Answer:
Autotrophs are organisms, such as plants, that can make their own food.
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Organic matter is essential in soil for it to be able to produce vegetation. What roles do organic matter play in making soil viable? Select all that apply. 1Points A aerating the soil B hydrating the soil C preventing pest infestation D providing nutrients through excrement and dead tissue
Organic matter in soil helps in aerating the soil, retaining water, and providing nutrients through the decomposition of dead tissue and waste material. However, it does not directly contribute to pest prevention.
Explanation:Organic matter plays several crucial roles in fostering a rich, productive soil environment. Some of these roles include:
Aerating the soil: Organic matter helps to improve the soil's structure by creating space for air and water, which is essential for plant roots and soil organisms. Hydrating the soil: Organic materials absorb water like a sponge, thus retaining it in the soil. This capacity helps plants access water during dry periods. Providing nutrients through excrement and dead tissue: As organic matter decomposes, it releases nutrients into the soil, which can then be taken up by plants. This makes organic matter a vital component of the soil nutrient cycle.
However, it's important to note that organic matter does not directly prevent pest infestations. Pest control is often related to a diversity of plant species, utilization of natural predators, and other strategies.
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which type of coal has the highest energy yield, and which type of coal is the most common in the United States.
Answer:
Coal that has the highest energy yield is anthracite. Also known as hard coal, it has a high carbon content approximately 98% and few impurities. This type of coal is mostly found in the eastern part of the USA, and small amounts can be found in South Africa, Australia, China and Canada.
The type of coal most common in the United States of America is Bituminous, this type of coal is used to generate electricity and make iron and steel. It is also called soft coal, it is a sedimentary rock formed through chemical and physical changes of the sediment rock as well as sub metamorphic compression of peat bog material.
Explanation:
Timothy has attached earlobes like his maternal grandfather. His mother and father both have free earlobes, which are dominant. Which statement best explains how Timothy inherited attached earlobes? F He received a dominant allele from his mother and a recessive allele from his father. G He received a dominant allele from each parent. H He received a recessive allele from his mother and a dominant allele from his father. J He received a recessive allele from each parent.
its H because his maternal grandfather is on his moms side of the family and has the recessive allele not his grandfather on his dad's side
An enzyme is a protein that A)transports nutrients across a membrane B) increases the rate of a chemical reaction C)receives and sends signals across a cell D)provides structure for the cell's organelles
An enzyme is a catalyst for chemical reactions. Catalyst means that it "speeds up" something. This means that the answer is:
B) Increases the rate of a chemical reaction
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~Just a girl in love with Shawn Mendes
The diagram shows the female reproductive system. What structure is indicated by the arrow?
Arrow is pointing to the cavity in the center of the female reproductive system, to which the fallopian tubes and the vagina lead.
Cervix
Ovary
Uterus
Vagina
Final answer:
The structure indicated by the arrow in the diagram of the female reproductive system is the uterus, a pear-shaped muscular organ that is central to pregnancy, menstruation, and childbirth.
Explanation:
The structure indicated by the arrow in question, which points to the cavity in the center of the female reproductive system, is the uterus. The uterus is a pear-shaped muscular organ that is connected to the Fallopian tubes at its upper end, and it connects to the vagina through the cervix at its lower end. The primary function of the uterus is to nourish and carry a fetus during pregnancy, and it plays a vital role in the menstrual cycle and childbirth process. The other options, such as the ovary, which produces eggs and secretes estrogen, and the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus, are different parts of the female reproductive system.
If the environment were to change dramatically
or if a new plant disease were to be introduced,
which plant species would be the most likely to
have individuals that could survive the disease?
(1) Species A
(3) Species
(2) Species
(4) Species D
Final answer:
The plant species with the greatest genetic diversity, which in this case is Genus B, would most likely survive a new disease due to a higher chance of having advantageous traits. Option 3.
Explanation:
If a new plant disease were introduced or if there was a dramatic environmental change, the plant species most likely to have individuals survive the disease would be the one with the greatest genetic diversity. According to the information provided, Genus B has greater genetic diversity compared to Genus A, which means Genus B is more likely to have traits that confer an advantage in a new environment. Moreover, it is suggested that plant species that are pest-resistant such as those that could thrive in warm temperatures may have a better chance of survival in certain climate changes.
Considering the other options provided, such as drought resistance in different climates, these qualities are not directly linked to disease resistance. Therefore, they are less relevant when considering a plant species' ability to survive a new plant disease. Additionally, while Species D may have different feeding habits (according to option d provided), this is less relevant to disease resistance.
Ultimately, the adaptive traits that come with greater genetic diversity can provide a buffer against disease by potentially having various resistance genes and mechanisms. Therefore, species within Genus B with greater genetic diversity would be the most likely to survive a plant disease.
Which of the following is not a required process for the survival of animals? A. Elimination of waste B. Movement C. Response to stimuli D. Absorption of nutrients and oxygen
Answer:
B. Movement
Explanation:
Movement is not a required process for the survival of animals.
This means that animals can survive without moving.
For example, during hibernation, a snake survives resting in a particular place without movement.
If a person's movement is confined to zero, the person can still survive, but if absorption of nutrients and oxygen stops, then the person shall die.
Answer:
B. Movement
Explanation:
Which of the following statements is consistent with the principle of competitive exclusion?The random distribution of one competing species will have a positive impact on the population growth of the other competing species.Bird species generally do not compete for nesting sites.Even a slight reproductive advantage will eventually lead to the elimination of the less well adapted of two competing species.Two species with the same fundamental niche will exclude other competing species.Natural selection tends to increase competition between related species.
Answer:
Even a slight reproductive advantage will eventually lead to the elimination of the less well adapted of two competing species
Explanation:
The competitive exclusion describes relationship between two species that compete for the limiting sources, and cannot coexist. It is enough for one species to have slightly advantage to be dominant over the other. As a consequence, other species (the weaker one) will be extincted (shift to a different ecological niche).
The statement consistent with the principle of competitive exclusion is: Even a slight reproductive advantage will eventually lead to the elimination of the less well adapted of two competing species.
Explanation:The statement consistent with the principle of competitive exclusion is: Even a slight reproductive advantage will eventually lead to the elimination of the less well adapted of two competing species.
According to the competitive exclusion principle, when two species compete for the same resources, the one with a slight advantage in reproduction or adaptation will eventually outcompete and eliminate the other species. This is because traits that reduce competition will be selected for, resulting in the more well-adapted species driving the less adapted species to extinction. This process is driven by natural selection.
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Why is it likely that MOST speciation is allopatric?Because disruptive selection between forms of traits in sympatric populations is always very strong.Because vicariance events are common.Because related species are always found in allopatry rather than in sympatry.Because gene flow between populations prevents genetic divergence in sympatry.Because gene flow between diverging populations is strong in allopatry.
Answer:
Because gene flow between populations prevents genetic divergence in sympatry
Explanation:
Allopatric speciation is a form of speciation (creation of new species) that occurs as a result of geographic isolation. This means that a part of population becomes physically separated from the initial main population. There is no gene flow between these two populations and as a result the two populations reach a high level of genetic divergence. They can no longer interbreed which means they become two different species (speciation).
New populations evolve as result of mutation, genetic drift and natural selection.
Sympatric speciation is a form of speciation without geographic isolation, usually due to the reproductive isolation or changes in the chromosomes of the organism.
Most speciation is likely to be allopatric because it involves the geographic separation of populations, restricting gene flow between them and allowing for genetic divergence and the development of new species over time.
Explanation:In most cases, speciation occurs through allopatric speciation, which involves the geographic separation of populations from a parent species and subsequent evolution. This is because isolation of populations is more likely to occur and persist in allopatry than in sympatry. Allopatric speciation can result from events such as dispersal, where a few members of a species move to a new area, or vicariance, where a natural situation physically divides organisms. This geographic separation restricts gene flow between populations, allowing for genetic divergence and the development of new species over time.
This is a tiny fluid-filled cavity in the cytoplasm. It can be used for storage of biochemicals.
Answer:
Vacuole
Explanation:
Vacuole is an membrane-bound organelle of the plants (some animals, fungi and some bacteria). This fluid-filled organelle contains organic and inorganic molecules, some of them are stored while others are phagocytized and ready for the excretion. One of the most important function of the plant vacuole is the water storage. Filled with water, vacuole can create turgor pressure which can shape the cell and give it a straight.
Answer:
vacuole
Explanation:
In gel electrophoresis DNA molecules migrate from _____ to _____ ends of the gel.
a, acidic ... basic
b, negative ... positive
c, basic ... acidic
d, long ... short
e, positive ... negative
Answer:
b, negative ... positive
Explanation:
Gel electrophoresis is a method used in molecular biology for DNA analysis. This method includes the separation of DNA fragments through the gel according to their size or shape under the influence of aplid electric current. Since the fragments of DNA are negatively charged, they will move from negative to positive end.
Small fragments will move faster than larger ones.
One of the major source of error is contamination of the DNA sample. This refers to the presence of foreign DNA in the sample of interest. As a consequence, the gel will have more bands.
Another errors might appear as a result of wrong concentration of the gel, wrong buffer pH, high/low concentration of dye etc.
Final answer:
DNA molecules migrate from the negative to the positive end of a gel in gel electrophoresis due to their negative charge.
Explanation:
In gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules migrate from the negative to the positive ends of the gel due to the net negative charge of the phosphate groups in the DNA backbone. This technique separates DNA fragments based on size - smaller molecules navigate through the gel's pores faster than larger ones. Consequently, the correct answer to the student's question is that DNA molecules migrate from negative to positive ends of the gel, which corresponds to option b.
Which organelles contain genetic information that is used for specifying traits of an organism?
Answer:
Nucleus
Explanation:
The nucleus and mitochondria are the primary organelles that contain genetic information for specifying traits. The nucleus houses the majority of genetic material in chromosomes, while mitochondria have their own DNA, typically inherited from the mother.
Explanation:The organelles that contain genetic information used for specifying traits of an organism are mainly the nucleus and the mitochondria. The nucleus houses most of the genetic material in the form of chromosomes, which are long strings of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Sequences of DNA in these chromosomes make up genes that control or partially control visible traits. An organism's DNA and genes largely determine its characteristics.
Mitochondria, another essential organelle, have their own DNA separate from the nucleus. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother and mutates at a rapid rate. This unique characteristic of mitochondrial DNA makes it useful in genetic studies and genealogy tracing.
Both of these organelles, the nucleus, and the mitochondria, play crucial roles in genetic inheritance and the specification of an organism's traits.
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What are similar structures that evolved independently called?
Answer:
Analogous structures
Explanation:
These structures are similar but not derived from the common ancestor like homologous structures. Analogous structures are formed as a result of convergent evolution-type of evolution in which organisms develop on similar way but independently. An example of analogous structures are wings. Birds, insects and bats all have wings, with the same purpose (flight) but they evolved in their own way.
Analogous structures are similar features in different species that have evolved independently due to convergent evolution, such as bat and insect wings. They are not inherited from a common ancestor but are adaptations to similar environmental challenges.
Explanation:Similar structures that evolved independently in unrelated organisms are known as analogous structures. This phenomenon occurs due to convergent evolution, where similar characteristics arise in species that don't share a common ancestor but have adapted to similar environmental challenges. A famous example of analogous structures would be the wings of bats and insects; both allow for flight but emerge from very different evolutionary pathways.
Another example is the adaptation seen in the body shapes and appendages of aquatic animals like fishes and whales. These are unrelated species, yet display similar streamlined forms due to their need to navigate similarly through water. These structures evolved independently to perform the same function, fundamentally illustrating what analogous structures represent in the context of evolutionary biology.
The chemiosmotic hypothesis states that the energy for the production of ATP during photosynthesis comes from
a. the release of protons from water.b. the oxidation of NADP+.c. a proton gradient set up across the thylakoid membrane.d. the oxidation of CO2.e. glycolysis.
Answer:
c. a proton gradient set up across the thylakoid membrane
Explanation:
During the photosynthesis (this also occurs in cellular respiration in mitochondria), hydrogen ions (H+) move across the thylakoid membrane down their electrochemical gradient (from the area of their higher concentration to the area with hydrogen ions lower concentration). An ion gradient can be used for the production of ATP.
The chemiosmotic hypothesis suggests that the ATP in photosynthesis comes from a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane, created by light energy absorbed by chlorophyll, which splits water into protons and electrons.
Explanation:The chemiosmotic hypothesis in photosynthesis states that the energy for the production of ATP comes from a proton gradient set up across the thylakoid membrane. This gradient starts to form when light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in the thylakoid membrane, causing water to split into protons (H+ ions) and electrons. These electrons are passed along an electron transport chain while the protons build up inside the thylakoid space, creating a high concentration of protons within the thylakoid membrane relative to the stroma (outer space). This difference in concentration creates a force (the proton motive force) which drives protons back across the membrane through ATP synthase. The flow of protons through ATP synthase powers the transformation of ADP to ATP.
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What's the waste product of electrons and pyruvate combining in fermentation? A. Sulfuric acid B. Oxalic acid C. Citric acid D. Lactic acid
Answer:
D. Lactic acid
Explanation:
Fermentation takes place When a molecule of glucose is broken down into pyruvate molecules. Fermentation is another source of gaining energy from cellular respiration.
During fermentation, electrons from electron transport chain combine with pyruvate molecules, and this reaction further proceeds in the presence of endogenous organic electron receptors. These organic electron receptors form waste products.
Common products synthesized during fermentation are lactic acid, lactose, and hydrogen. Lactic acid is formed when NADH transfers an electron to pyruvate molecule.
Answer:
lactic acid
Explanation:
Lactic acid fermentation is a type if fermentation that occurs in our body which doesn't require oxygen. In thus process, ATP and glucose is involved and pyruvate is a condensed form of glucose. In this process the lactic acid is also recycled into the pyrvates and is released as a waste product.
the first land plants that appeared 500 million years ago resembled today's...?
For the first four billion years of Earth’s history, continents would have been devoid of all life except microbes.
A double slit arrangement produces interference fringes for yellow sodium light. To produce narrower-spaced..?fringes, should red light or blue light be used?
Answer:
Blue light
Explanation:
Bcoz fringe widht is directly proportional to wavelength of light
And red has longest wavelength
Blue has shortest
What is the largest artery in the human body
Which of the following is the best modern definition of evolution?
A) descent with modification
B) change in the number of genes in a population over time
C) survival of the fittest
D) inheritance of acquired characters
your answer should be A. “descent with modification.”
Mark me brainliest please
Final answer:
The best modern definition of evolution is A) 'descent with modification', as it reflects the process through which species change over generations influenced by the mechanism of natural selection.
Explanation:
The best modern definition of evolution is A) descent with modification. This definition encapsulates the fundamental concept that species change over time, giving rise to new species through the mechanism of natural selection. Charles Darwin, one of the forefathers of the evolutionary theory, defined evolution using this phrase, meaning that while species share a common ancestor, the attributes of their descendants alter over the generations. Therefore, characteristics of offspring differ both from their parents and from one another.
Over many generations, those traits that provide an evolutionary advantage in reproducing and surviving in a given environment are more likely to be passed on, leading to significant changes in a species. This stands in contrast to the incorrect notions of evolution such as C) survival of the fittest or D) inheritance of acquired characters, which don't fully capture the complexity and the genetic basis of evolutionary change.
The binding of a compound to an enzyme is observed to slow down or stop the rate of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. Increasing the substrate concentration reduces the inhibitory effects of this compound. Which of the following could account for this observation?
Competitive inhibition is when an inhibitor reversibly binds to an enzyme at the enzyme active site, competing with the substrate for binding. This type of inhibition is concentration-dependent and can be overcome at higher substrate concentrations.
Explanation:Competitive inhibition is when an inhibitor reversibly binds to an enzyme at the enzyme active site; competing with the substrate for binding. A competitive inhibitor must be a molecule that is structurally similar to the substrate molecule, allowing it to interact with the enzyme active site through similar non-covalent interactions, but it does not, or cannot, undergo the same chemical reaction. When the inhibitor is bound to the active site, it blocks the correct substrate from binding and catalysis from occurring. However, as a reversible inhibitor, it can disassociate from the enzyme eventually allowing for the correct substrate to bind and the catalysis to occur. Because the inhibitor and substrate are in competition for the same active site, inhibition is concentration-dependent. As shown in the below plot of rate of reaction vs. substrate concentration (Figure 19.6.1), the competitive inhibitor slows the rate of reaction, but at higher substrate concentrations, the normal maximum rate can be reached.
Where does the first stage of respiration take place?
It takes place in cytoplasm
Which of the following samples will have the greatest volume at STP?a. 22 g Neb. 22 g Hec. 22 g O2d. 22 g Cl2 e. All have the same V at STP
Answer:
22g of He
Explanation:
Volume of gas at STP is given as :
Volume occupied(dm³) = number of moles x 22.4dm³mol⁻¹
In order to solve this given problem, we would first find the number of moles from the different masses of atoms and molecules given.
Number of moles = [tex]\frac{mass }{Molar mass}[/tex]
Now, let us obtain the molar mass of the given atoms and elements:
For Ne; molar mass is the atomic mass = 20gmol⁻¹
He = 4gmol⁻¹
O₂ = (16 x2)gmol⁻¹ = 32gmol⁻¹
Cl₂ = (35.5x2)gmol⁻¹ = 71gmol⁻¹
Number of moles of Ne = [tex]\frac{22}{20}[/tex] = 1.1mol
Volume occupied by Ne at STP = 1.1 x 22.4 = 24.64dm³
Number of moles of He = [tex]\frac{22}{4}[/tex] = 5.5mol
Volume occupied by He at STP = 5.5 x 22.4 = 123.2dm³
Number of moles of O₂ = [tex]\frac{22}{32}[/tex] = 0.688mol
Volume occupied by O₂ at STP = 0.688 x 22.4 = 15.4mol
Number of moles of Cl₂ = [tex]\frac{22}{71}[/tex] = 0.3099mol
Volume occupied by Cl₂ at STP = 0.3099 x 22.4 = 6.94dm³
Name and discuss a source of error in performing and evaluating gel electrophoresis
Answer:
Contamination of a sample
Explanation:
Gel electrophoresis is a method used in molecular biology for DNA analysis. This method includes the separation of DNA fragments through the gel according to their size or shape.
One of the major source of error is contamination of the DNA sample. This refers to the presence of foreign DNA in the sample of interest. As a consequence, the gel will have more bands.
Another errors might appear as a result of wrong concentration of the gel, wrong buffer pH, high/low concentration of dye etc.
Answer:
Contamination of a Sample
Explanation:
The Miconia plant is not a native plant to Hawaii. Since its introduction into Hawaii 40 years ago, it has become a popular decorative plant. However, this shallow-rooted plant has replaced many of the native deep-rooted plant species and increased the likelihood of landslides on the island. Which is one of the BEST methods of dealing with this invasive plant
a ; The plant should be cross-bred with deeper-rooted plants.
b ; The plant should be shared with the smaller islands.
c ; The plant should be fed to the native livestock on the island.
d ; The plant should be uprooted from all regions in the island.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
A is correct because cross-breeding will allow for deeper roots which in turns decreases the amount of landslides. It isn't B because they aren't doing anything about the plant on that island, not helping anything. For C and D, even if the plant was uprooted or taken out of the ground to be fed to live stock, seeds would still be left in the ground allowing more to grow.
How do unsaturated fatty acids help keep any membrane more fluid at lower temperatures?
Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds which create a bend or 'kink' in their structure, preventing these molecules from condensing closely. This maintains fluidity and prevents the rigidification of cell membranes, particularly at low temperatures. Some cold-dwelling organisms even adapt by increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in their membranes.
Explanation:Unsaturated fatty acids, found predominantly in plant fats and oils, are crucial for maintaining membrane fluidity, particularly at lower temperatures. These compounds feature one or more double bonds in their structures, creating a 'kink' or bend in their carbon chains. This structural irregularity hinders the packing of the fatty acids, sustaining the membrane's fluidity.
At lower temperatures, membranes constituted primarily of saturated fatty acids can become too rigid and may rupture. This is due to the saturated fatty acids' lack of double bonds and straight carbon chains, which allows them to condense closely and create a dense, firm membrane.
On the other hand, the 'kinked' structure of unsaturated fatty acids prevents such tight packing. This causes neighboring phospholipid molecules to be pushed away, resulting in more space between the molecules and increased fluidity, even at lower temperatures.
Many organisms, such as fish, are able to adapt to cold environments by adjusting the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in their membranes in response to decreasing temperatures. This adaptation helps maintain the integrity and functionality of their biological membranes in colder environments.
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a. True
b. False: rodents and rabbits should not be fasted prior to surgery because they are unable to vomit due to their esophageal physiology, unless there are other medical/scientific reasons for doing so.
Answer:
The answer would be: True
Explanation:
The given statement is true.
Explanation:
The surgery procedure in animals differs. In case of animals such as cat or dog, they must not be feed before surgery and must be kept in fasting phase. On contrary in case of rodents and rabbits they must not fast before the surgery unless the medical condition of the animal demands so.
The reason behind feeding before surgery in case of rodent and rabbit is that, it is nutrient obtained from food and water helps in quick recovery of the animals in post operational stage and also it is a tedious process to make them eject out the digested content before surgery due to their esophageal physiology.
Which of these is an example of an extinction that has been witnessed by humans?
The dodo bird is an example of a species whose extinction was witnessed by humans, occurring around 1662 due to hunting and invasive species introduced by humans. Option a is correct.
The dodo bird lived in the forests of Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean, and became extinct around 1662. Humans played a significant role in its extinction by hunting it for meat and introducing invasive species like pigs, rats, and dogs, which preyed on the dodo's eggs and young. This unfortunate event has been recorded in human writings and provides a clear example of how human activities can lead to the extinction of a species.Complete question as follows:
Which of these is an example of an extinction that has been witnessed by humans?
a. Dodo bird
b. Cheetahs
c. Dinosaurs
d. Bacteria
Which of the following real-world examples models linear motion? A. Throwing a rock in the air at a 60-degree angle B. Throwing a rock in the air at a 45-degree angle C. Running 50 m along a straight track D. Running around the curve of a track
Answer:
c is the correct option
Answer:
Option C, Running 50 m along a straight track
Explanation:
Linear motion is one directional motion which requires only one dimension to explain it. This motion is along a straight line.
In all other options either the motion is taking place along a curved path(as in option D) , thereby making it a curvilinear motion or the motion is taking place at some angle (as in option A and B) thereby making it angular motion.
hence, option C is correct.
Which of the following would be an example of a Polygenic trait
A. Attached ear lobe
B. Widows peak
C. Hair color
C.) hair color because it is controlled by many alleles
Answer is C. Hair color
If astronomers discovered a new inner planet in the solar system, which characteristic would it most likely have?
large size
gaseous composition
many moons
fast revolution
Should be FAST REVOLUTION...
Brainly please!
Answer:
Fast revolution
Explanation:
The inner planets are composed of metallic rocks. They have rocky surface. The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. These are very small as compared to outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune). Also, the inner planets have very less moons as compared to outer planets. Outer planets have gaseous composition; mainly of hydrogen and helium.
The inner planets revolve around the sun faster than the outer planets. From Kepler's planetary law, we understand that the closer a planet to a star, faster would be its revolution and smaller would be its orbital period.
Thus, a new inner planet in the solar system would most likely have fast revolution.