Answer: The correct answer is option d.
Explanation: Energy stored into gasoline is converted into another form of energy. This was very well explained on the basis of Law of conservation of energy. This law states that energy is conserved in the system which means that energy is converted from one form to another form.
The energy stored into gasoline is converted into mechanical energy which helps the car to move and some of the energy is lost in the form of heat.
Hence, the correct answer is Option d.
The energy stored in gasoline is converted into mechanical energy and heat when the car runs, adhering to the conservation of energy law. Option d is correct.
When a car runs out of gasoline, the energy stored in the gasoline is not destroyed or converted into matter, nor is it transferred to the roadway in a straightforward manner. Instead, the chemical potential energy stored within the molecular bonds of the gasoline is converted through combustion into mechanical energy and heat.
This process is known as an energy conversion and is a practical example of the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but only changed from one form to another. In a car's engine, the combustion of gasoline causes the gaseous products to expand rapidly, pushing the pistons, thus generating mechanical energy that propels the car forward. Simultaneously, heat is produced, part of which is used to do work while the rest is dissipated into the environment.
10.0 g of gaseous ammonia and 6.50 g of oxygen gas are introduced into a previously evacuated 5.50 L vessel. If the ammonia and oxygen then react to yield NO gas and water vapor, what is the final gas pressure inside the vessel at 23?C
3.54 × 10⁵ Pa.
ExplanationAmmonia NH₃ and oxygen gas O₂ reacts at a one-to-one molar ratio to produce NO and H₂O.
NH₃ + O₂ → NO + H₂O (Balanced)
NH₃ has a molar mass of 17.03 g/mol. 10.0 g of NH₃ contains 0.5872 mol molecules.O₂ has a molar mass of 32.00 g/mol. 6.50 g of H₂O contains 0.2031 mol molecules.H₂O is the limiting reactant. All 0.2031 mol of O₂ will be consumed. Only 0.2031 mol of NH₃ will be consumed. 0.5872 - 0.2031 = 0.3841 mol of NH₃ will be in excess. The reaction will produce 0.2031 mol of NO and 0.2031 mol of H₂O.The vessel will contain
0.3841 mol NH₃,0 mol O₂,0.2031 mol NO, and0.2031 mol H₂O.It will contain 0.3841 + 0.2031 + 0.2031 = 0.7903 mol gas particles by the end of the reaction.
[tex]P = n \cdot R \cdot T / V \\\phantom{P} = 0.7903 \times (8.314 \times 10^{3}) \times (273 + 23) / 5.50 \\\phantom{P} = 3.54 \times 10^5 \; \text{Pa}[/tex]
Assuming that the final mixture is an ideal gas, it will exert a pressure of 3.54 × 10⁵ Pa on the container.
We can find the final gas pressure by first converting the given grams of ammonia and oxygen into moles, then using the ideal gas law to calculate the final gas pressure. The final gas pressure inside the vessel after the reaction is approximately 2.54 atm.
Explanation:In this question, we are asked to find the final gas pressure inside the vessel after a reaction between gaseous ammonia (NH3) and oxygen (O2), yielding Nitric Oxide (NO) gas and water vapor. The reaction is as follows: 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) => 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g).
First, we need to calculate the number of moles for both ammonia and oxygen. We know that the molar mass of NH3 is 17 g/mol, and for O2 its 32 g/mol. Therefore, we have 10.0g / 17 g/mol = 0.59 mol ammonia and 6.50g / 32 g/mol = 0.20 mol oxygen.
Now apply the ideal gas law (PV=nRT), we will find the final pressure. Note that to use this formula, the temperature needs to be in Kelvin. We convert 23C to 296.15K(23 + 273.15). The total number of moles of gas is the sum of the moles of ammonia and oxygen, and the total volume is given as 5.50L.
So, the total pressure = nRT/V = (0.59 mol + 0.20 mol) * 0.0821 L atm/mol K × 296.15K / 5.50 L. This yields a final pressure of approximately 2.54 atm.
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Complete the sentence. When an acid is added to water, hydroxide ions __________.
increase
decrease
stay the same
disappear
(MY WHOLE GRADE DEPENDS ON THIS QUESTION)
You are given the balanced equation:
Zn(NO3)2 (aq) + Na2S (aq) ----> ZnS (s) + X
What is correct formula for the product represented by X?
A. Na2(NO3)2 (s)
B. Na2NO3 (s)
C. NaNO3 (aq)
D. 2 NaNO3 (aq)
Answer:
D. 2 NaNO₃
Explanation:
A double displacement reaction is a type of reaction where two reactants exchange ions to form two new compounds. Double displacement reactions typically result in the formation of a product that is a precipitate.
Double displacement reactions take the form:
AB + CD → AD + CB
For the reaction:
Zn(NO₃)₂(aq) + Na₂S(aq) → ZnS(s) + X
If Zn bond with S, NO₃ must be react with Na to produce NaNO₃ that is a soluble salt (Is in aqueous state (aq)). As there are 2 Na and 2 NO₃ the right answer is:
D. 2 NaNO₃
I hope it helps!
Which is true about each element in a period or horizontal row of the periodic table?
A.
Each element has one more outer shell than the element before it.
B.
Each element has one more outer electron than the element before it.
C.
Each element has one more isotope than the element before it.
D.
Each element bonds with the element before it.
The true about element in period or horizontal row of periodic table is
Each element has one more outer electron than the element before it. (answer B)
Explanation
In periodic table there are four horizontal rows(periods) that is period 1,2,3 and 4.
Across the period each element has one more electron than element before it.
For example Na and Mg which are in periodic 3.
Na has 2.8.1 or [Ne] 3s¹ electron configuration while Mg has 2.8.2 or [Ne] 3S² electron configuration.
Since Mg has 2 outer electrons while Na has 1 outer electron, Mg has more electron than Na.
1.) The modern atomic theory has been updated over the years as new observations of the atom have been made. What do these changes say about the strength of the modern atomic theory?
A. The changes make the theory weaker because they demonstrate that the scientific community can't agree on the properties of atoms.
B. The changes make the theory weaker because they demonstrate that the original atomic theory was flawed, so all resulting theories are also flawed.
C. The changes make the theory stronger because it has been tested and edited multiple times, making it more durable.
D. The changes make the theory stronger because each time the theory is changed, it becomes more popular.
2.) In Rutherford's famous experiment, he shot heavy, fast moving, positive alpha particles at a thin gold foil. Based on Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom, what did Rutherford expect to happen, and why?
A. All the alpha particles would be deflected by the foil because of the even distribution of mass and charge throughout the atom.
B. All the alpha particles would pass straight through the foil because of the even distribution of mass and charge throughout the atom.
C. Most of the alpha particles would become embedded in the foil because they are attracted to the negative electrons in the atom.
D. Some of the alpha particles would be deflected and some would pass through, because of the negative charge of the electron cloud.
1.) The modern atomic theory has been updated over the years..
the correct option is:
C. The changes make the theory stronger because it has been tested and edited multiple times, making it more durable.
2. In Rutherfords experiment,Based on Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom, what did Rutherford expect to happen;
A. All the alpha particles would be deflected by the foil because of the even distribution of mass and charge throughout the atom.
According to Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom the positive and negative charges are evenly distributed.
Changes in atomic theory show its strength through rigorous testing and refinement, and Rutherford's experiment disproved the plum pudding model by showing atoms have a dense nucleus since not all alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil.
1. The changes in the modern atomic theory illustrate the dynamic nature of scientific exploration. Option C is the correct answer, as these changes make the theory stronger because it has been tested and edited multiple times, making it more durable. Scientific theories evolve over time through experimentation and observation, and the ability to adapt and refine a theory in the light of new evidence is a sign of its robustness.
Regarding Rutherford's famous experiment, based on Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom, Rutherford expected that the alpha particles would pass essentially straight through the foil with only slight deflection. This is because the plum pudding model posited that atoms had an even distribution of mass and charge.
2. The correct answer is Option B: All the alpha particles would pass straight through the foil because of the even distribution of mass and charge throughout the atom. However, the unexpected result of alpha particles being deflected at large angles or even straight back led to the conclusion that Thomson's model was incorrect and that atoms have a dense, positively charged nucleus at their center.
Chuck has a very detailed model of the solar system where each planet is made out of granite rock. Since his little sister really liked the model, he spent two weeks in his dad's workshop building her a Styrofoam copy. When he picked up the models to take them back inside the house, which physical property would he immediately notice upon picking them up?
He could be blindfolded and know which was his and which was his sister's. All he would need to do is pick them both up and if they were too big then pick them up one at a time. The lumber might make it harder to tell, but this is a question about physical properties.
So there is a change in mass which for the purpose of this question should be quite different. His sister's ought to be much lighter than his. He would find it easier to pick up.
the answer is desity
Which statements correctly describe atmospheric pressure?
1.It’s the same everywhere in the atmosphere.
2. It pushes on all objects that are on Earth’s surface.
3. It can be measured in atmospheres or kilopascals.
4. It pushes on objects in all directions.
5.It’s a result of gas particles losing energy.
Multiple answers
Answers are:
2. It pushes on all objects that are on Earth’s surface.
3. It can be measured in atmospheres or kilopascals.
Barometric pressure (atmospheric pressure), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth
Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing height, because there are fewer air molecules above a given object.
Barometer is an instrument used in meteorology to measure atmospheric pressure.
Atmospheric pressure (atm) is the force per unit area by the weight of air above that point.
Kilopascal (kPa) is a metric system pressure unit and equals to 1000 force of newton per square meter.
Atmospheric pressure results from molecular collisions of atmospheric gases.
Answer:
2 & 3
Explanation:
The solution in the two arms of the U-tube are separated by a membrane that is permeable to water and glucose but not to sucrose. Side A is half filled with a solution of 2 M sucrose and 1 M glucose. Side B is half filled with 1 M sucrose and 2 M glucose. Initially, the liquid levels on both sides are equal. After the system reaches equilibrium. what changes are observed?
Answer:
The liquid level will rise in Side A and drop in Side B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The membrane is impermeable to sucrose, but permeable to sucrose and water.
Side A Side B
2 M sucrose 1 M sucrose
1 M glucose 2 M glucose
(a) Ignoring osmotic effects
The glucose will diffuse spontaneously from the side with higher concentration to that of lower concentration until equilibrium is established. There is no change in volume on either side.
At this point, we have
Side A Side B
2 M sucrose 1 M sucrose
1.5 M glucose 1.5 M glucose
=====
(b) With osmotic effects
The solute concentration on Side A is greater than on Side B.
Water will diffuse into Side A.
The liquid level will rise in Side A and drop in Side B.
At equilibrium, glucose will be evenly distributed on both sides of the membrane, the level of liquid on Side A will have risen, and the level on Side B will have fallen due to the osmotic pressure induced by the unequal concentration of sucrose and initial glucose concentrations.
Explanation:The question relates to the biology concept of osmosis and diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. Initially, the concentration of sucrose is higher on Side A than Side B, and the membrane is impermeable to sucrose. As a result, sucrose remains where it is, creating an osmotic pressure.
However, with respect to glucose, which is permeable, Side A has a lower concentration than Side B. This difference in glucose concentration causes glucose to move from Side B to Side A, following the concentration gradient until glucose levels on both sides reach an equilibrium.
The membrane is also permeable to water. Due to sucrose-induced osmotic pressure on Side A and the initial glucose concentration on Side B, water will shift towards Side A till an equilibrium is reached. Water moves from a high concentration to a low concentration in order to balance the solution.
So, in conclusion, at equilibrium, the level of liquid on Side A would have risen and the level on Side B would have fallen. Also, glucose would be evenly distributed on both sides of the membrane.
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The largest number from among the following is:
1.80 x 10-6
1.80 x 10-4
1.80 x 10-8
1.80 x 10-2
The largest number of the four options is 1.8 X 10-2
You have it in scientific notation.
1.80 X 10-6 = 0.00000180
1.80 X 10-4 = 0.000180 (bigger, or "less small", than the former one)
So
1.8 X 10-2 = 0.0180. As you see. The "less small", or the biggest one of them all.
As you have negative exponent, it means you are dividing 1.8 by 100 (i.e. moving the dot towards left, two times).
If you had positive exponent for the scientific notation, power of tenths, you would be multiplying times 100 (moving the dot towards right) as below:
1.8 X (10)2 = 180
So. If you have negative exponent in Scientific notation, move the dot toward left. If it is positive, toward right as many times the exponent tells you.
Answer:
1.80 x 10-2
Explanation:
How many times more energy is required to ionize Li+1 ion than H-atom,both being in the ground state?
Answer:
4.563 times more energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ionization energy of hydrogen is 1312.0 kJ·mol⁻¹.
The second ionization energy of Li (the first ionization energy of Li⁺) is 7298.1 kJ·mol⁻¹.
Ratio = 7298.1/1312.0
Ratio = 5.563
The ionization energy of Li⁺ is 5.563 times as much as, or 4.563 times more than, the ionization energy of H.
How many moles of carbon are in a sample of 21.45 moles of heptane(C7H16)???????
The moles of carbon that are in the sample of 21.45 moles of heptane(C₇H₁₆) is 150.15 moles
calculation
moles of carbon = moles of heptane × number of C atom
number of C atom in heptane = 1 ×7 = 7 atoms
moles is therefore = 21.45 moles × 7 =150.15 moles
Answer: The number of moles of carbon atom that the given amount of heptane is 150.15 moles
Explanation:
We are given:
Moles of heptane = 21.45 moles
The chemical formula for heptane is [tex]C_7H_{16}[/tex]
1 mole of heptane contains 7 moles of carbon atom and 16 moles of hydrogen atom
So, 21.45 moles of heptane will contain [tex](7\times 21.45)=150.15moles[/tex] of carbon atom
Hence, the number of moles of carbon atom that the given amount of heptane is 150.15 moles
The enthalpy change for converting 1.00 mol of ice at -25.0 ∘c to water at 90.0∘c is ________ kj. the specific heats of ice, water, and steam are 2.09 j/g−k, 4.18 j/g−k, and 1.84 j/g−k, respectively. for h2o, δ hfus = 6.01kj/mol, and δhvap = 40.67 kj/mol.
Answer : The enthalpy change for converting 1 mole of ice at [tex]-25.0^oC[/tex] to water at [tex]90^oC[/tex] is, 7.712 KJ
Solution :
Process involved in the calculation of enthalpy change :
[tex](1):ice(-25^oC)\rightarrow ice(0^oC)\\\\(2):ice(0^oC)\rightarrow water(0^oC)\\\\(3):water(0^oC)\rightarrow water(90^oC)[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the enthalpy change.
[tex]\Delta H=[m\times c_{ice}\times (T_2-T_1)]+\Delta H_{fusion}+[m\times c_{water}\times (T_3-T_2)][/tex]
where,
[tex]\Delta H[/tex] = enthalpy change
m = mass of water = [tex]1mole\times 18g/mole=18g[/tex]
[tex]c_{ice}[/tex] = specific heat of ice = 2.09 J/gk
[tex]c_{water}[/tex] = specific heat of water = 4.18 J/gk
[tex]\Delta H_{fusion}[/tex] = enthalpy change for fusion = 6.01 KJ/mole = 0.00601 J/mole
conversion : [tex]0^oC=273k[/tex]
[tex]T_1[/tex] = initial temperature of ice = [tex]0^oC=273k[/tex]
[tex]T_2[/tex] = final temperature of ice = [tex]-25^oC=273+(-25)=248k[/tex]
[tex]T_3[/tex] = initial temperature of water = [tex]0^oC=273k[/tex]
[tex]T_4[/tex] = final temperature of water = [tex]90^oC=273+90=363k[/tex]
Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get
[tex]\Delta H=[18g\times 2.09J/gK\times (273-248)k]+0.00601J+[18g\times 4.18J/gK\times (363-273)k][/tex]
[tex]\Delta H=7712.106J=7.712KJ[/tex] (1 KJ = 1000 J)
Therefore, the enthalpy change for converting 1 mole of ice at [tex]-25.0^oC[/tex] to water at [tex]90^oC[/tex] is, 7.712 KJ
The total enthalpy change for converting 1.00 mol of ice at -25.0 °C to water at 90.0 °C is calculated by first warming the ice to 0°C, melting the ice at 0°C to water, and finally heating the water to 90°C. Summing these steps gives a total enthalpy change of 11.84 kJ.
Explanation:The enthalpy change for the transition of ice to water involves both warming of the ice and heat for fusion. Firstly, we must warm the ice to 0.00 °C from -25.0 °C using the formula q=m*C*ΔT. Given the specific heat of ice is 2.09 J/g°K, mass is assumed to be 1.00 mol which is equivalent to 18g (1 mol of H2O = 18g), thus the heat required is ((18g*-25.0°C)*(2.09 J/g°K)) = -940.5 J or -0.94 kJ.
Next, we need to convert the ice at 0.00 °C to liquid water at 0.00 °C using enthalpy of fusion (ΔHfus) giving 1.00mol * 6.01 kJ/mol = 6.01 kJ. Then, we need to heat the water from 0.00 °C to 90.0 °C, q = (18.02 g)*(90.0°K)*(4.18 J/g°K) = 6766 J or 6.77 kJ.
Summing all these values gives the total enthalpy change for this process as (-0.94 kJ + 6.01 kJ + 6.77 kJ) = 11.84 kJ. Note, that we consider the absorbed heat as positive while heat given out (as in the initial warming of ice) is negative in accordance with the convention in thermodynamics.
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At equilibrium at 1200°C, [I2] = 9.5 ×10–2 M and [I] = 3.2 × 10–2 M. What is the value of Keq for this system?
Answer:The value of equilibrium constant is [tex]1.0778\times 10^{-2}[/tex].
Explanation:
[tex]I_2\rightleftharpoons 2I^-[/tex]
[tex][I_2]=9.5\times 10^{-2} M,[I^-]=3.2\times 10^{-2} M[/tex]
Expression of an equilibrium constant is given as:
[tex]K_{eq}=\frac{[I^-]^2}{[I_2]}=\frac{3.2\times 10^{-2}\times 3.2\times 10^{-2}}{9.5\times 10^{-2}}[/tex]
[tex]K_{eq}=1.0778\times 10^{-2}[/tex]
The value of equilibrium constant is [tex]1.0778\times 10^{-2}[/tex].
Answer:
B 1.1 × 10^–2
Explanation:
just got it right on the test
Which statement describes the charge distribution and the polarity of a CH4 molecule?The charge distribution is symmetrical and the molecule is nonpolar.The charge distribution is asymmetrical and the molecule is nonpolar.The charge distribution is symmetrical and the molecule is polar.The charge distribution is asymmetrical and the molecule is polar
A CH₄ molecule has four C-H bonds. Each of the C-H bonds is weakly polar. However, the molecule has a tetrahedral shape. The shape itself is symmetric.
As a result, charges on the four C-H bonds have a symmetric distribution. They cancel out within the molecule. Overall, the molecule is nonpolar.
The correct statement describing the charge distribution and the polarity of a [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}[/tex] molecule is as follows:
[tex]\boxed{{\text{The charge distribution is symmetrical and the molecule is nonpolar}}}[/tex].
Further Explanation:
The most important factor in determining the polarity of a bond is the difference in the electronegativity values of the bonded atoms. If there is an electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms, the molecule is said to be polar and vice-versa.
Another factor that plays a significant role in governing the bond polarity is symmetry. If a molecule has symmetry or symmetrical charge distribution, it is said to be nonpolar due to the cancellation of the individual dipole moments present in the molecule and vice-versa.
consists of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms. In this molecule, carbon acts as the central atom and four hydrogen atoms are placed around it in symmetrical positions so the net dipole moment becomes zero. As a result, this molecule is non-polar and has a symmetrical charge distribution (For structure, refer to the attached image).
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Which is a covalent compound? https://brainly.com/question/2083444 What type of bond exists between phosphorus and chlorine? https://brainly.com/question/81715Answer details:
Grade: High School
Chapter: Ionic and covalent compounds
Subject: Chemistry
Keywords: polar, nonpolar, symmetry, dipole moment, zero, symmetrical charge distribution, carbon, hydrogen, CH4.
a. What is the mass number of the particle emitted from the nucleus
during beta minus (β–) decay?
b. What kind of charge does the particle emitted from the nucleus during
beta minus (β–) decay have?
c. What is another name for a beta minus (β–) particle?
Answer: For a. Mass number for the particle is 0.
For b. The charge on the particle is -1.
For c. Another name for [tex]\beta [/tex]- particle is electron.
Explanation:
Beta- minus decay is the decay process in which beta-particle is emitted. The mass number of the nuclei remains same and the mass number of the particle is 0. The charge on the particle is -1 and the emitted particle is also called as electron.
[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z+1}^A\textrm{Y}+_{-1}^0\beta[/tex]
For a. The mass number for the particle is 0.
For b. The charge on the particle is -1.
For c. Another name for [tex]\beta [/tex]- particle is electron.
Chemical precipitation occurs when a product is BLANK and precipitates out of a solution. By comparison, precipitation reactions require the reactants to be BLANK in the solvent. 1.) A- insoluble B- oxidized C- reduced D- soluble 2.) A- insoluble B- oxidized C- reduced D- soluble
Precipitation reactions occur when cations and anions in aqueous solution combine to form an insoluble ionic solid called a precipitate. Whether or not such a reaction occurs can be determined by using the solubility rules for common ionic solids. Because not all aqueous reactions form precipitates, one must consult the solubility rules before determining the state of the products and writing a net ionic equation. The ability to predict these reactions allows scientists to determine which ions are present in a solution, and allows industries to form chemicals by extracting components from these reactions.
Answer: 1. Option (A) is the correct answer.
2. Option (D) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
When there is formation of an insoluble salt due to chemical reaction where two ions combine together in an aqueous solution then this insoluble salt is known as precipitate.
Therefore, chemical precipitation occurs when a product is insoluble and precipitates out of a solution.
Whereas reactants dissolve in precipitation reaction that is why a chemical reaction takes place in which an insoluble product is formed.
For example, [tex]AgNO_{3}(aq) + NaCl(aq) \rightarrow AgCl (ppt) + NaNO_{3}(aq)[/tex]
Here AgCl is the precipitate which is insoluble.
Thus, we can conclude the following.
Chemical precipitation occurs when a product is insoluble and precipitates out of a solution.By comparison, precipitation reactions require the reactants to be soluble in the solvent.Which statement is true about HCl? (5 points) Select one: a. It is a salt because it increases the concentration of metallic ions. B. It is a salt because it is formed by the reaction of an acid and a base. C. It is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydroxyl ions. D. It is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions.
ANSWER
It is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions.
HCl is an acid. When HCl is added into water, it undergoes the following dissociation:
HCl + H₂O(l) → H₃O⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq).
The Arrhenius definition defines acids as subtances that release H⁺(aq) when put in water. This H⁺(aq) ions that HCl releases reacts with water to form H₃O (hydronium), leading to an increase in concentration of H₃O.
The statement which is true about HCl is that it is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
What is HCl?HCl stands for hydrochloric acid. It is an inorganic chemical that has a strong corrosive acid with a chemical formula HCl. It is also known as hydrogen chloride or muriatic acid. When hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water HCl is formed.
HCl is a strong acid. When HCl is added to water, it significantly undergoes the dissociation reaction that is as follows:
HCl + H₂O(l) → H₃O⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq).According to Arrhenius's definition, it defines that acid is a substance that liberates H⁺(aq) when put in water. These H⁺(aq) ions that HCl releases typically react with water in order to form H₃O (hydronium), which leads to an enhancement in the concentration of H₃O.
Therefore, the statement which is true about HCl is that it is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
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Which of the following describes the specific copper ion in the compound, CuCl?
Cupride ion
Copper (I) ion
Copper (II) ion
Cupride (I) ion
(Answer) The specific copper ion in the compound CuCl is copper (I) ion.
The compound cuprous chloride (CuCl) also known as copper (I) chloride is an ionic compound that contains chloride ion with -1 charge. Therefore, charge on Cu should be +1 because CuCl is a neutral compound as + 1 -1 = 0. For this reason, the specific copper ion in the compound CuCl is copper (I) ion with +1 charge.
Answer:
Copper (I) ion
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, for the compound CuCl, the oxidation states are shown below:
[tex]Cu^{+1}Cl^{-1}[/tex]
As there are only one copper and one chlorine, therefore, the name of such copper ion is copper (I) ion as the roman number, I, represent its oxidation state which is +1.
Regards.
Which of the following statements provides the BEST explanation for the many chemical similarities between two elements in a Main Group? (Note: only ONE answer here.!) (a) They have similar atomic mass values. (b) Both have the same number of valence electrons. (c) They have the same number of protons. (d) They are in the same period.
Answer:
(b) Both have the same number of valence electrons.
Step-by-step explanation:
We find the most striking chemical similarities between two Main Group elements when they are in the same Group of the Periodic Table.
Elements in the same Group have the same number of valence electrons.
(a) is wrong, because elements in the same group have different masses.
(c) is wrong, because atoms with the same number of protons belong to the same element.
(d) is wrong, because elements in the same Group must be in . different Periods.
Evaluate the scenario.
An electron in the energy level closest to the nucleus absorbs a photon.
Which of the answer choices best describes what will happen next?
The electron will move from a higher energy level to a lower energy level.
The electron will move from the first energy level to the third energy level.
The electron will move from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.
The electron will move from the first energy level to the second energy level.
The electron will move from the first energy level to the second energy level.
The energy level closest to the nucleus is the first energy level, and when an electron absorbs a photon, it absorbs the energy in the photon. This absorption causes the electron to move from the first to second energy level.
Can someone please help me please?
13. The boiling point of a solvent is elevated by 2.4 °C when the solute concentration is 3.1 m. What is Kb?
What is the freezing-point depression of a solution that contains 0.705 mol of a nonelectrolyte solute in 5.02 kg of water? (Kf = 1.86 °C/m)
Answers:
0.77 °C·kg·mol⁻¹; 0.261 °C
Step-by-step explanation:
13. a. Boiling point elevation
The formula for boiling point elevation ΔTb is
ΔTb = Kb·b Divide each side by b
Kb = ΔTb/b
Kb = 2.4/3.1
Kb = 0.77 °C·kg·mol⁻¹
===============
13. b. Freezing point depression
The formula for freezing point depression [tex]\Delta T_{f}[/tex] is
[tex]\Delta T_{f} = \Delta K_{f} \cdot b[/tex]
b = moles of solute/kilograms of solvent
b = 0.705/5.02
b = 0.1404 mol/kg
[tex]\Delta T_{f} = 1.86 \times 0.1404[/tex]
[tex]\Delta T_{f} = 0.261 \textdegree \text{C}[/tex]
Answer:
1) The value of the [tex]K_b[/tex] is 0.07742°C/m.
2) 0.261°C is the freezing-point depression of a solution.
Explanation:
1) [tex]\Delta T_b=T_b-T[/tex]
[tex]\Delta T_b=K_b\times m[/tex]
[tex]\Delta T_b=iK_b\times \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Mass of solvent in Kg}}[/tex]
where,
[tex]\Delta T_b[/tex] =Elevation in boiling point
[tex]K_b[/tex] = boiling point constant of solvent= 3.63 °C/m
1 - van't Hoff factor (non-electrolyte solute)
m = molality
We have : [tex]\Delta T_b=2.4^oC[/tex]
m = 3.1 m
[tex]K_b=?[/tex]
[tex]\Delta T_b=K_b\times m[/tex]
[tex]2.4^oC=K_b\times 3.1 m[/tex]
[tex]K_b=\frac{2.4 ^oC}{3.1 m}=0.07742 ^oC/m[/tex]
The value of the [tex]K_b[/tex] is 0.07742°C/m.
2) [tex]\Delta T_f=T-T_f[/tex]
[tex]\Delta T_f=K_f\times m[/tex]
[tex]Delta T_f=iK_f\times \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Mass of solvent in Kg}}[/tex]
where,
[tex]\Delta T_f[/tex] =depression in freezing point
[tex]K_f[/tex] = freezing point constant of solvent= 1.86°C/m
1 - van't Hoff factor (non-electrolyte solute)
m = molality
We have , Moles of solute = 0.705 mol
Mass of solvent = 5.02 kg
[tex]molality=\frac{\text{Moles of solute }}{\text{Mas of solvent(kg)}}[/tex]
m = [tex]\frac{0.705 mol}{5.02 kg}=0.1404 mol/kg[/tex]
[tex]K_f=1.86^oC/m[/tex]
[tex]\Delta T_f=iK_f\times m[/tex]
[tex]=1\times 1.86 ^oC/m\times 0.1404 m[/tex]
[tex]=0.261^oC[/tex]
0.261°C is the freezing-point depression of a solution.
Which statements correctly describe atmospheric pressure?
A) It’s the same everywhere in the atmosphere.
B) It pushes on all objects that are on Earth’s surface.
C) It can be measured in atmospheres or kilopascals. It pushes on objects in all directions.
D) It’s a result of gas particles losing energy.
Answer:
The correct answers are options B and C, that is, it pushes on all the objects that are on the surface of the Earth, and it can be measured in kilopascals or atmospheres.
Explanation:
The atmospheric pressure or the barometric pressure refers to the pressure found inside the Earth's atmosphere. With the increasing height, the atmospheric pressure decreases. In meteorology, the barometer is an instrument, which is used to find the atmospheric pressure. Atm or atmospheric pressure is the force per unit region by the weight of air above that location, and kPa or kilopascal refers to a metric system pressure unit, which is equivalent to 1000 force of Newton per square meter.
Quick question.
In which group of the periodic table do you find halogens?
A.2A
B.8A
C.1A
D.7A
Solution:- Halogens are fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and Astatine(F, Cl, Br, I and At) and these are present in the 7A group of the periodic table. In modern periodic table this group is written as 17th group. This group elements have 7 valence electrons and so they are in group 7A.
So, the right choice is D. 7A.
If the temperature at the surface of the ocean increases, how does the carbon dioxide dissolved in the sea water change? NEED IT ASAP PLEASE
The carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere decreases.
The carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere increases.
The carbon dioxide that precipitates out increases.
The carbon dioxide absorbed by the ocean increases.
Good morning!
The correct answer is D- The carbon dioxide absorbed by the ocean increases.
Have a great day!
-Sky
If the temperature at the surface of the ocean increases, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the seawater will generally decrease.
When the water temperature rises, it reduces the solubility of carbon dioxide, causing it to be released from the water into the atmosphere.
This happens because warm water has a lower capacity to hold dissolved gases compared to cold water. As a result, as the surface temperature of the ocean increases, the ability of the seawater to retain carbon dioxide decreases, leading to the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
So, in response to the question, the correct answer is: The carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere increases.
Learn more about solubility,here:
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A half-life is the time it takes an amount of substance to decay to one-half of its original amount. For example, the sample is one-half after the first half-life but one-quarter (i.e., one-half of one-half) after the second half-life. If the half life of uranium-235 is 700 million years, how long does it take for 10.0 grams to decay to 2.5 grams? Express your answer in billions of years.
Answer:
2.10 × 10⁹ yr
Step-by-step explanation:
The half-life of U-235 is the time it takes for half the U to decay.
After one half-life, half (50 %) of the original amount will remain.
After a second half-life, half of that amount (25 %) will remain, and so on.
We can construct a table as follows:
No. of Fraction Amount
half-lives t/(yr × 10⁶) remaining remaining/g
1 700 ½ 10.0
2 1400 ¼ 5.00
3 2100 ⅛ 2.50
4 2800 ¹/₁₆ 1.25
We see that 2100 × 10⁶ yr is three half-lives, and the amount of U-235 remaining is 2.50 g.
It takes 2.10× 10⁹ yr for the U-238 to decay to 2.50 g.
What structural features help us identify a compound as an alkane, a cycloalkane, an alkene, an alkyne, a saturated hydrocarbon or an aromatic hydrocarbon?
1. _______ contains at least one ring of three or more carbon atoms joined by single bonds.
2._________ contains at least one double bond between carbon atoms.
3. _________ is an acryclic hydrocarbon that contains only single bonds.
4.__________ contains one or more planar, six membered rings of carbon atoms with delocalized pi-bonding throughout the ring
5. _____ contains only single bonds.
6.______ contains at least one triple bond between carbon atoms.
1. Cycloalkane contains at least one ring of three or more carbon atoms joined by single bonds.
Cycloalkanes are monocyclic saturated hydrocarbons. So, it contains at least one ring2. An Alkene contains at least one double bond between carbon atoms.
Alkene is any of the series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a double bond.3. A Saturated hydrocarbon is an acrylic hydrocarbon that contains only single bonds.
Saturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon in which all the carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds.4. An aromatic hydrocarbon contains one or more planar, six-membered rings of carbon atoms with delocalized pi-bonding throughout the ring.
Aromatic compounds are organic compounds also known as "mono- and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons."5. Alkane contains only single bonds.
Alkane is any of the series of saturated hydrocarbons.6. Alkyne contains at least one triple bond between carbon atoms.
Alkyne is any of the series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a triple bond.To learn more about structural features, refer to:
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Question 1 (True/False Worth 2 points) (04.03 LC) When Pb and AlCl3 react together, lead (Pb) can replace aluminum (Al) in the compound because lead is lower on the activity series. True False Question 2(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points) (04.03 MC) Which of the following equations has the correct products and is balanced correctly for a reaction between Na3PO4 and KOH? Na3PO4 + 3KOH → 3NaOH + K3PO4, because K retains the same charge throughout the reaction Na3PO4 + KOH → Na3OH + KPO4, because K increases in charge from 1+ to 3+ when it is replaced Na3PO4 + KOH → 3NaOH + K3PO4, because K retains the same charge throughout the reaction Na3PO4 + KOH → Na3OH + K3PO4, because K increases in charge from 1+ to 3+ when it is replaced Question 3(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points) (04.03 LC) Which of the following is a single replacement reaction? Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2H2O 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO H2O+ CO2 → H2CO3 Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2 Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points) (04.03 MC) Sodium metal reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas. What best describes this reaction? A single replacement reaction takes place because sodium is less reactive than hydroxide ions. A double replacement reaction takes place because sodium is less reactive than hydroxide ions. A double replacement reaction takes place because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen. A single replacement reaction takes place because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen. Question 5 (True/False Worth 2 points) (04.03 LC) A single replacement reaction is a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element within a compound. True False Question 6(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points) (04.03 MC) The table shows the nature of reactants and products formed in a certain type of chemical reaction. Nature of Reactants and Products Reactants Products Metal + Ionic compound Metal + Ionic compound Which of the following is true about the type of chemical reaction? It is a single replacement reaction, and the anions in the two ionic compounds are different. It is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different. It is a double replacement reaction, and the anions in the two ionic compounds are different. It is a double replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
Answer 1) [tex]Pb+AlCl_3\rightarrow [/tex] no reaction
As lead lies lower in reactivity series, it is less reactive than Aluminium. It will not be able to displace aluminium from its salt and hence no reaction occur. Thus the given statement is false.
2) [tex]Na_3PO4+3KOH\rightarrow 3NaOH+K_3PO_4[/tex], because K retains the same charge throughout the reaction.
A balanced chemical reaction is one in which the number of atoms on both sides of a chemical equation are same. Also K has an oxidation state or charge of +1 in [tex]KOH[/tex] as well as [tex]K_3PO_4[/tex]
3) [tex]Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2[/tex]
A single replacement reaction is one in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its salt solution.Thus zinc can easily lose electrons as compared to hydrogen and result in the formation of zinc sulfate and hydrogen.
[tex]Ba(OH)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2H_2O[/tex]: is a double displacement reaction in which ion exchange takes place.
[tex]2Mg+O_2\rightarrow 2MgO[/tex]: It is a synthesis reaction as two reactants combine to give a single product.
[tex]H_2O+CO_2\rightarrow H_2CO_3[/tex]: It is a synthesis reaction as two reactants combine to give a single product.
4) [tex]2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow 2NaOH+H_2[/tex] Sodium metal reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas: A single replacement reaction takes place because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen.
Sodium easily lose electrons than hydrogen and get oxidized to [tex]Na^+[/tex] in NaOH and [tex]H^+[/tex] get reduced to give [tex]H_2[/tex]
5) A single replacement reaction is a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element within a compound - False
A single replacement reaction is one in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its salt solution. Thus one element should be different from another element.
A double displacement reaction is one in which exchange of ions take place.
6) Metal + Ionic compound : It is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
Example: [tex]2K+MgCl_2\rightarrow 2KCl+Mg[/tex] where K is a metal and [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is an ionic compound. K being more reactive than Mg, displaces it from its salt solution.
Final answer:
The correct answers are False for Question 1 as Pb cannot replace Al in AlCl₃, the balanced equation for Na₃PO₄ and KOH is Na₃PO₄+ 3KOH → 3NaOH + K₃PO₄, and Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂ is an example of a single replacement reaction. True for Question 5, the nature of the single replacement reaction involves different cations.
Explanation:
For question 1, the statement is False. Lead (Pb) cannot replace aluminum (Al) in AlCl₃ because, according to the activity series, lead is less reactive than aluminum. For Pb to replace Al, Pb must be higher on the activity series.
For question 2, the correct balanced equation is Na₃PO₄ + 3KOH → 3NaOH + K₃PO₄, as potassium (K) retains the 1+ charge throughout the reaction.
For question 3, Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂ is an example of a single replacement reaction, where zinc (Zn) replaces the hydrogen (H).
For question 4, the reaction is a single replacement reaction that takes place because sodium (Na) is more reactive than hydrogen (H).
For question 5, the statement is True. A single replacement reaction involves one element replacing a similar element within a compound.
For question 6, the correct answer is It is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
NEED SOME HELP
Which of the following particulates may be found in a sample of air?
A. Dust
B. Pollen
C. Volcanic Ash
D all of the above
Your answer to this question would be D. all of the above. Hope that my answer can help you and good luck!
Sulfur dioxide gas (SO2) reacts with excess oxygen gas (O2) and excess liquid water (H2O) to form liquid sulfuric acid (H2SO4). In the laboratory, a chemist carries out this reaction with 67.2 L of sulfur dioxide and gets 250 g of sulfuric acid.
• Calculate the theoretical yield of sulfuric acid.
• Calculate the percent yield of the reaction.
(One mole of any gas occupies 22.4 L under certain conditions of temperature and pressure. Assume those conditions for this question.)
1) Answer is: the percent yield of the reaction is 84.5%.
Balanced chemical reaction: 2SO₂ + 2H₂O + O₂ → 2H₂SO₄.
V(SO₂) = 67.2 L; voulume of sulfur dioxide.
Vm = 22.4 L/mol; molar volume.
m(H₂SO₄) = 250 g; actual mass of sulfuric acid.
n(SO₂) = V(SO₂) ÷ Vm.
n(SO₂) = 67.2 L ÷ 22.4 L/mol.
n(SO₂) = 3 mol; amount of sulfur dioxide.
2) From balanced chemical reaction: n(SO₂) : n(H₂SO₄) = 2 : 2 (1 : 1).
n(H₂SO₄) = n(SO₂).
n(H₂SO₄) = 3 mol; amoun of sulfuric acid.
M(H₂SO₄) = 98.08 g/mol; molar mass of sulfuric acid.
m(H₂SO₄) = n(H₂SO₄) · M(H₂SO₄).
m(H₂SO₄) = 3 mol · 98.08 g/mol.
m(H₂SO₄) = 294.24 g; theoretical mass of sulfuric acid.
Theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be produced from limiting reactant and actual yield is a product that is obtained by experimentation.
the percent yield = actual yield / theoretical yield.
the percent yield = 250 g ÷ 294.24 g · 100%.
the percent yield = 84.5 %.
Covalent bonds usually occur between atoms that have and . A. High molecular weights; large atomic radii B. Low ionization energies; low electron affinities C. Low molecular weights; small atomic radii D. High ionization energies; high electron affinities
Answer is: D. High ionization energies; high electron affinities.
Covalent bond is usually between nonmetals.
The ionization energy (Ei) is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the valence electron, when element lose electrons, oxidation number of element grows (oxidation process).
Nonmetals are far right in the main group and they have highest ionization energy, because they have many valence electrons.
For example, fluorine has the greatest affinity for electrons and tendency to be reduced, than oxygen and chlorine.
Fluorine form molecule of fluorine F₂ with single nonpolar covalent bond.