in cystic fibrosis, a change in a single gene causes the protein called CFTR to?
a. become less soluble
b. fold improperly
c. destroy the cell membrane
d. transport sodium ions

Answers

Answer 1
C bc it make more since
Answer 2
a. become less soluble


The CFTR gene provides instructions for making a protein called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. This protein functions as a channel across the membrane of cells that produce mucus, sweat, saliva, tears, and digestive enzymes. The channel transports negatively charged particles called chloride ions into and out of cells. The transport of chloride ions helps control the movement of water in tissues, which is necessary for the production of thin, freely flowing mucus. Mucus is a slippery substance that lubricates and protects the lining of the airways, digestive system, reproductive system, and other organs and tissues. More than 1,000 mutations in the CFTR gene have been identified in people with cystic fibrosis. Most of these mutations change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the CFTR protein or delete a small amount of DNA from the CFTR gene. The most common mutation, called delta F508, is a deletion of one amino acid at position 508 in the CFTR protein. The resulting abnormal channel breaks down shortly after it is made, so it never reaches the cell membrane to transport chloride ions. All of these changes prevent the channel from functioning properly, which impairs the transport of chloride ions and the movement of water into and out of cells. As a result, cells that line the passageways of the lungs, pancreas, and other organs produce mucus that is abnormally thick and sticky. The abnormal mucus obstructs the airways and glands, leading to the characteristic signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis.

Related Questions

What is the next step in the scientific method, following stating a question

Answers

Research is the next step

Answer:

Scientific method

Starts with observation

Hypothesis

Experiment

Data analysis

Conclusion

Explanation:


Define homozygous
Define heterozygous.​

Answers

Homozygous - when 2 alleles are the same in a gene(s).

Heterozygous - when 2 alleles are different in a gene(s).

Best of Luck!

In terms of science:

Homozygous: both alleles are the same

ie. HH or hh

Heterozygous: the two alleles are different

ie. Hh

Eggs are developed and released by the
Sperm is produced by the

Answers

Answer:

Eggs are developed and released by the ovaries.

Sperm is produced by the testes.

Explanation:

Ovaries are the site in females where the production of egg takes place. After the formation of an egg, the egg is transported to the fallopian tube, where it might undergo fertilization if a sperm unites with it.

Sperms are the male reproductive cells which are produced by many animals. The sperms are produced in the testes of males.

The sperm and the egg unite to form a fertilized zygote.

Answer:

ovaries

testes

Explanation:

Jus took test Edge 2020

Please HELP!!! Will mark as Brainlist!!! A loud sound means the sound wave has

a long wavelength
a high amplitude
a low frequency
a high frequency

Answers

The answer is a hight amplitude

the second choice

1) How is DNA condensed to form a chromosome?
2) What is the difference of mechanism genes and the DNA
segments between them?
3) What is the difference between a gene expression and the
genetic code?
(Will give brainliest if answered correctly) only need 1-3 sentences for each thank you!!

Answers

Answer:

Hello! Here are the answers:

Chromosomes are a highly condensed form of a combination of DNA and protein called chromatin. DNA strands (negatively charged) are tightly wound around these proteins called histones (positively charged) to form chromosomes.Mechanism genes code for for proteins that govern life processes. These genes or portions of DNA  are called exons. DNA segments between these exons are called introns that strictly code for regulatory proteins and also contain genetic regulatory elements (DNA sequences that control gene expression).Gene expression is the process of translation of DNA sequences into proteins. The genetic code is the nucleotide sequence in the DNA itself that codes for different amino acids that combine together to form a functional protein.

Explanation:

* 2. The intronic regions are misleadingly referred to as "junk DNA" but introns code for crucial regulatory elements that control gene expression.

* 3. The genetic code determines the sequence of amino acids in various proteins.

Will give brainliest plz help

Answers

Answer:

Enzyme A - Flotase

Enzyme B - Zoomase

Enzyme C - Snotase

Enzyme D - Floxtase

Explanation:

This question is testing your knowledge of the pH scale. The information provided gives you information about what pH environments the enzymes work best in. We also have the information from the experiment showing the optimum pH.

Snotase works in neutral environments. A neutral environment is a pH of 7, which corresponds to enzyme C.

Flotase works in EXTREMELY acidic environments. The most acidic environment we have is for an optimal pH of 1, which corresponds to enzyme A.

Zoomase works in acidic environments, which corresponds to a pH of 3, the optimum for enzyme B.

Floxase works in basic environments, which are pH of more than 7, which is enzyme D.

The current eccentricity of Earth is .017. The shape of the Earth's orbit changes from being elliptical (high eccentricity) to being
nearly circular (low eccentricity) in a cycle that takes between 90,000 and 100,000 years. When the orbit is highly elliptical, the
amount of insolation received at perihelion would be on the order of 20 to 30 percent greater than at aphelion. What would be the
predicted result of this change?
A)
A catastrophic event such as one of the previous ice ages.
A much warmer climate than what we are currently experiencing.
24 hours of daylight, as experienced in the summers at both poles
currently
EU
Changes in seasonal variation; there would be no spring or fall throughout
the latitudes

Answers

Answer:

B IS THE CORRECT ANSWER IM JUST GUESSING BTW

Explanation:

Answer:

Option B A much warmer climate than what we are currently experiencing.

24 hours of daylight, as experienced in the summers at both poles

currently

Explanation:

The change in the earth's orbit pathway affects the change in the climatic conditions of the earth. For example, the earth, when it is closer to the sun, results in a warmer climate.

However, the earth, when the axis is a little away from the sun, results in a slight decrease in the temperature of the earth.

Thus, when the orbit is highly elliptical, the  amount of isolation received at perihelion would be on the order of 20 to 30 percent greater than at aphelion resulting in a warmer climate.

Living in urban environments can influence an individual's behavior

Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Save and Frit

Answers

Answer:

True.

Explanation:

Living in an urban environment can have an impact on the on individual behaviors as the individual will have to face competition from the other individuals and as a result of the clothing, eating and sleeping habits and behavior will be affected as a city in urban environments have more traffic jams air and noise pollution and high population density.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Im HIM

Two male birds of the same species competing for mates in the same area is which type of competition?

whos your favorite DBS character

Answers

Answer:

Intraspecific competition

Explanation:

Intraspecific competition can be described as a competition which arises between organisms of the same species. The organisms might compete with one another due to the limited resources present such as water, food, shelter, mating partner etc. For example, two male birds of the same species competing for mates in the same area.

On the contrary, interspecific competition can be described as the competition which arises between organisms of different species.

What is said to be 'paid back' by the oxidation of lactic acid after anaerobic respiration?

Answers

Answer:

oxygen

Explanation:

the oxygen debt must be ‘repaid’ once exercise stops causing deep breathing for some time

Oxygen said to be 'paid back' by the oxidation of lactic acid after anaerobic respiration.

What is the process oxidation of lactic acid?

The simplest process for lactate oxidation is:

lactate → pyruvate → acetyl CoA  → Tri-Carboxylic Acid, oxphos, etc.

A route can take place for lactate taken up by the liver in the body. There it is converted to glucose via the process of gluconeogenesis, and glucose is released into the blood. Other tissues consume glucose and completely oxidize it to carbon dioxide (CO2) and water.

Lactic acid is an essential part of the human body. It helps in cell respiration, glucose production, and molecule signaling. Lactic acid does not cause muscle soreness.

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Which of these is the source of nutrients for an autotroph?
O
A. Eucalyptus leaves
O
B. Mushrooms
O
C. Inorganic substances
O
D. Animals

Answers

Answer:

the answer is c

Explantation:

Final answer:

The source of nutrients for an autotroph is c) inorganic substances. Autotrophs, including plants and some bacteria, utilize inorganic molecules to create their own food through processes such as photosynthesis and chemosynthesis.

Explanation:

The source of nutrients for an autotroph is C. Inorganic substances. Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food using inorganic molecules, unlike heterotrophs, which require organic compounds for nutrition. Autotrophic organisms, such as plants and certain bacteria, convert inorganic carbon dioxide into organic carbon compounds through processes like photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. For instance, chemoautotrophs use inorganic molecules as a source of energy, with specific bacteria and archaea being examples of this group. Similarly, the primary producers in an ocean grazing food web, such as phytoplankton, utilize inorganic nutrients from their surroundings to produce organic matter.

What is the point where rivers change from broad, deep, and slow-moving to narrow and swift?

the coastal plain
the piedmont plateau
the mountain ridge
the fall line

Answers

The correct answer is option (D). The fall line is the correct term for the location where a river's flow changes from broad and slow to narrow and swift.

The fall line is the point where rivers change from broad, deep, and slow-moving to narrow and swift. This transition occurs because the fall line marks the geological boundary between the hard, resistant rocks of the Piedmont Plateau and the softer, more erodible rocks of the coastal plain.

As a river flows from the coastal plain to the Piedmont Plateau, it encounters this change in rock type, which often results in a series of waterfalls or rapids, hence the term fall line. This is where the river's gradient increases, causing the water to flow more quickly and the river channel to narrow.

The other options provided do not describe the specific point of transition in river characteristics as accurately as the fall line does:

- The coastal plain is a flat, low-lying area near the coast where rivers tend to be broad and slow-moving.

- The Piedmont Plateau is an area of rolling hills where rivers may be faster-flowing but does not specifically refer to the transition point.

- The mountain ridge is a long, narrow elevation on a mountain, which is not related to the transition of river characteristics from slow to swift.

The complete question is:

What is the point where rivers change from broad, deep, and slow-moving to narrow and swift?

A) the coastal plain

B) the piedmont plateau

C) the mountain ridge

D) the fall line

Motor neurons release neurotransmitter crosses neuromuscular receptors on muscle Fibers and Initiates a contraction.A toxin made the Clostridium botulinum prevents the release of the neurotronsmitter acetylcholine, preventing it from crossing the neuromuscular junction and binds to muscle fiber receptors. Based on that information, are the symptoms of someone poisoned with botutism?Explain.

Answers

Answer:

The symptoms of someone poisoned with botulism are drooping eyelids , trouble breathing , blurred or double vision, nausea, abdominal cramps , dry mouth , difficulty in speaking  or swallowing, facial weakness and muscle weakness resulting in paralysis.

Explanation:

Botulism is caused by botulinum toxin (neurotoxin), which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. This toxin blocks the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, prevents it from crossing the neuromuscular junction and binds to muscle fiber receptors. As a result, the nerves are paralyzed and they cannot stimulate the muscle to contract. This causes trouble in breathing, drooping eyelids , blurred or double vision, slurred speech, difficulty in swallowing, facial weakness, nausea, abdominal cramps , dry mouth and muscle weakness which results in flaccid paralysis.

which of the following describes the relationship between population growth and the underground water supply?
A. as the population grows, the water supply remains the same, thus increasing its demand.
B. As the population grows, the water supply is increased due to modern technology.
C. As the population grows, the water supply grows proportionally because of the increased demand.
D. As the population grows, the water supply shrinks due to the increased demand.

Answers

D

Usually, with increased population growth, there is a direct increase in demand for resources such as water.

Explanation:

When the demand for water by the population overwhelms the supply from surface sources such as lakes and rivers, underground water is taped. Boreholes are sunk to reached water aquifers.

However, drawing underground water more than it is replenished by precipitation, lowers the water table. As a consequence deeper boreholes have to be sunk to reach more underground water.  A critically lowered water table can result in drought in the region.

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Answer:

As the population grows, the water supply remains the same, thus increasing its demand.

Which of these statements describes a limitation of the Antarctic Treaty
System?

A. It lacks a plan for proper waste disposal.

B. It does nothing to protect scientists working in Antarctica.
C. It lacks references to mineral resources.
D. It does nothing to protect the atmosphere over Antarctica,

Answers

Answer:

The correct option is D) It does nothing to protect the atmosphere over Antarctica.

Explanation:

On December 1, 1959, the Antarctic Treaty was signed in Washington. According to this treaty, Antarctica was to be used for peaceful purposes. This treaty regulates international relations with the Antarctica region. Freedom to different scientists for research in this area was given through this treaty.

However, the treaty did not discuss anything related to the protection of the atmosphere around Antarctica. Hence, option D can be considered to be a limitation of the Antarctic Treaty  System.

imagine that a landscaper was frustrated by grasshoppers eating the grass of the lawns that he cares for. The landscaper decided to use a pesticide and successfully killed all of the grasshoppers in the ecosystem. Explain how the lost of all the grasshoppers affect the lizard, rabbit, and snake population.

Answers

Answer: the loss of grasshoppers would result in less food sources for the animals

Explanation: of those animals are the grasshoppers and now they are no longer there anymore, they would have less of a food supply

Final answer:

The loss of grasshoppers can lead to food shortages for lizards and snakes, decreased predator populations, potential rabbit overpopulation and vegetation decline, and demonstrates the critical role of predators and biodiversity in ecosystem management.

Explanation:

Impact of Grasshopper Removal on Lizard, Rabbit, and Snake Populations


The loss of grasshoppers in an ecosystem as a result of pesticide use can significantly affect the populations of other animals such as lizards, rabbits, and snakes. Grasshoppers serve as a food source for lizards and snakes. So, their absence means these predators may face a food shortage, which can lead to a decrease in their populations over time. Rabbits, on the other hand, might initially benefit from reduced competition for vegetation if the grasshoppers are no longer consuming the plants. However, as the predator populations decline, this can lead to an overpopulation of rabbits, which may result in overgrazing and a subsequent decline in vegetation. This indicates the importance of pest-suppressing organisms and the role of predators in maintaining the balance in ecosystems.

Furthermore, the non-target effects of pesticides can cause significant harm as it can kill beneficial species that were not intended to be eradicated. This disrupts food webs and could result in secondary pest outbreaks where other pests, previously controlled by now-depleted natural predators, begin to rise in numbers. This emphasizes the critical role of biodiversity and natural pest control mechanisms as part of ecosystem management.

what is a function of tRNA

Answers

Answer:

Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that helps decode a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a protein. tRNAs function at specific sites in the ribosome during translation, which is a process that synthesizes a protein from an mRNA molecule.

• Analyze the diagram and determine what
direction water will flow - Left to right, Right
to left, or equally back and forth. Justify your
answer.

Answers

hey hey no no hey hey no no

4. An uncut lawn becomes a meadow and eventually a forest. This process is an example 01 _
a. symbiosis
c. carrying capacity
b. succession

Answers

Final answer:

Succession is the process by which an uncut lawn develops into a meadow and eventually a forest, beginning with pioneer species and progressing to a climax community.

Explanation:

The process in which an uncut lawn becomes a meadow and eventually a forest is an example of succession. Succession is the sequential development of plant and animal communities in an area where no soil initially exists (primary succession) or in an area that has been disturbed and contains soil (secondary succession). This ecological process starts with pioneer species, such as grasses, which improve soil quality and allow other plants to move into the area.

Over time, these pioneer species are replaced by subsequent groups of plants and ultimately by a mature community, often a forest in the case of secondary succession. This eventual stable community is known as the climax community, which will persist until the next significant disturbance. The change in community structure and the diversity of species are influenced by abiotic factors including soil quality, water availability, and climate.

A scientist wanted to find out if the amount of plant food affects the number of beans produced in bean plants. Which of the following would be a good hypothesis for her experiment? A) since plants grown in poor soil often need food to grow is expected that bean plants given the most plant food will grow the tallest. B) since plants grown in poor soil often need food to grow is expected that the bean plants given the most water will produce the most beans. C) since plants grown in poor soil often need to need food to grow it is expected that bean plants given the most water will grow the tallest. D) since plants grown in poor soil often need food to grow it is expected that bean plants given the most plant food will produce the most beans.

Answers

Answer:

The correct option would be D) since plants grown in poor soil often need food to grow it is expected that bean plants given the most plant food will produce the most beans.

Explanation:

A hypothesis can be described as a tentative statement which can be proved to be either right or wrong through scientific experiments.

Since the scientists wanted to test the effect of amounts of plant food on the number of beans produced hence the most suitable hypothesis would be " since plants grown in poor soil often need food to grow it is expected that bean plants given the most plant food will produce the most beans."

Other options like option A are not correct because option A refers to the eight of the plant whereas we want to observe the number of beans.

Answer:

D) since plants grown in poor soil often need food to grow it is expected that bean plants given the most plant food will produce the most beans.

Explanation:

A hypothesis can be described as a tentative statement which can be proved to be either right or wrong through scientific experiments.

Since the scientists wanted to test the effect of amounts of plant food on the number of beans produced hence the most suitable hypothesis would be " since plants grown in poor soil often need food to grow it is expected that bean plants given the most plant food will produce the most beans."

is the breakdown of glucose into a form that converts it into a more useful energy for the cell.

Glycolysis

Photosynthesis

Osmosis

Answers

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into a form that converts it into a more useful enerfy for the cell.

an asteroid can have a moon if the

Answers

Final answer:

Asteroids can have moons if their gravity is strong enough to capture smaller objects into orbit. This has been observed with asteroids like Ida and its moon Dactyl, and is evidenced by Mars's moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are probably captured asteroids.

Explanation:

Can an Asteroid Have a Moon?

An asteroid can indeed have a moon, as we've learned from observations of asteroids such as Ida and its moon, Dactyl. When the Galileo spacecraft flew by Ida, it discovered Dactyl, a moon orbiting the asteroid. Dactyl's presence allowed scientists to measure Ida's mass and density using Kepler's laws. This is significant because, typically, an asteroid can have a moon if the asteroid's gravity is sufficient to capture a smaller object into its orbit, either as a result of an impact event or through a capture process.

For example, Phobos and Deimos, the two moons of Mars, are believed to be captured asteroids. Larger bodies in the solar system, like Jupiter and Saturn, have also probably captured smaller asteroids to form some of their moons. This demonstrates that asteroid moons are an important part of our understanding of the formation and evolution of our solar system.

The possibility of an asteroid having a moon adds valuable data to our knowledge of asteroid masses and densities, which in turn informs us about the conditions in the early solar system and the processes involved in planetary formation. It's fascinating to think of how the dynamics of smaller celestial bodies contribute to the intricate dance of our cosmic neighborhood.

The motion of an object is called inertia. What force works against an object in motion, or inertia?
a.Gravity
b.Transition
c.Normal
d.Friction

Answers

Answer:

i think it is friction bcs gravity helps an abject move and friction causes it to slow down

Explanation:

During the cell cycle, a cell grows ____________.
Question 1 options:

and dies.

and divides.

without completing cytokinesis.

without completing mitosis.

Answers

Answer:

and divides

Explanation:

Answer:

and divides.

Explanation:

hope it helps UwU

Rabbit ears can be either shorter floppy where short ears or dominant over floppy ears there are 653 individuals in a population of 104 rabbits have floppy years and 549 have short ears find the frequency of dominant and recessive alleles and the frequency of individuals with dominant heterozygous and recessive genotypes

Answers

Answer:

frequency of dominant and recessive alleles - 0.6, 0.4

frequency of individuals with dominant,  heterozygous and recessive genotypes - 0.36, 0.48, 0.16

Explanation:

Given -

Short ears (S) is dominant over floppy ears.

Total population of rabbits [tex]= 653[/tex]

Population of rabbits with floppy ears [tex]= 104[/tex]

Population of rabbits with short ears [tex]= 549[/tex]

Frequency of rabbits with floppy ears is equal to

[tex]\frac{104}{653} \\= 0.159[/tex]

Thus as per Hardy weinberg's equation, frequency of recessive phenotype is represented by [tex]q^2\\[/tex]

Thus,

[tex]q^2 = 0.159 =0.16\\q = \sqrt{0.16} \\q = 0.4[/tex]

Thus,

[tex]p = 1-q\\p = 1-0.4\\p= 0.6[/tex]

Frequency of rabbits with short ears only

[tex]= p^ 2 \\= 0.6^2\\= 0.36\\[/tex]

Frequency of heterozygous rabbit (Ss)

[tex]p^2 + q^2 + 2pq = 1\\0.16 + 0.36 + 2pq = 1\\2pq = 1 - 0.36-0.16\\2pq = 0.48[/tex]

Final answer:

The frequency of the dominant allele is 0.81, the frequency of the recessive allele is 0.19, the frequency of individuals with dominant heterozygous genotype is 0.3098, and the frequency of individuals with recessive genotype is 0.0361.

Explanation:

The question asks for the frequency of the dominant and recessive alleles, as well as the frequency of individuals with dominant heterozygous and recessive genotypes. To calculate these frequencies, we need to know the number of individuals with each genotype.

Given that there are 653 individuals with floppy ears and 549 individuals with short ears, we can determine the frequencies as follows:

The frequency of the dominant allele (p) can be calculated as the square root of the frequency of individuals with floppy ears. In this case, p = √(653/104) = 0.81.The frequency of the recessive allele (q) can be calculated as 1 - p. In this case, q = 1 - 0.81 = 0.19.The frequency of individuals with dominant heterozygous (Hh) genotype can be calculated as 2 * p * q. In this case, Hh = 2 * 0.81 * 0.19 = 0.3098.The frequency of individuals with recessive (hh) genotype can be calculated as q². In this case, hh = 0.19² = 0.0361.

Therefore, the frequency of the dominant allele is 0.81, the frequency of the recessive allele is 0.19, the frequency of individuals with dominant heterozygous genotype is 0.3098, and the frequency of individuals with recessive genotype is 0.0361.

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Limitations of models includes

Answers

Answer:

A model is used to simulate reality. Although a model can be effective in a number of ways but still it has many drawbacks. Some of the drawbacks are:

They cannot replace reality. Not all the factors influencing a certain event can be studied while generating a model. Hence, there is always a difference between a model and reality.Most models are just approximations and explain things in a convenient manner. They cannot depict the actual complications of a system.

what are 3 positive and 3 negative aspects of trading internationally

Answers

Answer:

answer in explanation

Explanation:

Positives:

1) We start to trade with other countries introducing new items

2) labor might be cheap in other country's thus we can take advantage of that

3)They create jobs and boost the economics

Negatives:

1) Government might place tariffs

2) Tariffs can reduce jobs in that specific industry

3)Country's can loose their farming based economy and start to buy off others

Final answer:

Positive aspects of international trading include increased access to goods and services, economic growth, and export opportunities. Negative aspects include job losses, dependency on foreign markets, and trade imbalances.

Explanation:Positive Aspects of International Trading:


   Increased access to a wider variety of goods and services from different countries
   Opportunities for economic growth and expansion of domestic industries
   Potential for increased income and job creation through export opportunitiesNegative Aspects of International Trading:
   Competition from foreign industries may lead to job losses and factory closures
   Dependency on foreign markets and fluctuations in exchange rates can pose risks
   Imbalance in trade can result in trade deficits and accumulation of foreign debt

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Which of the following is an example of a prey adaptation?

A. a wolf’s sense of smell

B. the big eyes of an owl

C. a rattlesnake’s poisonous fangs

D. the speed of a deer

Answers

The big eyes of owl is the right answer

Answer:

I think it's D) the speed of a deer

What is one way the plant uses the sugar that is produced in the leaves

Answers

Answer:

well,

Explanation:

THE PLANTS;

In the leaf cells, the sugars produced by the plants are used as a source of energy. Some plants have special storage organs where the sugar is converted back to starch to be stored for long periods. The storage maybe roots, stems, fruits or seeds.

Peace.

Which would be the most useful next step for chloe to develop the photosynthesis model further?

Answers

The most useful next step for Chloe to develop the photosynthesis model further is Option B. Represent a chemical reaction in the autotroph that produces high-energy carbohydrates.

Photosynthesis is a system utilized by the flora and other organisms to transform light power into chemical power that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to gasoline the organism's sports. Photosynthesis is the method by which flowers use daylight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and strength inside the shape of sugar.

Photosynthesis is a technique by means of which phototrophs convert mild strength into chemical energy, which is later used for gas cell activities. The chemical strength is stored within the form of sugars, which are comprised of water and carbon dioxide.

In plant life, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which comprise chlorophyll. Chloroplasts are surrounded with the aid of a double membrane and contain a third inner membrane, referred to as the thylakoid membrane, that bureaucracy long folds within the organelle.

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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.

A. Extend the lines for sunlight so that they pass through the autotroph.

B. Represent a chemical reaction in the autotroph that produces high-energy carbohydrates.

C. Represent a chemical reaction in the autotroph that produces high-energy proteins.

D. Draw a circle to represent a heterotroph, and draw a line to connect it to the autotroph.

Other Questions
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