Answer:
Reaction range
Explanation:
The reaction range is when the phenotype (the characteristics an organism expresses and are visible) of an individual is dependent on its genetics and the environment, this means that the height is being limited by genetics and te environment.
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As humans organize their lives and adapt to different environments, our abilities to learn, think symbolically, use language, and employ tools and other products
a. a rest on certain features of human biology that make culture, which is not itself biological, possible.
b. prove that only fully developed adults have the capacity for culture; children lack the capacity for culture until they mature.
c. are shared with other animals capable of organized group life—such as baboons, wolves, and even ants.
d. rest on certain features of human biology that make culture itself a biological phenomenon.
e. have made some human groups more cultured than others.
Answer:
a. a rest on certain features of human biology that make culture, which is not itself biological, possible.
Final answer:
Human abilities like language and tool use are A. based on biological features that allow for culture, but culture is not solely a biological phenomenon. These features have evolved and contributed to a unique human culture that interlinks with our biology in a process called biocultural coevolution.
Explanation:
The adaptive capacities of humans, like learning, symbolic thinking, language use, and tool usage, do not exclusively mark human culture as a biological phenomenon. Rather, these abilities rest on certain features of human biology that allow for the possibility of culture, which itself is not merely biological. These biological aspects have evolved over time and are interrelated to our growth and cultural practices. Human culture is indeed shaped by biological evolution, but it is also a separate sphere that transcends mere biological needs and can influence them in return.
Our biological evolution has led to unique cognitive abilities such as symbolic language, which was a turning point for the development of complex human cultures. This reciprocal relationship between biology and culture is known as biocultural coevolution. While we share certain fundamental needs with other animals, our cultural practices distinctively channel those needs, affecting our growth and development. Despite the biological underpinnings, culture extends into a realm of shared knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes far beyond that of any other species.
which communications amanagement practices include specifying all the communcations systems and platforms that parties will use to shaer information?
The correct answer is Agreements
Explanation: Agreements include specifying all of the communications systems and platforms that parties will use to share information.
Amida recognizes that there are limitations to her proposed research study that explores students'opinions about campus mental health resources. As she writes her plan where will she share these limitations?
Answer:
Amida should share her limitations in the first section where she would describe the problem and setting.
Explanation:
Limitations are like shortcomings or influences that are not under the control of the researcher. These limitations restrict the method and conclusions of the research. So, while doing a research study, any limitation that might change or influence the result should be mentioned in the beginning where the problem (the research case study) is mentioned.
It is important to mention the limitation as reader would otherwise be wonder that if there are any conditions which might have influenced the research.
Equalitarian pluralism describes a situation in which ethnic groups coexist in equality with one another. This pattern is also referred to as _________
The correct answer is accommodation
The concept of accommodation, in psychology, indicates the mechanism of inner change of the subject. He perceives life in society through his framework of knowledge. As these structures are not inherent to being, but constituted in their interaction with the environment, the development of cognition is equivalent to the production of structures.
It can be said that the elements that trigger this process are heredity, material experience, social dissemination and balance.
Which of the following is currently encouraging rubber tree farmers to enroll in new programs?
Answer:
Low rubber prices.
Explanation:
The rubber farmers are facing problems in farming as the prices of rubber has decreased over the years. This is one of the main reason that the rubber tree farmers are looking for other alternatives and are enrolling in new programs. The lower rubber prices have affect the rubber tree farmer greatly. Thus they are enrolling in some other activity to sustain their livelihood.
Spurling et al. investigated the effects of two vocabulary learning strategies on word retention two weeks later. In this example, learning strategy is the ________ variable and word retention is the ________ variable. Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction.
Answer:
independent; dependent; -0.5
Explanation:
Independent variable: In research, the term independent variable is the variable that a researcher manipulates, changes. Any changes in the independent variable will lead to create change in the dependent variable.
Dependent variable: In research, the dependent variable is defined as the variable that a researcher tests in an experiment. The independent variable causes a direct effect on the dependent variable.
Correlation coefficient: The term correlation coefficient is defined as a coefficient that signifies the quantitative measure of any dependent and correlation i.e, the statistical relationships that exists between two or more than two observed values of data or random variables.
In a research context, the vocabulary learning strategy is the independent variable, and word retention is the dependent variable regarding your study example. Moderate correlations typically fall between 0.3 and 0.7.
Explanation:In the vocabulary learning study you are referring to, the vocabulary learning strategy is known as the independent variable, and word retention is the dependent variable. These terms are used in research to denote cause and effect relationships; the independent variable is what is manipulated to see its effects on the dependent variable.
As for correlation coefficients that represent a moderate relationship, a value between 0.3 and 0.7 (either positive or negative) often depicts a moderate effect size in psychology. So, in your scenario of examining the relationship between anxiety and life satisfaction, any correlation coefficient falling within this range would suggest a moderate relationship.
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Professor Shěn is a full-time instructor at a community college. He has been working with a group of students recently to help increase awareness of diversity, ethnicity, and ethnocentrism across the college and community. Which issue is Professor Shěn's overall focus?
a) nature and nurture
b) positive psychology
c) culture
d) gender
Answer:
c) culture
Explanation:
Culture refers to the commonly held beliefs, traditions, thoughts, laws, customs, religion, language or any other human activity which gives people collective identity. Ethnocentrism is used in social studies and refers to the belief that one's culture, ethnicity or religion is superior to others. While professor Shen studies diversity, ethnicity, and ethnocentrism in the community he is focused on the study of culture across the college and community.
Laura's mother died from Huntington's disease. Unfortunately, after opting to take a genetic test, it was determined that Laura's __________ predisposed her to Huntington's disease.
Answer:
genotype
Explanation:
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a deadly genetic related ailment that causes the gradual breakdown of the brains nerve cells. When an individual gets the HD disease, his or her mental and physical ability deteriorates mostly when the person is in the peak of his or her working years. It has been reported that everyone has the gene that can cause the HD disease, but can only get the disease in full when the individual gets the inherited expanded gene of HD.
Maslow studied the lives of exceptional, healthy, and creative people such as Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, and Eleanor Roosevelt. For this reason, his theories could be criticized for:________
A. Lacking validity
B. Decreased reliability
C. Reduced generalizability
D. Encouraging individualism
Maslow studied the lives of exceptional, healthy, and creative people such as Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, and Eleanor Roosevelt. For this reason, his theories could be criticized for: Reduced generalizability
Explanation:
Scholars in a learning setting extend generalization. It can be described as an extension to the general population of research findings or conclusions from an analysis of a sample population. Although this extension's reliability is not absolute, this is statistically likely.
When the study results refer to many various types of individuals or circumstances in general, the analysis is said to be applied well. If only a relatively small population or in very particular situations can be attributed to the data, the results are improperly generalized.
Compare and contrast the Haymarket affair, Homestead strike, and Pullman strike. On balance, what was their effect on the organized labor movement?
They started by poor working conditions. Both were violent and people were both killed. Both were angry employees. Government had to end the strike. Both resulted in no changes.
Hay market was a meeting/rally and homestead was a strike. They were in different places. Homestead began with a private police force compared to the not.
Focusing on the extent to which personality is influenced by motives outside one's own awareness is MOST relevant to the _____ perspective.
Focusing on the extent to which personality is influenced by motives outside one's own awareness is MOST relevant to the Psychodynamic perspective.
Explanation:
In the psychodynamic view, unconscious psychological procedures (for example, which we're not completely aware of emphasized, and childhood experiences are vital for molding the character of adults.
After Freud's day, the psychodynamic outlook has evolved significantly, now including new methods, such as philosophy of entity interaction and neuropsychoanalysis.
For example, excessive hand washing can also be correlated with a childhood trauma that is now affecting this behaviour, as described in the psychodynamic perspective
Assume that your SWOT analysis reveals that as your product quality has declined so too has market perceptions of your firm as a producer. Specifically, you are now seen as a relatively high-priced producer of low-quality products. Does this finding reflect a strength, a weakness, an opportunity, or a threat?
Answer:
If one is seen as a relatively high-priced producer of low-quality products.This would reflect weakness.
Explanation:
SWOT analysis is like a strategic method in which evaluation is done on focused areas for an organization to do strategic planning. Its an acronym for:
a. Strengths which depict the positive characteristics which are an advantage.
b. Weaknesses depict critical characteristics which would act as disadvantage
c. Opportunities are set of circumstances that could possibly make something as an advantage.
d. Threats are set of circumstances that have negative influence on the goal.
The given situation would be a weakness as the market is seeing the products of low quality and high price. It would be difficult for a firm to maintain its reputation and gain profit.
The finding reflects a weakness in the SWOT analysis.
The finding that market perceptions of your firm as a producer have declined due to a decrease in product quality reflects a weakness in the SWOT analysis.
A strength in a SWOT analysis would be an internal factor that gives your firm a competitive advantage, while a weakness is an internal factor that hinders your firm's performance.
In this case, the decline in product quality negatively impacts market perceptions and positions your firm as a high-priced producer of low-quality products, which is a weakness that could harm your firm's competitiveness in the market.
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Professor Carter and her research assistants are conducting a study in which they watch and record the behavior of children in a first-grade classroom. This study involves:_________.
Answer:
This study involves naturalistic observation.
Explanation:
Naturalistic observation is a technique used by researchers in which the subjects of an experiment are observed in their natural environment, context. This is normally used in order to understand better how individuals react, since they are in a natural environment and variables are not manipulated.
In this case Professor Carter and her team conduct the study watching the children in their classroom, thus using naturalistic observation.
Tabetha has a mental picture of the layout of her house, also called a ________, so when she comes home late at night she can navigate through the rooms without turning on a light. Group of answer choices
Answer:
Cognitive/mental map.
Explanation:
According to the information given, that Tabetha most likely has a mental map of her house, given that she can navigate through the rooms without turning on a single light. A cognitive map, as it's name implies, involves a mental representation to recall in which the individual can remember geographically any locational or enviromental information previously gathered. In this case, it's Tabetha's house, but it could very easily be her workplace, her parent's house, a club, etc.
A mental map is the answer to Tabetha's situation of being able to navigate through her house without turning on a light.
Explanation:
Tabetha's mental picture is also known as a cognitive map. This is a type of mental representation which serves to acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in the everyday environment. It means she's memorized the layout of her house and can navigate through it without light, essentially using her mental layout to guide her actions.
The concept of a cognitive map was first introduced by psychologist Edward Tolman in the 1940s. This principle can be applied beyond just physical locations and extends to various cognitive processes including problem-solving skills, memory, and learning.
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If something is seriously wrong, the law will prohibit it. Consequently, it's enough to rely on the law for deciding what's right or wrong?
Answer:
No, it's not enough to rely on the law for deciding what's right or wrong.
Explanation:
Though what is declared by the law as wrong is definitely wrong, we can also say that what our conscience makes us believe to be wrong should also be termed as wrong, not waiting for the law to approve. In cases of emergency, if it is required by law that the situation be handled only by the concerned authority but our conscience believes that it would get too late by then and the situation would go out of control, the conscience should be given due emphasis.Sherry is often overly generous in sacrificing her time to help others. Her friend suggests that by keeping busy in this way Sherry avoids confronting her own unconscious conflicts. Her friend's suggestion illustrates the type of explanation that is most typical of:_____________a) cognitive neuroscience.
b) structuralism.
c) freudian psychology.
d) evolutionary psychology.
Answer:
The answer is c) Freudian psychology.
Explanation:
Sigmund Freud was known for his theories of personality. His work was partly based on studying an inaccesible part of our mind called the unconscious. According to Freud, the unconscious is where most of our unwanted fears and desires are stored and, unbeknown to us, it influences many of our everyday actions.
Final answer:
The friend's suggestion that Sherry avoids confronting her own unconscious conflicts by being overly generous is most typical of c) Freudian psychology.
Explanation:
Freudian psychology places significant emphasis on the role of unconscious conflicts and motivations in shaping behavior. According to Freudian theory, individuals often engage in various activities or defense mechanisms to prevent confronting internal psychological conflicts. In Sherry's case, her excessive generosity might be interpreted as a way to focus on others' needs, thus avoiding her own internal struggles. Unlike cognitive neuroscience, which would focus on the brain mechanisms underlying such behaviors, or evolutionary psychology, which would seek an adaptive explanation for her action, Freudian psychology directly addresses the interplay between unconscious drivers and conscious actions. Defense mechanisms, including activities that deflect from internal issues, are a cornerstone of Freudian analytic techniques. These concepts are especially relevant when discussing behavior through a psychoanalytic lens, highlighting the different perspectives within psychological study. In doing so, Freudian psychology posits that our actions are influenced by unseen psychic forces, which can lead to behavior that, on the surface, may seem altruistic but may actually serve to protect the individual from psychological distress.
People's views of themselves, others, organizations, and nature are part of which macroenvironmental force?
Answer: Major cultural values
Explanation:
How people view themselves and others as well as in their views of society, nature and the universe is known through major cultural values; how they see things, how they analyse them and how they understand them.
The statement, "Those who have power use socialization to manipulate others into supporting the power structure and interests of the elite," is most closely related to ______.
Answer: Conflict theory
Explanation:
The conflict theory is basically refers to the the competition in the society for the distribution of various types of resources, inequality and the power within the society.
It is due to the limited resources available and the main maintain the social order so that it can providing the various types of benefits in the society. It is also refers to the social change and the social conflict in the society by manipulating others by using the socialization factor.
According to the given question, the given statement is basically related to the conflict theory for supporting the given power structure.
Therefore, Conflict theory is the correct answer.
The statement connects to conflict theory, which suggests that societal structures, including those related to power and wealth, are shaped by the competition between social groups, with the elite using their influence to maintain control and inequality.
Explanation:The statement given is most closely related to conflict theory, which is a sociological perspective that sees social life as a competition and focuses on the distribution of resources, power, and inequality. Figures like C. Wright Mills and G. William Domhoff have contributed to the theory by discussing how the power elite—a small group of individuals who hold significant wealth and power—manipulate social structures and policies to maintain their status and control over society. This manipulation is done through various means, such as government influence, the promotion of specific ideologies, and the socialization processes that reinforce their dominance and justify the existing power hierarchy.
Mills described the power elite as comprising economic, political, and military leaders who often come from prestigious backgrounds and utilize their positions to make decisions beneficial to their own interests. Domhoff further explains that the elite can be seen as a subculture with its own social patterns. This narrative aligns with the idea that those with power use socialization to reinforce the power structure, as outlined in the initial statement.
Overall, conflict theory offers a lens through which to understand the dynamics of power and inequality in society, suggesting that wealthy and influential groups often work to maintain and enhance their position at the expense of the wider population.
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A gas station owner properly filed a breach of a noncompete clause in an employment contract case in federal court against a former manager, who had begun building a similar gas station across the street. The owner's complaint requested money damages and an injunction to stop the construction.
The former manager wants a jury trial, but the gas station owner prefers that the issue be litigated before the judge.
Can the former manager demand a jury trial for both claims?
a. Yes, because the Seventh Amendment gives both the plaintiff and the defendant the right to demand a jury trial in civil actions.
b.Yes, because the Seventh Amendment only gives the plaintiff the right to demand a jury trial in civil actions.
c. No, because the Seventh Amendment only gives plaintiffs the right to demand a jury trial in civil actions, and when a case presents both legal and equitable claims, the right is only preserved for legal claims, not equitable claims.
d. No, because, while the Seventh Amendment gives both the plaintiff and defendant the right to demand a jury trial in civil actions when a case presents both legal and equitable claims, the right is only preserved for all legal claims, not equitable claims.
Answer:
The correct answer is:
d. No, because, while the Seventh Amendment gives both the plaintiff and defendant the right to demand a jury trial in civil actions when a case presents both legal and equitable claims, the right is only preserved for all legal claims, not equitable claims.
Explanation:
According to the seventh amendment of the United States constitution, the monetary value for which there is an inconvenience with the other party must be greater than 20 dollars, the right of trial by jury must be respected, and after the case has been examined by the jury it should not be re-examined for a second time by any other court.
In her research, Dr. Cabello focuses on how genes and the environment influence individual differences. Dr. Cabello favors the _____ perspective in psychology.
Answer:
behavioral genetics
Explanation:
Behavior genetics is the field in psychology which studies how the influence of genetics and environmental factor affects the behavior of an individual. The most recent developments in this field are investigations of variable situations, studies of how genotypes affect the individuals in choosing situations and other forms of gene-environment associations, and how genotype regulates the behavioral effects of circumstances.
This means that in a production system with fixed and variable inputs, beyond some point, each additional unit of variable input yields less and less additional output.
Answer:
The correct answer to the following question will be "Law of Diminishing Returns".
Explanation:
This law is just an economic ideology that explains how, at a certain point, that employment doesn't yield a similarly increasing number of production. In other terms, once the sum of input increases exponentially, the amount of output declines at a certain stage per each input variable.
For eg, a factory hires employees to produce its goods and, at some stage, works at an optimum level.
Therefore, it would be the right answer.
When we are around someone we dislike intensely, we often "bend over backward" to be nice to this individual. Which defense mechanism is illustrated here________-
Answer:
reaction formation
Explanation:
Reaction formation: In psychology, the term reaction formation is a kind of defense mechanism which was developed by one of the famous psychologists named Sigmund Freud.
Reaction formation is defined as the phenomenon in which an individual thinks that his or her honest desires or feelings related to social situations are legally unacceptable and therefore he or she tries to convince oneself as well as the other person that the opposite is true and exaggeratedly deliver this.
In the question above, reaction formation is the defense mechanism that is being illustrated in the given statement.
When Ann went to her doctor, he gave her a hearing test. During the test, the doctor struck several tuning forks, each of which vibrated at a distinct pitch, and asked her to choose two tones that sounded almost the same in pitch. The doctor was testing Ann's __________.
Answer:
The answer is difference threshold.
Explanation:
Also called just-noticeable difference or least perceptible difference, the difference threshold is the degree of a stimulus that must be changed in order to be recognised.
For it to be considered a difference threshold, the difference must be identified at least 50% of the time.
Tom recently visited a nutritionist who, after examining his weight and height, informed him that his _____ is 28. Because in his case it is not due to muscle or bone, Tom is considered to be _____.
Answer: Body mass index , overweight
Explanation:
Body mass index(BMI) is defined as the value that is obtained after relation height with mass of the body.It defines about composition of any human body by measuring these factor.BMI ranging between 18 to 24 is considered normal. More than or less than this measure is considered overweight and underweight respectively.
Overweight is the state of body in which body fat tends to increase which impacts in increment of body weight.This condition is more than the normal state of healthy body and thus can result in different problems like obesity, heart diseases, diabetes etc.
According to the question, Tom's BMI(body mass index) is 28 and he is considered overweight as BMI is more than normal(18 to 24) BMI of a human body due to fat .
Based on the letter, what was Lincoln's position on the Constitution?
a. It was more important than his own beliefs.
b. It was secondary to states' rights.
c. It could only work as long as there was unity.
d. It would only have power if the president was neutral.
Final answer:
Lincoln regarded the Constitution and the preservation of the Union as paramount, even over his personal views on slavery, indicating that option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Based on Lincoln's writings and historical context, his position on the Constitution emphasizes its paramount importance above all else, including his own beliefs about slavery. Lincoln believed in preserving the Union at all costs, as detailed in his letter when he states, "My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or destroy Slavery."
This suggests that answer choice (a), It was more important than his own beliefs, best represents Lincoln's position on the Constitution. In addition, it is clear that Lincoln saw the Union as imperishable, where the letter and other sources indicate that he valued national unity and the supremacy of the Union over state secession, which negates option (b), It was secondary to states' rights.
Other sources also reaffirm this position, including his inaugural address, which solidifies his stance against the expansion of slavery but also against the dissolution of the Union due to state secession, making option (c) and (d) less suitable.
According to Fred E. Fiedler’s contingency theory of leadership,
a. The dimensions of leadership style are initiating structure and consideration.
b. The task-motivated style is most effective when a situation is very favorable or unfavorable.
c. The assumption is that an individual’s leadership style is adaptable to the situation.
d. The relationship-motivated style is most effective when a situation is very unfavorable.
Answer:Option C is correct.
Explanation:
Fred E. Fiedler was born on the 13th of July in the year 1922 in Vienna, Austria. He was one of the great Psychologists in the twentieth century. Fred E. Fiedler seek to explain what leadership is all about and how to succeed as a leader.
According to Fred E. Fiedler’s In his contingency theory of leadership, he believes that being effective as a leader is based on the situation.
Option C: ''The assumption is that an individual’s leadership style is adaptable to the situation'' is correct.
Fiedler's contingency theory is one of the general contingency, the other sub theories that fall into the general contingency thing are; Path-Goal theory, Decision-making theory, and Situational leadership theory.
The contingency theory of leadership by Fred E. Fiedler is based on the premise that a leader's effectiveness is determined by the fit between the leader’s style and a specific situation. The task-motivated style is considered most effective in situations that are very favorable or very unfavorable. But, the theory does not view leadership style as flexible, meaning it doesn't believe leadership style can be easily adapted to fit different situations.
Explanation:According to Fred E. Fiedler’s contingency theory of leadership, a leader's effectiveness is contingent upon how his style meshes with the situation. In this sense, option B is correct. The task-motivated style, which focuses on organizing tasks and defining roles, is most effective when the situation is either very favorable or unfavorable. Consequently, the leader can then use task orientation to navigate through stressful or chaotic situations or to keep highly favorable situations on track. Option A refers to two dimensions of leadership, but these are typically associated with Ohio State Studies, not Fiedler. Option C is incorrect as according to Fiedler’s theory, an individual’s leadership style is fixed. Lastly, option D is not necessarily true as per the contingency theory. A relationship-motivated style may not only be effective in unfavorable situations.
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What term is defined as the authority that a commander in the Armed Forces lawfully exercises over subordinates by virtue of rank or assignment?
Answer:
Command
Explanation:
Command is the authority that a commander in the Armed Forces lawfully exercises over subordinates by virtue of rank or assignment.
The collapse of which of the following in eastern Europe was precipitated by the growing gulf between the vibrant and wealthy economies of the West and the stagnant economies of the East?
A) democracyB) communismC) free economyD) individualism
Answer: B) communism.
Explanation:
The Eastern European bloc is also known as the communist bloc, it was comprised of countries under the command of the Soviet Union since the end of World War II to the end of the Cold War when it was dissolved through the Prague agreement in 1991
The separation of the eastern bloc and the independence of many countries was due to the economic problems faced by the Soviet Union, to the annoyance of the restrictions in which they lived and the desire to raise their economies.
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Friday night is dinner night out for Sally and Harry. When they go to a Chinese restaurant, they use chopsticks to eat their noodles. When they go to an Italian restaurant they use a fork and a spoon to eat spaghetti. At home, they prefer eating all foods with their hands. Although the topography differs, they are functionally equivalent because they all result in getting food in their mouth. These different ways of eating are all part of the same ______.
1. Topographical response class
2. Discriminative stimulus
3. Stimulus Class
4. Response Class
Answer:
These different ways of eating are all part of the same response class.
Explanation:
As the topography changes, the response exhibited by the individual changes accordingly. This change in the response comes as a result of awareness of the surroundings and its relationship with self behavior. The awareness of the surrounding often tends an individual to behave in a more cultured manner. This class of varied responses to the surroundings is referred to as the response class.Sociologist Talcott Parsons suggested that the division of household labor between husband and wife is one of the fundamental sources of conflict in industrialized societies.
True / False.
The correct answer is False
Explanation: