attached and the chromatids are pulled to the opposite poles of the cell.
The final picture left is picture f, which shows the daughter cell at the end of meiosis II, where the nuclear envelope is reforming, as in telophase II.
Which is the reproductive method of prokaryotes?
Question 18 options:
binary fission
cell apoptosis
cytokinesis
mitosis
Answer:
Prokaryotic cells reproduce by a process that is called binary fission.
Explanation:
The DNA in such cells is contained in a single circular chromosome called a plasmid within the cytoplasm. The reproductive process starts with the replication of the chromosome.
Answer:Prokaryotic cells reproduce by a process called binary fission.
Explanation:
these cells contain a single circular chromosome called a plasmid within the cytoplasm so,the reproductive process starts with the replication of the chromosome.