We see that in 1 rock, there are 31 atoms of Argon and 1 atom of Potassium so the relative concentration of Potassium is:
1 / 32
or can be written as:
1 / 2^5
So this means that 5 half-lives have passed.
So the years are:
years passed = 5 * 1.25 billion years = 6.25 billion years
Answer:
1.3 billion years
Explanation:
As magma cools all of the mineral grains form at the same temperature is this true or false
How does a negative ion differ from a positive?
An atom has 40 electrons and 46 neutrons. how many protons does it have?
What is a sample of matter that has definite physical and chemical properties?
what percentage do the elements hydrogen and helium account for in the universe? A. 100% B. 99.9% C. 98% D.99.8%
Photochemical smong result from the interaction of pollution in the presence of
A solution of potassium (k2cro4) when added to a solution of lead(ii) acetate (pb(ch3coo)2 produces a yellow precipitate of lead(ii) chromate. what type of reaction is it?
The given reaction is an example of a double displacement reaction, specifically a precipitation reaction, where the potassium and lead ions swap positions resulting in the formation of lead(II) chromate precipitate.
Explanation:The given reaction, whereby a solution of potassium (K2CrO4) is added to a solution of lead(II) acetate (Pb(CH3COO)2) resulting in the formation of a yellow precipitate of lead(II) chromate (PbCrO4), is an example of a double displacement reaction, also known as a precipitation reaction. In double displacement reactions, the cations and anions in two different compounds switch places, leading to the formation of a new compound(s). In this case, the potassium and lead ions swap their positions resulting in the formation of lead(II) chromate precipitate.
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Iron(111) chloride, fec13 , can be made by the reaction of iron with chlorine gas. how much iron, in grams, will be needed to completely react with 58.0 g of c12
All our sources of fresh water, like rivers, wells, and aquifers, are dependent on
Which ions are spectator ions in the formation of a precipitate of agcl via combining aqueous solutions of cocl2 and agno3?
The reaction pcl3(g)+cl2(g)←−→pcl5(g) has kp=0.0870 at 300 ∘c. a flask is charged with 0.50atmpcl3, 0.50atmcl2, and 0.20atmpcl5 at this temperature. part a use the reaction quotient to determine the direction the reaction must proceed in order to reach equilibrium.
Given, equilibrium constant Kp = 0.0870
Pressure of PCl₃ = 0.50 atm
Pressure of Cl₂ = 0.50 atm
Pressure of PCl₅ = 0.20 atm
Reaction quotient, Q = [tex]\frac{0.20 atm}{0.50 atm x 0.50 atm}[/tex]
Q = 0.8
Q > K, net reaction is to the left
Q= K, no net reaction
Q < K, net reaction is to the right
Q = 0.8 and Kp = 0.0870
Q is greater than K, so the net reaction is to the left or to the reactant side.
Therefore, the reaction must proceed to the left or to the reactant side in order to reach equilibrium.
Petroleum contains multiple components with different boiling points. Explain how this process can be used in separating petroleum into its separate components?
In which state of matter would the molecules be closest together? a solid a cold liquid a warm liquid a gas?
Which shows the correct relationship between the molecular formula and the empirical formula for C2H10N2
Can anyone Please do this for me???I am trying to help my son with his Chemistry and I don't understand it. I have read the text book and researched it on the internet, but I still can't figure it out and my son doesn't understand it either. I just need someone to explain to me what to do, not do it for him. This way he can still do the work. Thank You!
Researching Elements in the Periodic Table:
Directions
Overview:
The periodic table includes groups of elements that have unique and useful capabilities. Such capabilities are due to the properties of the elements—such as ionization energy, atomic radius, and boiling point.
For this assignment, you will choose one of the groups of representative elements 1A–7A in the periodic table to research, as well as one element within that group to research.
Use your textbook and the Internet to perform your research. Note: Your textbook contains information about elemental groups in the periodic table in Appendices A and B.
Procedure:
1. For each element in the group that you have chosen, organize the following information in a data table in Microsoft Excel: • Element name
• Element symbol
• Atomic number
• Atomic mass
• Melting point
• Boiling point
• Electronegativity value
• Atomic radius
• Ionic radius
• First ionization energy
2. Use Microsoft Excel to create a line graph of ionic radius (y-axis) versus atomic number (x-axis). Save your completed graph to your Desktop so that you can submit the file to your teacher for grading.
3. Use Microsoft Excel to create a line graph of first ionization energy (y-axis) versus atomic number (x-axis). Save your completed graph to your Desktop so that you can submit the file to your teacher for grading.
4. Type a one-to-two paragraph analysis of your graphs that addresses the following: • What is the relationship between the atomic numbers and ionic radii of the elements in the group?
• What is the relationship between atomic numbers and first ionization energies?
• Why do these relationships exist? Propose an explanation for each of these relationships.
• Are these relationships consistent with the periodic trends that you have been studying?
5. Choose one element from within the group that you have selected. Write a one-to-two paragraph description of the element that addresses the following: • What was the date of the element’s discovery?
• Which scientist or scientists discovered the element?
• Where was the element discovered?
• How was it discovered?
• Describe any unique properties of the element.
• Describe any uses or products that have developed from the discovery of the element.
Choosing Group 2A (alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table, and focusing on the element calcium (Ca).
The research:
Element: Calcium (Ca)
1. Data Table:
| Property | Value |
|-----------------------------------|------------------------|
| Element name | Calcium |
| Element symbol | Ca |
| Atomic number | 20 |
| Atomic mass | 40.08 u |
| Melting point | 842°C |
| Boiling point | 1484°C |
| Electronegativity | 1.00 |
| Atomic radius | 197 pm |
| Ionic radius | 100 pm (2+) |
| First ionization energy | 590.6 kJ/mol |
2. Graphs:
- Ionic Radius vs Atomic Number:
Graph of Ionic Radius (pm) on the y-axis and Atomic Number on the x-axis is attached below.
- First Ionization Energy vs Atomic Number:
Graph of First Ionization Energy (kJ/mol) on the y-axis and Atomic Number on the x-axis is attached below.
3. Analysis:
The graph of ionic radius versus atomic number for Group 2A elements will show a decreasing trend as atomic number increases.
This is because, as you move down the group, the number of electron shells increases, leading to a greater distance between the outer electrons and the nucleus, resulting in a larger ionic radius.
On the other hand, the graph of first ionization energy versus atomic number will show an increasing trend. This is because, as you move down the group, the outermost electrons are further away from the nucleus, experiencing weaker attractive forces, thus requiring more energy to remove them, resulting in higher ionization energies.
These relationships align with the periodic trends studied, where atomic size increases down a group, leading to decreasing ionization energy.
4. Description of Calcium:
- Date of Discovery: Calcium was discovered by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808.
- Discoverer: Sir Humphry Davy.
- Location of Discovery: It was discovered in England.
- Discovery Method: Davy electrolyzed a mixture of lime (calcium oxide) and mercuric oxide, yielding calcium amalgam, from which he isolated calcium by evaporating the mercury.
- Unique Properties: Calcium is a silvery-white, alkaline earth metal. It is essential for living organisms, playing a vital role in bones, teeth, and muscle function. It is also highly reactive with water, forming calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
- Uses/Products: Calcium has various uses, including in the production of steel, as a deoxidizer, and in the production of calcium compounds used in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and construction materials.
How do atoms form a new substance?
A :By sharing electrons with each other
B: By losing neutrons to each other
C: By gaining electrons from each other
D: By losing electrons
Your answer is A. Let me know if you need anything else!
What is the mass of 5.40×1021 platinum atoms?
The mass of 5.40 × 10^21 platinum atoms is approximately 1.75 grams. This is calculated using Avogadro's number and the molar mass of platinum.
Explanation:To calculate the mass of 5.40×1021 platinum atoms, first, we need to understand that the atomic mass of platinum is approximately 195.08 u (atomic mass units). In chemistry, one mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number (6.022 × 1023) of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc). Therefore, the molar mass of platinum is 195.08 g/mol, meaning that 1 mole of platinum atoms (6.022 × 1023 atoms) has a mass of 195.08 grams.
First, we find out how many moles 5.40×1021 platinum atoms constitute.
5.40 × 1021 atoms/ (6.022 × 1023 atoms/mol) = 0.00897 moles
Since the mass of 1 mole platinum is 195.08 g, therefore:
Mass = Moles × Molar mass = 0.00897 moles × 195.08 g/mol = 1.75 g
Therefore, the mass of 5.40 × 1021 platinum atoms is approximately 1.75 grams.
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in a cell protein synthesis is the primary function of
The cell theory was A. developed by Robert Hooke. B. developed before microscopes were invented. C. developed only after electron microscopes became widely used. D. developed by many scientists over many years.
Answer: D. Developed by many scientists over many years
Explanation: this is the correct answer
What is the chemical name for a compound with the formula ba3n2?
The chemical name for a compound with the formula Ba3N2 is barium nitride.
Barium nitride is composed of the element barium (Ba) and the element nitrogen (N). The subscript "3" indicates that there are three barium atoms, and the subscript "2" indicates that there are two nitrogen atoms in the compound.
The naming of ionic compounds, such as barium nitride, follows a specific pattern. The name of the cation (positively charged ion) is stated first, followed by the name of the anion (negatively charged ion).
Thus, the name "barium nitride" accurately describes the composition of the compound Ba3N2, indicating that it consists of three barium atoms and two nitrogen atoms bonded together.
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The bond between oppositely charged ions is a(n) ______ bond.
a.ionic
b.polar
c.hydrogen
d.covalent
As element of group 1 on the periodic table are considered in order of increasing atomic radius, the ionization energy of each successive element generally, A. Decreases B. Remains the same C. Increases
Answer:
The ionization energy of each successive element generally decreases
Explanation:
The ionization energy increases in the periods of the periodic table and decreases in the groups. If the atom is very small, we will need a lot of energy to release the electron, while if the atom is larger the energy will be greater.
As the atomic radius increases, the ionization energy of the elements ; ( A )
DecreasesAs we move across the periods in the periodic table ,the ionization energy of the elements increases relatively, while as we go down the Groups in the periodic table the atomic radius increases while the ionization energy decreases as well.
Therefore the elements of group 1 on the periodic table will experience a decrease in ionization energy as we go down the group.
Hence we can conclude that as the atomic radius increases, the ionization energy of the elements will decreases.
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What does it mean when substance are move against a concentration gradient?
The average kinetic energy of the particles in an object is directly proportional to its
a. heat.
b. volume.
c. temperature.
d. potential energy.
Answer: c) temperature
Explanation:
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion.
Average kinetic energy is defined as the average of the kinetic energies of all the particles present in a system. It is determined by the equation:
[tex]K=\frac{3RT}{2}[/tex]
From above, it is visible that kinetic energy is directly related to the temperature of the system. So, if temperature is more, average kinetic energy of the system is more and vice-versa.
Name the stellar process in which the fusion of hydrogen produces other elements.
Nucleosynthesis is the stellar process in which the fusion of hydrogen produces other elements, such as helium. This process occurs through the proton-proton chain reaction in stars like the Sun.
Explanation:The stellar process in which the fusion of hydrogen produces other elements is called nucleosynthesis. During nucleosynthesis, hydrogen nuclei (protons) combine to form helium nuclei in a process known as the proton-proton chain reaction. This is an important example of nuclear fusion that occurs in the Sun and other stars, and it is responsible for the production of energy and the creation of heavier elements.
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Magnesium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce magnesium nitride: 3 mg + n2→ mg3n2 in a particular experiment, a 10.1-g sample of n2 reacts completely. the mass of mg consumed is ________ g.
The mass of Mg consumed is approximately 26.28 g.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium (Mg) and nitrogen ([tex]\rm N_2[/tex]) to produce magnesium nitride ([tex]\rm Mg_3N_2[/tex]) is:
[tex]\rm \[3 \text{Mg} + \text{N}_2 \rightarrow \text{Mg}_3\text{N}_2\][/tex]
Given:
Mass of [tex]\rm N_2[/tex] = 10.1 g
Molar mass of [tex]\rm N_2[/tex] = 28.02 g/mol (molar mass of nitrogen)
Using stoichiometry, we can determine the moles of [tex]\rm N_2[/tex]:
Moles of [tex]\rm N_2[/tex] = Mass / Molar mass = 10.1 g / 28.02 g/mol ≈ 0.3602 mol
From the balanced equation, we see that 3 moles of Mg react with 1 mole of [tex]\rm N_2[/tex] to produce 1 mole of [tex]\rm Mg_3N_2[/tex].
Therefore, the moles of Mg consumed are: Moles of Mg = 3 * Moles of [tex]\rm N_2[/tex] = 3 * 0.3602 mol = 1.0806 mol
The molar mass of Mg is 24.31 g/mol (molar mass of magnesium), so the mass of Mg consumed is:
Mass of Mg = Moles of Mg * Molar mass = 1.0806 mol * 24.31 g/mol ≈ 26.28 g
Therefore, the mass of Mg consumed is approximately 26.28 g.
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In this reaction, 3 mg of magnesium reacts with nitrogen gas to produce magnesium nitride. The mass of Mg consumed is 26.3 g.
Explanation:In the given reaction, 3 mg of magnesium reacts with nitrogen gas (N2) to produce magnesium nitride (Mg3N2). To determine the mass of Mg consumed, we need to calculate the molar mass of Mg and the molar ratio between Mg and N2. The molar mass of Mg is 24.31 g/mol. Since the balanced equation shows a 3:1 ratio between Mg and N2, we divide the mass of N2 (10.1 g) by the molar mass of N2 (28.01 g/mol) to get the moles of N2 and then multiply that by the molar ratio to find the moles of Mg consumed. Finally, we multiply the moles of Mg consumed by the molar mass of Mg to get the mass consumed.
Calculation:
Mass of N2 = 10.1 g
Molar mass of N2 = 28.01 g/mol
Moles of N2 = (mass of N2) / (molar mass of N2) = 10.1 g / 28.01 g/mol = 0.3608 mol
Moles of Mg consumed = (moles of N2) x (molar ratio) = 0.3608 mol x 3/1 = 1.0824 mol
Mass consumed = (moles of Mg consumed) x (molar mass of Mg) = 1.0824 mol x 24.31 g/mol = 26.3 g
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The pk1, pk2, and pkr for the amino acid glutamate are 2.1, 9.5, and 4.1, respectively. at ph 11.0, glutamate would be charged predominantly as follows:
What subatomic particle is responsible for combining the atoms together to form a new substance?
Answer : Electrons.
Explanation : The subatomic particle which is responsible for combining the atoms together to form a new substance is ELECTRON.
Electrons are negatively charged tiny particles which are found outside the nucleus and is one of the three subatomic particles. These are responsible for formation of new substance through transfer or sharing of electrons between the atoms of the elements. Mainly the outermost revolving electrons are the ones which undergoes transformation and forms new substance. It influences many physical and chemical properties of the substances.
The blue color in some fireworks occurs when copper chloride is heated to approximately
How did atomists describe fire?