The high speed of stars near the Milky Way's central black hole suggests that it has a large mass, specifically around 4 million solar masses, which significantly affects their orbital velocity and the dynamics of the galaxy.
Explanation:Given the high speed of stars near the black hole at the center of the Milky Way, we can infer that the black hole has a very large mass. The mass of the black hole has been estimated at about 4 million solar masses, based on the orbital dynamics of nearby stars. These stars move at significant velocities, which is a direct consequence of the black hole's gravitational force. According to the observations from radio telescopes and the application of Kepler's third law, all of this mass is confined within a region smaller than the orbit of Mercury, which signifies that the black hole is both incredibly dense and massive.
This concentration of mass creates a gravitational pull that influences the stars and other matter in its vicinity, leading to high orbital speeds. Such a supermassive black hole holds galaxies like our Milky Way together and plays a fundamental role in their dynamics. In this case, we can conclude that the correct answer is B. Its size, meaning the mass of the black hole, since 'size' in this context refers to mass rather than physical dimensions like volume or diameter.
Difference between Flora and Fauna.
Answer:
Explanation:Flora includes all organisms that may synthesize its food itself and are often immobile, they mainly comprise of all plants, trees, shrubs while fauna are categorised to be organisms that have to acquire meals and and are usually mobile and feed on other living organisms themselves.
Answer: Flora refers to vegetation (plants, fungi, algae) in a particular area, but Fauna refers to the animals living in a particular area. Flora cannot move from one place to another, whereas fauna can.
Explanation:
describe 3 ways in which materials are transported across the cell membrane
(When molecules move in this way, they are said to move down their concentration gradient.) Three common types of passive transport include simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Simple Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
During the electron transport chain, what form of energy is produced in the largest quantity
Final answer:
The electron transport chain primarily produces ATP, which is generated through oxidative phosphorylation as electrons move through the chain and create an electrochemical gradient.
Explanation:
During the electron transport chain (ETC), the form of energy produced in the largest quantity is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This is due to the process of oxidative phosphorylation, where electrons are transferred through various redox reactions in the ETC, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The energy from these electrons is used to pump protons across the membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient.
The flow of protons back into the mitochondrial matrix through ATP synthase drives the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP. The ETC produces more ATP than any other part of cellular respiration, including glycolysis or the Krebs cycle.
DNA is composed of strands of nucleotides that
pair in regular patterns and are held together by
the forces shown in the diagram below.
Arb
POUP
Pidres
Su
Thy
What forces, represented by dotted lines, hold
together the two strands of DNA shown in the
diagram above? (3.2)
A. Ionic bonds
B. Covalent bonds
C. Hydrogen bonds
D. Carbon-carbon bonds
Answer:
C. Hydrogen Bonds
Explanation:
Answer:
C. Hydrogen bonds
Explanation:
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What is the purpose of mitosis?
Question 9 options:
create genetic diversity
increase cell volume
produce new offspring
replace damaged cells
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The correct option would be D. replace damaged cells.
Genetic diversity would apply to meiosis not mitosis.
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Answer: Replace damaged cells
Explanation:
After a search of nucleotide sequence databases, researchers identified an IRE in the 5c untranslated region of a gene encoding aconitase, an enzyme involved in the Krebs cycle.
Which of the following pieces of experimental evidence best supports the claim that the synthesis of aconitase is controlled by a mechanism similar to ferritin regulation?
fin
After a search of nucleotide sequence databases, researchers identified an IRE in the 5' untranslated region of a gene encoding aconitase, an enzyme involved in the Krebs cycle. Which of the following pieces of experimental evidence best supports the claim that the synthesis of aconitase is controlled by a mechanism similar to ferritin regulation?
(A) IRP binds to aconitase mRNA in the presence of iron.
(B) The relative amount of aconitase protein increases in the presence of high levels of iron. NADH and FADH2, increase in the presence of high levels of iron.
(C) Oxygen consumption by cells increases.
(D) The levels of reduced electron carriers.
Answer:The relative amount of aconitase protein increases in the presence of high levels of iron. NADH and FADH2, increase in the presence of high levels of iron which best support the claims.
Option B
Explanation:Iron induced toxicity deals with the excess intracellular iron. The excess amount of iron are binded by Ferritin that is an intracellular iron storage. The cells are protected from the iron induced toxicity by the presence of ferritin.
When the iron levels are high, the intracellular iron binds to the IRP. The iron-IRP dislocates from IRE releasing ribosomes to proceed with the translation of ferritin mRNA. When iron levels are low, a repressor of translation, iron response protein (IRP), binds to an iron response element (IRE), which is a stem-loop structure near the 5' end of ferritin mRNA.
There are many many stars in the universe in which of the following do all stars appear to be quite similar A. chemical composition B. temperature C. distance from our solar system D. size
Answer:Chemical Composition
Explanation:
none of the others make even the simplest of sense.
Prison are infectious particles that cause other proteins to?
Answer:
Prions are infectious agents which are responsible for neurodegenerative diseases in animals. Prions cause the refolding of the alpha helical and coil forms of protein structure into beta sheets.
Explanation:
The alpha sheets and coil structures assume helical structures and therefore would give different physiological properties to protein. When they are converted into beta sheets, which are flat and parallel, the structure and function of the protein get altered.
The cellular form of the protein is sensitive to proteases whereas the misfolded protein is not affected by proteases. The misfolded form perpetuates itself by causing the newly synthesized normal form of protein to become degenerate.
Kuru was the first disease caused by prion in humans.,
In a classic experiment using pea shape, Mendel conducted two separate genetic crosses. In the first cross the parent plants were “true breeding” for pea shape; one had round peas ( R )and the other had wrinkled (r). The first cross produced a filial 1 generation of all round peas. In the second cross, Mendel bred plants from the filial 1 generation. This cross produced different results. Out of approximately 1000 plants, about 75% were round and 25% were wrinkled.
From these experiments, Mendel developed four hypotheses. They include all BUT
A) one heritable factor may be dominant and mask the other factor.
B) any organism that "shows" a heritable factor must be homozygous.
C) an organism has two "heritable factors", now called genes, one from each parent.
D) a sperm or egg carries only one heritable factor for each trait in the offspring.
Answer:
The law of segregation is the Mendel’s laws or principles explain that traits are passed from parents to offspring individually instead of as pairs, groups or sets.This is a law or principle which states that during the formation of gametes, two copies of each heredity factors separate out so that the new offspring can get one factor of both the parents. This law was the first law in this direction.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Audrey woke up and decided to go to the bakery for breakfast. When she walked through the door, the smell of blueberry muffins caused her to begin salivating. Which of Audrey's neurons detected the smell of the muffins?
Answer:
Sensory neurons detected the smell of muffins.
Explanation:
Sensory neurons can be described as a group of neurons which convert stimulus from the external environment of the organism into an electrical impulse. Sensory neurons are also known as afferent neurons. there are different types of sensory neurons to detect different types of environmental stimuli. The sensory neurons which are used for smelling are termed as olfactory sensory neurons. Hence, the sensory neurons helped Audrey to detect the smell of muffins.
Which organelles are found in a plant cell
Answer:Plant the plant cell contain membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes.
Explanation:
By the end of prophase, each of the following has occurred except ____.
Question 7 options:
tighter coiling of the chromosomes
breaking down of the nuclear envelope
disappearing of the nucleolus
lining up of chromosomes in the cell
Answer:
Lining up of chromosomes in the cell .
Explanation:
Prophase begins with the Thickening of chromosome. Chromosomes are clearly visible inside the nucleus. each chromosome splits longitudinally to form two chromatids.
The centriole in the centrosome of animal cell divides into two. The centrosphere set the centrioles free. Centrioles develop very fine eye-lash like thread called aster rays. the two asters start moving towards the opposite poles. By the end of prophase they reach at the opposite poles.
The ATP molecule shown consists of a base,__________, and a chain of three phosphates.
Answer:
The ATP molecule shown consists of a base, Adenine, and a chain of three phosphates.
Explanation:
ATP can be described as a molecule which is the main energy source for cells of an organisms body. ATP is made up of a nucleotide base which is adenine and three phosphates attached to it hence the name adenine triphosphate.
The energy is released from an ATP molecule by breaking or hydrolyzing it. This process releases adenine diphosphate, a phosphate molecule along with loads of energy. ATP is the main molecule which cells use to carry out their normal functions.
Which distinguishes the process of cytokinesis in plant and animal cells?
Question 13 options:
A cell plate forms in animal cells, while a furrow forms in plant cells.
A cell plate forms in plant cells, while a furrow forms in animal cells.
Cytokinesis results in genetic diversity in animal cells but not plant cells.
Cytokinesis results in genetic diversity in plant cells but not animal cells.
Answer:
2nd one
Explanation:
A cell plate forms in plant cells, while a furrow forms in animal cells.
A cell plate forms in plant cells, while furrow forms in animal cells, distinguishing the process of cytokinesis in plant and animal cells. The correct option is b.
What is cytokinesis?Following mitosis is cytokinesis. The cell goes through mitosis after interphase (during which the DNA replicates and primes for division) (the splitting of the nucleus).
Following full membrane separation, a process known as cytokinesis creates two identical cells. After telophase, the cell undergoes cytokinesis, during which the cytoplasm splits to create two daughter cells. The cell then goes through the G0 phase, the quiescent period of cell division during which no cell division takes place.
Therefore, the correct option is B. A cell plate forms in plant cells, while furrow forms in animal cells.
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Active transport and facilitied diffusion relation
Answer:
Both facilitated diffusion and active transport are selective processes. Only selective molecules are allowed to cross the membrane. They utilize carrier proteins to move across the membrane.
Explanation:
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move across a membrane respective of the concentration gradient. The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable membrane which allows specific molecules to move across the concentration gradient.
Molecules migrate from a region of higher concentration to a lower concentration in case of diffusion. It can be classified into simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion. These are examples of passive transport.
In facilitated diffusion molecules move across the concentration gradient with the help of carrier proteins or channel proteins. The carrier proteins bind to the molecule which has to be transported and change conformation to allow it to cross the membrane. For example glucose molecule is carried across through GLUT transporter. Channel proteins open a channel inside the membrane and molecules get transported across the gradient.
Active transport carries molecules against the concentration gradient with the assist of energy. ATP hydrolysis is utilized to generate energy. As a result of active transport, the molecules are aggregated on one side of the membrane.
Enzymes___chemical reactions
Answer:
Enzymes aren't changed or used up in the reactions they catalyze, so they can be used to speed up the same reaction over and over again. Each enzyme is highly specific for the particular reaction is catalyzes, so enzymes are very effective.
Explanation:
Catalysts
Answer:enzymes are proteins that regulate chemical reactions.
Explanation:
Sulfites may be found _____.
naturally occurring in wine
as a preservative in hamburger
as a preservative on fruits
as a preservative in cooked vegetables
Answer:
as preservatives on fruits
Explanation:
Answer:
NATURALLY OCCURING IN WHINE EDG 2021
Explanation:
Answer above is wrong (at this time it is at least) I PUT THEIR ANSWER AND WAS WRONG AND IT TOLD ME THIS WAS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Which organelles are found in an animal cell check all apply
Endoplasmic reticulum, centrioles, lysosomes, mitochondria, and cell membrane are found in an animal cell. Vacuoles, chloroplasts, and cell wall are not.
In an animal cell, several organelles play crucial roles in various cellular functions. Let's go through each option to identify which organelles are indeed present:
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Yes, animal cells contain endoplasmic reticulum. This organelle is responsible for protein and lipid synthesis.
Centrioles: Yes, animal cells contain centrioles. These organelles are involved in cell division, aiding in the formation of the mitotic spindle.
Cell Wall: No, animal cells do not have a cell wall. The cell wall is a rigid structure found in plant cells, fungi, and some bacteria, providing structural support and protection.
Vacuoles: Yes, animal cells contain vacuoles, although they are generally smaller and less prominent compared to plant cells.
Vacuoles in animal cells play roles in intracellular digestion and storage.
Lysosomes: Yes, animal cells contain lysosomes. Lysosomes are involved in intracellular digestion, breaking down macromolecules and cellular debris.
Mitochondria: Yes, animal cells contain mitochondria. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.
Chloroplasts: No, animal cells do not contain chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and some protists, responsible for photosynthesis.
Cell Membrane: Yes, animal cells have a cell membrane. The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, surrounds the cell, regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell and providing structural support.
Question
Which organelles are found in an animal cell?
Check all that apply.
endoplasmic reticulum
centrioles
cell wall
vacuoles
lysosomes
mitochondria
chloroplasts
cell membrane
2.
A network or framework of fibers to which the chromatids are attached. They push and
pull the chromosomes around the cell are known as
A Chromosomes
B Centromeres
C Chromatids
D Spindle Fibers
Which of the following environmental problems could be solved by reducing the amount of packaging that people need to throw away?
A.
an oil spill pollutes water supplies
B.
a landfill is filling up too quickly
C.
a river is polluted with pesticide
D.
burning coal produces air pollution
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Because packaging is thrown into landfills so the landfill would fill up slower if less packaging was being put in it.
Final answer:
Reducing packaging would help solve environmental problems related to landfills filling up too quickly but does not directly address issues like oil spills, river pesticide pollution, or air pollution from burning coal.
Explanation:
Reducing the amount of packaging that people need to throw away would most directly solve the environmental problem where a landfill is filling up too quickly. By minimizing packaging waste, we conserve resources and produce less trash that ends up in landfills. Excessive trash in landfills can be problematic, as it uses valuable land resources and takes hundreds of years for materials like plastic bottles to break down, potentially leading to environmental pollution. In contrast, reducing packaging would not directly address issues like oil spills polluting water supplies, rivers polluted with pesticides, or air pollution from burning coal as these issues arise from different sources and activities.
what is meant by social cost
Answer:
Social costs are private costs borne by individuals directly involved in a transaction together with the external costs borne by third parties not directly involved in the transaction.
Explanation:
Answer:
Social costs are private costs borne by individuals directly involved in a transaction together with the external costs borne by third parties not directly involved in the transaction.
Explanation:
Which was concluded by Mendel as a result of his genetic research?
Answer:
Which of the following was concluded by Mendel as a result of his genetic research? Genes for different traits are inherited independently of one another. Nondisjunction can result in the formation of a zygote with three copies of a chromosome.
Explanation:
The conclusion by Mendel as a result of his genetic research is that genes for different traits are inherited independently of one another. Non disjunction can result in the formation of a zygote with three copies of a chromosome.
What is the best example of a hypothesis leading to new experimental methods?The best example of a hypothesis leading to new experimental methods as the Thomas Hunt Morgan continued the genetic research of Gregor Mendel, but Morgan used fruit flies.
The best example of a hypothesis leading to new experimental methods is that the Thomas Hunt Morgan continued the genetic research of Gregor Mendel, but Morgan used fruit flies.
Through Thomas Hunt Morgan's fruit fly experiments, he was able to discover and notice the inheritance of specific chromosomes. This experiment gave Mendel a great opportunity to publicize his idea of studying humans.
Therefore, The conclusion by Mendel as a result of his genetic research is that genes for different traits are inherited independently of one another. Non disjunction can result in the formation of a zygote with three copies of a chromosome.
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An organism inherits hits genetic instruction from the
Answer:
its parents.
Explanation:
its parents hold a dna code
Which of these increases the amount of carbon in the atmosphere?
O A. animals eating plants
OB. burning of fossil fuels
OC. fossilization
OD. photosynthesis
Answer:
B. burning of fossil fuels
Explanation:
This method releases carbon dioxide which increases the amount of carbon in the atmosphere.
Answer:
b. burning of fossil fuels.
Explanation
fossil fuels produce large quantity of carbon di oxide when we
burned .carbon emission trap heat in the atmosphere and lead to climate change.
The vertical distance from the crest of the wave to the trough of the wave is 4 meters. What is the amplitude of the wave?
Answer:
2 meters
Explanation:
The amplitude of a wave is half the distance from the crest to the trough of that wave.
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Answer:
The correct option is a) the greatest reaction for this enzyme will be in tubes 4 and 5.
Explanation:
As the information in the question shows, the enzyme was isolated from a bacterium which is adapted to live in hot springs where the temperature range is 50 to 80 degrees Celsius. Hence, we can deduce that the enzymes in this bacteria work best at this temperature range or his temperature range can be considered to be optimum for the enzymes of this bacteria. Hence, the greatest reactions will be seen in the tubes 4 and 5 as the temperature will be perfect for the working of the enzyme.
Bottled water companies and many other industries remove
water from a ground source and transport it away. What
problems arise from this?
Answer:
With media exposing a lot of water companies day by day, the concerns related to bottled water are increasing at a high rate.
In some cases, it has been proved that bottled water is actually tap water. Some other cases prove that bottled water companies draw underground water and transport it away without testing of the water. Ground source of water might be considered to have pure water but it still can have mud of infectious agents. Hence, it should be properly tested before sending them to the market.
a single celled paramedic is placed in a hypotonic solution.what will happen to the cell?
When a single celled paramedic is placed in a hypotonic solution, the cell swells and then bursts.
Explanation:Hypotonic solutions are the solutions that contain more water than present in a cell. Hence, when an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the cell will undergo osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of any form of solvent through a plasma membrane to a higher concentration from a lower concentration until the the external concentration matches the inner one.
To put it in simple words, when a single animal cell is places in a solution which has more water than other solutes, the water will invade the cell until it can accumulate the amount that equalizes the inner and external concentration. The cell will begin to swell up until there is no more space and finally, it will burst. For example, when you put water on a cloth that has blood stain on it, the cells will burst and make the stain worse than before.
What organ within a common plant starts the process of transpiration?
Stomata is organ within a common plant which starts the process of transpiration.
Explanation:
Water is released by plant in water vapor or moisture form is known as transpiration. In the process of transpiration, a very little amount of water is absorbed by root and left out water is evaporated in the atmosphere.
Transpiration can be of different types. The most common is stomatal transpiration. It is in the pores of the plant leaves. Here from plant about 80% to 90% of water is lost from plant. Transpiration is affected by climate. Stomata Distribution also affects transpiration
Process does not require oxygen.
Anaerobic respiration is a biological process that does not require oxygen. It occurs in organisms like yeast, muscle cells during exercise, and certain bacteria and archaea. Anaerobic respiration is also known as fermentation and is a quick source of energy.
Explanation:In biology, the process that does not require oxygen is called anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration occurs in organisms, such as yeast, in the absence of oxygen.
An example of anaerobic respiration is fermentation, which takes place in the muscle cells of animals during intense exercise. Fermentation produces lactic acid and provides a quick source of energy.
Some bacteria and archaea also carry out anaerobic respiration in environments with low oxygen levels, using different chemical reactions to generate energy.
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