Koch's postulates would not be an effective method of determining the cause of hemophilia. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

Answer is: D. sodium and sulfur.

When the electronegativity difference is greater, the bond polarity is increasing..  

Electronegativity (χ) is a property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons.  

Atoms with higher electronegativity attracts more electrons towards it, electrons are closer to that atom.  

Δχ(Na-S) = 2.6 - 0.95 = 1.655; electronegativity difference between sodium and sulfur.

Ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions (cations and anions).

Sodium is metal (forms cation) and sulfur is nonmetal (forms anion).

Propyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon because it contains a carbon-to-carbon triple bond, distinguishing it from saturated hydrocarbons like Methane and Nonane, which only contain single bonds.

In Chemistry, hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. They are classified into two main types: saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbons have all single bonds and are fully saturated with hydrogen. Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain one or more carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds.

A is the correct answer. Propyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon because it contains a triple bond between two carbon atoms. On the other hand, Methane and Nonane are saturated hydrocarbons because they only have single bonds connecting their carbon and hydrogen atoms. Methyl is a part of many hydrocarbons but itself is not a complete hydrocarbon.

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Answer is: B) Wind produced by the uneven heating of Earth's surface.

Gasoline is a mixture  of many different hydrocarbons: alkanes (paraffins), cycloalkanes and alkenes (olefins). It is not renewable resource, because every year is less and less gasoline.

Natural gas is usualy methane, it is not renewable recourse.

Wind consists of the bulk movement of air.

Final answer:

Wind produced by the uneven heating of Earth's surface is the renewable resource among the options provided.

Explanation:

Among the listed options, the renewable resource is B) Wind produced by the uneven heating of Earth's surface. Renewable energy sources such as wind can be replenished within a human timescale and do not deplete. Gasoline, even if it contains some alcohol, is not renewable because it is derived from petroleum which is a finite resource. Natural gas, while it may be used alongside renewable resources, is also non-renewable as it cannot be replenished within a human timescale once it's extracted from deep underground.

Answer:

This reaction is exothermic because the system shifted to the right on cooling.  

Step-by-step explanation:

 2NO₂   ⇌   N₂O₄

brown    colourless

According to Le Châtelier's Principle, when a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system will respond in a way that tends to relieve the stress.

You applied a stress by cooling the system (removing heat). The system responded by moving in a direction that created more heat.

The mixture became lighter brown on cooling, so the position of equilibrium must have shifted to the right to generate the heat.

The reaction is exothermic.

When the light brown color equilibrium mixture was moved from room temperature to a lower temperature, the mixture turned lighter brown in color shows this reaction is exothermic because the system shifted to the right on cooling.

According the the equilibrium law, if any external element is added in the equilibrium state, ten the whole reaction will shifts to that side which reduces the effect of that additional element.

Given chemical reaction is:

2NO₂(g) ⇌ N₂O₄(g)

Where NO₂ shows brown color and N₂O₄ is colorless gas. If we notice a light brown color of the mixture when we moved from room temperature to a lower temperature then the reaction will shifts to the right side and will show exothermic behavior to overcome the external effect.

Hence, option (d) is correct.

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If a neutral atom loses electrons, type of particle which  is formed is a positively charged ion.

An ion is defined as an atom or a molecule which has a net electrical charge. There are 2 types of ions :1) cation 2) anion . The cation is the positively charged ion and anion is the negatively charged ion . As they are oppositely charged they attract each resulting in the formation of ionic bond.

Ions consisting of single atom are mono-atomic ions while which consists of two or more ions are called as poly-atomic ions . They are created by chemical interactions . They are very reactive in their gaseous state and rapidly react with oppositely charged ions resulting in neutral molecules.

Ions combine which are of opposite charges to form an ionic compound which are hard and good conductors of electricity.

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Xenon atoms occupy about 27.5% of the total volume in a sample of xenon gas at STP due to their packing.

To calculate the fraction of space that xenon (Xe) atoms occupy in a sample of xenon at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), we can use the concept of the packing fraction.

This fraction represents the volume occupied by the Xe atoms compared to the total volume of the sample.

1. Calculate the volume of one xenon atom:

  Given the atomic radius (r) of xenon as 1.3 angstroms, we need to find the volume of a single Xe atom. The formula for the volume of a sphere is [tex]V = (4/3)\pi r^3[/tex], where r is the radius.

2. Calculate the volume occupied by one mole of Xe atoms:

3. Convert the volume to liters:

4. Calculate the total volume of one mole of Xe gas at STP:

5. Calculate the packing fraction:

Therefore, xenon atoms occupy approximately 27.5% of the total volume in a sample of xenon gas at STP.

1) Answer is: A) Is boiling point affected by the strength of particle attraction?

Intermolecular forces are the forces between molecules or particles.  

For example, because of hydrogen bonds, water has higher boiling temperatures than hydrogen sulfide (H₂S).

In molecule of water there are dipole-dipole forces between negatively charged oxygen from one molecule of water and positively charger hydrogen of another molecule of water.  

Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (H), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as flourine (F), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) atoms.  

2) Answer is: A) it is a solid because strong attractive forces prevent particles from moving.

In solid, molecules are closely packed, stiff and do not changes of shape or volume. Solid object (for example wood) does not take on the shape of its container.

Liquids (for example water) have definite volume, but no fixed shape.

Gases (for example nitrogen and neeon) not have definite volume and fixed shape, it depends on its container.

3) Answer is: B) it undergoes phase change.

A physical change occurs when a substance changes phase.

For example, evaporization is phase change process in which the water changes from a liquid to a gas (water vapor).

Condensation is phase change process in which the water changes from a gas to a liquid.

If the arrangement of particles is changed, that is chemical change or chemical reaction (new substance is formed).

4) Answer is: C) Airplane and human body.

Human body converts food (chemical energy) in, for example, driving bicycle (mechanical energy).

Balanced chemical reaction for cellular respiration (convert chemical energy of glucose):  

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy .

Airplane use combustion of gasoline (chemical energy) for moving turbines.

Balanced chemical reaction of combustion of gasoline (octane):

2C₈H₁₈ + 25O₂ → 16CO₂ + 18H₂O.

5) Answer is:

a) Melting is a physical change (process), the same substance is present before and after the change, so chemical bonds and melting point of the substance are not changed.

Substance changes phase from solid state to liquid.

b) Combustion (substance set on fire) is chemical change(chemical reaction) with oxygen, so chemical bonds and melting point of the substance are changed.

6) Answer is:

The two main variables in an experiment are the independent and dependent variable.

Dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment.

Dependent variables depend on the values of controlled variables.

The dependent variables represent the output or outcome whose variation is being studied.

The dependent variables is chemical change and controlled variable is temperature.

The student is investigating if boiling point is affected by the strength of particle attraction (A), the state Z is a liquid (C), a physical change can result in a phase change (B), and the airplane and human body convert chemical energy to mechanical energy (C). The temperature can affect the rate of chemical change in an experiment.

The boiling point of substances with different intermolecular forces is being investigated to determine if the boiling point is affected by the strength of particle attraction. The correct answer to this question is A) Is boiling point affected by the strength of particle attraction?

For the state of matter described as state Z in the question, where weak forces allow for some motion, the substance is likely a liquid, indicating that the correct answer is C) it is a liquid because weak attractive forces allow for some motion.

A substance undergoing a physical change can have various outcomes, but elemental composition alteration or the formation of a new molecule would signify a chemical change, not a physical one. Thus, the correct answer is B) it undergoes phase change.

Examples of things that convert chemical energy to mechanical energy include an airplane and the human body, hence the correct answer is C) Airplane and human body.

When comparing the changes that occur when a substance melts versus when it is set on fire, melting is a physical change where the state of the substance changes from solid to liquid by the process of heating. Setting something on fire is a chemical change where the substance reacts with oxygen, often resulting in combustion and the formation of new substances.

In an experiment that investigates the effect of temperature on the rate of chemical change, a suitable hypothesis could be that increasing the temperature will increase the rate of the chemical reaction. The independent variable would be the temperature since it is the variable that is manipulated. The dependent variable is the rate of the chemical change as it depends on the temperature changes. The controlled variables are conditions like the concentration of reactants, pressure, and physical state which should be kept constant during the experiment.

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Answer:

Gallium

Explanation:

There are 2.408 × 10²⁴ atoms in 4 moles of oxygen.

HOW TO CALCULATE NUMBER OF ATOMS:

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Another way static electricity can build up in an object is induction. Induction is the transfer of electrons from one part of an object to another part, caused by the electric field of another object, without the two objects touching.

B. Earths Moon is the answer.

Hope it helped!

b. earth's moon  is the only object out of the four that is visible only by reflection.

The sun is a source of heat and light.

Although the moon can be seen at night and seems to glow, it is only reflecting light emitted from the sun.

A candle flame, similar to the sun, is a source of light and heat.

A bolt of lightning also emits light, so it is not the correct answer.

Answer: The bond formed between the elements will be ionic bond.

Explanation: We are given two elements having electronic configurations:

Element 1: [tex]1s^22s^1[/tex]

Element 2: [tex]1s^22s^22p^5[/tex]

Element 1 can easily loose 1 electron to attain stable electronic configuration and Element 2 can accept 1 electron to attain stable electronic configuration.

For these elements, there will be a complete transfer of electron from Element 1 to Element 2. Hence, this will form a ionic bond.

From the configuration, Element 1 is Lithium and Element 2 is Fluoride. So, the compound is LiF.

The atoms with the electron configurations of Lithium (1s2 2s1) and Fluorine (1s2 2s2 2p5) predominantly form an ionic bond as Lithium loses an electron and Fluorine gains that electron.

When determining the bond formed between atoms, it helps to refer to their electron configuration. The electron configurations you provided correspond to Lithium (1s2 2s1) and Fluorine (1s2 2s2 2p5).

Lithium, being a member of Group 1, is an alkali metal and tends to lose its single 2s electron to achieve a stable noble gas configuration. Fluorine, a member of Group 17 (halogens), is eager to gain an electron to achieve the stable electron configuration of noble gases as well. This exchange of electrons results in the formation of an ionic bond predominantly.

There are also covalent bonds which result from the sharing of electrons, seen in molecules where both atoms have similar electronegativities (the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons). The most common types being sigma (σ) bonds and pi (π) bonds. Sigma bonds result from the end-to-end overlapping of atomic orbitals and are the strongest type of covalent bond. Pi bonds, on the other hand, form from the side-by-side overlap of atomic orbitals and are generally weaker than sigma bonds.

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The answer is C. And to check, NA which has the atomic number of 11 is in group 1.

The element is in group 1 for having a single electron in the 3s orbital.

A neutral atom of element 11 will have a total of 11 electrons. By the Aufbau "build-up" principle, it will have:

2 + 2 + 6 + 1 = 11.

Its electron configuration shall be:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

The first ten electrons [tex]1s^{2} \; 2s^2 \; 2p^{6}[/tex] completes the first two electron shells. That leaves the atom with one valence electron in its 3s orbital. As a result, it shall be placed in group 1 of the periodic table.

(a) 0.0080 M/s

(b) 0.0020 M/s

(c) 0.0640 M/s

I hope this helps. :)

Final answer:

Doubling the concentration of CH₃Br or NaOH doubles the rate of the second-order reaction. Halving the concentration of NaOH halves the rate. Increasing both concentrations by a factor of six increases the rate by a factor of thirty-six.

Explanation:

The given reaction CH₃Br + NaOH -> CH₃OH + NaBr is a second-order reaction where the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentrations of both CH₃Br and NaOH. Based on the information provided, if the concentration of one reactant is doubled, the rate of the reaction is also doubled. Similarly, if both concentrations are doubled, the reaction rate increases by a factor of four.

The mass of water required to absorb 5.23 × 10⁴ kJ of energy during boiling is approximately 23.2 kg.

To find the mass of liquid water required to absorb a specific amount of energy during boiling, one can use the formula Qv = mLv, where Qv is the energy (in this case 5.23 × 10⁴ kJ), m is the mass we need to find, and Lv is the latent heat of vaporization, which for water is 2256kJ/kg.

Rearranging the formula to get mass, we find m = Qv/Lv. We substitute given values and calculate the mass.

So, m = (5.23 × 10⁴ kJ) / (2256 kJ/kg) = 23.2 kg (approximately).

This means that approximately 23.2 kg of water is required to absorb 5.23 × 10⁴ kJ of energy on boiling.

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The mass of liquid water required to absorb 5.23 × 10⁴ kJ of energy on boiling is approximately 23.14 kg.

The latent heat of vaporization of water is approximately 2260 kJ/kg.

The formula to calculate the mass (m) of the water is:

[tex]\[ Q = m \times L \][/tex]

where:

- Q is the amount of energy absorbed (in kJ),

- m is the mass of the water (in kg),

- L is the latent heat of vaporization (in kJ/kg).

Given:

[tex]\[ Q = 5.23 \times 10^4 \text{ kJ} \]\[ L = 2260 \text{ kJ/kg} \][/tex]

We need to find m.

Rearranging the formula to solve for m:

[tex]\[ m = \frac{Q}{L} \][/tex]

Substitute the given values:

[tex]\[ m = \frac{5.23 \times 10^4 \text{ kJ}}{2260 \text{ kJ/kg}} \][/tex]

Perform the calculation:

[tex]\[ m = \frac{52300 \text{ kJ}}{2260 \text{ kJ/kg}} \]\[ m \approx 23.14 \text{ kg} \][/tex]

The frequency of radio waves at the two stations are:

1. WIL-92.3 : Frequency = 92.3 MHz (mega hertz)

2. KSHE-94.7 : Frequency = 94.7 MHz

The wavelength (λ) and frequency (ν) are related as:

ν = c/λ ------(1)

Energy (E), frequency (ν) and wavelength (λ) are related as:

E = hν -----(2)

(or)

E = hc/λ ----(3)

A) Based on equation (2), higher the frequency higher is the energy. Therefore, station KSHE broadcasts waves with higher energy

B) Based on equation (1), higher the frequency lower will be the wavelength. Station KSHE will broadcast waves with shorter wavelength

C) KSHE will broadcast waves with higher frequency

Station KSHE-94.7 broadcasts waves with more energy, a shorter wavelength, and a higher frequency compared to WIL-92.3, as higher frequencies correspond to more energy and shorter wavelengths.

In comparing radio wave broadcasts of WIL-92.3 and KSHE-94.7, we need to consider frequency, energy, and wavelength properties of radio waves. Here is how they relate:

Given that,:

Therefore, all the three properties are higher for KSHE-94.7 as compared to WIL-92.3.

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David's conclusion is incorrect as water is a compound that requires hydrogen and oxygen for its formation. Burning hydrogen in air involves a reaction with oxygen, therefore water is formed from two elements, not just one.

David's conclusion is incorrect. Although burning hydrogen in air can produce water, this does not prove water is not a compound. Water is actually a compound because it is formed from two or more elements, hydrogen and oxygen, combined in a fixed ratio of 2 hydrogen atoms to 1 oxygen atom (H2O).

When hydrogen is burned in air, it reacts with the oxygen present in the air. Therefore, he is not just using hydrogen but also oxygen to form the resultant product, which is water.

The reaction goes like this: 2H2 (hydrogen gas) + O2 (oxygen gas) -> 2H2O (water). Each molecule of water contains atoms from two different elements, namely hydrogen and oxygen, which classifies it as a compound, according to the definition of a compound.

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David's conclusion about water is incorrect. When hydrogen burns in air, it reacts with oxygen to form water. Therefore, water is indeed a compound because it consists of more than one type of element.

David's conclusion that water is not a compound because only hydrogen is used to form it is incorrect. Water is indeed a compound because it contains atoms of more than one type of element, which in this case are hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). Even though it may seem like only hydrogen is involved, burning hydrogen in air actually consumes oxygen from the air. Thus, when hydrogen burns, it reacts with the oxygen in the air to form water.

Let's look at this simple reaction. When hydrogen gas (H₂) burns in the presence of oxygen (O₂), it produces water (H₂O). The basic balanced chemical reaction is as follows:

2H₂ (hydrogen gas) + O₂ (oxygen gas) -> 2H₂O (water)

This shows that not only is hydrogen involved in forming water, but so is oxygen. Therefore, water is indeed a compound and not just a homonuclear molecule or a mixture of hydrogen.

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1) Answer is: B) A chemical change of butane into other substances.

Balanced chemical reaction: 2C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂ → 8CO₂ + 10H₂O.

This is chemical change (chemical reaction), because two new substances are formed (carbon dioxide and waters), the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is followed by an energy change.

This is not physical change, because the same substance is present before and after the psysical change, just with different form or state of matter.

2) Answer is: A) It increases.

Electrons can jump from one energy level to another, absorbing or emitting electromagnetic radiation with a frequency ν (energy difference of the levels).

Albert Einstein (1879-1955) proposed that a beam of light is a collection of discrete wave packets (photons) with energy hν, where h is Planck constant and ν is frequency.

Energy level 2 has higher energy than energy level 1.

3) Answer is: C) 400 kPa.

Boyle's Law (the pressure-volume law): volume of a given amount of gas held at constant temperature varies inversely with the applied pressure when the temperature and mass are constant.  

p₁V₁ = p₂V₂ (the product of the initial volume and pressure is equal to the product of the volume and pressure after a change).  

p₁ = 100 kPa; starting pressure.  

V₁ = 1.0 L., starting volume.

V₂ = 0.25 L; final volume, smaller than starting volume.

p₂ = ?; final pressure.  

100 kPa · 1 L = p₂ · 0.25 L.  

p₂ = 100 kPa · 1 L / 0.25 L.  

p₂ = 400 kPa.  

When volume goes up, pressure goes down.  

When volume goes down, pressure goes up.  

4) Answer is: C) HClO₄.

Balanced chemical reaction of dissociation of perchloric acid in water:

HClO₄(aq) → H⁺(aq) + ClO₄⁻(aq).

Ionic compounds (in this example perchloric acid) conduct electricity, because it dissociate in ions and ions conduct electicity.  

Ionic substances dissociate in water on cations and anions.  

Perchloric acid (HCO₄) is one of strongest inorganic acids.  

NH₃ is ammonia, NaOH is sodium hydroxide and NH₄OH ammonium hydroxide, all are bases.

5) Answer is: D) A and D.

A catalyst is a chemical species that is present at the beginning of a reaction and reappears at the end.

An intermediate forms during the reaction and disappears before the end.

Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of an additional substance called a catalyst.

Reactions occur faster with a catalyst because they require less activation energy.

6) Answer is: D) H2O has stronger intermolecular force of attraction.

Intermolecular forces are the forces between molecules or particles.

Because of hydrogen bonds, water has higher melting and boiling temperatures than H₂S.

In molecule of water there are dipole-dipole forces between negatively charged oxygen from one molecule of water and positively charger hydrogen of another molecule of water.

Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (H), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as flourine (F), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) atoms.

  The empirical   formula  of hydrocarbon is C₃H₈

The  molecular formula of hydrocarbon   is C₆H₁₆

Empirical  formula  calculation

Hydrocarbon  contain  carbon and hydrogen

  Step 1:  find the  mass  carbon (C) in carbon dioxide (CO₂)  and hydrogen (H )  in water

mass of  of element = molar mass  of element/ molar mass molecule x total mass of    molecule

From periodic table the molar mass  of C =12,    for CO₂ = 12+( 16 x2) =44 g/mol,     for H = 1.00 g/mol,    for H₂O = (2 x1)+16 = 18 g/mol

mass of C = 12/44 x 2.641 =0.7203 g

since there are 2 atom  of H in H₂O the molar mass of H = 1 x2 = 2 g/mol

mass of H  is therefore =  2/18 x 1.442 =0.1602 g

Step 2:  find the moles of C and H

moles = mass÷ molar mass

moles of C = 0.7203 g÷ 12 g/mol = 0.060  moles

moles of H  =  0.1602÷ 1 g/mol = 0.1602 moles

Step 3: find the mole ratio  of C and H by dividing  each  mole by smallest mole ( 0.06)

for C = 0.06/0.06 =1

  For H = 0.1602/0.06 =2.67

multiply   by 3  to remove the decimal

For C = 1 x3 =3

For H = 2.67 x3 =8

therefore the empirical formula = C₃H₈

The molecular formula calculation

[C₃H₈]n  = 88.1 g/mol

[12 x 3)+( 1 x8)]n =88.1 g/mol

44 n = 88.1

divide both side by 44

n=2

therefore [C₃H₈]₂   = C₆H₁₆

1) Answer is: the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is C₃H₈.

Chemical reaction: CₓHₐ + O₂ → xC + a/2H₂O.

m(CO₂) = 2.641 g.; mass of carbon dioxide.

n(CO₂) = m(CO₂) ÷ M(CO₂).

n(CO₂) = 2.641 g ÷ 44.01 g/mol.

n(CO₂) = n(C) = 0.06 mol; amount of carbon.

m(H₂O) = 1.442 g.

n(H₂O) = 1.442 g ÷ 18 g/mol.

n(H₂O) = 0.08 mol.

n(H) = 2 · n(H₂O) = 0.16 mol; amount of hydrogen.

n(C) : n(H) = 0.06 mol : 0.16 mol /0.06 mol.

n(C) : n(H) = 1 : 2. 67 /×3.

n(C) : n(H) = 3 : 8.

2) Answer is: the molecular formula of hydrocarbon is C₆H₁₆.

M(C₃H₈) = 44.05 g/mol; molar mass of empirical formula.

M(CₓHₐ) = 88.1 g/mol; molar mass of hydrocarbon.

M(CₓHₐ) ÷ M(C₃H₈) = 88.1 g/mol ÷ 44.05 g/mol.

M(CₓHₐ) ÷ M(C₃H₈) = 2.

The molar mass of hydrocarbon is two times higher than molar mass of empirical formula, so number of carbon atoms is six and number of hydrogen atoms sixteen.

Final answer:

An FeCl3 solution is yellow, KSCN solution is colorless, and mixing these two forms a blood-red solution due to the formation of FeSCN2+.

Explanation:

The color of an FeCl3 solution would be yellow, as FeCl3 contains Fe3+ ions, which are yellow in aqueous solution. A KSCN solution would be colorless because both the potassium ions (K+) and the thiocyanate ions (SCN-) are colorless in solution.

When FeCl3 and KSCN are mixed, the solution becomes blood-red due to the formation of FeSCN2+, which is the product of the chemical reaction between Fe3+ and SCN- ions.

1. An FeCl₃ solution would be yellow.

2. A KSCN solution would be colorless.

3. Mixing FeCl₃ and KSCN would produce a blood-red color due to the formation of the Fe(SCN)²⁺ complex.

Let's answer the questions based on the given equilibrium reaction: Fe³⁺(aq) (yellow) + SCN⁻(aq) (colorless) ⇌ Fe(SCN)²⁺(aq) (blood-red).

Ans 1. An FeCl₃ solution would be yellow due to the presence of Fe³⁺ ions in the solution.

Ans 2. A KSCN solution would be colorless because SCN⁻ ions are colorless in solution.

Ans 3. When you mix FeCl₃ and KSCN, the resulting solution will be blood-red. This is because Fe³⁺ ions react with SCN⁻ ions to form the Fe(SCN)²⁺ complex, which gives a blood-red color.

(Answer) (C) 3

Boron is a non-metal with atomic number 5. The electronic configuration of boron atom is [He]2s^22p^1.

Boron atom has the tendency to obtain stable electronic configuration like its nearest noble gas helium by losing electrons. Boron atom usually loses 3 electrons from its outermost electronic shell to form a cation with +3 charge.

Therefore, boron atom loses 3 electrons while forming an ion.

According to first law of thermodynamics, energy can neither be formed nor be destroyed but can be converted from one form to another.

thus the statement that Energy can be transferred or transformed inside or outside of a system, but energy cannot be destroyed, is true statment.

Answer:

Energy can be transferred or transformed inside or outside of a system, but energy cannot be destroyed.

Explanation:

A popular principle in science is known as the principle of conservation of energy. It states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form to another.

In a system, energy transformations are possible and does happen though inefficiently according to the laws of thermodynamics but energy can never be destroyed following the laws of thermodynamics.

1) Answer is: the oxidation number of manganese in MnO₄⁻ is +7.

Permanganate anion has negative charge 1-.

Oxygen (O) in permanganate anion has oxidation number -2.

x + 4 · (-2) = -1.

x - 8 = -1.

x = +7; oxidation nzmber of manganese.

Oxidation number shows the degree of oxidation of an atom in a chemical compound.

2) Answer is: Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu.

In this chemical reaction, there is transfer of electrons from zinc (Zn) to copper (Cu). Zinc change oxidation number from 0 to +2 (lost electrons) and copper change oxidation number from +2 to 0 (gain electrons).

Oxidation half reaction: Zn⁰ → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻.

Reduction half reaction: Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu⁰.

In other chemical reactions, there is no change of oxidation number of elements.

3) Answer is: Br2 is the oxidizing agent because its oxidation number decreases.

Balanced chemical reaction: 2Al + 3Br₂ → 2AlBr₃.

In this chemical reaction, aluminium change oxidation number from 0 to +3 (lose electrons) and bromine change oxidation number from 0 to -1 (gain electrons, reduced).

Oxidizing agent is a substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances, to cause them to lose electrons.

In oxido-reduction reaction, at least one element lose and one element gain electrons.

4) Answer is: Br2 + 2Cl− → Cl2 + 2Br⁻.

Oxidation is increase of oxidation number.

In this balanced chemical reaction, chlorine change oxidation number from -1 (Cl⁻) to oxidation number 0 (Cl₂).

Oxidation half reaction: 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂⁰ + 2e⁻.

Reduction half reaction: Br₂ + 2e⁻ → 2Br⁻.

In other chemical reactions, chlorine is reduced.

5) Answer is: Observation 1 is a result of copper ions moving into the solution.

The reactivity series is a series of metals from highest to lowest reactivity. Metal higher in the reactivity series will displace another.

Copper (Cu) is higher in activity series than silver (Ag), so copper lose electron and silver gain electrons.

Copper is oxidized (increase of oxidation number) and silver is reduced.

The oxidation number of manganese in MnO4− is +7. A reaction that can power a battery is Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu. Chlorine is oxidized in the reaction 2ClO3− + 12H+ → Cl2 + 6H2O, and observation 1 in an experiment with copper and silver nitrate indicates copper ions moving into the solution.

The oxidation number of manganese in MnO4− is +7. In this compound, oxygen has a typical oxidation state of -2, and because the compound has an overall charge of -1, the oxidation number of manganese can be calculated using the equation: Mn + 4(×-2) = -1, which gives Mn a oxidation state of +7.

The reaction that could be used to power a battery is Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu. In this redox reaction, zinc is oxidized, going from Zn to Zn2+, and copper is reduced, going from Cu2+ to Cu, allowing for the transfer of electrons necessary to generate electric current.

The oxidizing agent in the reaction 2Al + 3Br2 → 2AlBr3 is Br2, because it is reduced, with its oxidation number decreasing from 0 in Br2 to -1 in AlBr3.

Chlorine (Cl) is oxidized in the reaction 2ClO3− + 12H+ → Cl2 + 6H2O. Here, the chlorine goes from an oxidation state of +5 in ClO3− to 0 in Cl2.

The correct explanation for one of the observations in the experiment with the silver nitrate solution and the copper strip is that Observation 1 is a result of copper ions moving into the solution. When the copper strip is placed in the silver nitrate solution, it undergoes oxidation, and Cu atoms lose electrons to form Cu2+ ions, which then cause the solution to turn blue.

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Answer: yes Of course

Answer: The accurate formula is [tex]Na_2O[/tex].

Explanation: Atomic no of Sodium is 11. The electronic configuration is:

Na: [tex]1s^22s^22p^63s^1[/tex]

Atomic no of Oxygen is 8. The electronic configuration is:

O: [tex]1s^22s^22p^4[/tex]

Thus sodium needs to lose one electron in order to attain noble gas configuration and Oxygen needs to gain two electrons to attain noble gas configuration.

Thus Na will lose one electron to form [tex]Na^+[/tex] and Oxygen gain two electrons to form [tex]O^{2-}[/tex]. In order to form a stable neutral compound, two sodium ions are required.

Thus the formula will be [tex]Na_2O[/tex].

The study of chemicals is called chemistry. There are two types of solution in the chemistry and these are acid and base.

The correct answer is [tex]Na_2O[/tex]

What are moles?

Thus sodium needs to lose one electron in order to attain noble gas configuration and Oxygen needs to gain two electrons to attain noble gas configuration.

Thus Na will lose one electron to form [tex]Na^+[/tex] and Oxygen gain two electrons to form[tex]O^{-2}[/tex] In order to form a stable neutral compound, two sodium ions are required.

Thus the formula will be [tex]Na_2O[/tex].

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Answer is: the two electrons in the fourth shell.

Atomic number of calcium is 20, it means that it has 20 protons and 20 electrons, so atom of calcium is neutral.  

Electron configuration of calcium atom: ₂₀Ca 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²; calcium has two valence electrons (4s²).  

In reactions it lose those two electrons ang form cation with positive charge 2+.

Atomic number is the number of protons, which is characteristic of a chemical element.

Beryllium, magnesium,calcium and strontium are alkaline earth metals. The elements have very similar properties.

Alkaline earth metals have in common an outer s- electron shell (two electrons).

Balanced chemical reaction:

4C₅H₉O + 27O₂ → 20CO₂ + 18H₂O.

According to principle of mass conservation, number of atoms must be equal on both side of chemical reaction.

Type of reaction is combustion.

Combustion is reaction with oxygen.

Organic compound reacts with oxygen and produce carbon dioxide and water.

In pure water, the concentration of hydroxide (OH-) ions and hydronium (H3O+) ions are equal due to the nature of water's dissociation, making it a neutral substance. It doesn't prefer the production of one ion over the other. Although it conducts electricity, pure water is a weak electrolyte.

The correct statement about pure water is that (A) it contains equal amounts of hydroxide, [OH-], and hydronium, [H3O+], ions. When water dissociates, it produces equal amounts of OH-, the hydroxide ion, and H3O+, the hydronium ion. This balance exists because pure water is neutral (has a pH of 7), so it doesn't favor the production of one ion over the other. Neither option (B) nor (C) are correct because they suggest an imbalance that wouldn't exist in pure water. Option (D) is incorrect as well because while pure water does conduct electricity, it's a very weak electrolyte compared to many other solutions.

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the answer is,

C. The water strider will have more difficulty moving its feet because they will be more strongly attracted to the water.

Answer:

the answer is D. edg. 2020

Explanation: