The noble gases undergo very few chemical reactions. They are stable and unreactive due to their full valence electron shells.
Explanation:The noble gases d. undergo very few chemical reactions. The noble gases, such as helium, neon, and argon, are characterized by their high stability and low reactivity. They have full valence electron shells, which makes them unreactive and unlikely to form compounds with other elements. Because of their stable electron configurations, noble gases do not readily lose or gain electrons, meaning they do not undergo many chemical reactions.
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Noble gases are elements that are chemically very stable and undergo very few chemical reactions due to their complete outer electron shell. They do not easily give or accept electrons, thereby making them generally nonreactive. However, under extreme conditions, some noble gases like xenon can form compounds.
Explanation:The noble gases are elements in group 18 of the periodic table including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. They're named 'noble' due to their unique characteristics of being largely inert, or unreactive. Their outer electron shell is completely filled, which makes them high in ionization energy and resistant to forming compounds under normal conditions. This means that they do not readily give or accept electrons - hence they are chemically very stable, or in other words, they undergo very few chemical reactions.
However, there are a few exceptions to the rule. For example, under high pressure and temperature conditions, some noble gases like xenon can be forced to create compounds such as xenon hexafluoride (XeF6).
Despite their general chemical inactivity, noble gases have various practical applications. They are used in neon signs, as inert atmospheres in certain industrial processes, and as coolants due to their low boiling and melting points compared to other substances of similar atomic or molecular masses.
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Below are 4 Lewis Structures for CO2. Only ONE of them is correct. Identify the correct one, and explain why it is correct. For each of the three incorrect ones, explain why they are incorrect.
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
Carbon = 4
Oxygen = 6x 2
Total e- = 16 - 4 ( the number of initial single bonds)
Final number of available e- = 12
The total number of available electrons is 12 and is distributed to oxygen atoms having 6 e- each. To make C octet each oxygen atoms donates its pair of electrons to form another bond. So we have a double bond on each side making C octet and two O atoms.
All samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have the same proportions of their constituent elements. Which law does this refer to?
Answer:
Law of constant compositions
Explanation:
The law of constant composition is the law that guides this principle. It is one of the laws of chemical combinations. The others being law of multiple proportion, law of reciprocal proportion and law of conservation of matter.
What the law is trying to say regardless of where or when a particular substance is obtained, it contains exactly the same proportions and constituent of elements. This means its identity remains constant regardless
The statement refers to the Law of Definite Proportions or Proust's Law. This law states that a chemical compound always contains its component elements in fixed ratios and is not dependent on its source or method of preparation.
Explanation:The statement that all samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have the same proportions of their constituent elements, refers to the Law of Definite Proportions, also known as Proust's Law. Essentially, this law states that a chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass. For example, water (H2O) is always made up of two parts hydrogen to sixteen parts oxygen by mass, regardless of the source of the water.
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When the procedure calls for making a more dilute solution of an acid, or mixing an acid with other solutions, what is the correct order of steps?
Explanation:
Whenever we need to make a dilute solution of an acid then it is necessary to add water or non-acidic component into the acid first. This is because addition of water or non-acidic component directly into the acid could be highly exothermic in nature.
As a result, the acid can splutter and can cause burning of skin and other serious damage.
So, in order to avoid such type of damage the addition of water or non-acidic component into the acid actually helps to minimize the heat generated.
Thus, we can conclude that correct order of steps for making a more dilute solution of an acid is that either add all of the water or non-acid component first, or add a significant portion, before adding the acid to the mixture.
1. Summarize the rules for naming binary molecular compounds. 2. Define a binary molecular compound. 3. Describe the difference between a binary acid and an oxyacid. 4. Apply Using the system of rules for naming binary molecular compounds, describe how you would name the molecule N₂O₄. 5. Apply Write the molecular formula for each of these compounds: iodic acid, disulfur trioxide, dinitrogen monoxide, and hydrofluoric acid.
Answer:
Explanation:
Question 1.
1. Name in same order as formula.
2. Drop the last syllable (or two) of last element and add -ide.
3. Add prefixes to each element to show how many of each.
Question 2.
A binary molecular compound is a substance composed of exactly two different elements, that cannot be simplified further by chemical means. Examples of binary compounds include H2O, H2S, and NH3.
Question 3.
The Major difference between binary acids and oxyacids is that oxyacids contain at least one oxygen atom in the molecule and binary acids do not contain oxygen. Binary acids have hydrogen and another non-metal element in the molecule. Examples of oxyacids are H2SO4, HNO3 etc. Examples of binary acids are HCl, HBr etc.
Question 4.
Step 1 - Nitrogen Oxygen
Step 2 - Nitrogen Oxide
Step 3 - Dinitrogen Tetraoxide
Question 5.
Iodic Acid - HIO3
Disulphur Trioxide - S2O3
Dinitrogen Monoxide - N2O
HydroFluoric Acid - HF
1. Binary molecular compounds are named using the more metallic element followed by the more nonmetallic element with -ide as the suffix, with prefixes indicating the number of atoms of each element.
2. A binary molecular compound is a compound consisting of two nonmetallic elements.
3. A binary acid contains hydrogen and one other element, while an oxyacid contains hydrogen, oxygen, and one other element.
4. The molecule N₂O₄ is named dinitrogen tetroxide using the system of rules for naming binary molecular compounds.
5. The molecular formula for each compound is: iodic acid (HIO₃), disulfur trioxide (S₂O₆), dinitrogen monoxide (N₂O), hydrofluoric acid (HF).
Binary molecular compounds are named using a naming method similar to that used for ionic compounds. The name of the more metallic element is written first, followed by the name of the more nonmetallic element with its ending changed to -ide. Prefixes are used to specify the numbers of atoms of each element in the molecule.
A binary molecular compound is a compound that consists of two nonmetallic elements bonded together.
A binary acid is an acid that contains hydrogen and one other element. An oxyacid is an acid that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and one other element. The names of binary acids are formed by using the prefix hydro- and changing the -ide suffix to -ic, while the names of oxyacids are formed by changing the ending of the anion (-ate to -ic and -ite to -ous), and adding "acid".
To name the molecule N₂O₄, we first identify the more metallic element, which is nitrogen. The more nonmetallic element is oxygen. Since the molecule contains two nitrogen atoms and four oxygen atoms, we use the prefix di- for nitrogen and tetra- for oxygen. Therefore, the name of the molecule is dinitrogen tetroxide.
- Iodic acid: HIO₃
- Disulfur trioxide: S₂O₆
- Dinitrogen monoxide: N₂O
- Hydrofluoric acid: HF
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An example of an element is ____. a) chicken noodle soup b) powerade c) air inside a balloon d) lead pipe e) baking soda (NaHCO3)
Answer:
d) lead pipe
Explanation:
An element -
It is a substance , which have exactly same atoms , is referred to as an element.
Element is the most simplest form of any substance and hence , can not be further broken down into simpler form by any chemical reaction.
All the elements known are all placed in a synchronized manner in the periodic table.
Hence, from the question,
Lead pipe is an example of an element , as it is composed only one lead elements , rest other like , baking soda , air , noodle soap , all are the that are mainly composed of the mixture of many atoms.
Final answer:
The correct answer is a lead pipe because lead is an element found on the periodic table, distinguishing it from mixtures and compounds such as chicken noodle soup, Powerade, air, and baking soda. (Option d)
Explanation:
The question "An example of an element is ____." seeks to identify a substance that cannot be broken down into chemically simpler components. Among the given choices, lead pipe is the correct answer. This is because lead, represented by the symbol Pb, is a basic chemical element found on the periodic table. In contrast, chicken noodle soup, Powerade, the air inside a balloon, and baking soda ([tex]NaHCO_3[/tex]) are not elements. Chicken noodle soup and Powerade are considered mixtures, the air inside a balloon is a mixture of different gases, and baking soda is a compound consisting of sodium, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen.
Can anyone help with 5 through 8? Please :(
Answer:
The answer to your question is below
Explanation:
5) Fe₂O₃(s) + 3H₂O ⇒ 2Fe(OH)₃ (ac) Synthesis reaction
6) 2C₄H₁₀(g) + 13O₂(g) ⇒ 8CO₂ (g) + 10H₂O Combustion reaction
7) 2NO₂ (g) ⇒ 2O₂ (g) + N₂ (g) Decomposition reaction
8) H₃P (g) + 2O₂ (g) ⇒ PO (g) + 3H₂O Single replacement reaction
Given the reaction: 2 Na(s) + Cl 2(g) → 2 NaCl(s) The conversion factor for chlorine gas to sodium chloride is: 1 mol Cl 2 ≡ 2 mol NaCl. True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
From the equation of reaction, one mole of chlorine gas molecule was consumed to produce two moles of sodium chloride
Answer: True
Explanation: The mole to mole ration is for 1 mole of Cl2 to produces 2 moles of NaCl. So the stoichiometric ratio is 1 is to 2.
A cable raises a mass of 158.0 kg with an acceleration of 1.8 m/s2. What force (in N) of tension is in the cable?
Answer:
Force of Tension = 1832.8 N
Explanation:
Any mass of object supported or pulled by a rope or cable is subject to a force of tension. Since the mass is raised by a cable, tension is involved.
Mathematically,
Tension = mass × gravity(9.8 m/s²)
Tension can be represented as
T = (m × g) + (m × a)
Where g is the acceleration due to gravity of the object the cable is supporting and a is the acceleration on the object the cable is supporting. And m is the mass of the object.
mass = 158 kg
a = 1.8 m/s²
g = 9.8 m/s²
T = mg + ma
T = m(g + a)
T = 158(9.8 + 1.8)
T = 158 × 11.6
T = 1832.8 N
If 4.05 g of KNO₃ reacts with sufficient sulfur (S₈) and carbon (C), how much P-V work will the gases do against an external pressure of 1.00 atm given the densities of nitrogen and carbon dioxide are 1.165 g/L and 1.830 g/L, respectively, at 20°C?
Explanation:
Chemical reaction equation for the given reaction is as follows.
[tex]2KNO_{3}(s) + \frac{1}{8}S_{8}(s) + 3C(s) \rightarrow K_{2}S(s) + N_{2}(g) 3CO_{2}(g)[/tex]
Therefore, we will calculate the number of moles of [tex]KNO_{3}[/tex] as follows.
No. of moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{\text{molar mass}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{4.05 g}{101.1 g/mol}[/tex]
= 0.04 mol
Number of moles of nitrogen gas formed is calculated as follows.
No. of moles = [tex]\frac{1}{2} \times \text{no. of moles of KNO_{3}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{1}{2} \times 0.04 mol[/tex]
= 0.02 mol
Mass of [tex]N_{2}[/tex] gas formed will be calculated as follows.
No. of moles × Molar mass of [tex]N_{2}[/tex]
= [tex]0.02 mol \times 28.0 g/mol[/tex]
= 0.56 g
Now, the number of moles of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] formed is as follows.
= [tex]\frac{3}{2} \times 0.04[/tex]
= 0.06 mol
Hence, mass of [tex]CO_{2}(g)[/tex] formed will be as follows.
[tex]0.04 mol \times 44 g/mol[/tex]
= 1.76 g
Volume of [tex]N_{2}(g)[/tex] is calculated as follows.
Volume = [tex]\frac{mass}{density}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{0.56 g}{1.165 g/L}[/tex]
= 0.48 L
And, volume of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] is calculated as follows.
Volume = [tex]\frac{mass}{density}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{1.76 g}{1.830 g/L}[/tex]
= 0.96 L
Let us assume that the volume of solids are negligible. Therefore, total volume will be as follows.
[tex]\Delta V[/tex] = (0.48 L + 0.96 L)
= 1.44 L
Relation between work, pressure and volume is as follows.
w = -[tex]P_{ext} \times \Delta V[/tex]
= -[tex]1.00 atm \times 1.44 L[/tex]
= -1.44 atm L
As 1 tm L = 101.3 J. So, convert 1.44 atm L into joules as follows.
[tex]1.44 \times 101.3 J[/tex]
= 145.87 J
Thus, we can conclude that the given gases will do 145.87 J of work.
Write an equation for the reaction of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and calcium hydroxide. What is the coefficient of calcium hydroxide in this equation?
Answer:
The answer to your question is " 3 "
Explanation:
Equation = ?
Phosphoric acid = H₃PO₄
Calcium hydroxide = Ca(OH)₂
This is an acid base reaction because there is an exchange of hydrogens.
Reaction
H₃PO₄ + Ca(OH)₂ ⇒ Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + H₂O
Balance
Reactants Elements Products
1 P 2
1 Ca 3
5 H 2
6 O 9
The reaction is unbalanced
2H₃PO₄ + 3Ca(OH)₂ ⇒ Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 6H₂O
Balance
Reactants Elements Products
2 P 2
3 Ca 3
12 H 6
14 O 14
Now, the reaction is balanced, the coefficient of Calcium hydroxide is 3
How many atoms are in 1.00 moles of He
Answer:
1.00 mole of He have [tex]6,02x10^{23}[/tex] atoms.
Explanation:
To solve this exercise it is important to know the definition of Avogadro's number
Avogadro's number is the proportional factor that relates the molar mass of a substance to the number of elementary units (atoms, molecules, particles, ions, electrons) that constitute it and its magnitude is equal to 6.022 140 857 × 10²³
One mole of helium we have [tex]6,02x10^{23}[/tex] atoms.
One mole of helium (He) contains 6.02 × 10^23 atoms, as this is Avogadro's number, which defines the number of entities per mole of a substance.
Explanation:The student is asking how many atoms are in 1.00 moles of helium (He). To answer this question, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.02 × 1023 atoms/mole. Since one mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of atoms, molecules, or ions, we can easily calculate the number of atoms in one mole of helium.
Therefore, 1.00 mole of He contains 6.02 × 1023 atoms of He. This is a direct conversion using the definition of a mole.
A 547-mLmL sample of unknown HCl HCl solution reacts completely with Na2CO3Na2CO3 to form 17.1 gg CO2CO2. What was the concentration of the HClHCl solution?
Answer:
the required concentration is 1.52 M
2 HCl + Na2CO3 -----> CO2 + H2O + NaCl
2 moles HCl reacts to form 1 mole of CO2 .
no. of moles of CO2 = 20.1/ 44.1 = 0.455
no. of moles of HCl = 0.455* 2 = 0.911 mole (molar ratio =2 from equation)
con. of HCl =no. of moles/volume in liter
=0.911/ 0.597 = 1.52 M
Final answer:
To find the concentration of an HCl solution from the mass of CO₂ produced in a reaction, we first calculate the moles of CO₂ and then use the molar ratio between HCl and CO₂ to find the moles of HCl. Finally, we find the concentration by dividing the moles of HCl by the volume of the solution in liters, resulting in a concentration of 0.7102 M for the HCl solution.
Explanation:
To determine the concentration of the HCl solution, we must first calculate the number of moles of CO₂ produced from the given mass. CO₂ has a molar mass of 44.01 g/mol, so the number of moles of CO₂ can be calculated as follows:
Number of moles of CO₂ = 17.1 g CO2 ÷ 44.01 g/mol = 0.3885 mol CO₂
According to the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HCl and Na₂CO₃:
HCl(aq) + Na₂CO₃(aq) → H₂O(l) + CO₂(g) + 2NaCl(aq)
We can see there is a 1:1 molar ratio between HCl and CO₂. This means the number of moles of HCl is also 0.3885 mol. Now we can calculate the concentration of HCl in the 547 mL solution by using the number of moles and the volume in liters (0.547 L):
Concentration of HCl = Moles of HCl ÷ Volume of solution in liters
Concentration of HCl = 0.3885 mol ÷ 0.547 L = 0.7102 M
Therefore, the concentration of the HCl solution is 0.7102 M.
If 7.400 g C 6 H 6 is burned and the heat produced from the burning is added to 5691 g of water at 21 ∘ C, what is the final temperature of the water?
The question is incomplete, the complete question is
The following equation is the balanced combustion reaction for C6H6
[tex]2C_6H_6(l)+15O_2(g) \rightarrow 12CO_2(g)+6H_2O(l)+6542 kJ[/tex]
If 7.400 g of [tex]C_6H_6[/tex] is burned and the heat produced from the burning is added to 5691 g of water at 21°C. What is the final temperature of the water?
Answer:
34.45°C is the final temperature of the water.
Explanation:
Moles of benzene = [tex]\frac{7.400 g}{78 g/mol}=0.09487 mol[/tex]
According to reaction, 2 moles of benzene on combustion gives 6542 kJ of heat. Then 0.09487 moles of benzene will give:
[tex]\frac{1}{2}\times 6542 kJ\times 0.09487 mol=310.325 kJ[/tex]
Heat added to water = Q = 310.325 kJ = 310,325 J
(1 kJ = 1000 J)
Specific heat of water = C = [tex]4.18 J/g^oC[/tex]
Mass of the water = m = 5691 g
Initial temperature of the water =[tex]T_1[/tex] = 21°C
Final temperature of the water =[tex]T_2[/tex] =?
Change in temperature of the substance =ΔT =[tex]T_2-T_1[/tex]
[tex]Q=mc\times \Delta (T_2-T_1)[/tex]
[tex]310,325 J=5691 g\times 4.18 J/g^oC\times (T_2-21^oC)[/tex]
[tex]T_2=34.45^oC[/tex]
34.45°C is the final temperature of the water.
Answer:
The final temperature of the water is 34.0 °C
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Mass of C6H6 burned = 7.400 grams
Mass of water = 5691 grams
Temperature of water = 21 °C
Specific heat of water = 4.184 K/g°C
2C6H6+15O2→12CO2+6H20+6542KJ
Heat released with combustion of C6H6 = 6542KJ
Step 2: Calculate moles of C6H6
Moles C6H6 = mass C6H6 / molar mass C6H6
Moles C6H6 = 7.400 grams / 78.11 g/mol
Moles C6H6 = 0.09474
Step 3: Calculate heat transfered
Q = 0.09474 moles * 6542 kJ/2 mol = 309.89 kJ
Step 3: Calculate finam temperature
Q = m * c * ΔT
⇒ with Q = the heat transfered =309.9 kJ = 309890 J
⇒ with m = the mass of water = 5691 grams
⇒ with c = the specific heat of water = 4.184 J/g°C
⇒ with ΔT = The change in temperature
ΔT = Q /(m*c)
ΔT = 309890 / ( 5691 * 4.184)
ΔT =13.0 °C
Step 4: Calculate the final temperature
T2 = T1 + ΔT
T2 = 13.0 + 21.0°C
T2 = 34.0 °C
The final temperature of the water is 34.0 °C
Carbon, pictured here, is considered versatile when it comes to bonding with other atoms and making important compounds. Which feature of carbon most contributes to this versatility?
Answer:
Catenation
Explanation:
Catenation is one the most important bonding characteristics of carbon. It is the ability of carbon atoms to join with themselves to form chains of different chain length.
This is the principal reason why there are a lot of organic compounds. The chain forming capability of carbon, otherwise known as catenation is responsible for this
The versatility of carbon in bonding with other atoms and forming important compounds is primarily attributed to its tetravalent nature, stable covalent bonds with other carbon atoms, and the formation of double and triple bonds.
Explanation:The most significant feature of carbon that contributes to its versatility in bonding with other atoms and forming important compounds is its tetravalent nature. Carbon has four valence electrons in its outermost energy level, allowing it to form up to four covalent bonds with other atoms. This ability to form multiple bonds makes carbon the building block of a wide variety of organic molecules.
Another important feature of carbon is its ability to form stable covalent bonds with other carbon atoms, resulting in the formation of long chains, branched structures, and rings. This property gives rise to the diversity and complexity of organic compounds found in nature.
Furthermore, carbon is capable of forming double and triple bonds with other atoms, such as oxygen and nitrogen. These multiple bonds contribute to the unique properties and reactivity of specific carbon compounds, such as aldehydes, ketones, and aromatic compounds.
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Hydrogen, a potential future fuel, can be produced from carbon (from coal) and steam by the following reaction: C(s)+2H2O(g)→2H2(g)+CO2(g) Note that the average bond energy for the breaking of a bond in CO2 is 799 kJ/mol.
The question is incomplete , complete question is:
Hydrogen, a potential future fuel, can be produced from carbon (from coal) and steam by the following reaction:
[tex]C(s)+ 2 H_2O(g)\rightarrow 2H_2(g)+CO_2(g).\Delta H=?[/tex]
Note that the average bond energy for the breaking of a bond in CO2 is 799 kJ/mol. Use average bond energies to calculate ΔH of reaction for this reaction.
Answer:
The ΔH of the reaction is -626 kJ/mol.
Explanation:
[tex]C(s)+ 2 H_2O(g)\rightarrow 2H_2(g)+CO_2(g).\Delta H=?[/tex]
We are given with:
[tex]\Delta H_{H-O}=459 kJ/mol[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_{H-H}=432 kJ/mol[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_{C=O}=799 kJ/mol[/tex]
ΔH = (Energies required to break bonds on reactant side) - (Energies released on formation of bonds on product side)
[tex]\Delta H=(4\times \Delta H_{O-H})-(2\times \Delta H_{H-H}+2\times\Delta H_{C=O})[/tex]
[tex]=(4\times 459 kJ/mol)-(2\times 432 kJ/mol+2\times 799 kJ/mol[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H=-626 kJ/mol[/tex]
The ΔH of the reaction is -626 kJ/mol.
The enthalpy for the formation of carbon dioxide has been -626 kJ/mol.
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H has been the energy required for the breaking of the bonds in the dissociation reaction, and the energy for the formation of bond.
Given, [tex]\Delta[/tex]H H-O bond = 459 kJ/mol
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H for H-H bond = 432 kJ/mol
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H for C=O bond = 799 kJ/mol
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H = Energy for breaking bond - energy for bond formation
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H = (4 times H-O bond) - (2 time H-H bond + 2 times C=O bond formation)
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H = (4 [tex]\times[/tex] 459 kJ/mol) - (2 [tex]\times[/tex] 432 kJ/mol + 2 [tex]\times[/tex] 799 kJ/mol)
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H = 1,836 - (1,598 + 864) kJ/mol
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H = 1,836 - 2,462 kJ/mol
[tex]\Delta[/tex]H = -626 kJ/mol
The enthalpy for the formation of carbon dioxide has been -626 kJ/mol.
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Chlorine has two isotopes, 35Cl and 37Cl; 75.77 % of chlorine is 35Cl and 24.23 % is 37Cl. The atomic mass of 35Cl is 34.969 amu and the atomic mass of 37Cl is 36.966 amu . What is the atomic weight of chlorine?
Answer:
35.4528731 amu
Explanation:
To appropriately get the atomic mass unit of chlorine, we can get the answer using the masses from the isotopes. This can be obtained as follows. What we do is that we multiply the percentage compositions by the masses.
Now let’s do this.
[75.77/100 * 34.969] + [24.23/100 * 36.966]
= 26.4960113 + 8.9568618 = 35.4528731
Answer: the atomic weight of chlorine is 35.5
Explanation:Please see attachment for explanation
In addition to specific heat capacity and density, could yo use another physical property such as color to determine the identity of a metal?
Answer:
The answer to your question is below
Explanation:
Melting point is the temperature at which solid changes into liquid.
Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas.
Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow.
Solubility is a property of a solid to dissolve in a liquid.
Conductivity is a measure of the ease at which an electric charge flows through a material.
Iron has a work function (Φ) of 4.50 eV. What is the longest wavelength of light that will cause the ejection of electrons? (1 eV=1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ J)
Answer: 2.75×10^-7m
Explanation:
The work function refers to the smallest energy a photon must posses in order to cause the ejection of electrons from a metal surface.
If Eo= hfo
Eo=work function of the metal
fo=threshold frequency
h= Plank's constant
But Eo= hf= hc/wavelength
Wavelength= hc/Eo
We convert Eo to joules
4.50×1.6×10^-19=7.2×10^-19J
c=3×10^8ms-1
h=6.6×10^-34Js
Wavelength= 3×10^8×6.6×10^-34/7.2×10^-19
2.75×10^-7m
The longest wavelength of light ejecting electrons from iron can be computed using Planck's equation, where the energy of the photon is sufficient to overcome the work function of the metal. Given the work function of iron, insert appropriate constants and solve for the wavelength.
Explanation:The calculation of the wavelength associated with the ejection of electrons involves the use of the photoelectric effect equation. The photoelectric effect equation states that the energy of a photon (E) is equal to the work function of the metal (φ), plus the kinetic energy of the ejected electron.
In this case, where kinetic energy is not considered, the energy of the incoming photon must be sufficient to overcome the work function φ. The energy of a photon (E), can be calculated using Planck's equation, E=hc/λ, where 'h' is Planck's constant, 'c' is the speed of light, and 'λ' is the wavelength of the light. In this specific problem, 'E' is equal to the work function φ of iron, which is 4.50eV (or 4.50 x 1.6 x 10^-19 Joules).
Substituting the values of 'E', 'h', and 'c' into Planck's equation, and solving for 'λ', you'll be able to compute for the longest wavelength of light capable of ejecting electrons from an iron surface.
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Dry ice sublimes into carbon dioxide gas. If the proper conditions are maintained and the system is closed, the dry ice and the carbon dioxide gas will eventually.
Dry ice sublimes into carbon dioxide gas. If the proper conditions are maintained and the system is closed, the dry ice and the carbon dioxide gas will eventually.
1 )become the same phase
2) reach equilibrium
3)same properties and composition throughout
4) both become same phase and reach equilibrium
Answer:
Under the the proper conditions maintained over the closed system , the dry ice and the carbon dioxide gas will eventually reach equilibrium.
Explanation:
The reactions which do not go on completion and in which the reactant forms product and the products goes back to the reactants simultaneously are known as equilibrium reactions.
Equilibrium state is the state when reactants and products are present but the concentrations does not change with time.
For a chemical equilibrium reaction, equilibrium state is achieved when the rate of forward reaction becomes equals to rate of the backward reaction.
Under the the proper conditions maintained over the closed system , the dry ice and the carbon dioxide gas will eventually reach equilibrium.
[tex]CO_2(s)\rightleftharpoons CO_2(g)[/tex]
Amount of carbon dioxide changing from solid to gas will be equal to amount of carbon dioxide changing from gas to solid.
The sculpted pinnacles in Bryce Canyon National Park are the result of _____. A. differential weathering B. frost wedging C. exfoliation D. unloading
Answer:
B. frost wedging Hope i helped!
Explanation:
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The complete combustion (reaction with oxygen) of liquid octane (C8H18) a component typical of the hydrocarbons in gasoline, produces carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. What is the coefficient of octane in the balanced equation for the reaction? (Balance the equation with the smallest possible whole number coefficients.) A.2 B.15 C.4 D3 E. 24 F. 20 G. 25
Answer:
The answer to your question is letter A. 2
Explanation:
Data
Octane = C₈H₁₈
Oxygen = O₂
Carbon dioxide = CO₂
Water = H₂O
Reaction
C₈H₁₈ + O₂ ⇒ CO₂ + H₂O
Reactants Elements Products
8 C 1
18 H 2
2 O 3
This reaction is unbalanced
C₈H₁₈ + 25/2O₂ ⇒ 8CO₂ + 9H₂O
Reactants Elements Products
8 C 8
18 H 18
25 O 25
Multiply the reaction by 2
2C₈H₁₈ + 25O₂ ⇒ 16CO₂ + 18H₂O
Reactants Elements Products
16 C 16
36 H 36
50 O 50
Now, the reaction is balanced
The flame in a torch used to cut metal is produced by burning acetylene (C2H2) in pure oxygen. Assuming the combustion of 1 mole of acetylene releases 1251 kJ of heat, what mass of acetylene is needed to cut through a piece of steel if the process requires 20.7 × 104 kJ of heat?
Answer:
We need 4.31 kg of acetylene
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Combustion of 1 mol acetylene releases 1251 kJ of heat
Molar mass of acetylene = 26.04 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate moles of acetylene
1251kJ /mol * x moles = 20.7 * 10^4 kJ
x moles = 20.7 * 10^4 kJ / 1251 kJ/mol
x moles = 165.47 moles
Step 3: Calculate mass of acetylene
Mass acetylene = moles acetylene * molar mass acetylene
Mass acetylene = 165.47 moles * 26.04 g/mol
Mass acetylene = 4308.8 grams = 4.31 kg of acetylene
We need 4.31 kg of acetylene
The mass of acetylene needed is 4290 g of acetylene.
We can see that 1 mole of acetylene produces 1251 kJ of heat, so we can obtain the number of moles of acetylene required from stoichiometry as follows;
1 mole of acetylene produces 1251 kJ of heat
x moles of acetylene produces 20.7 × 10^4 kJ of heat
x = 1 mole × 20.7 × 10^4 kJ / 1251 kJ
x = 165 moles
Now;
Molar mass of acetylene = 26 g/mol
Mass of acetylene = 165 moles × 26 g/mol
= 4290 g of acetylene
Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/13155407
Will the pH at the equivalence point of the 50 mL titration of 0.10 M HCl be the same, more, or less than the pH at the equivalence point of the 50 mL titration of 0.10 M acetic acid?
It will be less
Explanation:When equivalence point is achieved the acid or base is completely neutralized, but its salt (conjugate acid or base) can alter the pH of the solution. In the comparison of two different acidic or basic species, their conjugate is evaluated. If the base dissociation coefficient (Kb) of one conjugate base is greater than other, then the pH change due to it will be more basic.
The neutralization of HCl can be given as
HCl + OH⁻ -------------- > H₂O + Cl⁻
Here Cl⁻ is the remaining ion at the equivalence point, and it is the conjugate base of HCl. It has a Kb value of 1.0 X 10⁻²⁰ (that is why it is not considered basic).
The neutralization of acetic acid is given as
CH₃COOH + OH⁻ -------------- > H₂O + CH₃COO⁻
Here CH₃COO⁻ is the remaining ion at the equivalence point, and it is the conjugate base of acetic acid. Its Kb value is 5.6 X 10⁻¹⁰, which is higher than the Kb value of Cl⁻. As the amount of HCl and acetic acid is the same, so the solution containing chloride ions will have a lower pH than the solution containing acetate ions.
The pH at the equivalence point of the 50 mL titration of 0.10 M HCl will be less than the pH at the equivalence point of the 50 mL titration of 0.10 M acetic acid.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid, which means it dissociates completely in water to form [tex]H_3O+[/tex] ions and Cl- ions. At the equivalence point of the titration of HCl with NaOH, all the [tex]H_3O+[/tex] ions from HCl have been neutralized by OH- ions from NaOH, resulting in a solution of its conjugate base, Cl-.
Therefore, the pH at the equivalence point is determined by the autoionization of water, which gives a pH of 7.0 at 25°C.
On the other hand, acetic acid [tex](CH_3COOH)[/tex] is a weak acid. It does not dissociate completely in water, and at the equivalence point of its titration with NaOH, the solution contains the conjugate base of acetic acid, the acetate ion [tex](CH_3COO-)[/tex].
The acetate ion is a moderately strong base, and it can react with water to form OH- ions, which increases the pH of the solution above 7.0. Therefore, the pH at the equivalence point of the titration of acetic acid is basic, typically around 8.7 for a 0.10 M acetic acid solution.
The acid-dissociation constant, Ka, for benzoic acid is 6.5 × 10-5. Which will you use to calculate the base-dissociation constant, Kb, for the conjugate base of benzoic acid?
Answer:
The base-dissociation constant, Kb,for the conjugate base of benzoic acid is :
[tex]K_{b}=1.54\times 10^{-10}}[/tex]
Explanation:
The product of acid dissociation constant and base dissociation constant is equal to the water dissociation constant.The general formula for the reaction is:
[tex]K_{w}=K_{a}K_{b}[/tex]
For the acid dissociation reaction:
[tex]HA + H_{2}O\rightleftharpoons H^{+}+A^{-}[/tex]
The conjugate base for the acid is A-
The acid is HA . and its Ka is given.
The value of Kw is fixed at a given temperature , which is equal to:
[tex]K_{w}=10^{-14}[/tex]
[tex]K_{a}=6.5\times 10^{-5}[/tex]
[tex]K_{b}=\frac{10^{-14}}{6.5\times 10^{-5}}[/tex]
[tex]K_{b}=1.54\times 10^{-10}}[/tex]
Answer:
Ka*kb=kw
Explanation:Got it right
Which of the following would NOT be a conversion factor for mole to mole calculations for the following reaction: 2Al 3Cl2 --> 2AlCl3?
Answer:the mole ratio gives 2:3
Explanation:
From the reaction we can see that Al has 2 moles reacting with Clothes with 3 mole which gives a product of 2 moles Aluminium chloride.
If an 900.0 g sample of radium-226 decays to 225.0 g of radium-226 remaining in 3,200 years, what is the half-life of radium-226? (3 points)
Answer:
1600 yr
Explanation:
The half-life of radium-226 is the time it takes for half of it to decay.
After one half-life, half of the original amount will remain.
After a second half-life, half of that amount will remain, and so on.
We can construct a table as follows:
[tex]\begin{array}{cccc}\textbf{No. of} &\textbf{Fraction} &\textbf{Mass}\\ \textbf{Half-lives} & \textbf{Remaining}&\textbf{Remaining/g}\\0 & 1 &900.0\\\\1 & \dfrac{1}{2} &450.0\\\\2 & \dfrac{1}{4} & 225.0\\\\3 & \dfrac{1}{8} & 112.5\\\\\end{array}[/tex]
We see that the mass will drop to 225.0 g after two half-lives.
The mass dropped to 225.0 g in 3200 yr.
If 3200 yr = 2 half lives,
1 half-life = 1600 yr
The decay curve for your sample is shown below. The mass has dropped to half its original value (450 g) after 1600 yr and to one -fourth (225.0 g) after 3200 yr.
A 0.10 M aqueous solution of sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, is a better conductor of electricity than a 0.10 M aqueous solution of sodium chloride, NaCl. Which of the following best explains this observation?
A) NazSO4 is more soluble in water than NaCl is.
B) NazSO4 has a higher molar mass than NaCl has.
C) To prepare a given volume of 0.10 M solution, the mass of NazSO4 needed.
D) More moles of ions are present in a given volume of 0.10 M NazSO4 than in the same volume of 0.10 M NaCl.
E) The degree of dissociation of NazSO4 in solution is significantly greater than that of NaCl.
Answer: D) More moles of ions are present in a given volume of 0.10 M [tex]Na_2SO_4[/tex] than in the same volume of 0.10 M NaCl.
Explanation:
A electrolyte is a solution that dissociates completely when dissolved in water. The ions act as good conductors of electric current in the solution.
More is the number of ions , more will be the conductance and hence the solution will be a better conductor of electricity.
0.10 M aqueous solution of [tex]Na_2SO_4[/tex] is a better conductor of electricity as it dissociates to give three ions whereas 0.10 M aqueous solution of [tex]NaCl[/tex] dissociates to give two ions only.
[tex]Na_2SO_4\rightarrow 2Na^++SO_4^{2-}[/tex]
[tex]NaCl\rightarrow Na^++Cl^{-}[/tex]
Thus 0.10 M aqueous solution of sodium sulfate, [tex]Na_2SO_4[/tex] , is a better conductor of electricity as more moles of ions are present in a given volume of 0.10 M [tex]Na_2SO_4[/tex] than in the same volume of 0.10 M [tex]NaCl[/tex]
Provide the most likely dominant bonding mechanism in the following solid compounds:a.CaO b. InAs c. Al2O3 d.Bronze
Answer:
CaO- ionic
InAs-covalent
Al2O3-ionic
Bronze- metallic
Explanation:
CaO and Al2O3 are mostly ionic even though the posses a little covalent character but ionic bonding is the main bonding scheme. Bronze is an alloy of two metals hence it contains a metallic bond. InAs has an electro negativity difference of 0.4 between the atoms so it is a polar covalent bond.
Using this information together with the standard enthalpies of formation of O2(g), CO2(g), and H2O(l) from Appendix C, calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of acetone.
The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:
Using this information together with the standard enthalpies of formation of [tex]O_2(g)[/tex], [tex]CO_2(g)[/tex], and [tex]H_2O(l)[/tex] from Appendix C. Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of acetone.
Complete combustion of 1 mol of acetone [tex](C_3H_6O)[/tex] liberates 1790 kJ:
[tex]C_3H_6O(l)+4O_2(g)\rightarrow 3CO_2(g)+3H_2O(l);\Delta H^o=-1790kJ[/tex]
Answer: The enthalpy of the formation of [tex]CO_2(g)[/tex] is coming out to be -247.9 kJ/mol
Explanation:
Enthalpy change is defined as the difference in enthalpies of all the product and the reactants each multiplied with their respective number of moles. It is represented as [tex]\Delta H^o[/tex]
The equation used to calculate enthalpy change is of a reaction is:
[tex]\Delta H^o_{rxn}=\sum [n\times \Delta H^o_f_{(product)}]-\sum [n\times \Delta H^o_f_{(reactant)}][/tex]
For the given chemical reaction:
[tex]C_3H_6O(l)+4O_2(g)\rightarrow 3CO_2(g)+3H_2O(l)[/tex]
The equation for the enthalpy change of the above reaction is:
[tex]\Delta H^o_{rxn}=[(3\times \Delta H^o_f_{(CO_2(g))})+(3\times \Delta H^o_f_{(H_2O(l))})]-[(1\times \Delta H^o_f_{(C_3H_6O(l))})+(4\times \Delta H^o_f_{(O_2(g))})][/tex]
We are given:
[tex]\Delta H^o_f_{(H_2O(l))}=-285.8kJ/mol\\\Delta H^o_f_{(O_2(g))}=0kJ/mol\\\Delta H^o_f_{(CO_2(g))}=-393.5kJ/mol\\\Delta H^o_{rxn}=-1790kJ[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]-1790=[(3\times {(-393.5)})+(3\times (-285.8))]-[(1\times \Delta H^o_f_{(C_3H_6O(g))})+(4\times (0))]\\\\\Delta H^o_f_{(C_3H_6O(g))}=-247.9kJ/mol[/tex]
Hence, the enthalpy of the formation of [tex]C_3H_6O(g)[/tex] is coming out to be -247.9 kJ/mol.
The atomic number of calcium (Ca) is 20, and it's mass number is 40. What is true about the subatomic particles that make up a neutral atom of calcium?
A) It has 20 protons, 20 neutrons and 20 electrons.
B) the total number of subatomic particles in Ca is 40.
C) The number of electrons cannot be determined from the information given.
Answer: A. It has 20 protons, 20 neutrons and 20 electrons
Explanation: The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons inside the nucleus. In a neutral atom the number of electrons and protons are equal.
The number of neutrons can be determined by this formula
Atomic Mass - Atomic Number = n
40 - 20 = 20 neutrons
Protons = 20
Electrons = 20
Neutrons = 20