Hypertonia refers to abnormally increased muscle function or activity, often resulting from damage to upper motor neurons in the CNS. It contrasts with hypotonia, which denotes decreased muscle tone. Hypertonia often presents in conditions like Parkinson's disease and certain types of stroke.
Explanation:The term that refers to abnormally increased muscle function or activity is hypertonia. It is typically characterized by excessive muscle tone and often accompanied by hyperreflexia or excessive reflex responses. This type of increased muscle activity is often the result of damage to upper motor neurons in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Examples of conditions that might include hypertonia include Parkinson's disease and certain types of stroke, both of which can result in muscle rigidity or spastic changes in muscle tone.
While muscle activity is usually a sustained, smooth process called a graded muscle response, abnormalities like hypertonia disrupt this function. The nervous system usually modifies muscle contraction to produce different amounts of force, but in cases of hypertonia, this process can be impaired.
Contrastingly, hypotonia is the term used to describe decreased muscle tone, so one could almost think of hypertonia as the inverse of this state. In summary, hypertonia is an excessive, increased level of muscle activity, while hypotonia is an abnormally low level of the same.
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a person has a disorder that inhibits the production of thymosin. Which of the following would be a likely result ?
A natural immune-modulating peptide called thymosin Alpha 1 aids in both acute and chronic conditions. Disease, allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, infections, inflammation, and a preventative immune system boost are all treated with it. Thus, option A is correct.
What are the inhibits the production of thymosin results?The thymosin hormone promotes the growth of T lymphocytes. White blood cells called lymphocytes travel through the thymus during your youth, where they are converted into T cells.
A hormone called thymosin is released by the thymus. Its main job is to promote the development of T cells, which are vital for the immune system. Additionally, thymosin helps B cells transform into plasma cells, which make antibodies.
A 5-Da polypeptide hormone called thymosin is released by the thymus gland. Thymosin-1 promotes the maturation of T lymphocytes in the thymus from precursor T cells.
Therefore, a person has a disorder that inhibits the production of thymosin results in weakened immune system.
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He organ that produces bile salts that break down fats is the ____.
In the liver, bile salts are formed. Because of their low surface tension, this contributes to the emulsification of fats found in the intestine and their absorption from the GI tract. These are bile’s components. It is because of the bile salts which give bile the ability to emulsify, mix, lipid in the aqueous environment in the intestine. Bile is the one responsible for the efficient digestion of lipids. Bile is secreted in the gallbladder down to the small intestine. It then breaks dietary fats into smaller particles called emulsification in the small intestine. The bile’s function is in the completeness of the digestion and absorption of fat.
_____ systems have a membrane that separates the internal chemicals from the external chemical environment.
Why are most fertilizers rich in nitrogen and phosphorous
Many medications introduced into the bloodstream cannot directly affect the neurons of the cns because
On a hike along the desert slope of the sierra nevada mountains in california, you notice that there is an abundance of pinyon pine and juniper trees. we would identify these two plants as:
Why is positive feedback helpful in blood clotting but unsuitable for the regulation of body temperature?
Final answer:
In summary, positive feedback loops are employed in blood clotting to quickly escalate the response until clot formation is complete, which is necessary for stopping bleeding. On the other hand, negative feedback loops are essential for body temperature regulation, as they help maintain constant conditions by counteracting changes away from the body's set point.
Explanation:
Blood Clotting and Body Temperature Regulation
Blood clotting is a process maintained by a positive feedback loop, where the presence of clotting factors leads to the amplification of the clotting response, and thus more clotting factors are produced. This reaction continues until the clot is formed, which is necessary to stop bleeding. Positive feedback loops are beneficial here as they lead to the rapid escalation of the body's response until the endpoint - a stable clot - is reached.
However, body temperature regulation requires a negative feedback mechanism. When the core body temperature strays from the set point, homeostatic responses such as sweating or shivering are triggered to bring it back to normal. As opposed to the positive feedback loop, this negative loop ensures a stable body temperature by making adjustments that counteract the initial change, rather than amplifying it.
Given that positive feedback loops may push the system away from the set point and can be potentially harmful if not properly concluded, they are unsuitable for continuous processes like body temperature regulation that require constant fine-tuning to maintain stability.
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
Which element is not found in abundance in the atmosphere?
A. Carbon
B. Nitrogen
C. Phosphorous
Phosphorus is the element not found in abundance in the atmosphere, unlike carbon and nitrogen, which are part of the carbon cycle and naturally occur in the atmospheric gases.
Explanation:The element phosphorus is not found in abundance in the atmosphere. Unlike carbon, which is part of the carbon cycle and can be found in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, phosphorus does not have a gaseous phase under normal conditions on Earth. The phosphorus cycle is mainly based on the movement through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, rather than the atmosphere. Phosphorus is essential for life as it is a critical component of bones, teeth, and cellular structures, yet it is relatively rare in the Earth's crust and not readily available in the environment like carbon or nitrogen.
________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a person’s involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes.
Hiv, the virus that causes aids, was discovered in the early 1980s. because it is a relatively new virus, there are many myths and misunderstandings that surround this virus. false true
Answer:
true
Explanation:
What are the basic differences between milk cream and butter?
Cream has a lower fat content while butter has a higher fat content and undergoes additional processing steps.
Milk Cream vs. Butter:
Cream: Contains a fat content ranging between 10% and 18%, often sold as half and half, coffee cream, or table cream.Butter: Made from sweet creams with a fat content of 30% to 40%, undergoes a process where fat separates from buttermilk, gets washed and kneaded for consistency, with added color and salt.Differences: Cream has a lower fat content compared to butter, which has a higher fat content and undergoes additional processing steps.Which best describes a benefit of using DNA technology in medicine?
Jane is performing in experiment on plant growth she places it in direct sunlight waters it at the same time every day and always gives the plants the same amount of water what is the independent variable? The amount of water, time, the amount of sunlight, or plant growth
________ development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness.
Physical development involves the growth and changes in the body and brain, senses, motor skills, and health and wellness. Examples include improving coordination through exercise or the development of a child's senses as they grow.
Explanation:The development described in your question is known as Physical Development. This type of development pertains to the changes and growth that occur in a person's body and brain, encompassing motor skills, sensory abilities, and aspects of health and wellness. An example of physical development could be an individual improving their coordination through regular exercise, resulting in enhanced motor skills. Another example could be a child's senses developing as they grow, enabling them to see, hear, taste, smell, and touch more effectively.
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Any condition or factor that can be manipulated, controlled, or measured, is a _____
Any factor in an experiment that affects the results of the experiment is
When did Lamarck publish his ideas on evolution?
A) late 1700s
B) early 1700s
C) early 1800s
D) late 1800s
Pulmonary lobes are subdivided into bronchopulmonary segments that contain lobules, which are the functional units of the lung. which structure is directly involved in gas exchange during respiration?
Explain why increased ecosystem diversity contributes to increased biodiversity in the biosphere answer
______________ selection favors organisms that have character values at both extremes of the phenotypic distribution.
Which memory system has an unlimited capacity and can keep information for hours or decades?
Memory system has an unlimited capacity and can keep information for hours or decades is called long term memory. Long term memory is defined as a system in which information can be stored permanently, manage and retrieve for later use. Long term memory is divided into three main parts; these are procedural, sematic and episodic memory. Procedural memory is accountable for knowing how to do things, though it doesn’t now include conscious thoughts. While, sematic memory is responsible for the general knowledge that includes knowing about the word’s meaning. Lastly, the episodic memory in which it involves conscious thoughts thus it is responsible for storing information about the various happenings in human life.
Long-term memory is the memory system with unlimited capacity, capable of storing information for hours, years, or even decades. It's similar to a computer's storage system and goes through encoding, storage, and retrieval processes. Memory enters sensory memory first, then short-term memory, before finally being stored in long-term memory with enough rehearsal.
Explanation:The memory system that has an unlimited capacity and can keep information for hours or even decades is the long-term memory (LTM). LTM can be compared to a computer's storage system, serving as a place where information is permanently or semi-permanently stored. Memory has three basic functions: encoding, storing, and retrieving information.
The process of getting information into our memory system is called encoding. Storage is the retention of the encoded information, and retrieval is the act of getting information out of storage and into conscious awareness through recall, recognition, and relearning. Sensory, short-term, and long-term memory are the three distinct stages information must pass through for it to enter storage. This tripartite division of human memory and its comparison to a computer's processing system is laid out in Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory.
Information first enters our sensory memory for a period of less than a second to a few seconds. The information we pay attention to is then transferred into short-term memory. With regular rehearsal of this information, it moves into long-term memory for permanent storage. Overall, long-term memory has a practically limitless storage capacity and is divided into implicit and explicit memory.
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what is the involuntary movement of the muscles that move food through the digestive system.
Answer:
It is Peristalsis
Explanation:
I just did it
Diets extremely low in fat may be deficient in ________.
Through which means are healthcare workers in the US most frequently exposed to blood or bodily fluids? A. Exposure of broken or abraded skin B. Skin injuries with contaminated sharp instruments such as needles and scalpels C. Human bites D. Contact with mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth
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Which of the following best describes sperm production in the male human reproductive system?
A.One diploid cell, with 46 chromosomes, undergoes meiosis to form four haploid sperm cells, with 23 chromosomes each.
B. Four haploid cells, with 23 chromosomes each, undergo mitosis to form one haploid sperm cell, with 23 chromosomes.
C. One diploid cell, with 46 chromosomes, undergoes mitosis to form four diploid sperm cells, with 46 chromosomes each.
D.Four haploid cells, with 23 chromosomes each, undergo meiosis to form one diploid sperm cell, with 46 chromosomes.
Answer:
A.One diploid cell, with 46 chromosomes, undergoes meiosis to form four haploid sperm cells, with 23 chromosomes each.
Explanation:
The diploid primary spermatocytes (2n=46) undergo meiosis I and forms two haploid secondary spermatocytes (n=23). The secondary spermatocytes undergo meiosis II and form total four sperm cells (n=23). Since the sperm cells are product of meiosis, they are haploid and each sperm cell have 23 chromosomes.
The australopithecus lineage went extinct about:
___________ is defined as the process used to render a surface or product free from viable organisms, including bacterial spores.
Most of the middle layer in the heart wall is composed of
Emts are called for an unresponsive infant. when they arrive, they find the mother holding her child. she advises that the child became limp, blue, and stopped breathing. assessment reveals that the infant is conscious and crying, and has good muscle tone and pink skin color. the mother states that she will take her child to the doctor. the emts should: