The gap between two communicating neurons is termed:

Answer: Antibodies

The blood group antigen is found on the surface of erythrocytes, and it is being ignored y the immune system, but when antigen of another blood type is found it recognize it as a foreign and it is being attacked by the antibodies.

Antibodies are produced by the white blood cell of the body and act as a soldier for the body by the immune system. It recognizes and attacks foreign substances in the body.

Answer:

Antibodies

Explanation:

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The lateral and the medial malleoli of the leg are similar to the bone markings of the forearm which is referred to as the styloid processes which is a component of the two such as the ulna and the radius. 

The pads of cartilage that function as shock absorbers between the vertebrae are known as intervertebral discs. They consist of a tough outer layer and a gel-like inner part and provide flexibility to the spine while preventing damage during physical activities.

The pads of cartilage that separate the vertebrae and act as shock absorbers are known as intervertebral discs. These discs are found in the spinal column and serve a critical function in maintaining spinal flexibility while also helping prevent damage to the vertebrae during physical activities, such as running or jumping, which can put a lot of stress on the spine. Intervertebral discs consist of a tough outer layer called the annulus fibrosus and a soft, gel-like inner part known as the nucleus pulposus, this unique structure allows them to act effectively as natural shock absorbers in your backbone.

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The dominant planktonic primary producers in cold water are phytoplankton. They contribute to about half of the Earth's photosynthesis and are thus a crucial part of marine ecosystems. Their survival and productivity are impacted by nutrient availability and environmental conditions like thermal stratification and severe winters.

The dominant group of planktonic primary producers in cold water is typically phytoplankton. These microorganisms contribute to half of Earth's photosynthetic activity, indicative of their integral role in marine ecosystems. As exemplified by Antarctic Sea figures, phytoplankton thrive in cold waters, and even among ice crystals, maintaining their size from few micrometers to 2 millimeters.

Further, phytoplankton encompass diverse organisms such as dinoflagellates, which form a central component of plankton. The growth of phytoplankton is predominantly influenced nutrient availability; in the Pacific Ocean this is iron, while in the Atlantic it is nitrogen. Their productivity supports a plethora of oceanic life, from smaller creatures like zooplankton, protists, and small fish, to larger ones like whales and dolphins.

Conversely, limitations exist in the form of thermal stratification in the ocean, that impacts the movement of organic nutrients necessary for the sustenance of phytoplankton. To add to that, during harsh winter conditions, aquatic life, including phytoplankton, demand higher resources for survival.

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Eutrophic lakes are characterized physically by thermal stratification and chemically by high levels of nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. This leads to excessive growth of phytoplankton or algae and potentially creates anoxic dead zones due to subsequent decay of these organisms.

A eutrophic lake has several physical and chemical characteristics that distinguish it from other types of lakes. From a physical perspective, a eutrophic lake typically has thermal stratification, with a warmer, well-illuminated upper layer and a colder, darker lower layer.

This stratification supports a robust biological community, with phytoplankton, including algae, and cyanobacteria populating the upper layer and other organisms, such as decomposing bacteria and lake trout, in the bottom layer. Chemically, eutrophic lakes often have high levels of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus.

These excess nutrients, usually introduced through human activities such as fertilizer runoff or sewage disposal, can lead to overgrowth of phytoplankton or algae. This excessive growth and subsequent death and decay of these organisms can deplete the oxygen in the lake, creating dead zones where other organisms cannot survive.

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Answer:

Phytochemicals is the right term for non-nutrient compounds

Explanation:

Final answer:

Deep sea creatures have adaptations to survive extreme conditions such as pressure, cold, and darkness.

Explanation:

Deep sea creatures have various adaptations that allow them to survive in extreme environments:

Pressure Adaptations: Many deep-sea organisms have flexible bodies and high-pressure proteins that enable them to withstand the extreme water pressure in the deep ocean.

Cold Adaptations: These creatures have specialized enzymes and antifreeze proteins that help them tolerate the freezing temperatures of the deep sea.

Dark Adaptations: Deep-sea organisms have evolved unique adaptations to survive in complete darkness, such as bioluminescence, sensitive light-sensing structures, and heightened senses.

These adaptations help deep sea creatures thrive in extreme environments and allow them to access the scarce resources available in the deep ocean.

Answer: A.Urban land → Human shelter

Land can be defined as the part of the surface of the earth that is solid and not occupied by water. Land can be used by human or wildlife. It provides a substrate for the survival of the living beings. The land is extensively occupied by the human population for the purpose of habitation, agriculture, industrialization and for other needs. The animals also use land as rangeland (for grazing), and habitation.

The most appropriate use of land is Urban land → Human shelter because urban land is occupied with modern human population which use it as shelter.

 The notable hardness of bone is attributed to the presence of inorganic hydroxyapatites. Due to the calcium salts deposited in it, resulting to the hardness. The abnormal hardness of bone, which allows it to resist the compression.

The notable hardness of bone is primarily attributed to the presence of inorganic hydroxyapatite crystals. The correct option is E.

Hydroxyapatite is a mineral compound consisting of calcium and phosphate ions.

It forms a major component of the bone matrix, providing strength and rigidity to the bone structure.

The bone matrix is composed of collagen fibers, which provide flexibility and tensile strength, and inorganic hydroxyapatite crystals, which contribute to the hardness and mineralization of bone.

The hydroxyapatite crystals deposit around and within the collagen matrix, forming a composite material that combines strength and toughness.

These hydroxyapatite crystals give bone its characteristic hardness and enable it to withstand compressive forces and resist fracture.

Thus, the correct option is E.

To know more about Hydroxyapatite, click here:

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Complete question:

Choose the correct option:

The notable hardness of bone is attributed to ________.

A. the presence of glycoproteins

B. the presence of cartilage

C. the presence of collagen fibers

D. the presence of proteoglycans

E. the presence of inorganic hydroxyapatites

To discover the ideal conditions for photosynthesis using a gizmo, students must manipulate and assess the effects of environmental parameters such as light intensity, CO2 levels, temperature, and water.

These factors are crucial because they influence the rate at which photosynthesis occurs in plants. For example, light intensity impacts the rate of the light-dependent reactions, while carbon dioxide concentration affects the rate of the Calvin cycle.

To improve an experiment to determine the effects of different light intensities on transpiration, you could use a potometer to measure water uptake and vary the light intensity with lamps at different distances or with different wattage bulbs. Additionally, by using digital probes or thermometers, students can accurately monitor temperature changes linked to transpiration rates under varying light conditions.

When designing an experiment to compare photosynthesis between red and green algae, one could use red, green, and blue transparent film to simulate underwater light conditions. Algae could be placed in test tubes under these colored films to determine their photosynthetic efficiency in different light spectrums, reflecting their natural habitats.

Answer:

hypothalamus

Explanation: