To solve for this problem, first we have to calculate for the diagonal or the hypotenuse on the bottom face of the cube. We can do this by using the hypotenuse formula. Since all sides are of equal lengths therefore:
c^2 = a^2 + b^2
a = b
c^2 = 2 a^2
where a = 0.281 nm therefore:
c^2 = 2 (0.281 nm)^2
c = 0.3974 nm
Now using the diagonal and the one vertical side of the cube which is still equivalent to a, we use the tan function to find for the angle θ.
tan θ = opposite side / adjacent side
tan θ = a / c
θ = tan^-1 (0.281 / 0.3974)
θ = 35.26°
Final answer:
The crystal structure of sodium chloride and the calculation of the force on a lithium ion in a NaCl crystal lattice involves applying Coulomb's law to consider contributions of electrostatic forces from neighboring ions.
Explanation:
The question concerns the crystal structure of sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly known as table salt, and involves calculating the force on a lithium ion in the crystal lattice with defects. The edges of the cube in the NaCl crystal are provided as 0.281 nm, which is the distance between neighboring ions, and it is given that the ions form a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. To find the angle θ in the drawing, one would need a diagram to assess the geometry between the ions.
As for the force on the lithium ion, you would apply Coulomb's law to calculate the electrostatic force exerted on it by its neighboring charged ions. Each neighboring ion contributes a vector force, and the total force on the lithium ion is the vector sum of these individual forces.
In order to buffer a strong acid into a weak acid, which has a less dramatic effect on ph, what chemical should be used as the buffer?
In order to buffer a strong acid into a weak acid, salt of strong acid should be used as the buffer.
What are acids?
Acids are defined as substances which on dissociation yield H+ ions , and these substances are sour in taste. Compounds such as HCl, H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ are acids as they yield H+ ions on dissociation.
According to the number of H+ ions which are generated on dissociation acids are classified as mono-protic , di-protic ,tri-protic and polyprotic acids depending on the number of protons which are liberated on dissociation.
Acids are widely used in industries for production of fertilizers, detergents batteries and dyes.They are used in chemical industries for production of chemical compounds like salts which are produced by neutralization reactions.
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Find the approximate atomic mass of a water molecule (h2o). give your answer in atomic mass units rounded to the nearest whole number.
Answer: 18 amu
Explanation:
The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.008 or 1 (rounded to the nearest whole number)
The atomic mass of oxygen is 15.999 or 16 (rounded to the nearest whole number)
There are 2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom in water.
1+1+16= 18 amu
It would be expected that methanol (ch3oh) would be more soluble in water than methane (ch4) would be.
a. True
b. False
Methanol is soluble in water because it can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Methane is not able to form hydrogen bond in water and it exists in gas phase.
What is methanol?Methanol is an organic compound classified as an alcohol. Its formula is CH₃OH. Methanol is usually used in beverages as common alcohol and it is toxic and injurious to health.
Methanol is polar in nature and polar compounds easily dissolves in polar solvents such as water. The OH group in methanol bonds with H+ ends in water and this string hydrogen bond make it soluble in water.
Methane on the other hand is an organic gas, which does not have free H+ OH- groups to form hydrogen bonds with water and likely be insoluble in water.
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Which statements describe kinetic and potential energy? Check all that apply. Energy can be stored in the position of an object. Energy is not present in a moving object. Energy can be stored in the position of the particles that make up a substance. Energy exists as movement of the particles of a substance. Energy is greater in faster-moving particles than in slower-moving particles. Energy is lower in objects with greater mass than in objects with less mass.
Kinetic and potential energy is the form of energy, the object exists. Energy is neither created nor destroyed. It changes from one form to another.
The energy of the moving object is termed Kinetic energy. However, the stored energy or the energy of the object in the stationary position is the Potential energy.
Energy can be stored in the position of an object.The statement is true, as the stored energy is the potential energy.
Energy is not present in the moving object.This statement is false, as the moving object energy is the kinetic energy of the object.
Energy can be stored in the position of the particles that make up a substance.The statement is true, as the potential energy of the object is stored in its particles.
Energy exists as the movement of the particles of a substance.The movement of the particle of a substance will result in the kinetic energy of the substance. Thus the statement is true.
Energy is greater in faster-moving particles than in slower-moving particles.The statement is true, as fast the object moves more energy will be required and the conversion of more potential energy to kinetic energy takes place.
Energy is lower in objects with greater mass than in objects with less mass.The statement is false, as the greater the mass of the object, the greater will be the number of particles and more energy will be stored.
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Predict how the addition of hydrogen gas would affect the initial rate of the reaction below, and explain your prediction.
H2 (g) + I2 (g) -> 2 HI
Explanation:
According to Le Chaltelier's principle, when a system is in chemical equilibrium and there occurs any change in concentration, temperature, or pressure then the equilibrium will shift in the direction which is opposing the change.
For example, when concentration of hydrogen gas is increased for the reaction [tex]H_{g} + I_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2HI[/tex] then equilibrium will shift of the right hand side.
That is, formation of product will become faster on increasing the concentration of hydrogen gas.
) write the balanced equation for the reaction that occurs when methanol, ch3oh (l), is burned in air. what is the coefficient of oxygen in the balanced equation
Answer : The coefficient used for the oxygen in balanced chemical reaction is, 3.
Explanation :
Balanced chemical reaction : It is defined as the number of atoms of individual elements present on reactant side must be equal to the product side.
When methanol is burned in air then it react to give carbon dioxide and water as a products.
The balanced chemical reaction will be,
[tex]2CH_3OH(l)+3O_2(g)\rightarrow 2CO_2(s)+4H_2O(g)[/tex]
This reaction is a combustion reaction in which a hydrocarbon react with oxygen to given carbon dioxide and water as a products.
By stoichiometry we can say that, 2 mole of methanol react with 3 moles of oxygen to give 2 moles of carbon dioxide and 4 moles of water.
Hence, from the balanced chemical reaction we conclude that the coefficient used for the oxygen is 3.
The balanced equation is:
2 CH3OH + 3 O2 -----> 2 H2O + 2 CO2 and the coefficient of oxygen is 3.What is the balanced equation of the combustion of methanol?Combustion is a reaction of a substance with oxygen with the release of heat and light.
In the combustion of methanol, carbon(iv) oxide and water are produced.
The balanced equation is:
2 CH3OH + 3 O2 -----> 2 H2O + 2 CO2
Based on the balanced equation, the coefficient of oxygen is 3.
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Which of the following is not an acid-base neutralization reaction?
NH3 + HCl yields NH4Cl
H2 + Br2 yields 2 HBr
HCl + HBr yields H2 + ClBr
2 HBr + Ca(OH)2 yields CaBr2 + 2 H2O
What type of energy is stored for use at a later time? Bond energy Free energy Kinetic energy Potential energy
Consider the incomplete reaction below.
NaOH + X mc005-1.jpg NaCH3COO + H2O
What is X in this reaction?
NH4OH
H3PO4
H2CO3
CH3COOH
NaOH + X → NaCH3COO + H2O
In the incomplete reaction above x is CH3COOH ( acetic acid)
Explanation
carboxylic acid react with metal hydroxide to form salt and water. sodium hydroxide (NaOH) react with acetic acid to form sodium acetate ( NaCH3COO and water H2O.NaOH + CH3COOH → NaCH3COO (salt) + H2O
The number of valence electrons in an element with electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 is ________.
Answer:
6
Explanation:
The given electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴.
The valence shell of an atom is the outermost orbit. Here the valence shell is 3 with electrons occupying the s and p orbitals.
The s orbital has 2 electrons and the 3p orbital has 6 electrons. So adding all the electrons in the 3s and 3p orbital we have a total of 6 electrons in the 3rd valence shell.
The number of valence electron in the element is 6 electrons
Valence electron(s) are the electrons located on the outermost shell of an atom.
From the question given above, we obtained:
Electronic configuration => 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²3p⁴
The valence shell is => 3s²3p⁴Total electron in valence shell = 2 + 4
Total electron in valence shell = 6 electronsTherefore, the number of valence electron in the element is 6 electrons.
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Do compounds have the same properties as the elements that make them up?
What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force between a singly charged sodium ion and an adjacent singly charged chlorine ion?
What atomic or hybrid orbitals make up the sigma bond between c1 and c2 in tetrafluoroethylene, c2f4?
The atomic or hybrid orbitals that make up the sigma bond between C1 and C2 in tetrafluoroethylene, C2F4 are the sp2 hybrid orbitals. Tetrafluoroethylene C2F4 has double bond between C1 and C2. So, sigma bond is made sp2hybrid orbitals.
To add, the simplest perfluorinated alkene, Tetrafluoroethylene belongs to the family of fluorocarbons.
Answer:
hybrid sp2 -orbital make up the sigma bond between C1 and C2 in tetrafluoroethylene
Explanation:
The tetrafluoroethylene has a double bond between the carbons and single bonds between each fluor and carbon because each carbon requires a full octet and each fluor requires a pair of electrons.
In chemistry, hybridization is the interaction of atomic orbitals within an atom to form new hybrid orbitals. In sp2 hybridization, an s orbital and two orbitals are combined p. For this hybridization to occur, the carbon must be attached to three atoms as is the case in the carbon atom in this case. On the other hand, the sigma bond (σ) is formed when there is a front overlap of atomic orbitals; and the pi (π) bond is formed when there is superposition of parallel p orbitals.
Atoms that form sp2 hybridizations can form compounds with double bonds, as in this case between both carbons. Simple bonds are known as sigma bons (σ) and double bonds are composed of a sigma bond and a pi bond. So double bond between sp2 hybrid orbitals formed by one sigma-bond and one pi-bond.
In summary, hybrid sp2-orbital make up the sigma bond between C1 and C2 in tetrafluoroethylene
A student places three ice cubes in a beaker and allows them to partially melt. if she measures the temperature of the water in the beaker, what will she most likely observe? explain your answer.
Temperature does not change during melting because the heat absorbed is used to overcome intermolecular forces rather than to increase the kinetic energy of the particles.
As long as both ice and water are present in the beaker, the temperature of the water will not increase.
The freezing point of water is 0°C (273 K).
The water's temperature should be 0°C (273 K).
When carrying out the experiment of putting three ice cubes in a beaker and letting them partially melt, the student will observe that when measuring the temperature, it will not change during the melting of the ice.
Physical States of WaterIt corresponds to the water cycle in nature, that is, the processes of water transformation, through:
FusionVaporizationSolidificationLiquefactionSublimationTherefore, there are two laws that determine fusion, which are related to a pure and crystalline substance under a certain pressure will not change its temperature and will remain constant.
This is because the heat absorbed is not used to increase the kinetic energy of the particles, but to overcome the forces of interaction between the molecules.
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A solution which contains maximum solute at a given temperature is
Answer: saturated
Explanation:
Saturated solution is defined as the solution in which no more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent and thus contain maximum solute at a given temperature.
Unsaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more solute particles can be dissolved in the solvent at any particular temperature.
Supersaturated solution is defined as the solution in which more amount of solute particles is present than the solvent particles and thus the solute is in precipitated form.
The ____ _____ of an element includes atomic number plus the number of neutrons.
Why is it necessary to find the percent yield of a reaction?
A) to determine the efficiency of the reaction
B) to determine the amount of reactants in the reaction
C) to determine the amount of products in the reaction
D) to determine the limiting reactant of the reaction
The percent yield of a reaction is used to measure the efficiency of a given chemical reaction. It signifies how effectively the reactants have been converted to products. It does not directly indicate the number of reactants, products, or the limiting reactant.
Explanation:The purpose of finding the percent yield of a chemical reaction is primarily to determine the efficiency of the reaction. The term 'percent yield' represents the ratio of the actual yield (the amount of product actually generated in a reaction) to the theoretical yield (the maximum amount of product that could potentially be generated) multiplied by 100.
It does not directly allow us to determine the number of reactants or products, nor the limiting reactant of the reaction; its purpose rather is to assess how effectively the reactants have been converted into products. A high percent yield, close to 100%, means that the reaction was very efficient with little waste or side reactions taking place.
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Which is not one of the eight most common elements in Earth’s continental crust? silicon carbon aluminum oxygen
Answer: Carbon
Explanation: The top layer of the earth is known as lithosphere which contain the crust of the earth.
The earths crust contain some of the most abundant elements which facilitate the human life .
In this series of top abundant elements found in Earths continental crust, Oxygen scores the first position and after that Silicon comes as second and Aluminum bags the third position and so on.
Therefore, carbon does not even come in the top 10 elements which are most abundant in the earths crust.
Brainliest if answered in the next 5m
When the Ka value is very large, the _________ are favored over the _______.
Reactants
Products
In the reaction Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) Mg(OH)2(s) + H2(g), what is the oxidation state of each H in H2(g)?
A. 0
B. +2 and –2
C. +1
D. –1 and +1
Answer:0
Explanation:
Is the polar head of a soap molecule more attracted to calcium or sodium ions?
what is the first step when calculating the molar mass of a compound ? A.multiply the total number of atoms in the compound by the compound by the combined molar mass.B.Add the total number of atoms for each element of the compound together.C.add the molar mass for each element of the compound together to find the total.D.multiply the number of atoms for each element in the compound by the molar mass.
To calculate the molar mass of a compound, first retrieve the atomic masses for each element from the periodic table, multiply them by the number of atoms in the compound, and add the totals.
Explanation:The first step when calculating the molar mass of a compound is to identify the atomic masses of each element in the compound. You can find these on the periodic table. Once you have the atomic masses, count the number of atoms for each element in the molecular formula. Then, multiply this number by the atomic mass for each element. Finally, add up all of these values to get the total molar mass.
For example, to calculate the molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6), you would do the following:
Identify the atomic masses from the periodic table: Carbon (C) 12.01 g/mol, Hydrogen (H) 1.008 g/mol, and Oxygen (O) 15.999 g/mol.Multiply the number of each type of atom by its atomic mass: (6 \\* 12.01) + (12 \\* 1.008) + (6 \\* 15.999).Add these amounts together to find the total molar mass of glucose.Why does every element except hydrogen need at least one neutron in its nucleus?
Two or more than two atoms with different physical or chemical properties can not combine together to form an element. By removing the repulsions among protons inside the nucleus, neutron provide the stability to an atom.
What is element?Element generally consist of atoms or we can atoms combine to form element. Atoms of an element is always same, means all the properties of all atoms of one type of element is same.
An atom of element contains neutrons and protons in the nucleus and electron that revolves around the nucleus. The purpose of neutron is to provide stability to an atom by minimizing the repulsion between protons inside the nucleus.
Therefore by removing the repulsions among protons inside the nucleus, neutron provide the stability to an atom.
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Sulfuric acid is a component of acid rain formed when gaseous sulfur dioxide pollutant reacts with gaseous oxygen and liquid water to form aqueous sulfuric acid. part a write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer.
Answer:
The chemical reaction is :
[tex]2SO_2(g)+O_2(g)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2H_2SO_4(aq)[/tex]
Explanation:
When sulfur dioxide gas reacts with oxygen gas and liquid water it gives aqueous solution of sulfuric acid.
This is reason behind the acidic nature of the rain water during acid rain.The chemical reaction is given as:
[tex]2SO_2(g)+O_2(g)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2H_2SO_4(aq)[/tex]
According to stoichiometry, 2 moles of sulfur dioxide gas reacts with 1 mole of oxygen gas and 2 moles of water to give 2 moles of aqueous sulfuric acid.
Which chemical reaction is a single replacement reaction? A. Ba(ClO3)2 —> BaCl2 + 3O2 B. 2Mg + O2 —> 2MgO C. Zn + CuCl2 —> ZnCl2 + Cu
Which the following is an example of an organic compound that contains an attached carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain?
ketone
aldehyde
ether
amine
Answer : The correct option is, Aldehyde.
Explanation :
Ketone group : It is the class of organic compound in which the [tex]-CO[/tex] group is attached to a hydrocarbon is known as ketone.
The general representation of ketone are, [tex]R-CO-R'[/tex].
For example : Acetone, [tex]H_3C-CO-CH_3[/tex]
Aldehyde group : It is the class of organic compound in which the [tex]-CHO[/tex] group is attached to a hydrocarbon is known as aldehyde.
The general representation of aldehyde are, [tex]R-CHO[/tex].
For example : Ethanal , [tex]H_3C-CH_2-CHO[/tex]
Ether group : It is the class of organic compound in which the oxygen is directly attached to the two alkyl group of carbon is known as ether.
The general representation of ether are, [tex]R-O-R^'[/tex].
For example : Dimethyl ether, [tex]H_3C-O-CH_3[/tex]
Amine group : It is the class of organic compound in which the [tex]-NH_2[/tex] group is directly attached to the alkyl group of carbon is known as amine.
The general representation of amine are, [tex]R-NH_2[/tex].
For example : Ethylamine, [tex]H_3C-CH_2-NH_2[/tex]
As per question, aldehyde is an example of an organic compound that contains an attached carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain.
Hence, the correct option is, Aldehyde.
How many lone pairs are on the central atom in BCl3
Which is the correct standard notation for 9.3 × 10^5?
a.9,300
b.93,000
c.930,000
d.9,300,000
(yes this is chemistry related)
Answer : The correct answer is, (C) 930000
Explanation :
Scientific notation : It is the representation of expressing the numbers that are too big or too small and are represented in the decimal form with one digit before the decimal point times 10 raise to the power.
For example :
5000 is written as [tex]5.0\times 10^3[/tex]
889.9 is written as [tex]8.899\times 10^{-2}[/tex]
In this examples, 5000 and 889.9 are written in the standard notation and [tex]5.0\times 10^3[/tex] and [tex]8.899\times 10^{-2}[/tex] are written in the scientific notation.
[tex]8.89\times 10^{-2}[/tex] this is written in the scientific notation and the standard notation of this number will be, 0.00889.
If the decimal is shifting to right side, the power of 10 is negative and if the decimal is shifting to left side, the power of 10 is positive.
As we are given the [tex]9.3\times 10^5[/tex] in scientific notation.
Now converting this into standard notation, we get:
[tex]\Rightarrow 9.3\times 10^5=930000[/tex]
Hence, the correct answer is, (C) 930000
[07.02]what is the concentration of a ca(oh)2 solution if 10.0 ml of 0.600 m h3po4 solution is required to completely neutralize 12.5 ml of the ca(oh)2 solution? 0.320 m 0.480 m 0.720 m 1.44 m
Why is the law of definite proportions important?