These cells are part of he domains archaea and bacteria prokaryotes or eukaryotes

Correct matches are:

1. pair of identical chromosomes (chromosomes that contain the same genes) from each parent, which all organisms produced by sexual reproduction receive -- Homologous pair

2. period between two periods of mitosis -- Interphase

3. the process involving the division of the nucleus in a reproductive cell; cell division in which the daughter cells have fewer chromosomes than the parent cell; responsible for genetic recombination -- Meiosis

4. the stage in the first meiotic division in which the homologous chromosomes line up as a pair, forming a tetrad of chromatids at the equator of the cell -- Metaphase 1

5. the stage in the second meiotic division in which the chromatid pair lines up at the equator of the cell -- Metaphase 2

Answer:

1. homologous pair

2. Interphase

3. Meiosis

4. Metaphase I

5. Metaphase II

Explanation:

1. Homologous chromosomes are similar but non-identical chromosomes received from each parent. The pair of chromosomes are similar in the sense that they contain the same genes but non-identical because they may contain different alleles. Each pair is contributed by each parent.

2. Interphase is regarded as the resting stage of the cell cycle. It is the stage where the cell is not dividing but rather preparing for the next round of division, hence, it is the between stage of two successive divisions. It consists of three stages G1, S and G2 stages. These three stage generally involves cell enlargement, DNA replication, and organnelles replication etc.

3. Meiosis is a kind of division that results in four daughter cells with each having a reduced number of chromosomes (by half) as the parent cell. Meiosis is the cell division employed by sexually-reproducing organisms to produce gametes (sperm and egg). Meiosis also increases the chance of genetic diversity due to the crossing-over or recombination that occurs in its prophase stage.

4. Since meiosis reduces the chromosomal number, it occurs in a two-step division process viz: Meiosis I and II. In the prophase stage of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes from each parent lies side by side to form a TETRAD or BIVALENT structure. These TETRAD structure is later aligned at the equator of the cell by the spindle microtubules. Note that, homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis I.

5. In meiosis II, sister chromatids, which are replicated chromosomes align at the equator of the cell during the Metaphase stage. This makes meiosis II similar to mitosis because sister chromatids are involved. Note that, sister chromatids separate during meiosis II.

The correct answer is Artificial Selection

Artificial Selection is a selection process of desired characters in plants and animals through breeding. in In the process of Artificial Selection the offspring with desired characters is actively selected. Artificial selection is carried by selective breeding. This practice is very old and started before Darwin's theory of evolution and the discovery of genetics. Farmers chose with beneficial traits which could be heritable. Beneficial traits are studied and spend a lot of time calculating how heritable these traits can be.  

Final answer:

The example of breeding a poodle with a golden Labrador Retriever for specific traits such as curly hair and color represents Artificial Selection, where humans selectively breed for desired characteristics.

Explanation:

The concept shown in the example where Jason decides to mate a poodle with a golden Labrador Retriever in order to get puppies with the curly hair of the poodle and the color of the Labrador is Artificial Selection. This method involves human intervention to select traits that are desired, such as fur type or color, in order to breed offspring with those specific characteristics. Artificial selection is different from natural selection, as it relies on human choice rather than environmental pressures. The breeding of Labradors, where fur color is controlled by the alleles E and B, with the presence of epistasis influencing the coat color, is also an example of artificial selection being applied.

Answer:C

The true breed red flower's genottype is RR and for white flower is rr. So horticulturalist plans to cross a geranium that is true breeding for red color and for white color will best describe by the cross between RR and rr.

      r       r

R    Rr     Rr

R    Rr     Rr

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The horticulturist is trying to perform a monohybrid cross involving a single gene coding for flower colour in geranium. The allele for red flower (R) is dominant over the allele for the white flower (r) because in an heterozygous state (Rr), the red allele masks the expression of the white allele.

The horticulturist crosses a truebreeding red-flowered geranium with a white-flowered geranium.

Note that, a true breeding plant is a plant that is genetically identical and have identical alleles for a specific trait (flower color in this case). Hence, the alleles of a truebreeding plant is homozygous i.e. same allele

Therefore a truebreeding red-flowered geranium will possess the genotype RR, while a truebreeding white-flowered geranium will have the genotype rr. In a cross using a punnet square, RR will produce gametes R, R while rr will produce gametes r, r.

All the offsprings as seen in the punnet square will possess the genotype Rr, which is heterozygous and phenotypically red-flowered

The incorrect statement is that DNA is duplicated twice for meiosis - in both mitosis and meiosis, DNA is duplicated only once before cell division begins.

The statement (C) DNA is duplicated once for mitosis, but twice for meiosis is not a difference between mitosis and meiosis. In both processes, DNA is replicated only once, prior to the start of the cell division. The number of divisions and outcomes are what differ between the two. In mitosis, one round of cell division occurs resulting in two genetically identical diploid cells. With meiosis, however, two rounds of cell division occur, resulting in four genetically different haploid cells.

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Firstly, why does yellowing of leaf tissue occurs? It occurs because of lack of chlorophyll. These phenomenon is called chlorosis. The reason for chlorosis can be many like poor drainage, damaged roots, compacted roots, high alkalinity, and nutrient deficiencies in the plant.

The condition described here indicates presence of certain minerals like calcium, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, or copper in high amounts in the soil which tie up with iron making it unavailable to plant. Iron is necessary for the formation of chlorophyll (which gives green color) and is also necessary for many enzymes involved in plant metabolism. Chlorosis is mostly associated with lack of iron.

Final answer:

The excess mineral causing impacts on the plants is most likely metals such as lead, cadmium, and chromium, which enter the environment through industrial activities like mining and metallurgy. These toxic metals can contaminate the soil and water, making them acidic and affecting the plants.

Explanation:

The excess mineral that is causing impacts on the plants in the area is most likely metals, such as lead, cadmium, and chromium, which can enter the environment through industrial activities like mining and metallurgy.

These toxic metals, when present in excess amounts in the nearby river, can contaminate the soil and water, making them acidic. The acidic soil and water then affect the plants, causing yellowing of leaves, frequent leaf abscission, and fading of the plants.

This is similar to the effect of acid rain on plants and the environment, where the acid rain makes the soil and water acidic, leading to damage to plants, aquatic life, and structures.

ANSWER:- option A formation of fossil fuels.

Explanation:-

So, the formation of fossil fuels is the phenomena which takes the longest time in the carbon cycle.

Formation of fossil fuels is a  process in the carbon cycle that takes the longest time to complete.

Fossils are the remains of organisms that died more than 10,000 years ago so this means that 10,000 years are required for the formation of fossil fuel.

So we can conclude that formation of fossil fuels is a  process in the carbon cycle that takes the longest time to complete.

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Answer:

To bind neurotransmitters and generate an action potential in the sarcolemma

Explanation:

A Myoneural junction is also known as A neuromuscular junction that basically is a chemical synapse which is created when a  motor neuron contacts a muscle fiber. This  synapse made between a spinal motor neuron and skeletal muscle cell has a specific structure due to which it is called the motor endplate.

Now what is the function of this motor endplate?

We already know that in response to a stimuli a series of events start in nervous system which lead to the production of a response. For example, when we touch a hot object a signal travels through Central nervous system and the response occurs when we move our hands away from the hot object.

Now, taking this same example, what happens is that when a response has to be produced , for example muscle contraction, the neurons which act there are called motor neurons. When the motor nerve is stimulated due to arrival of a nerve impulse in the motor nerve terminals, the first response occurs with the help of motor endplate.

The arrival of motor neuron causes an action potential at presynaptic neuron terminal that opens up  calcium channels and Ca2+ ions  into the presynaptic neuron's cytosol causing several neurotransmitter molecules to fuse with the presynaptic neuron's cell membrane

Here, the neurotranmsitters like acetylcholine binds with the receptors present in the motor end plate. As soon as they bind with the receptors on motor end plate,  an influx of Na+ ions occurs that  triggers an action potential. When action potential is triggered it  travels along the sarcolemma and into the muscle fiber which initiate the muscle contraction. This muscle contraction is the response to a certain stimuli and in the example we discussed it will be bringing our hand away from the hot object.

This is a long and complex mechanism which i tried to summarize, You can get a better idea by looking at the diagram attached.

The answer is; C

Gene therapy is still not considered safe and has not been approved for humans, especially due to errors in inserting of DNA at the target site and also random relapse of the DNA from its inserted site. Gene therapy, however, can be sanctioned when its benefits outweigh its risks such as in terminally ill patients - with the approval of the patient and local relevant policies/authorities. Gene therapy, today, is being tested with innovative tools called CRISPR/Cas9.

Answer: C) still being tested and is used for diseases that have no cure.

Explanation: It is considered as risky and is only used for diseases with no cures. It's not used for those diseases with many cures and it is not safe.

the answer is minerals are nutrients that become part of the body tissue and are needed that help the body work properly.

I think the answer is C

The correct answer is option C, The dodo bird and tree frog faced long-term changes

In the table the Dodo bird became extinct which means it will never be seen again in future. Since it is a change which will continue forever in the coming future , it can be stated as a long term change

Also the tree frog adapted something and this will also continue for a long period of time until unless some other evolutionary change is introduced. Thus it is also a long term change.  

it would be bind nucleotides together so therefore the answer is a

There are two ways to do this.  You could actually learn the phases and count each one.  Since you're posting here, it's a safe bet you have no intention of actually learning the material.  The second is to estimate based on the total number of cells.  At any given time, you will have approximately the following percentages for each phase of the cell cycle:

Interphase - 96%

Prophase - 2.5%

Metaphase - .5%

Anaphase - .5%

Telophase - .5%

In the picture, there are about 120 cells.  Now you have to do a little 5th grade math to calculate the approximate mumbers of each phase.  So, for Interphase, we multiply 120 x .96 = 115.  For Prophase we multiply 120 x .025 = 3.  For Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase, we multiply 120 x .005 = .6, which rounds up to 1 each.  Now, as I specified, these numbers are approximate.  Looking at the picture, I count three that are in Metaphase, two that are in Anaphase, and at least three in Telophase. And there are more than three in Prophase.  The best way to figure this out is to print the picture and, using a guide from the internet, count the cells in each phase, marking them off as you count them so that you don't recount them.  Good Luck!

The number of cells in each phase of the cell cycle varies. In a 24-hour cell cycle in rapidly dividing human cells, the G₁ phase lasts about 11 hours, S phase lasts about 6-7 hours, G₂ phase lasts about 4-5 hours, and M phase lasts about 1-2 hours. Cells in specific conditions or stages of life may spend different durations in these phases.

The number of cells that belong to each phase of the cell cycle can indeed vary; it usually depends on the specific type of cell and the organism in which these cells are found. In rapidly dividing human cells with a 24-hour cell cycle, the G₁ phase lasts approximately 11 hours. This means that, for a considerable amount of the cell cycle, cells are in the G₁ phase. Following this, the time a cell spends in each of the subsequent phases can be estimated as: S phase - approximately 6-7 hours, G₂ phase - approximately 4-5 hours, and M phase (Mitosis) - approximately 1-2 hours. In certain cells such as human embryonic cells, the cell cycle is shorter, while in specialized cells like neurons, cells remain in the Go phase, essentially a 'resting phase', for an entire lifetime.

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Endoderm becomes bones and muscles is incorrect

Endoderm forms the internal organs

Mesoderm is the one that makes bones and muscles (and kidneys)

Answer:

Endoderm becomes bones and muscles is incorrect

Endoderm forms the internal organs

Explanation:

ah sorry reference the guy above

The best answer i see is A)- Cooling  

i hope this is right and it helps you

Answer:

Earth's initial atmosphere probably contained higher levels of water vapor than today's atmosphere. Most of the water vapor left the atmosphere due to the a) cooling of the earth.

Explanation:

To understand this answer we need to understand the characteristics of cold and hot air. First of all, hot air or in this case water vapor due to physics tends to go up, while cold air or vapor tends to go down. This can be observed in the process of raining. Vapor always goes up and comes down to earth in the form of water, mist or snow. However, in that time the vapor didn't come down and kept going up because the atmosphere was not developed and the earth's cooling was responsible for that. Because it didn't have the pressure and gravity it has today.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Although overall, birth rate and death rate play a major role in determining the population of an area however there are many other factors too which influence the population of an area. These factors are :

Hope it help!

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\bf~A.}[/tex]

A little basic info:

Chromosomes are molecules of DNA that carry groups of genetic information. Some genes group up in the same chromosome, and this it what we'll see below.

Why are linked genes inherited together? What are they?

This question is more simple than it looks, since there's really little to explain. Linked genes, are genes inherited through the same chromosome:

→ When 2 genes tend to group-up on the same chromosome, they tend to be inherited together, but still, this doesn't happen always and the probablity of this happening is just slightly above 50%.

Remember:

Only genes that sit close together on a chromosome are likely to be inherited together, because if they're to far apart in the chromosome, the process of (homologous) recombination might separate them.

→ To make things simple, homologous recombination is when similar DNA moleculas are moved and recombined in a different way.

Hope it helped,

BioTeacher101

The reason that linked genes are inherited together is Linked genes are inherited together because they are located close to each other on the same chromosome.

The correct answer is A.

During the process of meiosis, which is responsible for the formation of gametes (sperm and eggs), homologous chromosomes pair up and can exchange segments of genetic material through a process called recombination or crossing over. However, when genes are located very close together on the same chromosome, the likelihood of recombination between them is reduced. As a result, these genes tend to be inherited together as a unit, maintaining the linkage between them.

The phenomenon of linked genes was first described by Thomas Hunt Morgan in his studies on fruit flies, where he observed that certain traits were consistently inherited together due to their close proximity on the same chromosome.

Hence , A is the correct option

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C. Tendons

Tendons are connective tissues that are able to attach muscles to bones. They are found through out the body especially at the end of each muscle. Including the human eyeball where tendons are used to connect muscles to other parts.

• Fascicles are fibers which cannot be attach skeletal muscles to the bone.

• Ligaments are connective tissues which connect bones to joints.

• Flexors are muscles that are able to stretch a body part.

Skeletal muscle cells are attached to bones by tendons, which are tough connective tissues that enable the movement of bones at joints when muscles contract.

Skeletal muscle cells are usually attached to bone by tendons. Tendons are tough connective tissues that connect skeletal muscles to the skeleton, allowing for the movement of bones at a joint. When muscles contract, the tension is transmitted through these tendons which in turn pull on the bones, facilitating movement.

Tendons are composed of dense, regular connective tissue and are integral for the interaction of skeletal muscles in the body. This connection to bones is crucial for muscles to perform functions like maintaining posture, stabilizing bones and joints, controlling internal movement, and generating heat.

the answer is c: mutualism

the answer is C at least i think

Final answer:

When the skin is punctured, the body responds by becoming inflamed to protect against infection, involving immune responses such as blood vessel dilation and white blood cell activation.

Explanation:

If your skin is punctured, it will protect your body from infection by C) becoming inflamed. Inflammation is the body's response to injury or infection, and it entails a series of immune activities designed to contain and eliminate the invading pathogens. This response includes the dilation of blood vessels, which leads to the affected area becoming red and warm. In addition, it involves the attraction and migration of white blood cells, known as neutrophils, to the wound, where they contribute to the defense against infection.

B) by determining changes in blood pressure

it could be A as well but B is more likely....

For example, if you have high blood pressure, the EKG may show that your heart has become enlarged due to the extra work of pumping blood under higher pressure

Answer:

the answer is B

Explanation:

i think the answer is b

They create genetic variations.

Answer:

They create genetic variations.

Explanation:

Viruses have very different organism forms, since they do not have cells, but all have a capsule made of protein, where is the genetic material of these beings. This genetic material undergoes modifications, ie mutations, often leading to the emergence of varieties (subtypes) of the same virus, ie, these mutations create genetic variations. This makes it difficult to combat and compromises the effectiveness of various vaccines, which are prepared to combat specific types of microorganism. The ability to mutate genes is one of the characteristics that viruses have in common with living things.

Hello there!

The correct answer is option D

The answer: Cation

Have a nice day!

✿  An Atom that Loses an Electron is Called a Cation

Answer:

D. peat

Explanation:

Bogs are the areas that can considered as wetlands due to the presence of spongy, wet and peaty soil.

These bog areas can broadly be classified into three types:

1) typical bogs of cool regions:

Here bog mosses are abundant along with heaths  and Sphagnum specie.

2) fens:

Here grasses, reeds, sedges and grass like plants are frequently found.

3) tropical tree bogs:

Here almost all area is covered with peat and the dead remains of trees.

So overall we can say that almost every bog land accumulates peat but the amount can vary from one type of bog to another.

what is peat?

The word peat refers to the deposition of dead organic plant materials and they can also be majorly sphagnum moss or some other types of mosses.

Hope it helps!

A.  Diploid

During meiosis, the number of chromosomes is reduced by half.  Since a tetraploid cell has four copies of each chromosomes, gametes produced from that cell would be diploid, having only two copies of each chromosome.

Final answer:

Viable gametes produced by a tetraploid individual with nondisjunction of all chromosomes in meiosis I would be diploid, containing two sets of chromosomes. The correct answer is c. Haploid.

Explanation:

The ploidy of the viable gametes produced by a tetraploid individual if nondisjunction of all chromosomes occurred in meiosis I would be diploid. Nondisjunction during meiosis I results in gametes that contain two sets of chromosomes instead of the normal one set (haploid). In the case of a tetraploid organism, which has four sets of chromosomes (4n), nondisjunction would result in gametes with two sets of chromosomes (2n), hence, those gametes are diploid.

the answer is (  light energy. )

The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is ; ( A ) Light energy.

The primary producers in an ecosystem are mainly green plants and green algae because of their ability to trap sunlight and undergo photosynthesis with water and CO₂ present in the atmosphere.

The main source of energy for primary producers is the energy emanating from a light source ( light energy ) which they use to produce their food.

Hence we can conclude that The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is Light energy.

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