Correct matches are:
1. pair of identical chromosomes (chromosomes that contain the same genes) from each parent, which all organisms produced by sexual reproduction receive -- Homologous pair
2. period between two periods of mitosis -- Interphase
3. the process involving the division of the nucleus in a reproductive cell; cell division in which the daughter cells have fewer chromosomes than the parent cell; responsible for genetic recombination -- Meiosis
4. the stage in the first meiotic division in which the homologous chromosomes line up as a pair, forming a tetrad of chromatids at the equator of the cell -- Metaphase 1
5. the stage in the second meiotic division in which the chromatid pair lines up at the equator of the cell -- Metaphase 2
Answer:
1. homologous pair
2. Interphase
3. Meiosis
4. Metaphase I
5. Metaphase II
Explanation:
1. Homologous chromosomes are similar but non-identical chromosomes received from each parent. The pair of chromosomes are similar in the sense that they contain the same genes but non-identical because they may contain different alleles. Each pair is contributed by each parent.
2. Interphase is regarded as the resting stage of the cell cycle. It is the stage where the cell is not dividing but rather preparing for the next round of division, hence, it is the between stage of two successive divisions. It consists of three stages G1, S and G2 stages. These three stage generally involves cell enlargement, DNA replication, and organnelles replication etc.
3. Meiosis is a kind of division that results in four daughter cells with each having a reduced number of chromosomes (by half) as the parent cell. Meiosis is the cell division employed by sexually-reproducing organisms to produce gametes (sperm and egg). Meiosis also increases the chance of genetic diversity due to the crossing-over or recombination that occurs in its prophase stage.
4. Since meiosis reduces the chromosomal number, it occurs in a two-step division process viz: Meiosis I and II. In the prophase stage of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes from each parent lies side by side to form a TETRAD or BIVALENT structure. These TETRAD structure is later aligned at the equator of the cell by the spindle microtubules. Note that, homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis I.
5. In meiosis II, sister chromatids, which are replicated chromosomes align at the equator of the cell during the Metaphase stage. This makes meiosis II similar to mitosis because sister chromatids are involved. Note that, sister chromatids separate during meiosis II.
Gene therapy is a way doctors can treat a disease by inserting a healthy gene into a patient's cells, instead of using drugs or surgery. The new version of the gene helps the patient's body fight the disease. Gene therapy is A) considered a very safe technique. B) still being researched and is not used on humans. C) still being tested and is used for diseases that have no cure. D) used frequently today to prevent many common childhood diseases.
The answer is; C
Gene therapy is still not considered safe and has not been approved for humans, especially due to errors in inserting of DNA at the target site and also random relapse of the DNA from its inserted site. Gene therapy, however, can be sanctioned when its benefits outweigh its risks such as in terminally ill patients - with the approval of the patient and local relevant policies/authorities. Gene therapy, today, is being tested with innovative tools called CRISPR/Cas9.
Answer: C) still being tested and is used for diseases that have no cure.
Explanation: It is considered as risky and is only used for diseases with no cures. It's not used for those diseases with many cures and it is not safe.