In order to estimate the level of difficulty of text for reading instruction, which is an effective framework?

Answers

Answer 1
The answer is Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Reading Literacy Framework. It targeted reading variables that are based on text difficulty. Several variables were regularly updated to ensure that the instrument can detect text difficulty. Which would be a basis to identify and enhance the reading level of readers and achieve reading proficiency. 

Related Questions

What are the pros and cons of the current highway funding structure as related the taxes paid by motor carriers?

Answers

Below are the pros and cons of the current highway funding structure as related to taxes paid by motor carriers:


Cons:

1. There is solid restriction to fuel charges increase. 
2. The present government transportation financing structure depends essentially on tax collection of oil driven vehicles; this, nonetheless, is not reasonable in the long haul because of the real worry on environmental change. 
2. The clients of the current aberrant client charge framework which depends on tax assessment of the devoured fuel are uninformed of the sum they pay as fuel charges. 

Pros
1. Engine fuel charges yield heaps of income with less effect on the fuel costs. 
2. The financing structure of expressways has added to the monetary development and thriving of the na±on, this will con±nue into the future if the assets are well spent. 
3. Expanded engine fuel charges will urge the clients to moderate the earth and lessen clog.

Final answer:

The current highway funding structure for motor carriers has pros like stable funding and allocation based on usage, but also cons like administrative burdens, inefficiency, and potential revenue shortfalls.

Explanation:

The current highway funding structure as related to the taxes paid by motor carriers has both pros and cons.

Pros:

Stable funding: The taxes collected from motor carriers provide a stable source of revenue for highway construction and maintenance.

Allocation based on usage: The taxes paid by motor carriers are often proportional to the amount of wear and tear they cause on the highways, ensuring a fair distribution of funding.

Cons:

Administrative burden: Collecting taxes from motor carriers can be costly and time-consuming due to the need for enforcement and compliance measures.

Inefficiency: Some taxes, like toll road tax, are less efficient since they require additional infrastructure and can cause traffic congestion.

Insufficient revenue: The current funding structure may not always generate enough revenue to meet the needs of highway construction and maintenance, leading to potential budget shortfalls.

In one of the case studies in the textbook, bill gurado was a branch manager for a consumer-loan finance company in new orleans who decided to help himself to the daily deposits. instead of depositing the money into the company's bank

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You didn't finish your question, so I cannot know for sure. However, I did manage to find two such questions online - one is asking 1. How was the case settled? and the other one 2. How was Gurado's fraud discovered? Depending on which one is your question, here are the answers:
1. Gurado was terminated and he immediately paid back the money.
2. He suspected he was on the verge of being caught, called the company's president, and confessed that he had taken the money.


The name given to the fraction of deposits that a bank is legally required to hold in its vault, or as deposits at the fed, is __________.

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The answer to this question is the "REQUIRED RESERVE RATIO", it is the name given to the fraction of deposits that a bank is legally required to hold in its vault or as deposits at the fed. As per law and based on the checking account deposits, there is required reserve that a bank is legally authorized to hold.

How do distributions of income and wealth reveal the way power is distributed in a society?

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Distributions of income and wealth reveal how power is distributed in society because usually those in the top income bracket control society in all its aspects including banks and other financial institutions, news media  politics so that the rich people control society such as in our western capitalist countries despite the facade of democracy. In a socialist society on the  other hand, money is distributed equitably amongst the vast majority of the people to meet their basic needs for health and medicine, education, food and clothing and shelter first and foremost.

Gage buys from fishing guide corporation the exclusive right to sell fishing guide rods and reels in a certain area. their franchise agree­ment requires gage to pay certain administrative expenses. their agreement may also require gage to pay a percentage of the franchisor’s?

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The answer is advertising costs. Advertising fee implies a periodical expense paid by the franchisee to the franchisor for the use caused in corporate promoting. Corporate publicizing costs incorporate promoting and other showcasing programs for the diversified business. 
A class incorporated into money related bookkeeping to speak to costs related to advancing an industry, substance, mark, item name, or particular items or administrations keeping in mind the end goal to animate a want to purchase the element's items or administrations.

Because of problems associated with conflicts over schedules, budgets, and available resources (including employees), ____ departmentalization often evolves from a simple form to a more complex form.

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The answer to this question is the "MATRIX". Because of the problems associated with their conflicts over schedules, budgets and available resources including the personnel or the employees, MATRIC departmentalization often evolves from a simple form to a more complex and wider form which needs a thorough review, analysis, and study. This has been proposed and used  to a lot of offices and organization.

Midland school district needs $56,483. the taxing authority has determined that the total assessed value of all the real estate in the district is $8,825,470. find the property tax rate to the nearest hundredth of a percent.

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Midland school district needs $56,483. the taxing authority has determined that the total assessed value of all the real estate in the district is $8,825,470. find the property tax rate to the nearest hundredth of a percent.

0.64%

In wayne dennis's study of infants in iranian orphanages, only 15 percent of the orphans were walking alone by 3 to 4 years of age because

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The answer to the question above is this: they spent their days lying on their backs in cribs. Wayne Dennis has studied infants in Iranian orphanages. The infants in these orphanages were more on left lying on their backs on their cribs and this results in the delay of their physical development such as walking and other physical activities. This made the children in the orphanages walk at the age of 3 to 4 instead of 1 year old or earlier.

Your local chain grocery store has out of season produce. what is the best way to foster sustainable agriculture in your own community? question 7 options:

Answers

There are a lot of ways to foster sustainable agriculture in your own community and these are:

- Support Community Supported Agriculture (CSA’s) groups

- Eat plant-based foods

- Become aware of food and nutrition policies at the federal, state and local levels

- Support local farms

 

The best way for an employer to find out if a potential employee can do a job is by

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looking at their skills and prior work experience

An employer can be able to predict if a potential employee can do a job by looking at their skills and experience.

When a person applies for a job, they list their skills and the other jobs or roles they may have performed up to that point.

When an employer looks at these skills, they will be able to predict whether the person can do the job needed.

In conclusion, they can look at skills and experience.

Find out more on what employers look for at https://brainly.com/question/15762905.

Describe the key inputs used when developing a short-term investment policy

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A short term investment policy involves the investment of short term operating funds. Companies operate short term investments in order to generate income and to reserve liquidity. The inputs used when developing a short term investment policy include: financial position, risk assessment, yield targets assessment, liquidity assessment and cash flow forecast. 

Suppose that hca and tenet were to merge. ignoring potential antitrust problems, this merger would be classified as a:

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The appropriate response is a Horizontal merger. An even merger is a merger or business union that happens between firms that work in a similar space, as rivalry has a tendency to be higher and the cooperative energies and potential picks up in piece of the pie are considerably more prominent for consolidating firms in such an industry.

A governor decides that he or she wants to explore a run for president. after six months, the prospective candidate cannot seem to generate any widespread interest or raise funds so he or she drops out of consideration for the presidential election. this scenario is an example of which stage of the presidential processes?

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The answer to this question is Prenomination stage of Presidential process.

Prenomination is the first stage in the process of electing a President. Prenomination is a stage where the parties choose which candidate shall represent to run for Presidency. In order to run for Presidency the following are the criteria to run as President; must be a natural born citizen of the United States, at least 35 years old, and have at least 14 years or being a resident of the United Stated of America.

Describe the critical characteristics of information. how are they used in the study of computer security?

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The critical characteristics of information in computer security include confidentiality, integrity, and availability, which guide the protection of data. These principles are upheld with technical, policy-based, and procedural methods to defend against cybersecurity threats and ensure the resilience of information systems.

In the realm of computer security, understanding the critical characteristics of information is essential. These characteristics include confidentiality, integrity, and availability, often referred to as the CIA triad. Confidentiality ensures that sensitive information is accessed only by authorized users. Integrity guarantees that the data remains accurate and unaltered during transfer or storage. Availability ensures that information is accessible to authorized individuals when needed. Computer security professionals use these principles to create systems that protect against unauthorized access, alteration, and disruptions, therefore ensuring that the security of an information system is preserved.

Ensuring Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability

Confidentiality: Protecting information by granting access only to those who are authorized.

Integrity: Keeping data consistent and accurate by allowing only authorized alterations.

Availability: Ensuring that systems and data are available to users when required.

In the study of computer security, these qualities are upheld through a combination of technical measures, policies, and protocols that aim at protecting against cybersecurity threats such as network breaches, malware, and cyber-attacks. This involves regular system upgrades, monitoring for vulnerabilities, especially zero-day attacks, and implementing multiple layers of defense in depth strategies.

Professionals in this field also rely on various tools and techniques to verify information security and employ critical thinking to evaluate evidence of potential threats. Adhering to established security standards is crucial in maintaining the robustness of organizational information systems, which consist of hardware, software, and human elements, all potentially vulnerable to cyber risks.

Janet works as a senior software developer in a multinational it firm. she prefers to work as an individual contributor and volunteers to work on challenging projects. the firm encourages janet and other people like her by assigning them to projects that require a great deal of innovation. the firm motivates janet by appealing to her need for __________.​

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The firm motivates Janet by appealing to her need for achievement as she is a type of individual who always volunteers on projects that are challenging of which she has a sense of determination in tackling things like this which will make her even more motivated if she has achieved and finished the work to be done.

List the reasons that good candidates for corporate board positions are hard to find.

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Good candidates for corporate board positions may be hard to find because of the qualities they need to display. They probably should have a good track record with previous experience on such a board. Their record should include how they showed that they could manage money to say keep a company afloat in tough economic times and how they were able to help a company to make steady profits but also how they were ethical in their business dealings and ensured the safety and health of their employees. 

Assume initially the economy is at full employment. if aggregate demand increases, the aggregate price level and costs will ______, and ultimately, the short run aggregate supply curve shifts to the _______.

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If aggregate demand increases, the aggregate price level and costs will INCREASE OR RISE, and ultimately, the short run aggregate supply curve shift to the LEFT. The aggregate price level increases because demand increases and the supply curve shift to the left because supply will decrease.

An organization's ___________ describes what the organization hopes to become in the future.

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An organization's vision statement describes what the organization hopes to become in the future.

For individuals in their golden years who are approaching? retirement, a mix of? ________ percent common stocks and? ________ percent bonds is a relatively common recommendation from financial planners.

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The answer to this question is that a mix of 60 percent of common stocks and 40 percent of bonds is the common recommendation of financial planners.

Those who are approaching retirement and want to invest or save for their retirement a mix of stocks, bonds, and amounts of savings will do in order for them to achieve their goal in having a retirement fund. Mixing in this kind of fund is also known as asset allocation. Asset allocation is a strategy in investing where in the investor balances the risks and reward by focusing on the investment goal of the person / investor.  

Neighbors have gotten into a quarrel over a big black walnut tree that sits on mr. jones' property. the tree's limbs extend over to mr. simpson's property, and the fruit from the tree falls everywhere, leaving a big mess. mr. simpson wants the limbs removed from his property. does he have a legal reason to want this done?

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Mr. Simpson has the rights to remove the limb from his property because although the tree is residing in Mr. Jones' property, it does not mean that Mr. Simpson has no rights when the limbs of the tree has occupied his lot. He has the right to do so because the limbs are in his lot, which means he could also has the right to do what he wants with it. If the limbs of the tree was not on his property, then it is only right that he does not meddle with the tree or remove it.

If someone has no way to make money but to sell his own labor, then he must be a member of what social group?

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If someone has no way to make money but to sell his own labor, he must be a member of: the proletariat
The proletariat is the group within a capitalist society that contribute the most labors and do not possess any significant things other than those labors. Even though they're the backbone of every capitalist society, they tend to be placed on lower economic bracket

On june 8, alton co. issued an $90,000, 6%, 120-day note payable to seller co. assuming a 360-day year for your calculations, what is the maturity value of the note?
a. $90,450
b. $90,000
c. $91,800
d. $95,400

Answers

Maturity Value = Principal  x ( 1 + Rate x Time )
Here is:
Principal = $90,000
Rate = 6% = .06
Time = 120 / 360
Maturity value = $90,000 x ( 1 + .06 x 120/360 ) =
= $90,000 x ( 1 + .02 ) =
= $90,000 x 1.02 = $91,800
Answer:   c. $91,800

Executives at mary kay cosmetics' european operations are conducting a study analyzing why households have stopped purchasing certain products. these executives are engaging in

Answers

The executives are engaging in MARKET RESEARCH. Market research refers to the action of gathering appropriate information about consumers needs and preferences. Market research enables a company to pinpoint its target market and to gather the opinions of consumers concerned its products. 
Final answer:

The executives are conducting market research to understand why households have stopped buying certain products.

Explanation:

The executives at Mary Kay Cosmetics' European operations are engaging in market research in order to understand why households have stopped purchasing certain products. This analysis is a part of their effort to identify the reasons behind the decline in sales. By conducting this study, they can gather data and insights to make informed decisions and develop strategies to address the issue.

Ceilidh's team members feel attracted to the team and motivated to remain part of it. ceilidh's team can be characterized as ____.

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The statement above could be described as team cohesiveness. This enables a group or team to be able to interact to one another and in a way that they will find it interesting and to be attracted to it. Having this though could make their group or team to have unity or collaboration to each other in a way of having felt the sense of belonging which we could see above.

Question help mantua motors is evaluating a capital investment opportunity. this project would require an initial investment ofâ $38,000 to purchase equipment. the equipment will have a residual value at the end of its life ofâ $3,000. the useful life of the equipment is 5 years. the new project is expected to generate additional net cash inflows ofâ $12,000 per year for each of the five years. mantuaâ motors' required rate of return isâ 14%. the net present value of this project is closest to

Answers

Given:
initial investment of $38,000
residual value at the end of its life of $3,000.
useful life of the equipment is 5 years. a
additional net cash inflows of $12,000 per year for each of the five years.
mantua motors' required rate of return is 14%. 

NPV = 12,000 * [(1-(1.14)^-5) / 0.14] – 38,000

NPV = 12,000 * [(1 – 0.519)/0.14] – 38,000

NPV = 12,000 * (0.481/0.14) – 38,000

NPV = 12,000 * 3.436 – 38,000

NPV = 41,232 – 38,000

NPV = 3,232


We need to consider the residual value of 3,000 that the company will have at the end of 5 years. It serves as an additional cash flow, thus, we need to add its PV to the NPV.


Present Value factor of the 3,000 is:

PV Factor = 1 / (1+r)^n

PV Factor = 1 / (1+0.14)^5

PV Factor = 1 / 1.925

PV Factor = 0.519

3,000 x 0.519 = 1,557

We add this to the NPV.

3,232 + 1,557 = 4,789


The Net Present Value of the project is 4,789. 

A positive economic profit signals that the investors of a firm should divert their funds to alternative ventures.
a. True
b. False

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The correct answer is B. false.
If something is good, then there is no need to change it if there are no problems at all. If this company is making a profit because of a venture they invested in, then why would they seek alternative ventures and risk losing the profit they gained.

The famous ebbinghaus forgetting curve indicates that how well we remember information depends on

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The famous Ebbinghaus forgetting curve indicates that how well we remember information depends on how long ago we learned that information.
Final answer:

The Ebbinghaus forgetting curve shows that memory retention depends on factors such as retention interval, review, interference, and context.

Explanation:

The famous Ebbinghaus forgetting curve indicates that how well we remember information depends on several factors:

Retention Interval: The length of time between learning and retrieval affects memory. For example, we are more likely to forget information quickly if the retention interval is short. Review: Regularly reviewing information helps reinforce memory. Without review, forgetting can occur. Interference: New information or experiences can interfere with the retrieval of old memories, causing forgetfulness. Context: Memory is often tied to the context in which the information was learned. Changing the context can make it difficult to recall.

Learn more about Memory retention here:

https://brainly.com/question/32921067

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What is the current yield for a $1,000 corporate bond that pays 7.5 percent and has a current market value of $950?

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The yield for a $1000 corporate bond that has a present market value of $950 at 7.5 % would be $950 x 0.075= $71.25 or its' total value would become $1021.25 as it would have to be based on the present market value.

Leo's lawn care purchased equipment on january 1. the cost was $15,000, and the equipment had a residual value of $4,000. the equipment was given a useful life of 7 years. after the end of two years, it was determined that the equipment would be obsolete in 3 more years, and the residual value would still be $4,000. what will be the depreciation under the straight-line method to the nearest dollar for the third year?

Answers

For the 1st case: It was stated that the initial value is $15,000, salvage value is $4,000 and the useful life is 7 years. Therefore the depreciation per year assuming straight line depreciation is:

Depreciation = ($15,000 - $4,000) / 7 years

Depreciation = $1,571.43 / year

Since this 1st case covered 2 years, then the value after 2 years is:

Value after 2 years = $15,000 – ($1,571.43 / year) * 2 years

Value after 2 years = $11,857.14

 

For the 2nd case: After 2 years the useful life is adjusted and there would only be a remaining life of 3 more years whie the salvage value is still at $4,000. The depreciation after 2 years is:

Depreciation = ($11,857.14 - $4,000) / 3 years

Depreciation = $2,619 / year

Therefore the depreciation for the third year is $2,619. While the remaining value after 3 years is $11,857.14 -  $2,619 = $9,238.14

As the name monopolistic competition implies, a firm’s decisions in this setting will in certain ways resemble ______________ and in other ways resemble________________ .

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The answer to this first unknown in the problem is "MONOPOLY" while in the second unknown in the problem is "PERFECT COMPETITION". Hence, we could say that as the name monopolistic competition implies, a specific firm's decision of judgments in the setting will in certain ways resemble a MONOPOLY and in other ways, it also resembles PERFECT COMPETITION between companies and businesses. 
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