Patients are given a drug treatment and then evaluated. symptoms either improve, degrade or remain the same with probabilities 0.4, 0.1, 0.5, respectively. assume that four independent patients are treated and let x and y denote the number of patients who improve or degrade. are x and y independent? calculate the covariance and the correlation between x and y.

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Answer 1

Final answer:

The variables x and y, representing the number of patients who improve or degrade after drug treatment, respectively, are not independent. Calculating the covariance and correlation between x and y requires additional joint distribution data or specific outcomes, which are not provided.

Explanation:

Patients are given a drug treatment and then evaluated, with symptoms either improving, degrading, or remaining the same with probabilities of 0.4, 0.1, and 0.5, respectively. When evaluating the independence of two variables, x and y, which denote the number of patients who improve or degrade, respectively, we must consider the joint probability distribution of these two variables. Since the outcome for each patient is categorized into one of three mutually exclusive categories (improve, degrade, remain the same), an improvement for one patient influences the total number of possible degradations, and vice versa. Thus, x and y are not independent. To calculate the covariance between x and y, we recognize that because these events are not independent, the covariance is not zero. However, without specific probability distributions that detail the joint occurrence of x and y, we cannot directly calculate covariance without making assumptions or having further data. Generally, covariance is calculated as Cov(x,y) = E[(x-μx)(y-μy)] where E is the expectation, and μ represents the mean values of x and y, respectively. Correlation, often denoted as Pearson's r, measures the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables. Like covariance, without detailed joint distribution data or specific outcomes, we cannot provide a numerical calculation here. The correlation formula is ρ = Cov(x,y) / (σxσy), where σ represents the standard deviations of x and y. The correlation would provide insight into how changes in the number of patients who improve are linearly related to changes in the number of patients who degrade, pending the necessary data.


Related Questions

On october 4, 2017, terry corporation had credit sales transactions of $2,500 from merchandising having a cost of $1,900. the entries to record the day's credit transactions include

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I believe that this problem has the following choices:

 

> a debit of $2,500 to Merchandise Inventory.

> a credit of $2,500 to Sales.

> a debit of $1,900 to Merchandise Inventory.

> a credit of $1,900 to Cost of Goods Sold.

 

The correct answer from the choices is:

> a credit of $2,500 to Sales

 

 

Lisa and mandy have a contract. mandy wants out of the contract; carla sue is willing to take mandyís place, which is satisfactory with lisa. when the carla sue for mandy exchange is made, this is known as:

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This is a novation. In this case, Mandy is being replaced in her obligation with Carla Sue. The obligations that were present in the first contract will now all transfer to Carla Sue. The difference between a novation and an assignment is that all parties have to be aware of the transfer and have agreed to it beforehand.

If the market price of each camera case is $8 what is the profit-maximizing quantity? 300 units 400 units 500 units 600 units

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Profit will be maximum for the firm where marginal revenue = marginal cost.

Since, the market price is fixed at $8 and therefore each additional unit of camera will be sold at $8.
Hence, marginal revenue = $8.

From the table, it is clear that cameras are manufactured in batches of 100.

Marginal cost is the cost incurred to produce one additional unit of camera. It will be calculated by taking the difference of successive variable costs (or total costs) divided by 100.

To produce 400th unit, marginal cost = (2760 - 1960)/100 = $8

Hence, profit maximising quantity isB. 400 (MR = MC)

Final answer:

The profit-maximizing quantity cannot be determined from the given information.

Explanation:

The profit-maximizing quantity is determined by finding the quantity where marginal revenue (MR) equals marginal cost (MC).

In the given information, there is no specific mention of marginal revenue or marginal cost. Without this information, it is not possible to accurately calculate the profit-maximizing quantity.

Therefore, it is not possible to determine the profit-maximizing quantity from the given information.

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Can an indifference curve be downward sloping in one section, but then bend backward so that it forms a "hook" at the end of the indifference curve?

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Suppose that an indifference curve slopes upward. If​ so, then the consumer could be indifferent between two bundles that lie on the same indifference​ curve, although one of the bundles would contain more of both consumption goods. ​ Therefore, if an indifference curve has a​ hook, sloping​ upward, then that​ consumer's preferences will violate the assumption of​ more-is-better. Cannot form a hook because it then would be upward sloping.

Stein co. issued 14-year bonds two years ago at a coupon rate of 9.2 percent. the bonds make semiannual payments. if these bonds currently sell for 107 percent of par value, what is the ytm?

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CorrectThe direction of the electric field stays the same regardless of the sign of the charges that are free to move in theconductor.Mathematically, you can see that this must be true since the expression you derived for the electric field isindependent of .Physically, this is because the force due to the magnetic field changes sign as well and causes positive charges tomove in the direction (as opposed to pushing negative charges in the direction). Therefore the result isalways the same: positive charges on the side and negative charges on the side. Because the electric fieldgoes from positive to negative charges will always point in the direction (given the original directions of

Areas set up to attract foreign investments by allowing the iportation of raw and intermediate materials without paying tariffs are called

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Areas set up to attract foreign investments by allowing the importation of raw and intermediate materials without paying tariffs are called "duty-free zones".

Kelli is a software engineer for an electronics firm. she reports to the manager of software engineering but also works on a new product development team and reports to the team leader in that capacity. based on this​ information, it would appear that​ kelli's firm has a​ _______ structure.

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Based on this information, it can be concluded that Kelli's firm has a MATRIX structure.
Matrix structure refers to an organization structure in which the reporting relationships are set up as a matrix, that is, employees usually have dual reporting relationships, one to a functional manager and the other to a product manager.

Approximately what percentage of state and local expenditures do bond referenda account for?

Answers

Bond referenda are more the exception than the rule. Bond referenda account for less than l percent of state and local expenditures.In the United States, direct expenditures for governments between 1933 and 1943. So One percentage of state and local expenditures do bond referenda account for.

Tennis rackets can be purchased for $60 each from an outside vendor. it costs the manufacturer $80 a piece to produce them, of which 30% is unavoidab

Answers

The rest of your question:
 
unavoidable fixed overhead cost. What are the relevant costs for this decision? Based only these costs, which option should the company choose?
The answer:
Relevant cost to make and Buy.

Jack graduated from enormous state university with a degree in accounting. he was immediately hired as an auditor by beene kounter associates and placed in their management training program. this program is an example of:

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Final answer:

The management training program that Jack participates in at Beene Kounter Associates is an example of on-the-job training, where the employer educates the employee about the necessary skills to perform their job while they are actually working.

Explanation:

In the context of the case provided, Jack's experience at Beene Kounter Associates is an example of on-the-job training. Specifically, it's a structured management training program, which means his employer teaches him how to effectively perform his job while he is actually working. This is a common practice in many industries, particularly those like accounting that require a specific set of skills.

Although college students have the opportunity to choose any major, they tend to choose those that offer immediate opportunities to earn money when they graduate, such as accounting. Gaining job-specific skills directly from an employer can provide a richer learning experience and faster career progression, as opposed to classroom education alone.

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Jack's placement in the management training program at Beene Kounter Associates is an example of a management training program, aimed at developing his skills for a future management role.

Jack graduated with a degree in accounting and was hired as an auditor by Beene Kounter Associates, where he was placed in their management training program. This program is an example of a management training program, which is designed to help new employees develop the skills needed to be successful in management roles within a company. Such programs often encompass a range of training activities including practical work experience, mentoring, and structured learning sessions.

Amalia really wanted that new position at work and knew that in order to get it she would have to increase her skill set and shadow a fellow​ worker, stan, to learn some new processes.​ however, every time amalia decided that she had a few minutes to shadow stan she would get caught up in something else and the opportunity would pass.​ amalia's failure to shadow stan so far speaks to her​ _______________.

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Amalia’s failure to shadow stan so far speaks to her direction. Amalia speak to her direction for wanting to promote to a better position at work and knew that in order to reach it she would have extra work and increase her skill set and ask for stan, her fellow worker, to learn some new process. 

What do physical anthropologists call the taxonomic group that includes humans and humanlike ancestors, excluding living nonhuman primates?

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Hominidae is the taxonomic group that anthropologist called. It includes human and humanlike ancestors, excluding living non-human primates. 
Hominidae includes only humans and their extinct relative, and the great apes were placed in a different family. Their share complex cognitive marks, for example, they know how to recognize themselves in mirrors it is the ability if self-awareness.

Identify and briefly discuss three criticisms of beta as used in the capital asset pricing model

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The main issues concerning beta in a capital asset pricing model involve the lack of expertise that often accompanies the beta. Even with experience and standing in the industry, beta can still be wildly off-place even from the most respected of sources. Another big concern is that most beta uses an incomplete data set to assess a pricing model. Simulations are often a better way to collect accurate estimates.
Final answer:

Beta is critiqued on the basis that it relies on historical data to predict future risks, fails to consider market changes, and presumes a consistent risk-reward relationship.

Explanation:

The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) uses beta to measure the volatility of an asset in relation to the market. However, there are several criticisms of using beta. First, beta assumes that historical volatility predicts future risk, which may not always be accurate as past performance is not always indicative of future results. Second, beta does not account for changing market conditions or structural changes within a firm that may affect its risk profile. Third, it presumes that the risk-reward relationship is linear and consistent, which might not hold in real-world scenarios where asset returns can behave in a more complex manner.

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What possible sources of error could affect the accuracy of your calculated value of the amount of solid in your hand warmer?

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There are numerous sources of error as to the acquiring of the amount of solid in the hand warmer. First, we have to be accurate first with the measurement. The inaccuracy from the measuring tool itself can be a factor. 

Another thing is that the rounding off of the given measurements to their nearest numbers can also be a factor. The error may also be attributed to the human error. 
Final answer:

Possible sources of error include limitations of the measuring device, the skill of the person making the measurement, and irregularities in the object being measured.

Explanation:

There are several possible sources of error that can affect the accuracy of the calculated value of the amount of solid in a hand warmer:

Limitations of the measuring device: The measuring device used to determine the amount of solid in the hand warmer may have a certain level of uncertainty or error associated with it. For example, if the balance used to measure the mass of the solid has a limited precision, it can affect the accuracy of the calculated value.The skill of the person making the measurement: The accuracy of the calculated value can also be influenced by the person performing the measurement. Human errors, such as misreading the measurements or not following the procedure correctly, can introduce inaccuracies.Irregularities in the object being measured: The hand warmer itself may have irregularities or variations in the distribution of the solid material, which can affect the accuracy of the calculated value.

The ability of rfid to make shopping easy for a​ store's customers by automating the​ check-out process creates value for the store​ by:

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It locks-in the customers. The customer feels that they get a better and faster experience at the store with RFID-enabled card readers, so they feel compelled to return in the future. This creates repeat business and, likely, higher profits for the company.

"alice purchased a new computer from compu-best, a local computer store. she used the computer for a week when the computer began to malfunction. she returned it to the store, where the store manager assured her that he could repair what he called a "minor problem" in the computer. two months had passed and alice had already returned the computer five times for repair. alice finally gave up and demanded her money back. under these circumstances: "

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Under these circumstances ALICE SHOULD BE ENTITLED TO REVOKE HER ACCEPTANCE BECAUSE SHE ACCEPTED THE GOOD BECAUSE OF THE ASSURANCE BY THE SELLER THAT THE NON CONFORMITY WOULD BE CURED.
Alice has the right to ask for her money back, this is because she was promised that the system will be put in a working condition for her but the local store has refused to do that and Alice had actually returned the system several time without the store been able to repair the fault. The local store has not kept his own part of the bargain and Alice is entitled to back out of the contract. 

To apply the techniques of process management, processes must be _____.

Answers

They must be complete

Aditya is attempting to classify information regarding a new project that his organization will undertake in secret. which characteristic is not normally used to make these type of classification decisions?

Answers

Threat is not normally considered as a characteristic. Value of the project, the sensitivity of it, and how critical the project is to completion and maintenance are all characteristics that are considered, but since anything could likely be considered a threat to the project, it is simply understood that this characteristic is part of the secret project.

If martha leveraged a(n) __________ branding strategy to grow her overall business, she might develop a line of imported flavored teas and sell them at the local college town food cooperative using the college town name for the new product line.

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The answer would be "private" branding

The _____ is a legal document that lists and explains the terms of the partnership

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A contract is a legal document between partners.

If the total warehousing cost for the year amounts to $450,000, and 40 percent of the warehousing activity is associated with finished goods and 60 percent with direct materials, how much of the cost would be charged as a product cost?
a. $270,000

Answers

The answer is A. $270,000.

Your inheritance will pay you $100,000 a year for five years beginning now. you can invest it in a cd that will pay 7.75 percent annually. what is the present value of your inheritance? (round to the nearest dollar.)

Answers

The present values of inheritance is $138750, because the inheritance is invested in CD that will pay 7.75 percent annually for five years. Therefore additional amount can be calculated as additional amount on Inheritance= (Principle value of inheritance 100000* rate the CD will pay 7.75 * no of years 5 ) / 100= $38750 Total Inheritance= principle inheritance 100000 + additional amount on inheritance 38750=$138750

Becky fenton has 65/130/75 automobile insurance coverage. if two other people are awarded $110,000 each for injuries in an auto accident in which becky was judged at fault, how much of this judgment would the insurance cover?

Answers

Becky could be held personally responsible for any award over her policy limits. In this case, Becky could be held responsible for the remaining $45,000 to each injured party since $110,000 - $65,000 = $45,000.

​nyoko signs a covenant not to compete with her employer, midstate distribution, inc. the covenant will be enforced if it ​does not require either party to obtain a business license. ​is reasonable with respect to geographic area and duration. ​relieves midstate from liability for any injury to nyoko due to simple negligence. ​none of the choices.

Answers

A non-compete covenant is a type of covenant that is a contractual promise between two parties where one party agrees not to compete with the other part in similar business for a specified period of time and geographic area. Non-compete covenants are enforceable when they are found to be reasonable according to the time period and geographic area limitations. The restriction must protect a legitimate business purpose and not be excessive in that protection.

A researcher became a chef with a resort hotel chain for six months to observe food-handling practices. he saw food preparers using the same towel to wipe their hands, the counter, the food slicer, and cooking utensils during one food preparation session. in addition, he found the chefs tasted the food using their fingers. the researcher used _____ research to determine that more monitoring is needed to make sure that food handlers comply with sanitary regulations.

Answers

The researcher has used observational research - a type of research where behavioral patterns and routines are continuously observed and monitored to draw conclusions relevant to the research goal. This kind of research is normally done in scenarios involving people and social groups. It involves observing people in their natural setting.

The demand for gold toe socks is likely to be more elastic than the demand for power tools because:

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The demand for gold toe socks is likely to be more elastic than the demand for power tools because, generally speaking, power tools would be a bit more expensive than gold toe socks would be, and they also may have more substitutes than power tools would have.

The demand for gold toe socks is likely to be more elastic than the demand for power tools because the gold toe sock has more substitutes than the power tools

Further Explanation:

Price Elasticity: It measures the sensitivity of the demand for the services and goods to the change prices. If the demand is elastic then, the small change in price will result in the change in demand. If the demand is elastic then, the change in price will not effect the demand of the commodity.

The number of subsitutes available effects the elasticity of demand. If the number of subsitutes available is more then, demand will be elastic or vice versa. In the case of gold toe sock, there are many substitutes available that can replace the gold toe sock so the demand is elastic. But the  

demand for power tools is less elastic because it has fewer subsitutes.

Learn more:

1. Demand and type of goods

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2. Demand and supply of goods

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3. Elasticity of demand

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Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Economics

Chapter: Elasticity of demand

 

Keywords: The demand for gold toe socks is likely to be more elastic than the demand for power tools because, the gold toe sock has more substitutes than the power tools.

An example of global outsourcing is seen when gap, inc uses low-cost caribbean labor to cheaply produce its clothing, and then finishes off and sells its clothing in the united states.

Answers

This is true- it is an example of global outsourcing. Global outsourcing is when a company sends jobs to locations across the globe, where they can get away with hiring more workers and paying them less than they would have to in America. They take advantage of the lack of labor laws and human rights.

Global outsourcing is when companies seek cost savings by hiring firms abroad, often to access lower-wage labor markets, demonstrated by Gap, Inc.'s use of Caribbean labor. While cost-efficient for companies, it leads to job losses and poor working conditions in many cases. The garment industry, particularly in regions like Quebec, is a clear example of the drastic shifts and challenges posed by global outsourcing.

Global Outsourcing in Business

Global outsourcing refers to the practice where a company in a developed country hires an outside firm, which can be located abroad, to perform tasks that were previously done internally. This process is driven by the search for cost savings, often taking advantage of lower labor costs in other countries. The example of Gap, Inc. using low-cost Caribbean labor to produce clothing, which is then sold in the United States, showcases this business strategy. Global outsourcing is linked to offshoring, where a company physically moves its operations overseas to capitalize on cheaper labor markets.

Outsourcing became significantly prevalent with globalization and the establishment of trade agreements like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), enabling companies to save costs by manufacturing in countries like Mexico and still sell their goods in their home markets like the U.S. Despite its financial benefits to companies, outsourcing has led to various issues like the loss of jobs in developed countries, the rise of sweatshops with deplorable working conditions, and wage exploitation in developing countries.

The garment industry is a telling example of the impact of global outsourcing. In the past, regions like Quebec in Canada were the hub for garment manufacturing. However, the entry of low-cost labor from developing countries has virtually eliminated these local industries, compelling workers in developed nations to find alternative employment or retrain for different sectors of the economy.

What might explain the decline in trust during this time? explain the decline in trust both in terms of the "moral trust" and "rational trust" views?

Answers

I think the decline of people's trust towards the government is based on the moral trust. Moral trust is defined as how the people look at trust the government while the rational trust is often done by one individual. He tallies and examines whether or not the government should be trusted. People would trust the government on how they answer to their queries and help them solve issues and problems that they are facing. 

Bart is ready to look for a site for his new business. to help him in his search he should:

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Bart should consult a small business development office where he can have the technical assistance in searching for desired site for his business as well as other technical issues can be resolved. He can also use site selection software to personally make sure the right kind of features and choices for his site.

what are the five main columns of a journal?

Answers

The general journal is used to track categories of transactions and includes all company transaction. All journal entries are recorded in the general journal.
The five main columns of a journal are: date, account titles, posting reference, debit, and credit columns.
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