Victor Vroom's term for the leadership style where the leader consults employees before making decisions is 'Consultative Decision Style'. This style relies on participation and collaboration from employees, drawing parallels to 'Theory Y' and 'Democratic Leadership' where employees are seen as active contributors to the decision-making process. The effectiveness of this style depends on open communication, team collaboration and the leader’s ability to utilize the collective inputs of the team.
Explanation:The term the student is referring to is associated with the leadership studies of Victor Vroom. He termed this management style as 'Consultative Decision Style' under leadership function and styles. In this style, a leader obtains crucial information from team members before making a final decision. This approach aligns closely with sociological 'Democratic Leadership' and 'Theory Y', as managers assume that employees will find satisfaction and fulfillment from participating in the decision-making process.
Under a democratic or consultative leadership function, employees may have a say in setting their work goals and can contribute to the planning and decision-making process. This method often reduces confirmation costs but increases transaction costs, requiring a balance. However, in this style, consensus building is important and if done quickly, can prevent the formation of opposing factions within the team.
For example, Toyota allows its production line employees to stop the entire line if they notice a defect, enabling a swift response to and rectification of the issue. Hence, the effectiveness of this leadership style depends a lot on open communication, teamwork, and the ability of the leader to harness the collective wisdom of the team.
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The question discusses a leadership style part of Vroom's 'Leader-Participation Model', closely aligned with Theory Y of management. This style emphasizes employee involvement in decision making, creating a more democratic and participative workplace environment. An example is the Toyota production line policy that values employee input in process and management decisions.
Explanation:The question refers to a management style encapsulated in Victor Vroom's 'Leader-Participation Model'. This leadership style involves the leader sourcing necessary information from employees before deciding on a solution to a problem. This is closely associated with Theory Y of management proposed by McGregor (1960), which suggests that employees perform better under leadership that actively involves them in setting their personal and work goals, thus participating in decision making.
For instance, in a Theory Y workplace, employees participate in the decision-making process by providing their inputs on aspects like task prioritization, efficiency and safety considerations. This management style values employee input and allows for meaningful consultation on any changes to the management system. A classic example is the Toyota production line policy, which enables any employee to halt the entire line to address defects, emphasizing the importance of employee involvement in decision making.
Democratic leadership and group decision-making are other facets of this strategy. In the democratic decision-making process, all members of the group participate in deciding on the course of action. While this directive can slow down decision making since consensus building can be time-consuming, it fosters a collaborative environment and contributes to a balanced decision based on collective experience and knowledge.
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ABC Corp., a mining equipment manufacturer, provides loaders and feeder breakers for Ground Works, a mining company. ABC Corp. regularly sends information on new products as well as on upgrades for old products to the management in Ground Works. ABC Corp relies on _____ to sell its products.
Answer: Direct channels
Explanation:
Direct channels is the organizational phase in which customers can buy the product and services directly from the manufacturer without intervention of distributor and other sources. These organizations have their own transport service for good supply and logistic team.
According to the question , ABC Corp. is based on direct channel for selling its goods.They are dealing with the mining company,Ground Works for selling mining equipment directly so no in-between party is involved in it.
A broken water pipe that floods the reception area would be considered which type of threat?
Answer:
Natural
Explanation:
A broken water pipe that causes flood in the reception area is a natural phenomenon which human does not have a hand in the situation. The breakage in pipe happens when there is a manufacturing defect or the quality of the pipe that is not able to control the pressure of water.
After the Court-packing attempt, how did the change in the jurisprudence of the U.S. Supreme Court affect American life?
Explanation:
The court packing plan was proposed by the United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It is a legislative initiative and is also known as the "1937 Judicial Procedures Reform Bill". It suggested to provide more justices to the Supreme Court so as to obtain a favorable ruling in regard to the New Deal Legislation.
After this reformation attempt, the chastised or rebuked Supreme Court started to focus mainly on securing the constitutional protections for a growing civil rights movement.
Brenda owns a small book store that also serves as an art gallery for her artwork and that of some of her friends. While this business may never make Brenda wealthy, she admits that it has been her dream since she was an art student in college.
Brenda appears to be motivated by:
A. career consolidation.
B. status.
C. intrinsic motivation.
D. extrinsic motivation.
Answer:
C. intrinsic motivation.
Explanation:
Intrinsic motivation: In psychology, the term intrinsic motivation is defined as the behavior of an individual that is being driven by the internal rewards. In other words, the intrinsic motivation refers to the process in which an individual's behavior is involved or engaged that comes from inside the person and often leads to satisfy him or her.
Example: A person plays football because it satisfies him or her internally and feels accomplished.
In the question above, Brenda appears to be motivated by intrinsic motivation.
The Moral Argument asserts that if we believe in any absolute moral principle(s), then, seeing the injustice and unfairness rampant in the world, we must conclude that the only way there can be justice is if there is a God and an afterlife. Therefore, if we believe justice must prevail, then by implication we must believe in God. The classic refutation of this argument is:________
Answer:
The correct answer is : moral principles are merely cultural conventions
Explanation:
We have to take into account according to this argument that Ethics are a group of principles that leads a persons and his or her behaviors. They are established based on social rules, cultural thoughts and religious influences. This reflects beliefs about what is right and what is wrong talking about human behavior.
Plato held that reality was an imperfect reflection of an ideal, permanent realm. With this in mind, what would you say Nick means when he says, "Jay Gatsby sprang from his Platonic conception of himself"?
Answer:
Nick believed that Gatsby modeled himself on an idealized version of who Jay Gatsby really was.
Explanation:
Based on the Plato's teaching within the question it can be said that it seems that Nick believed that Gatsby modeled himself on an idealized version of who Jay Gatsby really was. Such as is his imperfect reflection of the idealized version that Gatsby has created in his mind, similar to what Plato stated to be the case with many reality itself.
Nick's statement that 'Jay Gatsby sprang from his Platonic conception of himself' means that Gatsby fashioned an idealized version of himself based on perfect and eternal ideals similar to the Platonic Forms. Gatsby's self-creation mirrors the Platonic belief in a higher, truer reality and emphasizes his pursuit of an ideal beyond the material world.
When Nick says "Jay Gatsby sprang from his Platonic conception of himself," he implies that Gatsby created an idealized version of himself that is as perfect and permanent as the Forms described in Platonic philosophy. Just as Plato believed the material world is a flawed reflection of a higher, truer reality of eternal and unchanging ideals such as truth, beauty, justice, and wisdom, Gatsby has fashioned himself into a representation of his own ultimate ideals of sophistication, wealth, and romantic heroism, far removed from his more mundane origins.
Gatsby's self-creation aligns with the notion that to access the truth and to aspire toward the abstract world of perfect forms, humans must transcend the limitations of their physical existence through reflection and reasoning. Nick's observation suggests that Gatsby embodies this transcendence by rejecting his past and reinventing himself in the image of his own personal aspiration, thus illustrating a form of idealism that parallels Platonic thought.
Which of the following best describes soft money?
a. It is money raised through social networking sites.
b. It is a political contribution not regulated by federal law.
c. It is money provided by the government towards presidential primaries.
d. It is a candidate's contribution for his or her own campaign.
e. It is spent by a corporation on independent political activities.
Answer:
b. It is a political contribution not regulated by federal law.
Explanation:
In 1974 the Federal Election Campaign Act limited the quantity of money that individuals could donate to a particular candidate. This produced the so-called Soft Money which are contributions to a political party (not candidate) and the use of such money is hardly regulated by the law.
Answer:
it is b
Explanation:
Your textbook suggests a variety of questions that you can ask yourself as you assess your life, career, and educational goals.
What questions would you ask to assess your educational goals?
Answer:
1. What is my future ambition?
2. What are the educational procedures to take, in order to achieve my dreams?
3. At what educational level am I right now?
4. Am I going in line with my goal?
5. Do I have a role model?
Over time romantic loves tends to _________ in love marriages and ________ in arranged marriages.
Final answer:
Romantic love usually decreases in love marriages and increases in arranged marriages over time. The dynamics of these relationships are shaped by cultural norms, societal changes, and individual preferences, with some aspects like the need for companionship remaining constant.
Explanation:
Over time, romantic love tends to decrease in love marriages and increase in arranged marriages. This phenomenon can be partly explained by the evolutionary psychological perspective that highlights the breakage and formation of bonds, akin to marriage and divorce, suggesting it is more favorable to be in a stable partnership. The forces shaping this change include learning behaviors, individual choice, and the influence of mutual feelings of love. In contrast, arranged marriages often involve a comprehensive process of interviews and negotiations that prioritize family, compatibility, and societal stability.
In the United States, a preference for marriages based on romantic love prevails, while in other cultures, arranged marriages are seen as reducing stress and enhancing stability. Even in regions like the Central African region, marriage practices are changing, with mixed marriages becoming more common due to cosmopolitan lifestyles and interactions with diverse cultures.
However, certain aspects like the human desire for companionship and the social nature of communities have remained the same since the dawn of Homo sapiens. Predicting the future of romantic relationships requires considering these enduring patterns alongside the transformative impact of technology and global interconnectivity on human social behaviors.
What is the desired effect of the negative incentive of the speeding ticket upon future driving?
A) You will learn how to avoid speed-traps.
B) You will be more aware of your speed when driving.
C) You will stop driving that route home during the afternoon hours.
D) You will try to outsmart the police by purchasing a radar detector.
"You will be more aware of your speed when driving" is the desired effect of the negative incentive of the speeding ticket upon future driving.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Motivation is the act of inducing a person to act or think in a particular manner. It could be positive or negative. In this context, the speeding ticket is a negative motivation as it induces a person to act in a particular way i.e., not over speeding and being alert and aware of the speed when one is driving the vehicle. Here, the speeding ticket induces a person to act in a particular way. So, the option B statement stands for the desired effects.
Answer: B) You will be more aware of your speed when driving.
Kelly is an undergraduate student in psychology and is fascinated by the topic of psychological disorders. She wants to study why they occur and how she, as a future therapist, can help restore healthy psychological functioning in those who suffer from such:______
Answer:
The correct answer is: Conditions.
Explanation:
Psychological disorders are behavioral and mental patterns that produce significant distress to the individuals who suffer from them. Said distress impairs the normal functioning of the individuals in their daily life affecting at least one of the life areas such as: Work-life, Family-life, relationships etc.
Mental disorders are conditions that can be treated and even cured, although certain diagnoses are more difficult to treat than others.
Kelly wants to restore healthy psychological functioning in those who suffer from such conditions.
In a stylus maze study, some subjects are shocked for errors and others aren't shocked. Also, some are told they'll earn $10 if the learn the maze in 5 trials and others are told they'll earn $100. The results are that whether or not shock was present, behavior wasn't affected. However, those who could earn $100 learned faster than those earning just $10. This result is most clearly an example of: Group of answer choices
Answer:
The main effect is incentive money
Explanation:
It is obvious that the main effect of this study is incentive money and it is affecting the output.
A sports car is advertised as capable of "reaching 60 mphmph in 5 seconds flat, cornering at 0.85gg, and stopping from 70 mphmph in only 168 feet."
To calculate the speed at which a 6.0 m-long sports car would appear only 5.5 m long, we can use the concept of relative motion.
When an object is moving towards an observer, it appears shorter than its actual length.
We can use the formula:
Apparent Length = Actual Length (Speed of Observer / Speed of Object)
Plugging in the values, we have: 5.5 m = 6.0 m * (Speed of Observer / Speed of Object)
By solving this equation, we can find the speed at which the sports car would have to be moving past the observer to appear 5.5 m long.
How did adam smiths theory of history work to the detriment of less economically advanced non-european peoples?
Adam Smith's theory of history work to the detriment of less economically advanced Non-European people in getting the people rich.
Explanation:
Adam Smith creates GDP. Adam Smith wrote the book "The Wealth of Nation" and he was the Father of modern economics. He clearly explains the supply, demand. The wealth of the nation is the short name given for an inquiry into the nature and cause of the wealth of the nation. This wealth of the nation explains about wealth, productivity, labor, and markets.People of Non-European who have less economic condition is getting into the advanced economical state by understanding the theory of Adam Smith.Many health inequities that people of lower socioeconomic status experience are further exacerbated (intensified) in which group of people?
Answer:
In minority groups.
Explanation:
Lower socioeconomic status in itself results is health inequities, such as decreased access to high quality medical care, long queues for operations, delayed treatment due to inability to pay for it and many other forms. Meanwhile, for minority groups it is further exacerbated because people from these groups are often marginalized, speak poor English and are even treated less diligently by healthcare providers, according to some research.
An individual with intellectual disability usually presents with an IQ at or below ______ , although it is no longer required for diagnosis in the DSM-5.
Answer:
70
Explanation:
Results of intelligence quotient tests fall along the bell-shaped curve, with 100 being the average IQ for individual. Those who are considered to be intellectually disabled are said to be two standard deviations away from the mean IQ level of 100 (below 70).
According to a study, wives make more the decisions than husbands in _____ ofhouseholds, husbands make more decisions than wives in _____ of households,and _____ of couples divide decisions equally.a. 18%; 72%; 10%b. 23%; 55%; 22%c. 30%; 41%; 29%d. 43%; 26%; 31%
According to a study, wives make more the decisions than husbands in 43% of households, husbands make more decisions than wives in 26% of households,and 31% of couples divide decisions equally
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
According to the research that has been done about the study of the husbands and wives making decisions in the house, it has been shown that the house holds where wives make more decisions compared to the men are forty three percent.
The house holds where men make more decisions are twenty six percent of the house holds and the house holds where both make decisions equally are thirty one percent of the house holds.
xperimental participants reviewed two research studies, one supporting and the other refuting the crime-deterring effectiveness of capital punishment. Afterward, the opinions of those who initially favored the use of capital punishment became ________ favorable toward its use. The opinions of those who initially opposed the use of capital punishment became ________ favorable toward its use.
Answer:
"More" "Less"
Explanation:
experimental participants reviewed two research studies, one supporting and the other refuting the crime-deterring effectiveness of capital punishment. Afterward, the opinions of those who initially favored the use of capital punishment became more favorable toward its use. The opinions of those who initially opposed the use of capital punishment became less favorable toward its use.
"But today we are raising more than we can consume. Today we are making more than we can use. Today our industrial society is congested; there are more workers than there is work; there is more capital than there is investment. We do not need more money—we need more circulation, more employment. Therefore, we must find new markets for our produce, new occupation for our capital, new work for our labor." Which type of policy was this statement intended to justify? detente imperialism containment protectionism
Answer: This statement intended to justify "Imperialism"
Explanation: Imperialism has to do with a Nation exerting its power over another nation through the formation of economic and political dominance.
The Board of Governors is the policy making body at the FED and is responsible for setting the _______________ (rate of interest charged to commercial banks) and the reserve requirements (the amount of customer deposits which commercial banks must hold back and not loan out)..
Answer:
Discount rate
Explanation:
The discount rate, also known outside of the U.S. as the bank rate, is the interest rate that the Fed charges commercial banks, usually for short-term loans.
Commericial banks do not often borrow from the Fed, and when they do, it is usually to meet a short-term liquidity requirement.
It is also referred to as the discount window.
According to the hot stove rule, which of the following practices should a supervisor follow to make a disciplinary action effective?
a. Connecting the disciplinary action with the offending employee and not to the offense
b. Implementing disciplinary layoff at the first instance of an infraction
c. Not providing advance warnings to employees about the consequences of infractions
d. Taking action against an offense as promptly as possible
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
Hot Stove Rule was coined by Douglas Murray McGregor. This method teaches how can a person be disciplined without invoking resentment.
This rule is widely used in management. This rule serves as an analogy between touching a hot stove and disciplinary actions.
When one touches a hot stove there are four possible outcomes:
Immediate discipline. Warning.Consistency.Impartial/impersonal.So, according to the information provided about Hot Stove Rule, the correct option is D.
According to Piaget, when someone begins thinking about thinking, they have reached which stage of development?
Answer:
Formal operational stage
Explanation:
In the formal operational stage of Piaget's theory of the development of cognition a child learns to think of concepts in an abstract manner, also they begin to manipulate and play with ideas in their mind.
The child is able to solve problems using trial and error methods. They are aware of the fact that they are thinking.
Hence, the question is referring to the formal operational stage of development.
An investigator conducting a study of a medical device under an IDE is required to complete and sign which of the following?
Answer:
An investigator's Agreement or Commitment
Explanation:
Notice of the dedication of the investigator to:
perform the investigation in compliance with the agreement, the investigation plan, the IDE and other relevant FDA regulations, and the conditions of approval imposed by the IRB or FDA inspection, supervise all testing of the product involving human subjects.
An investigator conducting a study of a medical device under an IDE is required to complete and sign an Informed Consent form, along with other documents such as the Investigator's Brochure, Case Report Forms, and the Protocol for the study. These documents ensure the participant's understanding and agreement and provide detailed information about the study design and procedures. Completing and signing these documents is essential to protect the rights and safety of the participants.
Explanation:An investigator conducting a study of a medical device under an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) is required to complete and sign an Informed Consent form. This form outlines the purpose, risks, benefits, and alternative treatments of the study and ensures that the participant understands and agrees to participate voluntarily. It is an ethical and legal requirement to protect the rights and safety of the participants involved.
In addition to the Informed Consent form, the investigator may also need to complete other documents such as the Investigator's Brochure, Case Report Forms, and the Protocol for the study. These documents provide detailed information about the study design, procedures, data collection, and analysis.
By completing and signing these documents, the investigator acknowledges their understanding and commitment to conducting the study in accordance with the principles of Good Clinical Practice and regulatory requirements.
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Gutter Guys is a gutter installation company in Southern California that used to generate most of its sales through telemarketing but now uses direct mail to reach prospective customers. Which of the following most likely explains the reason that Gutter Guys switched from telemarketing to direct mail? a. Federal Trade Commission's Anti-Spam Act b. Robinson-Patman Act c. Clayton Act d. Children's Online Privacy Protection Act e. National Do-Not-Call Registry
Answer:
e. National Do-Not-Call Registry
Explanation:
National Do-Not-Call Registry -
It enables the users to get the choice of whether receive any telemarketing calls or not , is referred to as National Do-Not-Call Registry .
People can get registered here for free to select his or her choice .
Hence, from the question,
Gutter guy are switching the telemarketing to direct mail so as to avoid the National Do-Not-Call Registry .
Linda is studying while listening to her iPod. She notices that when she raises the volume 5 decibels when the volume is initially low, the change is very noticeable. However, when the volume is initially high, increasing the volume by 5 decibels doesn't result in as noticeable of a change in sound. This phenomenon is best explained by _____.
Answer:
Weber's Law
Explanation:
Weber's law: In psychology, the term Weber's law is also referred to as Weber-Fechner law, and is defined as a salient psychological law that quantifies the perception of alteration in a specific stimulus.
Weber's law signifies that any change in a given stimulus will be considered as just noticeable represents a constant ratio of the particular original stimulus.
In the question above, the given phenomenon is best explained in terms of Weber's Law.
In which of the following circumstances must an individual be given the opportunity to agree or object to the use and disclosure of their PHI?A. Before their information is included in a facility directory.B. Prior to disclosure to a business associate.C. Before PHI directly relevant to a person's involvement with the individual's care or payment of health care is shared with that person.D. Both A and C.
Answer:
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 aka HIPAA facilitates the safeguarding and privacy of individuals medical information with a national set of standards to save, maintain and/or handle PHI (individuals' protected health information); it's sensitive info comprising an individual's past, present or future healthcare and health status.
Due to the seriousness and criticalness of PHI, individuals are allowed to agree or object the use, disclosure or sharing of such files with certain healthcare facilities and information storage systems.
Thereby the most suitable answer would be (D.): Both A and C.
The opportunity to agree or object to the usage and disclosure of PHI must be provided to an individual before their information is included in a facility directory and before PHI relevant to a person's involvement with the individual's care or payment is shared. Hence, the correct option is Both A and C.
Explanation:In the context of health care dealings, an individual should be given the opportunity to agree or object to the use and disclosure of their PHI (Protected Health Information) under certain specific circumstances. These include:
Before their information is included in a facility directory.Before PHI directly relevant to a person's involvement with the individual's care or payment of health care is shared with that person.Therefore, the correct option would be Both A and C. However, prior to disclosing PHI to a business associate defaults to the pre-established HIPAA rules and the executed Business Associate Agreement (BAA), and does not legally require the individual’s permission.
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______________ theory posits that there are multiple independent paths to a delinquent career and that there are different types and classes of offenders.
Answer:
The answer is trajectory theory.
Explanation:
Trajectory theory states that there are different trajectories, or paths, that lead to crime. This theory believes there are multiple factors that influence the decision to commit a crime, and some of them may influence a person in a higher or lower degree.
The factors may be psychological (mental disorders), sociological (poverty and unemployment), among others.
The field of _____ is involved in the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, focusing on understanding how people think, feel, and behave. Psychologists apply their knowledge in many areas affecting health and daily life.
Explanation:The field in question is Psychology, which is involved in the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. People specialized in this discipline, psychologists, focus on understanding how people think, feel, and behave by studying their cognition, emotion, perception, and actions. They apply their knowledge to various areas such as mental health treatment, performance improvement, self-help, ergonomics, and many other areas affecting health and daily life.
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Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, encompassing various subfields such as Biological, Cognitive, Personality, Industrial and Organizational, Health, Sport and Exercise, Forensic, and Clinical psychology. Each of these fields provides unique insights to help understand human behavior and mental processes, applied in a range of relevant settings.
Explanation:The field of Psychology is involved in the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It is a diverse discipline, made up of several major subdivisions, all contributing to the understanding of human behavior and mental processes, from unique perspectives.
These include Biological psychology, which is the study of the biological bases of behavior. Cognitive psychology focuses on the relationship between thoughts and behavior, including the study of the brain mechanisms underlying thought, perception, memory, emotion, and other brain functions. Personality psychology deals with individuals' unique patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion.
Other applied areas of psychology include Industrial and Organizational psychology, Health psychology, Sport and Exercise psychology, Forensic psychology, and Clinical psychology. These fields apply psychological concepts to relevant settings, from improving business practices, supporting healthier lifestyles, to diagnosing and treating psychological disorders.
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when you have finished a task or project before its deadline, how often do you spend time
Answer:
I usually spend my time on checking my project or to make it more relevant.
Explanation:
It is always a good thing to complete your task before the deadline because finishing your task before the time limit actually gives you more confidence.
Also, in the spare time you can read or check out what on points you need to work more and what the other statements (points) you can add to create your project more relevant. I usually spend my time after on these things once i complete my project or task before time.
Beth comes from a working class family. Since her father is disabled and unemployed, Beth needed to take a full-time job right after high school to help her mother provide for two younger children. Fortunately, she got a job as a receptionist in her uncle's real estate business. The secretarial skills she learned in high school help pay the family's bills. According to Marcia's categories of identity status, which placement would you assign to Beth with regard to her vocational identity?
Select one:
a. Diffusion
b. Moratorium
c. Achieved
d. Foreclosed
Answer:
Foreclosed
Explanation:
Foreclosed or foreclose is the legal process in which a lender can take control over the property. It is about a legal charge of a lender who can evict the homeowner if the homeowner is not able to pay the full payment of the principle. It is the legal process deed of the trust contract. This process varies from state to state.
Thus in the above statement, Beth has to be assigned a foreclosed identity with regards to her vocational identity