Answer:
C). The early IQ tests lacked validity.
Explanation:
As per the given description, option C displays the most accurate evaluation of the early IQ tests that they lacked validity because these assessments did not consider 'the true educational potential of the person' but rather focused on testing the 'subject's knowledge of the upper-class white....them' that affects the authenticity of the claim and makes it biased. A valid IQ test is demonstrated as the test that emphasizes to examine the actual educational knowledge of the individual who is being tested instead of checking their knowledge on certain pre-defined parameters.
The early IQ tests lacked validity because they did not measure what they claimed to measure across diverse populations. Instead, they were skewed towards a specific cultural group, potentially reflecting culture-specific knowledge of the test developers rather than actual intellectual capacity or potential.
Explanation:The most accurate assessment of the early IQ tests, in light of the concern that they primarily reflected the upper-class white culture of their developers rather than true educational potential, would be that they lacked validity.
Validity in a test refers to the degree to which it measures what it claims to measure. If the early IQ tests were skewed towards a specific cultural group, they would not be a valid measure of 'intelligence quotient' as they would fail to measure this adequately across diverse populations.
In the context of IQ tests, validity specifies whether the test accurately determines someone's potential for academic achievement or intellectual capacity, regardless of their cultural or social background. Hence, if the early IQ tests reflected the culture-specific knowledge of the test developers rather than underlying cognitive abilities, the test's validity would be compromised.
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describe the traditions and customs that developed beyond the control of white authority
The custom of regular community meetings at specified places for discussion of various issues and problems. The conventionally developed tradition of helping the individuals within the community in situations of distress. The custom of rendering aid through the pooling of community resources to the ones in need of the resources. The custom of community cooperation and exhibition of unity.
A client in the emergency department is diagnosed with a communicable disease. When complications of the disease are discovered, the client is admitted to the hospital and placed in respiratory isolation. Which infection warrants airborne isolation?
Answer:
The infection that warrants airborne isolation is that of Measles.
Explanation:
Measles is a serious viral disorder borne by a virus named 'Measles' (the disease has got its name from the virus causing it). Small children who are unvaccinated and pregnant women are the most vulnerable probable victims of measles infection. The disease is highly contagious and spreads through coming in contact with an infected person. The early symptoms are high fever, runny nose, rashes, inflamed eyes, etc.Benjamin has accepted a management position overseas in Japan. He is excited about this opportunity and has been learning about Japanese culture and how his current environment will change. In the context of the dimensions of a global mind-set, Benjamin is most likely using the _____. a. social dimension b. informational dimension c. cognitive dimension d. psychological dimension
Answer:
c. cognitive dimension
Explanation:
When considering the given scenario here, Benjamin is trying to learn the environment and culture of the country he will be going to. This is a cultural-cognitive dimension where social and cultural knowledge is combined with cognitive elements in order to learn something new and to develop an understanding of the new environment. The expansion of individual perception through learning and incorporating the new cultural and environmental knowledge is expanding or using cognitive dimensions.
The strengths perspective is a framework for practice that dictates building on clients' strengths to create positive change.
True/False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
An important approach to helping clients in social work is the strengths perspective. This perspective differs from traditional approaches in that instead of focusing on the clients' shortcomings, it concentrates on the clients' strengths. This approach focuses on using the clients' abilities, talents and resources to help them create positive change.
The Newark Foot Patrol Experiment found that additional foot patrol had what effect?
Answer:
ADDITIONAL FOOT PATROLS DOES NOT HAVE ANY SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON THE OVERALL CRIME RATE IN A COMMUNITY.
Explanation: Newark conducted his experiment between the year 1978 to 1979 where he tried to show the relationship between additional foot patrols and crime rate, and perception,he discovered that the overall crime rate in a given community is not significantly affected by increased or additional foot patrols by law enforcement officers but that there is a significant RELATIONSHIP between FOOT PATROL BY LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS LIKE THE POLICE WITH COMMUNITY RELATION AND PERCEPTION.
Final answer:
The Newark Foot Patrol Experiment demonstrated that additional foot patrol as part of community-oriented policing can reduce crime effectively in targeted areas, thereby promoting better police-community relations and emphasizing the importance of trust and engagement over aggression.
Explanation:
The Newark Foot Patrol Experiment was a research initiative designed to assess the impact of increased foot patrol in urban neighborhoods. One of the main findings of this experiment and subsequent similar studies in law enforcement and community relations was that targeted, community-oriented policing strategies, such as intensive foot patrols in crime hotspots, could significantly reduce crime rates without the negative side effects seen in more aggressive policing tactics like Stop and Frisk or Zero-Tolerance Policing. It also highlighted that building trust and establishing strong ties with the community can increase police legitimacy and effectively reduce crime. This contrasts with approaches that focus on aggressive enforcement and increased arrests, which can lead to community distrust and do not necessarily result in sustained crime reduction.
In summary, additional foot patrol, as part of a broader community-oriented policing effort, has been shown to effectively reduce violent crime in targeted areas. This approach helps in building better police-community relations and reducing crime through a focus on trust and engagement rather than through aggressive enforcement alone.
The amount of flow through a solenoid valve in an automobile's pollution-control system is an important characteristic. An experiment was carried out to study how flow rate depended on three factors: armature length, spring load, and bobbin depth. Four different levels (low, fair, moderate, and high) of each factor were chosen, and a single observation on flow was made for each combination of levels. The resulting data set consisting of how many observation?
Answer:
(a.) The resulting data set consisted of how many observations?
Explanation:
When the professor hops up from the cracked toilet seat, he is pinched on his rear. So now he is much less likely to hop up so quickly because of what contingency?
Question Options:
1) punishment by the removal of a reinforcer (comfortable toilet seat)
2) punishment by the presentation of an aversive condition
3) reinforcement by the presentation of a reinforcer
4) reinforcement by the removal of a reinforcing condition.
Answer: punishment by the presentation of an aversive condition
Explanation: Contingency is an occurrence that happens by chance.
While an aversive condition is the use of a punishment to stop a behaviour.
So, in relation to the question, whenever the professor hops from his seat, he gets pinched because the toilet seat is cracked, this can be related to aversive conditioning.
Final answer:
The professor's experience of being pinched is an example of negative reinforcement, which will likely discourage the behavior of quickly hopping up in the future.
Explanation:
When the professor is pinched on his rear after hopping up from a cracked toilet seat, it's an example of negative reinforcement under the principles of operant conditioning.
The unpleasant pinching sensation acts as a deterrent for the behavior of hopping up too quickly. This incident is a form of contingency, which refers to a future event or circumstance that is possible but cannot be predicted with certainty.
Ritualistic procedures intended to humiliate norm violators and mark them as being moral outcasts of the group to which they once belonged are called ________.
Answer: Degradation Ceremonies
Explanation:
Degradation ceremonies are defined as type of ritual which in which a person's formal identity is taken away from the social group because of violating the norms and practices of that group.This ceremony helps in out-casting an individual who has committed such violation through humiliation.
This ceremony is performed if any person has committed crimes like robbery, murder, any other violent activity which tampers standard and regulation of the group.
Due to rapidly changing demographics, professional school counselors arebeing challenged torespond to the needs of many different U.S. and foreign born groups of minority students.reach more children.change the ways professional school counselors correspondwith parents
Answer:
Respond to the needs of many different U.S. and foreign born groups of minority students.
Explanation:
The United States has, for most of its history, been a multicultural and diverse place. However, this trend has intensified in recent years. Immigrants, as well as minorities, are becoming more common. Moreover, these groups now interact in all areas of society. This change in demographics has meant that professional school counsellors have had to deal with the wider variety of needs of the increasingly diverse population.
Martha is not receptive to new ideas and is unwilling to share ideas with her co-workers. This scenario best illustrates a lack of the _____ element of trust.
Answer: OPENNESS.
This scenario clearly depicts a lack of the openness element of trust.
Elements of trust are openness; reliability; congruence and acceptance.
Openness can be defined as an act of having an accomodating attitude or opinion, i.e receptivity to new ideas, behaviors, cultures, peoples, environments, experiences, etc.,
This definition clearly goes against all that Martha is. Not receptive; unwilling to share ideas.
What is the type of research method that focuses on the relationship between physiological processes and behavior?
A. psychophysiological
B. ethnography
C. experimental
D. case study
Zach's behavior of pushing other children typically occurs on the playground. The playground would be a(n) ________________ setting for Zach's behavior.
a. analogue
b. manipulated
c. natural
d. controlled
Answer:
natural
Explanation:
In research, natural setting refers to the place where subjects can freely act without any intervention by the researchers.
If you want to examine how children behave toward another children, playground will be considered as a 'natural settings'. The use of natural settings tend to provide a set of data that are closer to actual truth if compared to a setting that controlled by the researchers.
North Korea is part of what climate zone? Semiarid Highland Humid Continental Humid Subtropical
PLZZZZZZZZZZ I NEEEEEEEDDDDDDDD HEEEEEEEEELLLLLLPP NOWWWWWWWWWW!
Answer:
North Korea is part of humid continental climate.
Explanation:
This kind of humid continental climate is found in the northern part of hemisphere that lies between the 30° and 60° North in the north-eastern and middle Asia, Europe, and North America. It is mostly experienced in American Midwest and Southern Siberia. These regions with this climatic conditions have extremely colder winters and summer that is extremely hotter. Precipitation in these climatic regions are evenly distributed all around the year. The most common type of vegetation is forest. It also supports a wide range of biome like Coniferous forests, temperature deciduous, temperate evergreen, forests, temperate woodlands, and temperate grasslands.
Which of the following examples would be comparable to the word superiority effect if we were to apply this phenomenon to hearing?
You can identify a particular word more readily if it is embedded in a sentence than if you hear that same auditory stimulus in isolation.
The answer is true
Explanation: You can identify a particular word more readily if it is embedded in a sentence than if you hear that same auditory stimulus in isolation.
In order to make instruction more effective, learners should be required to find additional portrayals of the information which have been presented by the instructor. Learners are expected to then demonstrate their portrayals to one another. Learning from demonstrations is enhanced when learners actively engage in interaction with one another rather than passively observing the demonstration.
Answer: Word-for-word plagiarism
Which of the following is true for the Student Version?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
(Find full Question in attached picture)
Explanation: Plagiarism occurs when you take ideas, words or both from an existing work without attributing credit to the original owner of the work. Word-for-word plagiarism is the copying of seven words or more in the same order without using in-line citation or quoting the copied text.
This student copied "Learning from demonstrations is enhanced when learners actively engage in interaction with one another rather than passively observing the demonstration" without using quotes or in-line citation and he therefore plagiarized word-for-word.
Requiring learners to find additional portrayals of information presented by the instructor and actively engage in interacting with one another during demonstrations can enhance learning in an educational setting.
Explanation:In the context of instruction, requiring learners to find additional portrayals of the information presented by the instructor can enhance learning. When learners actively engage with one another by demonstrating their portrayals and interacting during the demonstrations, learning from the process is further enhanced. This active engagement promotes deeper understanding and retention of the information.
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Susie spent most of the day sitting on her bedroom floor, rocking back and forth. While she was rocking, she would flap both of her hands back and forth. Which of the following extinction procedures is the most appropriate choice?
Answer: Extinction of Behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement.
Explanation: Automatic reinforcement is a person displays certain Behaviors that are not mediated or controlled by external stimuli or forces. It can also be said to be independent and it is also a Behavior that is not (socially oriented) which means it is only COORDINATED by the person displaying such Behaviors. Automatic reinforcement can be positive if the person obtains something positive as a result of the Behaviors or negative when it fails to obtain a favorable response in relation to the Behaviors.
Answer:
The most appropriate extinction procedure is extinction: extinction of Susie’s behavior which has been maintained by automatic reinforcement. Extinction procedure (like positive reinforcement) can be used to gradually reduce her aberrant behavior which is unintentionally and automatically reinforced; on the long run, extinction can eliminate the occurrence of aberrant behavior in the future.
According to the cross-cultural studies on emotion appraisal processes, which of the following universal underlying psychological themes is most likely to elicit the emotion of anger.a. Goal Distructionb. Social Disorderc. None
Answer:
Goal obstruction
Explanation:
In line with the appraisal theories of emotion, emotions are as a result of a series of appraisals of events as a result of either internal or external, and are usually based on the nature of the event. Goal obstruction will most likely elicit anger emotion. Someone may be blamed for obstructing the goal of another individual and this may be seen as unjust and the individual may want to react with a desire to remove the goal obstruction; This stirs up the emotion of anger. In such situation, energy is gathers by the anger is then focused on redressing the assessed wrong.
Archaeological investigations focusing on _______ and _______ provide information on the smaller groups within larger civilizations and the changing social dynamics within societies.
Question options: Race and individuals
Individuals and gender
Individuals and society
Gender and race
Answer: INDIVIDUALS AND GENDER
Explanation: An INDIVIDUAL can be said to be a person considered alone possessing one's own needs, rights and responsibilities rather than as belonging to a group of people. While
A GENDER is a category into which people are divided into masculinity(male) or femininity(female).
In the investigations of the past by excavation and analysis of material remains, smaller groups within larger civilizations can be said to be INDIVIDUALS. and the study of GENDER can be termed as the social dynamics in the society.
Final answer:
Archaeological investigations into ethnicity and social stratification help understand the dynamics of small groups within larger societies, through analysis of material culture and social hierarchy.
Explanation:
Archaeological investigations focusing on ethnicity and social stratification provide information on the smaller groups within larger civilizations and the changing social dynamics within societies. These investigations explore the material culture, like pottery and burial practices, to understand the cultural identities and social hierarchies of past people.
Archaeologists use various methods such as settlement analysis, traded goods analysis, and burial analysis to uncover these social dynamics. The findings from such research contribute to a deeper understanding of how individuals and communities lived, organized themselves, and interacted within their environment.
(a.) Give three different examples of concrete populations and three different examples of hypothetical populations.(b.) For one each of your concrete and your hypothetical populations, give an example of a probability question and an example of an inferential statistics question.
Answer: it’s below with explanation and examples
Final answer:
Examples of concrete populations include students in a particular school, trees in a specific forest, and patients at a certain clinic. Examples of hypothetical populations might involve the imaginable group of all possible outcomes when a die is rolled, potential birth weights of infants in a certain hospital next year, or the range of possible times it takes for a commuter to travel to work. A probability question for a concrete population could be "What is the probability that a randomly selected student from a school is part of the debate club?" An inferential statistics question for this population might be "Based on a sample, can we infer whether the average grade of students in the school has improved over the past year?" For a hypothetical population, a probability question could be "What is the probability of rolling an even number on a six-sided die?" while an inferential question might ask "Based on sample data, can we infer if the die is fair and not biased towards any number?"
Explanation:
When considering concrete populations, these are actual groups that can be precisely defined and measured. In contrast, hypothetical populations are theoretical and based on assumptions about what the population might include. Probability questions concerning concrete populations typically deal with the likelihood of a certain attribute or event occurring within that actual population. Conversely, hypothetical populations lead to probability questions based on the conceptual understanding of chances and outcomes that are not necessarily observed but are theoretically possible. Inferential statistics questions for both types of populations involve drawing conclusions or making predictions about the populations from sample data. Inferential questions often test hypotheses or claims about the population parameters, such as averages, proportions, or variability, which are not directly observed but estimated from samples.
Julie is a psychologist and she is conducting research on the effect of talking on a hands-free cell phone while driving. Based on this information we can say that Julie is a(n)
Answer:
cognitive psychologist.
Explanation:
Cognitive psychologist -
It refers to the mental health professional , who helps to understand the thoughts of the human being , is referred to as a cognitive psychologist .
The person tries to understand the problem and all the factors linked with the problem , and gives the best therapy , medication possible , so as to relax the patient .
Hence , from the scenario of the question ,
Julia is a cognitive psychologist.
Intelligence is a central human characteristic that differentiates humans from other species, and genetics plays a significant role in intelligence.true/false
The correct answer is True
Intelligence is a set that forms all the intellectual characteristics of an individual, that is, the faculty of knowing, understanding, reasoning, thinking and interpreting. Intelligence is one of the main distinctions between humans and other animals.
At this point in the meeting, Adam asks, "Sharon, how long have your four employees been with the zoo?" Sharon answers, "Well, if you don’t count our intern, each of my employees has worked for us for more than five years." Then Adam asks, "And does your team get along pretty well as a group?" Sharon thinks about this, then answers, "Yes, I think so. I know that they go out to Louie’s Bar every Friday night after work, and that if one of them encounters a problem, the others will go out of their way to help fix it." Adam turns to you and asks, "What impact does Sharon’s situation have on the style of leadership she should use?"
If we look at the rest of the document, we see that Sharon describes her style of leadership in the following way:
“I’m pretty focused on getting the work around here done, and making sure that all the employees do what is best for the animals. I give my staff specific instructions on what to do every day, and then I check to be sure that they’ve followed those instructions exactly. I don’t tolerate mistakes.”
Therefore, based on this, we can see that Sharon's leadership style and the situation she faces do not match. Sharon does not seem to recognize that her team has been on the job for a while, and that this gives the team expertise. Therefore, she does not need to give her staff such specific instructions. Moreover, the team is cohesive, so Sharon should be focusing on developing relationship with the people on her team and taking advantage of such unity.
A research team is interested in studying the effects of television exposure on the development of social skills. What research method and design would you use for this study, and why? What are the ethical considerations for this type of research?
Answer:
I would use a longitudinal study for this research question because it would be interesting
Explanation:
An observational research method and longitudinal design would be most appropriate for this television exposure-social skills study. Ethical considerations include informed consent, minimizing harm, and maintaining confidentiality.
Explanation:For a study examining the effects of television exposure on the development of social skills, a longitudinal research design using an observational research method would be valuable. The observational research method provides the ability to measure behavior and development over time without altering natural progression. A longitudinal design allows the research team to examine the development of social skills over an extended timeline. This combination avoids the influence of short-term factors and provides clear, accurate insights for cause-and-effect understanding.
Ethical considerations in this type of research include informed consent, avoidance of harm, and confidentiality. Participants should be informed of the purpose, process, and potential risks involved, and they should voluntarily agree to participate. Any potential physical or psychological consequences should be minimized. Lastly, participant information should be confidential to uphold their privacy.
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You are an American patriot in 1776. Write a political pamphlet in support of the Revolution
Answer:
Rise my Brothers, rise!
Explanation:
We are a nation that has learned to cultivate its own food, earn its own way of living and still we are ruled by the leaders of a foreign decent. Why? Why should we be answerable to anyone other then ourselves? This is the home of the brave and land of the free, we will dictate how we live our lives not someone across the sky. My brave brothers, it is time we strive for our nation. It is time we regain the control of our land. It is time we give our lives for our generations to come. Rise my brothers, rise.
The distributive process by which the burdens and rewards that society has to offer are shared varies from society to society.
True/False
Answer:
The distributive process by which the burdens and rewards that society has to offer are shared varies from society to society is a TRUE statement.
Explanation:
Factors like the geography of a region and the tendency of the people formed based on it have to play an important role in how the people in any given region share burdens and rewards amongst themselves. Moreover, the varied the demographics of the given region, varied are the patterns of the distribution of burdens and rewards.The statement is correct. The distribution of society's rewards and burdens, such as wealth, education, healthcare, and opportunities, varies significantly from one society to another based on the type of political and economic system, cultural values, and historical background.
Explanation:The statement is True. The distributive process of societal burdens and rewards, such as healthcare, education, wealth, and opportunity, is indeed different from society to society. This distribution depends on a range of factors including the type of political system, the economic system, the cultural values, and the historical context. For example, in socialist societies, wealth is distributed more equally, while in capitalist societies, wealth distribution is often more unequal. Therefore, the way in which society's burdens and rewards are shared varies greatly from one society to another.
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A 28-day pill pack of an oral contraceptive drug consists of 21 tablets that contain hormones and 7 tablets that ________.
If you put someone else’s ideas into your own words, a citation is not necessary. Group of answer choices
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
Using someone else's ideas without making the proper citation is considered plagiarism. Every time a person uses an idea from another author, a citation is needed to avoid plagiarism given that you are "borrowing" that person's ideas and credit must be given to the original creator of that idea. This does not mean that we can't use another author's ideas. One can signal that a particular idea does not belong to them but still use them in a text.
Sir George Caley, Otto Lilienthal, Samuel Pierpont Langley, and the Wright Brothers all used UAS in the development of their concepts for manned aircraft. In what ways did they use UAS and why do you think they did so?
Answer:
All the innovators mentioned in the question statement used UAS as a facility to keep the aircraft lightweight and manageable. They used UAS because flying a machine while sitting in it was initially considered dangerous.
Explanation:
In the initial phase of the development of aviation technology, the progress on the safety of the aircraft during the flight was slow and it was deemed risky to fly the aircraft with a human sitting inside the aircraft controlling it. Extensive use of UAS was also made to make the aircrafts fit for military use.Moreover, all the measures to keep the aircraft light were implemented to increase the efficiency of the aircraft.1. What is the overall goal for using student self-assessments? Are self-assessments best used for pre-assessment, formative assessment, or summative assessment, or are they all equal in value? Explain your answers.
2. How can student self-assessment results provide insight about students’ own understanding and their progress toward meeting the goal(s)? How will you adjust your instruction based on these results?
Answer:
The goal of using students self assessments is to be able to evaluate students' work and learning methods
Students self assessments are used in evaluating students work progress and learning progress. It can be used a s a great to learning tool to help students who are struggling in class. It
Explanation:
What is the overall goal for using student self-assessments?
The goal of using students self assessments is to be able to evaluate students' work and learning methods
Self assessments are best used for pre-assessments as a guide to how students learn and how they can be helped to do well at school.
2. How can student self-assessment results provide insight about students’ own understanding and their progress toward meeting the goal(s)?
Students self assessments are used in evaluating students work progress and learning progress. It can be used a s a great to learning tool to help students who are struggling in class. It also helps to know the strength and weaknesses of students.
How will you adjust your instruction based on these results?
I will adjust my instruction by making it more students focus. Ensure that each lessons is explained , having the characteristics of each students in mind. It will help me to be opened to their windows of learning and how best to help them strengthen their weaknesses and build on their strength.
By the late 1840s, death penalty opposition became so prevalent in some northern states that it had become difficult to empanel juries in capital cases True False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Between 1825 and 1850, America passed through a time of reform. At that time the capital punishment was the order of the day and so many people were being executed, coupled with many abolitionist sentiment; people were against the death penalty and this gave birth to various abolitionist societies. Many poets even wrote on the abolition of the death penalty and by "late 1840s, death penalty opposition became so prevalent in some northern states that it had become difficult to empanel juries in capital cases."
This quote can be found in the book titled "DeathQuest: An Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Capital Punishment" by Robert M. Bohm