Name the organic compound CH4

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Methane

Explanation:

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas with the formula CH₄. Hope this helps!


Related Questions

9. For each reaction listed, identify the proton donor (or acid) and the proton acceptor(or base).
Label each conjugate acid-base pair.
a. CH3COOH + H2O 2 H30° + CH3C00-
b. HCO3 + H2O = H2CO3 + OH
C. HNO3 + SO42- à HSO4 + NO3

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

conjugate acid, based on Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, is a chemical compound that is formed by the reception of a proton by a base

a. CH₃COOH + H₂O ⇌ H₃0⁺ + CH₃C00-

Acid <> CH₃COOH

Base <> H₂O

Conjugate acid <> H₃0 +

Conjugate base <>CH₃C00-

b. HCO₃ + H₂O ⇌ H₂CO₃⁻ + OH⁻

Acid <> H₂O

Base <> HCO₃

Conjugate acid <> H₂CO₃⁻

Conjugate base <>OH⁻

C. HNO₃ + SO₄²⁻ ⇌ HSO₄⁻ + NO₃⁻

Acid <>HNO₃

Base <>SO₄²⁻

Conjugate acid <>HSO₄⁻

Conjugate base <>NO₃⁻

A Bronsted acid is reffered to as a proton donor while a Bronsted base is a proton acceptor

Final answer:

In the reaction CH3COOH + H2O -> H3O+ + CH3C00-, CH3COOH is the proton donor and H2O is the proton acceptor. In the reaction HCO3- + H2O -> H2CO3 + OH-, HCO3- is the proton donor and H2O is the proton acceptor. In the reaction HNO3 + SO42- -> HSO4- + NO3-, HNO3 is the proton donor and SO42- is the proton acceptor.

Explanation:

a. In the reaction CH3COOH + H2O -> H30+ + CH3C00-, CH3COOH is the proton donor (acid) and H2O is the proton acceptor (base). The conjugate acid-base pairs are CH3COOH/CH3COO- and H3O+/H2O.

b. In the reaction HCO3- + H2O -> H2CO3 + OH-, HCO3- is the proton donor (acid) and H2O is the proton acceptor (base). The conjugate acid-base pairs are HCO3-/H2CO3 and H2O/OH-

c. In the reaction HNO3 + SO42- -> HSO4- + NO3-, HNO3 is the proton donor (acid) and SO42- is the proton acceptor (base). The conjugate acid-base pairs are HNO3/NO3- and HSO4-/SO42-

what is number of unpaired
electron of Mg​

Answers

Answer:

2 unpaired Electrons

Explanation:

Answer:

I was told 2 I'm not so sure, But if it's wrong I'm Sorry :( I'm having a sorta bad day...I'm trying to help everyone to make my troubles go away god bless you and have a wonderful day, ~~ Night.

BALANCE the equation

2.How many moles of chlorine gas can be produced if 4 moles of FeCl3 react with 4 moles of O2?

Answers

Answer:

1. 4FeCl3 + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3 + 6Cl2

2. 6 moles of Cl2

Explanation:

1. The balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below:

4FeCl3 + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3 + 6Cl2

2. Determination of the number of mole of Cl2 produce when 4 moles of FeCl3 react with 4 moles. To obtain the number of mole of Cl2 produced, we must determine which reactant is the limiting reactant.

This is illustrated below:

From the balanced equation above,

4 moles of FeCl3 reacted with 3 moles of O2.

Since lesser amount of O2 (i.e 3 moles) than what was given (i.e 4 moles) is needed to react completely with 4 moles of FeCl3, therefore FeCl3 is the limiting reactant and O2 is the excess reactant.

Finally, we can obtain the number of mole Cl2 produced from the reaction as follow:

Note: the limiting reactant is used as it will produce the maximum yield of the reaction since all of it is used up in the reaction.

From the balanced equation above,

4 moles of FeCl3 will react to produced 6 moles of Cl2.

A solution of calcium chlorate was poured into a sodium fluoride solution. Would you expect a precipitate to form if 255.0 mL of the calcium chlorate solution (2.0x10-5 M) was mixed with 300.0 mL of a 2.5x10-3 M sodium fluoride solution? A. No, because Qsp < Ksp for calcium fluoride B. Yes, because Qsp < Ksp for calcium fluoride C. Yes, because Qsp = Ksp for sodium chlorate D. Yes, because Qsp = Ksp for calcium fluoride E. No, because Qsp = Ksp for sodium chlorate F. No, because Qsp < Ksp for sodium chlorate G. No, because Qsp > Ksp for calcium fluoride H. No, because Qsp > Ksp for sodium chlorate I. Yes, because Qsp < Ksp for sodium chlorate J. No, because Qsp = Ksp for calcium fluoride K. Yes, because Qsp > Ksp for sodium chlorate L. Yes, because Qsp > Ksp for calcium fluoride

Answers

Answer:

A) No , because Qsp<Ksp for calcium fluoride.

Check attachment for calculation

Final answer:

Without specific calculations, to determine if a precipitate forms when mixing calcium chlorate with sodium fluoride, one assesses if the product of the ion concentrations exceeds the Ksp for calcium fluoride; if Qsp > Ksp, precipitation occurs.

Explanation:

To determine if a precipitate will form when calcium chlorate is mixed with sodium fluoride, one must consider the ionic products formed and compare the reaction quotient (Qsp) with the solubility product constant (Ksp) of the relevant compound, in this case, calcium fluoride (CaF2). The Ksp for calcium fluoride is 3.45 × 10∑11. In a mixture of calcium chlorate and sodium fluoride, the calcium ions (Ca2+) from calcium chlorate can react with the fluoride ions (F∑) from sodium fluoride to potentially form solid calcium fluoride. However, without the exact concentrations of Ca2+ and F∑ after mixing, one cannot directly calculate Qsp. The principle, however, is that if Qsp > Ksp, a precipitate of calcium fluoride will form, whereas if Qsp < Ksp, no precipitate forms because the solution is not supersaturated with respect to CaF2.

The concentration of each ion in the final solution depends on the dilution that occurs when the two solutions are mixed. Given the initial conditions and the principle that the formation of a precipitate requires Qsp to exceed Ksp, we generally assess the likelihood of precipitation by considering the concentrations of the reactive ions and the solubility product of the insoluble compound they may form. In this scenario, without performing a specific calculation, the correct answer would be based on understanding whether the mixing leads to a situation where the product of the concentrations of calcium and fluoride ions exceeds the Ksp of calcium fluoride.

(a) Your TA will give you a 1H NMR spectrum of the 3-nitroaniline product. Using your NMR knowledge and the special NMR section in the lab book (especially pages 48 and 49), assign the 4 peaks in the spectrum to each of the protons in the product - you will need to use coupling pattern and chemical shift to complete the assignment. (b) Explain your assignment, specifically how you differentiated between HA and Hc

Answers

Answer: provided in the answer segment

Explanation:

Below is a step by step process to analyzing this problem

Let us begin;

From 1H-NMR singlet at 5.80 ppm show N-H peak as shown in structure.

Here, H(A) hydrogen has no neighbor hydrogen so it appears integrated singlet at 7.38 ppm.      

H(C) hydrogen has the next 2 neighbor hydrogen H(B) and H(D) so it appears as a triplet at region 7.23-7.29 ppm.

H(B) hydrogen has next to one neighbor hydrogen H(C) show doublet at 6.92-6.98 ppm.

H(D) hydrogen has next to one neighbor hydrogen H(C) show doublet at 7.28-7.32 ppm.

(b). From our basic chemistry knowledge, we know that benzene molecule is planer so H(A) is more deshielding because of two substituent groups than H(C), which makes the delta value of H(A) is greater than H(C).

cheers i hope this helped!!!!!

Final answer:

The 1H NMR spectrum of 3-nitroaniline compounds has four different protons which can be differentiated by their chemical shift and coupling pattern. HA is usually the most deshielded due to its closeness to the nitro group. The coupling pattern helps especially in differentiating protons like HA and HC.

Explanation:

In 3-nitroaniline compound, the protons, designated as HA, HB, HC, and HD all show up distinctly in the 1H NMR spectrum. The key to differentiating them comes down to their chemical shift and their coupling pattern.

The most deshielded proton (highest chemical shift) is usually HA due to its proximity to the nitro group. HB and HC are the aromatic protons on the benzene ring, and their positions relative to the aniline (amino) group aids in their differentiation. Finally, HD is usually the most shielded proton (lowest chemical shift), as it is the amino proton.

Coupling helps to differentiate between otherwise closely overlapping protons. Due to the nature of the coupling constants involved, HA and HC will generally have distinct coupling patterns that allow them to be differentiated.

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The cell potential for the cell Zn(s) + 2H+(? M) LaTeX: \longrightarrow⟶ Zn2+(1.3 M) + H2(g) (8 atm) is observed to be 0.68 V. What is the pH in the H+/H2 half-cell? Reduction potential for H2(g)/H+(aq) is 0.00 V, for Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq) is -0.76 V. Enter number to 2 decimal places.

Answers

Answer:

pH in the [tex]H_{2}/H^{+}[/tex] half cell is 0.84.

Explanation:

Oxidation: [tex]Zn(s)-2e^{-}\rightarrow Zn^{2+}(aq.)[/tex]

Reduction: [tex]2H^{+}(aq.)+2e^{-}\rightarrow H_{2}(g)[/tex]

-------------------------------------------------------

Overall: [tex]Zn(s)+2H^{+}(aq.)\rightarrow Zn^{2+}(aq.)+H_{2}(g)[/tex]

[tex]E_{cell}^{0}=E_{H^{+}\mid H_{2}}^{0}-E_{Zn^{2+}\mid Zn}^{0}[/tex]  = (0.00 V) + (0.76 V) = 0.76 V

According to Nernst equation for this cell reaction at room temperature (298 K):              

                           [tex]E_{cell}=E_{cell}^{0}-\frac{0.0592}{n}log\frac{[Zn^{2+}].P_{H_{2}}}{[H^{+}]^{2}}[/tex]

where, [tex]E_{cell}[/tex] is cell potential, n is number of electron exchanged, [tex]P_{H_{2}}[/tex] is pressure of [tex]H_{2}[/tex] in atm and species under third bracket represent molarity of the respective species.

So, [tex]0.68V=0.76V-\frac{0.0592}{2}log\frac{(1.3M)\times (8atm)}{[H^{+}]^{2}}V[/tex]

   [tex]\Rightarrow[/tex] [tex][H^{+}]=0.1436M[/tex]

pH = [tex]-log[H^{+}][/tex] = -log(0.1436) = 0.84

Final answer:

The pH in the H+/H2 half-cell of the given galvanic cell is 8.5.

Explanation:

In the given galvanic cell, the reduction half-reaction is 2H+ (aq) + 2e → H₂(g), and the overall reaction is Zn(s) + 2H+ (aq) -> Zn²+ (aq) + H₂(g). The reduction potential for the H2(g)/H+(aq) half-reaction is 0.00 V, and for the Zn(s)/Zn²+(aq) half-reaction is -0.76 V.

To find the pH in the H+/H2 half-cell, we can use the Nernst equation:

Ecell = E°cell - (0.0592 V / n) * log[H+]

Using the given cell potential of 0.68 V and plugging in the values, we can calculate the pH in the H+/H2 half-cell to be 8.5.

Nonmetal oxides can react with water to form acids. For example, carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid: CO2 H2O H2CO3. (1) Write an equation to show how diiodine pentaoxide reacts with water to form an acid. Do not include states. Balanced equation for reaction (smallest integer coefficients): (2) What is the name of the acid (include 'acid'):

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Diiodine pentoxide is I₂O₅

Reaction with water

I₂O₅ + H₂O = 2HIO₃

2 )   HIO₃  is called iodic acid.

Final answer:

Nonmetal oxides react with water to form acids. One example is the reaction of diiodine pentaoxide with water to produce iodic acid.

Explanation:

Nonmetal oxides react with water to form acids. One example is the reaction of diiodine pentaoxide with water to produce iodic acid.

(1) Equation:

Diiodine pentaoxide + Water → 2HI + HIO3

(2) Acid Name:

Iodic acid

HELPPP!!! what is the volume (in liters) of a 5.72 gram sample of 02 at STP? (Hint: remember to change grams of oxygen to moles of oxygen first) molar mass of 02 =32g/mol

Answers

Answer:

4L

Explanation:

To obtain the volume of O2 at stp, first, we need to determine the number of mole of O2.

From the question given above,

Mass of O2 = 5.72g

Molar Mass of O2 = 32g/mol

Number of mole =Mass/Molar Mass

Number of mole of O2 = 5.72/32

Number of mole of O2 = 0.179 mole

Now, we can calculate the volume of O2 at stp as follow:

1 mole of a gas occupy 22.4L at stp.

Therefore, 0.179 mole of O2 will occupy = 0.179 x 22.4 = 4L

Therefore, the volume occupied by the sample of O2 is 4L

The volume of a 5.72 gram sample of oxygen at STP is approximately 4.01 liters, after converting the mass to moles and using the molar volume of a gas at STP.

To calculate the volume of oxygen at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) from the given mass, first convert the mass of oxygen to moles. At STP, 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 liters. Use the molar mass of Oxygen (32 g/mol) to convert grams to moles and then use the volume of 1 mole of gas at STP to find the volume in liters.

First, convert the given mass of oxygen (5.72 g) to moles:

5.72 g [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
x
1 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex]/ 32 g [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
= 0.179 moles [tex]O_{2}[/tex]

Then calculate the volume at STP (using the fact that 1 mole of any gas at STP occupies 22.4 liters):

0.179 moles [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
x
22.4 liters/mol
= 4.0096 liters

Therefore, the volume of a 5.72 gram sample of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] at STP is approximately 4.01 liters.

The combustion of titanium with oxygen produces titanium dioxide: Ti(s) + O 2(g) → TiO 2(s) When 2.060 g of titanium is combusted in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature of the calorimeter increases from 25.00°C to 91.60°C. In a separate experiment, the heat capacity of the calorimeter is measured to be 9.84 kJ/K. The heat of reaction for the combustion of a mole of Ti in this calorimeter is ________ kJ/mol.

Answers

Answer: The heat of reaction for the combustion of titanium is 15240 kJ/mol

Explanation:

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius is called the specific heat capacity.

[tex]Q=C\times \Delta T[/tex]

Q = Heat absorbed by calorimeter =?

C = heat capacity of calorimeter = 9.84 kJ/K

Initial temperature of the calorimeter  = [tex]T_i[/tex] = [tex]25.00^0C=(25.00+273)=298.00K[/tex]

Final temperature of the calorimeter  = [tex]T_f[/tex]  = [tex]91.60^0C=(91.60+273)K=364.6K[/tex]

Change in temperature ,[tex]\Delta T=T_f-T_i=(364.6-298.0)K=66.60K[/tex]

Putting in the values, we get:

[tex]Q=9.84kJ/K\times 66.60K=655.3kJ[/tex]

As heat absorbed by calorimeter is equal to heat released by combustion of titanium

[tex]Q=q[/tex]

[tex]\text{Moles of titanium}=\frac{\text{given mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}=\frac{2.060g}{47.8g/mol}=0.0430mol[/tex]  

Heat released by 0.0430 moles of titanium = 655.3 kJ

Heat released by 1 mole of titanium = [tex]\frac{655.3}{0.0430}\times 1=15240kJ[/tex]

The heat of reaction for the combustion of titanium is 15240 kJ/mol

Which of the following item(s) explain the differences between the Ka values. Choose one or more: A. The oxidation state for oxygen in trifluoroacetate is more negative than the oxidation state for oxygen in acetate. B. The trifluoroacetate molecule has more resonance structures than the acetate molecule. C. The electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms pull electron density from the oxygen in trifluoroacetate. The negative charge is more stabilized in trifluoroacetate by this effect. D. The negative charge is on the more electronegative fluorine atom in trifluoroacetate.

Answers

Answer:

C. The electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms pull electron density from the oxygen in trifluoroacetate. The negative charge is more stabilized in trifluoroacetate by this effect.

Explanation:

The structures of trifluoroacetate and acetic acid are both shown in the image attached.

The trifluoroacetate anion (CF3CO2-), just like the acetate anion has in the middle, two oxygen atoms.

However, in the trifluoroacetate anion, there are also three electronegative fluorine atoms attached to the nearby carbon atom attached to the carbonyl, and these pull some electron density through the sigma bonding network away from the oxygen atoms, thereby spreading out the negative charge further. This effect, called the "inductive effect" stabilizes the anion formed,the trifouoroacetate anion is thus more stabilized than the acetate anion.

Hence, trifluoroacetic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid, having a pKa of -0.18.

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The acid dissociation constant (Ka) is used to distinguish strong acids from weak acids. Strong acids have exceptionally high Ka values.

The Ka value is found by looking at the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the acid. The higher the Ka, the more the acid dissociates.

The structures of trifluoroacetate and acetic acid are both shown in the image attached.  It contains

The trifluoroacetate anion[tex](CF_3CO_2^-)[/tex],The acetate anion Two oxygen atoms.

However, in the trifluoroacetate anion, there are also three electronegative fluorine atoms attached to the nearby carbon atom attached to the carbonyl.

These pull some electron density through the sigma bonding network away from the oxygen atoms, thereby spreading out the negative charge further. This effect, called the "inductive effect" stabilizes the anion formed, the trifluoroacetate anion is thus more stabilized than the acetate anion.

Hence, the correct option is C that is The electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms pull electron density from the oxygen in trifluoroacetate. The negative charge is more stabilized in trifluoroacetate by this effect.

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The addition of 5.0x10–3 total moles of Zn2+ to a 1.0 L solution of NaCN gives a solution of the complex ion [Zn(CN)4] 2– (Kf = 4.17x1019). What is the equilibrium concentration of uncomplexed Zn2+ ions if the concentration of cyanide ions at equilibrium is 0.50 M?

Answers

Answer:

Concentration of [tex]Zn^{+2}[/tex] = 1.9 * [tex]10^{-19}[/tex]

Explanation:

Find the provided attachment for solution.

The equilibrium concentration of uncomplexed Zn²⁺ ions if the concentration of cyanide ions at equilibrium is 0.50 M, is 19.18 × 10⁻²² M.

How do we calculate the equilibrium constant?

Equilibrium constant of any reaction will be calculated as the ration of the concentration of products to the concentration of reactants with raise to to respective coefficients at the equilibrium condition.

Moles of Zn²⁺ & Zinc cyanide complex are equal, so the concentration of 5×10⁻³ moles of Zinc cyanide complex in 1 liter of the solution is 5×10⁻³ M.

Chemical reaction for the formation of given complex with ICE table is:

                       Zn²⁺  + 4(cyanide ions)  ⇄  Zinc cyanide complex

Initial:                0                  0.50                             5×10⁻³

Change:          +x                    +4x                                -x

Equilibrium:      x                 0.50+4x                         5×10⁻³-x

Equilibrium constant for the above reaction will be calculated as:

Kf = Zinc cyanide complex / [Zn²⁺][cyanide ion]⁴

Given value of Kf = 4.17 × 10¹⁹

On putting all values on the above equation we get,

4.17 × 10¹⁹ = [5×10⁻³-x] / [x].[0.50+4x]⁴

x is very small as compared to the 5×10⁻³ and 0.50, so we can neglect x and equation becomes:

4.17 × 10¹⁹ = [5×10⁻³] / [x].[0.50]⁴

x = 19.18 × 10⁻²² M

Hence, required concentration of Zn²⁺ is 19.18 × 10⁻²² M.

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calculate mass of sulfur that must be burned to give 8g of sulfur dioxide​

Answers

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Final answer:

In a chemical reaction between sulfur and oxygen that produces sulfur dioxide, there is a 1:1 ratio between sulfur and sulfur dioxide. Using the molar mass of sulfur and sulfur dioxide, it is calculated that to produce 8g of sulfur dioxide, 4g of sulfur needs to be burned.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of sulfur that must be burned to give 8g of sulfur dioxide, we first need to understand mole ratio and molar mass, since the question is about a chemical reaction described by a balanced chemical equation. The balanced equation is: S + O2 --> SO2.

The molar masses are: S (32.06 g/mol), O2 (32 g/mol, because there are 2 O atoms each 16 g/mol), and SO2 (64.06 g/mol, which sum the molar masses of S and O2).

From the balanced chemical equation, we see a 1:1 ratio exists between sulfur and sulfur dioxide. So, the number of moles in 8g of SO2 would be the mass divided by the molar mass: 8g SO2 * (1 mol SO2/64.06 g SO2) = 0.125 mol SO2.

Because of the 1:1 ratio between sulfur and sulfur dioxide, 0.125 mole of sulfur is needed. Convert this to grams, we have: 0.125 mol S * (32.06 g S/1 mol S) = 4 g of sulfur

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A student states that this structural formula represents a hydrocarbon.
H H
H-C-0-0-H
I-0-I
Is the student correct?
Yes, a hydrocarbon is any compound that contains a carbon backbone.
Yes, a hydrocarbon is any compound that contains hydrogen and oxygen.
No, a hydrocarbon contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
No, a hydrocarbon contains at least one double or triple bond.

Answers

.
the answer is Yes, a hydrocarbon is any compound that contains hydrogen and oxygen.

Answer:

Yes, a hydrocarbon is any compound that contains hydrogen and oxygen.

Explanation:

The carbon-oxygen bond in CO has a higher bond dissociation enthalpy than a carbon-oxygen bond in CO2. Which is the best explanation for this difference? Group of answer choices CO has a triple bond while each carbon-oxygen bond in CO2 is a double bond. CO has a lone pair on carbon while CO2 does not. CO is a polar molecule while CO2 is a nonpolar molecule. CO contains one carbon-oxygen bond while CO2 contains two carbon-oxygen bonds.

Answers

Answer:

CO HAS A TRIPLE BOND WHILE C-O BOND IN CO2 IS A DOUBLE BOND

CO HAS A LONE PAIR ON CARBON WHILE CO2 DOES NOT

Explanation:

Bond dissociation bond enthalpy or energy is the energy needed to break 1 mole of a divalent molecule into separate atoms mostly in the gaseous state.

The carbon and oxygen in carbon monoxide form a triple bond as carbon monoxide has 10 electrons in their outermost shell which results into six shared electrons in 3 bonding orbitals as against the double bond formed by other carbon compounds. Four electrons come from oxygen and the remaining two from carbon and due to this, two electrons from oxygen will occupy one orbital and this forms a dative bond. Also because of the triple bond, carbon monoxide is often regarded as a more stable compound than carbon dioxide with a double bond. This gives it its higher bond dissociation enthalpy value and more energy is needed to break it into its separate atoms. This is in conjunction with a larger bond length similar to the bong length in a triple bond. This makes it more stronger than the bond dissociation enthalpy of carbon dioxide having a double bond.

Urea (CH4N2O) is a common fertilizer that can be synthesized by the reaction of ammonia (NH3) with carbon dioxide as follows: 2NH3(aq)+CO2(aq)→CH4N2O(aq)+H2O(l) In an industrial synthesis of urea, a chemist combines 142.1 kg of ammonia with 211.4 kg of carbon dioxide and obtains 171.4 kg of urea. Part A Determine the limiting reactant. Express your answer as a chemical formula.

Answers

Answer:

The limiting reactant is Carbon dioxide, [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]

Explanation:

The balanced reaction equation is:

[tex]2NH_{3} + CO_{2}[/tex] → [tex]CH_{4} N_{2} O + H_{2} O[/tex]

The mole ratio of ammonia to carbon dioxide is 2:1

142100/17g = 8358.8 mol of NH3

211400/44g = 4, 804.5 mole of CO2

Now:

4,804.5 mol of CO2 × [tex]\frac{2 mol NH_{3} }{1 molCO_{2} }[/tex] = 9,609 mol of NH3  present

8,358.8 mole of NH3 × [tex]\frac{1 moleCO_{2} }{2moles NH_{3} }[/tex] = 4,179.4 mol of CO2 present

NH3 needs 8, 358.8 moles but had 9, 609 moles⇒ excess reactant

CO2 needs 4, 804,5 mol but had 4, 179.4 moles⇒ limiting reactant (used up completely)

The limiting reactant is carbon dioxide, CO2.

Final answer:

Ammonia is the limiting reactant in the synthesis of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide.

Explanation:

The reaction between ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) produces urea (CH4N2O) and water (H2O) according to the balanced equation: 2NH3(aq) + CO2(aq) → CH4N2O(aq) + H2O(l).

To determine the limiting reactant, we need to compare the amount of each reactant used to the amount of urea produced. From the given information, 142.1 kg of ammonia and 211.4 kg of carbon dioxide react to produce 171.4 kg of urea.

We can use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the theoretical yield of urea from both reactants:

For ammonia: 1 mole of urea is produced from 2 moles of ammonia. The molar mass of ammonia is 17.03 g/mol, so the number of moles of ammonia in 142.1 kg is (142.1 kg) / (17.03 g/mol) = 8358.4 mol. Therefore, the theoretical yield of urea from ammonia is (8358.4 mol) / 2 = 4179.2 mol or 4179.2 mol × 60.06 g/mol = 250783.4 g.For carbon dioxide: 1 mole of urea is produced from 1 mole of carbon dioxide. The molar mass of carbon dioxide is 44.01 g/mol, so the number of moles of carbon dioxide in 211.4 kg is (211.4 kg) / (44.01 g/mol) = 4801.6 mol. Therefore, the theoretical yield of urea from carbon dioxide is 4801.6 mol × 60.06 g/mol = 288255.4 g.

Since the actual yield of urea is 171.4 kg, which is less than both the theoretical yields from ammonia and carbon dioxide, the limiting reactant is ammonia (NH3).

Therefore, the limiting reactant is ammonia (NH3).

Compare the value you calculated for the number of sand grains on Earth’s beaches to the number of particles in a mole. What can you conclude about the size of a mole?


The number of particles in a mole is about ____(blank) the number of grains of sand on Earth’s beaches.

Answers

Final answer:

The number of particles in a mole is far greater than the number of grains of sand on Earth's beaches, showcasing the mole's significance in representing vast quantities of atoms or molecules in chemistry.

Explanation:

When comparing the number of grains of sand on Earth’s beaches to the number of particles in a mole, it becomes evident that a mole represents a vastly larger quantity. The number of particles in a mole is 6.022x10²³, which dwarfs the estimated 7.5x10¹¸ grains of sand on Earth's beaches. This expansive difference illustrates that the mole is an incredibly large unit, used to easily convey numbers of particles or atoms that would otherwise be incomprehensible in scale. A mole's enormity is further illustrated by examples such as a mole of paper sheets extending more than a million times the distance from the Earth to the Sun, or a mole of sand filling a cube about 32 kilometers on a side. Therefore, the number of particles in a mole is far greater than the number of grains of sand on Earth’s beaches, highlighting the mole's utility in chemistry for working with the huge numbers of atoms and molecules involved in even small chemical samples.

The number of particles in a mole is about  [tex]\(7.5 \times 10^{18}\),[/tex] (blank) the number of grains of sand on Earth’s beaches.

The number of particles in a mole, also known as Avogadro's number, is approximately [tex]\(6.022 \times 10^{23}\).[/tex]

Comparing this to the estimated number of sand grains on Earth's beaches, which is on the order of [tex]\(7.5 \times 10^{18}\),[/tex]  we can conclude that the number of particles in a mole is significantly larger than the number of sand grains on Earth's beaches.

In fact, the number of particles in a mole is approximately 80 million times greater than the number of sand grains on Earth's beaches.

This stark difference highlights the immense size of a mole, indicating that it represents an enormous quantity of particles.

Therefore, a mole encompasses an incredibly large number of particles, underscoring its importance in chemistry and the sciences.

Practice the Skill 21.15a When the following ketone is treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide, the aldol product is obtained in poor yields. In these cases, special distillation techniques are used to increase the yield of aldol product. Predict the aldol addition product that is obtained, and propose a mechanism for its formation. For the mechanism, draw the curved arrows as needed. Include lone pairs and charges in your answer. Do not draw out any hydrogen explicitly in your products. Do not use abbreviations such as Me or Ph.

Answers

Answer:

OH OH ONa NaOH OH

Explanation:

See attached image

An aluminum calorimeter with a mass of 100 g con- tains 250 g of water. The calorimeter and water are in thermal equilibrium at 10.0°C. Two metallic blocks are placed into the water. One is a 50.0-g piece of copper at 80.0°C. The other has a mass of 70.0 g and is originally at a temperature of 100°C. The entire system stabilizes at a final temperature of 20.0°C. (a) Determine the spe- cific heat of the unknown sample.

Answers

Answer:1.587J / g degC.

Explanation:SOLUTION

Specific heat of aluminum = 0.897 J / g degC.

Heat gained by calorimeter = 100 * 10 * 0.897 J = 897 J

Specific heat of water = 4.18 J / g degC.

Heat gained by water = 250 * 10 * 4.18 J = 10450 J

Specific heat of copper = 0.385 J / g degC.

Heat loss by copper block = 50 * (80-10) * 0.385 J =1347.5  J

Let specific heat of unknown block be x J / g degC.

Heat loss by unknown block = 70 * (100-10) * x J = 6300x J

Heat gain = Heat loss

897 + 10450 = 1347.5 + 6300x

6300x = 9999.5

x =1.58722= 1.587

Specific heat of unknown substance is 1.587J / g degC.

The starting materials for this reaction are ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. The letters A and B represent organic groups that are unreactive. What reactive organic functional group does ethylene glycol (containing the A functional group) contain?

Answers

Answer:

Functional groups are group of atoms which are responsible for the reactivity of compound. In ethylene glycol, organic functional group is OH which is ALCOHOL.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Ethylene glycol, the starting material in the reaction, contains two reactive hydroxyl groups (-OH). These groups enable it to react with terephthalic acid, which has carboxylic acid functional groups, resulting in a polymerization reaction that forms a plastic named polyethylene terephthalate.

Explanation:

Ethylene glycol, also known as 1,2-ethanediol, is an organic compound with two hydroxyl groups (-OH). These hydroxyl groups are the reactive functional groups in ethylene glycol, making it a type of alcohol. In the context of the reaction mentioned, ethylene glycol can react with terephthalic acid, another organic molecule with carboxylic acid (-COOH) as the functional group, which will yield a polymer called polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

PET is a type of plastic used commonly for making bottles, films, and fibers for clothing. The formation of plastics by reaction of alcohols (like ethylene glycol) and carboxylic acids (like terephthalic acid) is known as a polymerization reaction. In these reactions, many small monomer units (the alcohol and the acid, in this case) join together to form a large polymer molecule.

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how many moles of 0.225 m ca oh 2 are present in 0.350 l of solution

Answers

Answer: 0.225, x, 0.0788

Explanation:

Which statement is always true of the cathode in an electrochemical cell? Reduction occurs here. It is considered the "negative" electrode. Negative ions flow toward the cathode. Metal is plated out here. It is considered the "positive" electrode.

Answers

Final answer:

The cathode is where reduction occurs, it's regarded as the 'positive' electrode, and in electrochemical cells, it's where metal is plated out. Negative ions do not necessarily flow toward the cathode.

Explanation:

In an electrochemical cell, some statements are always true for the cathode. The cathode is considered the "positive" electrode in the cell, it is where the reduction reaction (gain of electrons) occurs, and it is the location where metal is plated out (in electrolytic cells). Negative ions do not flow toward the cathode; ions flow based on their charge and the charge of the electrode. Positive ions (cations) move toward the cathode.

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why would defective collagen proteins affect an individuals joints?

Answers

Answer:

Defective collagen proteins affect an individuals joints, as collagen is an important component protein in body connective tissues

Explanation:

Collagen is a crucial protein in the extracellular matrix of various connective tissues in body (tendons, ligaments, muscles). It constitutes major protein component in mammals body.

Collagen Vascular disease is a group of diseases affecting 'collagen' connecting tissue. Apart from inheritance, they can con occur due to autoimmune disease. This implies that body's immune system fights against itself & mistakenly damages its own tissues. So, these diseases have a huge bearing on body joints components. Eg : Lupus , Arthritis are common collagen vascular diseases. Arthritis mostly affects adults above 30 years of age, lupus can be diagnosed in younger people above 15 years of age also.

At a certain temperature the vapor pressure of pure acetyl bromide is measured to be . Suppose a solution is prepared by mixing of acetyl bromide and of chloroform . Calculate the partial pressure of acetyl bromide vapor above this solution. Round your answer to significant digits. Note for advanced students: you may assume the solution is ideal.

Answers

Answer:

0.22 atm.

Explanation:

Acetyl bromide is a Chemical compound with molar mass of 122.95 g/mol and chemical formula of C2H3BrO. Acetyl bromide has a density of 1.66 g/cm³ and it is often classified as a volatile organic compound.

Chloroform is a Chemical compound with molar mass of 119.38 g/mol and chemical formula of CHCl₃.

So, let us delve right into the Calculations of the question above;

The number of moles of Acetyl bromide, C2H3BrO = mass/molar mass = 51.8/ 122.95 = 0.421 moles.

The number of moles of Chloroform, CHCl₃ = mass/ molar mass = 123/119.38 = 1.03 moles.

Total moles = 1.03 moles + 0.421 moles= 1.4513 moles.

Mole fraction of Acetyl bromide= 0.421 moles/1.4513 moles = 0.2901

Partial Pressure = 0.2901 × 0.75= 0.2176 atm.

= 0.22 atm.

Final answer:

To calculate the partial pressure of acetyl bromide in a solution, Raoult's Law is applied, but specific values are necessary for an exact calculation. Without these values, a general explanation of the methodology is provided.

Explanation:

To calculate the partial pressure of acetyl bromide in a solution with chloroform, we use Raoult's Law, which states the partial vapor pressure of a component in a mixture is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture. The equation for Raoult's Law is Pi = Xi * P0i, where Pi is the partial pressure of the component i, Xi is the mole fraction of the component i in the liquid phase, and P0i is the vapor pressure of the pure component i. However, the question does not provide specific values for the initial vapor pressure of acetyl bromide or the quantities of acetyl bromide and chloroform, making it impossible to calculate the exact partial pressure without these inputs. Typically, you would calculate the mole fraction of acetyl bromide by dividing the moles of acetyl bromide by the total moles of solution and then use Raoult's Law to find the partial pressure of acetyl bromide vapor.

What happens to the temperature of the liquid in a cup of water as some of the water evaporates?

A the temperature increases because there are fewer molecules to share energy between

B the temperature decreases because new molecular bonds form

C the temperature decreases because the most energetic molecules escape

D the temperature increases because the vapor pressure increases

Answers

Answer: c: The temperature decreases because the most energetic molecules escape

Explanation:

Evaporation is surface phenomenon in which liquid molecules gain energy from surrounding molecules and thus these high energy molecules escape from the surface in the form of vapors thus leaving low energy molecules in the system. As the kinetic energy of the left molecules decreases, the temperature of the molecules decreases as kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature. Thus low temperature results in cooling of the system.

C) The temperature decreases because the most energetic molecules escape.

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The frequency table will be used to make a histogram. Use the drop-down menus to answer each question regarding the histogram.

What will the horizontal axis represent?

What will the vertical axis represent?

What is an appropriate scale?

Which interval should be used?

Answers

Answer:

What will the horizontal axis represent?

Temperature

What will the vertical axis represent?

number of days

What is an appropriate scale?

0-100

Which interval should be used

20

Answer:

✔ temperature

✔ number of days

✔ 0–100

✔ 20

Explanation:

What kind of reaction does luminol go through?

Answers

Answer: This reaction is called as Chemiluminescence. A type of reaction in which light is produced due to chemical reaction. While in case of Phosphorescence and Fluorescence light is emitted due to absorption of photons.

Explanation: i looked the answer up but your welcomee ❤

Final answer:

Luminol undergoes a chemiluminescent reaction that produces light when it reacts with hydrogen peroxide and a catalyst, often used in forensic science to detect blood.

Explanation:

Luminol goes through a chemiluminescent reaction, which refers to a process where a chemical reaction produces a molecule in an excited state. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide and a catalyst, such as the iron found in hemoglobin, luminol reacts to generate 3-aminophthalate in an excited state, emitting a bluish light. This reaction is highly valuable in forensic science for the detection of blood.

Chemiluminescence is a phenomenon where the energy from a chemical reaction is released as light. This reaction is possible because certain chemicals, like peroxide and ozone used in chemiluminescent reactions, contain unstable or energetic chemical bonds. The process is a rare occurrence in chemical reactions and is a direct transduction of chemical energy into radiant energy.

Choose the selection which correctly characterizes all three of the following substances in terms of whether they are polar or nonpolar: SiH4 and BBr3 and SiF4 a) SiH4 is nonpolar and BBr3 is polar and SiF4 is nonpolar. b) SiH4 is nonpolar and BBr3 is polar and SiF4 is polar. c) SiH4 is nonpolar and BBr3 is nonpolar and SiF4 is polar. d) SiH4 is polar and BBr3 is nonpolar and SiF4 is polar. e) SiH4 is nonpolar and BBr3 is nonpolar and SiF4 is nonpolar.

Answers

Answer:

SiH4 is nonpolar and BBr3 is nonpolar and SiF4 is nonpolar.

Explanation:

SiH4 is a non-polar compound. Though the Si–H bonds are polar, as a result of different electronegativities of Si and H. However, as there are 4 electron repulsions around the central Si atom, the polar bonds are arranged symmetrically around the central atom having a tetrahedral shape hence they cancel out making the compound nonpolar.

SiF4 is a nonpolar molecule because the fluorine atoms are arranged symetrically around the central silicon atom in a tetrahedral molecule with all of the regions of negative charge cancelling each other out just like in SiH4.

The 3 bromine atoms all lie in the same plane thus the geometry of the compound will be trigonal planar. The BBr3 will be non polar because the three B-Br bonds will cancel out each others' dipole moment given that they are in the same plane.

A non-polar chemical is SiH4. Despite the fact that the Si-H bonds are polar, this is because Si and H have differing electronegativities.

Thus, The polar bonds are symmetrically organized around the center Si atom, which has a tetrahedral form, and thus cancel out because there are four electron repulsions around it, rendering the combination nonpolar.

Because the fluorine atoms are symmetrically positioned around the center silicon atom in a tetrahedral molecule with all of the negative charge regions canceling each other out, SiF4 is a nonpolar molecule and electronegativities.

The geometry of the compound will be trigonal planar since all three bromine atoms are located in the same plane. The three B-Br bonds will cancel, making the BBr3 non-polar.

Thus, A non-polar chemical is SiH4. Despite the fact that the Si-H bonds are polar, this is because Si and H have differing electronegativities.

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IS PLUTO ROCKY OR GASY

Answers

Answer:

Rocky.

Explanation:

Jovian planets are giant gas balls not unlike the SUN although they have a small rocky central core. Pluto is a rock ice planet---more like Europa, a satellite of Jupiter. In fact, Pluto is probably the largest of the so-called KUIPER BELT objects

What is the molarity (concentration) of 2.53 L of NaOH which exactly neutralizes 5.0L of 1.25 M HCl?

Answers

Answer:

The concentration of NaOH is 2.47 M

Explanation:

The equation of the reaction is

HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq) ------> NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Given;

Concentration of acid CA= 1.25 M

Volume of acid VA= 5.0L

Concentration of base CB= ????

Volume of base VB= 2.53 L

Number of moles of acid NA= 1

Number of moles of base NB= 1

From;

CAVA/CBVB= NA/NB

CAVANB= CBVBNA

CB= CAVANB/VBNA

CB= 1.25 × 5.0 ×1 / 2.53×1

CB= 2.47 M

Therefore the concentration of NaOH is 2.47 M

Common additives to drinking water include elemental chlorine, chloride ions, and phosphate ions. Recently, reports of elevated lead levels in drinking water have been reported in cities with pipes that contain lead, Pb(s). When Cl2(aq) flows through a metal pipe containing Pb(s), some of the lead atoms oxidize, losing two electrons each, and aqueous chloride ions form. (a) Write a balanced, net-ionic equation for the reaction between Pb(s) , and

Answers

Answer:

Check the explanation

Explanation:

Kindly check the attached image below to see the step by step explanation to the question above.

A common addiction to the common water is the elemental chlorine and chlorine ions, the phosphate ions. Recent reports of the higher levels of lead in cities have to lead to the Pb(s) as CI 2 flows in petal pipes some may be oxidized.

They balanced equation of the net ionic reactions.

Pb(s) + Cl2(g) ----- Pb2+ + 2Cl- oxidation reaction :Pb(s) --- Pb2+ + 2e- Reduction reaction:Cl2 + 2e- -----Cl-

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