which evolved in hominids bipedalism or large brains?
Bipedalism evolved first in early hominids, preceding the development of larger brains. Evidence suggests that early hominins had small brains but were already walking on two legs, indicating that bipedalism is an earlier adaptation in our evolutionary history.
The question revolves around the evolutionary traits of early hominids, specifically which trait evolved first: bipedalism or large brains. The consensus among paleoanthropologists today is that bipedalism preceded the enlargement of the brain in our early ancestors. Bipedalism, or upright walking, is a defining trait that emerged prior to other significant human characteristics, such as increased brain size and dietary changes associated with larger brains and flatter faces with smaller teeth.
Research has indicated that the earliest hominins that walked on two legs had smaller brains and ape-like dentition. An example is Ardipithecus, with a cranial capacity of about 300 cc, which is within the range of nonhuman great apes. This was a significant shift in morphology, requiring considerable anatomical change for efficient bipedal locomotion. However, these adaptations, such as longer legs and changes to the pelvis and foot structure, provided numerous advantages, not least of which was freeing up the hands for other tasks such as carrying tools or food.
Overall, the evidence supports that habitual bipedalism was an early adaptation in the hominin lineage, occurring well before the significant expansion of the brain that characterizes later members of the genus Homo.
In healthy, spontaneously breathing patients, an occasional increase in tidal volume to three or four times the normal level, which normally occurs about six to ten times each hour, is the definition of a:
In healthy, spontaneously breathing patients, an occasional increase in tidal volume to three or four times the normal level, which normally occurs about six to ten times each hour, is the definition of sigh breathing.
What do you mean by Tidal volume?Tidal volume may be defined as the amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs with each respiratory cycle.
The sigh breathing is a superficial breathing technique that utilizes a long exhale with sound when the air leaves the body.
Therefore, the above definition described the process of sigh breathing.
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How many trna nucleotides form an anticodon that will attach to the mrna codon?
An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides found on transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules that pairs with the complementary codon on messenger RNA (mRNA) during translation.
Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon that corresponds to a specific mRNA codon. Therefore, the anticodon on tRNA is composed of three nucleotides that are complementary to the three nucleotides of the mRNA codon.
This three-nucleotide anticodon allows for specific recognition and pairing between the tRNA and mRNA during protein synthesis. To clarify, the anticodon on a tRNA molecule consists of three nucleotides.
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The study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next
Answer:
By the process of heredity. It also uses alleles which are the different forms of a gene for a given trait.
What happens After organic molecules such as Carbohydrates lipids and proteins are consumed
Which of these statements are true about the Mycenaeans
Which is true about acetylcholinesterase? which is true about acetylcholinesterase? agent that blocks ach from binding to cholinergic receptors on the motor end plate enzyme that normally breaks down ach at the motor end plate agent in nerve gas and pesticides that prevents the enzymatic breakdown of acetylcholine neurotransmitter that is secreted by somatic motor neurons at the nmj?
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or acetylhydrolasee is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. It is responsible for inactivating acetylcholine (Ach) when an electrical response of a muscle cell is turned off. Organophosphates are responsible for inhibiting AChE and thus precent inactivation of Ach.
Which statement best describes the plasma membrane of a living plant cell?
The plasma membrane of a living plant cell is a selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer that is fluid and dynamic, allowing it to regulate the entry and exit of substances and to enable important cellular processes and interactions.
Explanation:The plasma membrane of a living plant cell is a critical structure that maintains the cell's homeostasis, defines its boundaries, and determines the nature of its interaction with its environment. This membrane is fluid and selectively permeable, made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, which regulates the passage of substances like organic molecules, ions, and water. Its fluidity allows proteins in the membrane to move to where they are needed, contributing to the dynamic and flexible nature of the plasma membrane, which is essential for processes such as cellular recognition during early tissue and organ formation and during the immune response.
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A plant wilting is an example of what process?
Osmosis. I chose osmosis because when a plant wilts, it means a type of passive transport that occurs when water diffuses through a cell membrane which causes the plant to wilt which means sag or drop down.
How do the sperm cells of nonvascular plants reach the egg cells during reproduction?
The sperm cells are blown by the wind and land on the egg cells.
The sperm cells swim to the egg cells through their watery surroundings.
The sperm cells are forcefully ejected from their capsules to hit the egg cells.
Sperm cells of nonvascular plants use water to swim towards the egg cells; they are motile due to flagella and attracted chemically to the eggs for fertilization. Hence, option 2 is correct.
Nonvascular plants, such as mosses and liverworts, release sperm cells that are equipped with flagella. These flagellated sperm cells are motile and can swim through the water film or droplets that are found in their moist environments. The sperm are chemically attracted to the egg cells and swim towards them to achieve fertilization. This means that for nonvascular plants, water is an essential medium for successful reproductive cycles, unlike some seed plants that use a pollen tube in a process called siphonogamy or rely on pollinators. It's important to note that in these nonvascular plants, reproduction cannot occur without water as the sperm are incapable of reaching the egg cells through wind or being forcibly ejected as they rely on swimming.
How much pesticide will each hawk take in compared to each grasshopper
Final answer:
Hawks are higher in the food chain and are therefore at greater risk of higher pesticide concentrations through biomagnification. Ecosystems with diverse predators experience better natural pest control, reducing the need for pesticides that can harm biodiversity and ecosystem health.
Explanation:
The question posed by the student suggests a focus on the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of pesticides in a food chain. Grasshoppers, which feed directly on treated plants, may ingest certain amounts of pesticides. However, hawks, being higher up in the food chain, may consume multiple grasshoppers and other prey, leading to a higher concentration of pesticides in their bodies through the process of biomagnification. Predatory birds like hawks are particularly susceptible to high levels of pesticide due to their position at the top of the food chain. Studies have shown that pesticide use not only affects pests but also harms non-target species like insects, birds, and bats, leading to a negative impact on biodiversity and ecosystem health. For example, the pesticide DDT, known for its persistence in the environment, resulted in eggshell thinning and population declines in birds of prey, such as eagles and pelicans, until its ban in 1972 in the United States.
Promoting and preserving natural predators and their habitats can enhance natural pest control, benefitting both agriculture and the environment while reducing dependency on chemical pesticides. Ecosystems with diverse natural enemies of pests demonstrate more effective pest control compared to those relying on monocultures of pest predators.
How does acid rain affect aquatic animals?
In a temperate region just north of the U.S.-Mexico border, environmentalists observe a recent influx of aphids into grasslands, forests, and agricultural landfills. These sap-sucking insects are known to transmit plant viruses and are destructive to many cultivated plants. (a) Predict the effect that this influx of aphids will have on producers in the area. (b) Discuss how the influx of aphids can affect the other trophic levels of the ecosystem. Write your response below.
N pea plants there is complete dominance for the trait of flower color. the p allele produces purple flowers and p produces white flowers. a cross of two pea plants which are both heterozygous for flower color will produce offspring with the genotypic ratio
The (weak/strong) attraction of one water molecule to another through those slight charges is called
BIOLOGY 1
How do the plant organs studied relate to organs in the human body?
What was the most important result of the Meireki fire of 1567 in Edo?
The most important result of the Meireki fire of 1567 in Edo, Japan was that it made its rulers realize the dangers of defenestration.
Thousands of people were killed in Meireki fire of 1567 in Edo and two-third part of the city was completely destroyed. The Fire made the rulers to realize the dangers of deforestation and thus they began to make laws to reduce deforestation.
Which is not an infection caused by a fungus?
a. athlete's foot
b. thrush
c. trachoma
d. vaginal yeast infection?
What characteristic of living things is represented by a puffball releasing millions of spores
You observe a microbial colony on glycerol yeast agar. this microbe is likely to be
The resource speaks of the atmosphere as if it were living. In the sense that as the earth's surface is heated by the light from the sun, it is heated unequally. Describe how this heat energy is redistributed globally.
Answer:
5 points thx lol
Explanation:
Viruses have two main structures: a(n) _____ and genetic material.
Early elements of the cell theory followed soon after the development of hooke's light microscope. what does this relationship suggest about the evolution of the cell theory since hooke?
The picture shows the transfer of a molecule across the cell membrane. Which mode of transport is shown in the image
Suppose an enzyme that is involved in cellular respiration is assembled by a ribosome. where will this enzyme need to be transported in order to perform its function?
Groundwater _____.
A: is recharged by precipitation.
B: stays in one place and never moves.
C:is only found in areas with wet climates.
D:exists mostly as underground rivers and lakes.
Final answer:
Groundwater is primarily recharged by precipitation, moves through the subsurface, and is stored in aquifers. It is not confined to just staying in place, wet climates, or existing as underground rivers and lakes.
Explanation:
The correct answer to the question "Groundwater _____" is A: is recharged by precipitation. Groundwater occupies the zone of saturation and moves throughout the subsurface. It is replenished or recharged through processes like infiltration and seepage from surface water as well as precipitation. Contrary to some of the other options given, groundwater does not only stay in one place, nor is it only found in areas with wet climates. It is also not exclusively in the form of underground rivers and lakes but exists primarily in the pores of soil and rock formations known as aquifers. Groundwater plays a crucial role in the hydrologic cycle, contributing to the flow of streams and rivers and serving as a vital source of fresh water for various uses, including drinking and irrigation.
Sometimes happens when a new kind of organism is introduced in an area
Cody is a teenager with a history of leukemia and an enlarged spleen. today he presents with fairly significant left upper quadrant (luq) pain. on examination of this area, a rough grating noise is heard. what is this sound?
If a patient has been exposed to an antigen for the first time, which class of immunoglobulin appears first? hints if a patient has been exposed to an antigen for the first time, which class of immunoglobulin appears first? ige igd igg igm
Strip mining is often involved in the production of