Answer:
1. [OH⁻] = 2.4 x 10⁻¹⁴ M.
2. [H₃O⁺] = 4.167 x 10⁻¹ M.
Explanation:
Firstly, we need to calculate the molarity of Mg(OH)₂:
Molarity (M) is the no. of moles of solute that dissolved in 1.0 L of the solution.M = (no. of moles of solute)/(V of the solution (L).
∴ M of MgCl₂ = (no. of moles of solute)/(V of the solution (L) = (1.2 x 10⁻¹⁴ mol)/(1.0 L) = 1.2 x 10⁻¹⁴ M.
1. [OH⁻]:
Mg(OH)₂ is dissociated in the solution according to the equation:Mg(OH)₂ → Mg²⁺ + 2OH⁻.
It is clear that every 1.0 mol of Mg(OH)₂ produces 2.0 moles of (OH⁻).
∴ [OH⁻] = 2(1.2 x 10⁻¹⁴) = 2.4 x 10⁻¹⁴ M.
2. [H₃O⁺]:
∵ [H₃O⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴.
∴ [H₃O⁺] = 10⁻¹⁴/[OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴/(2.4 x 10⁻¹⁴ M) = 4.167 x 10⁻¹ M.
In the reaction, HCl (aq) + NaHCO3 (aq) – NaCl (aq) + H20 (1) + CO2 (g), which of the
reactants or products is a gas?
NaHCO3
NaCl
H2O
CO2
Final answer:
In the given chemical reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium bicarbonate, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the product that is a gas.Therefore, option D is the correct answer.
Explanation:
In the reaction HCl (aq) + NaHCO3 (aq) – NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g), the product that is a gas is carbon dioxide (CO2). This reaction is typical of an acid (hydrochloric acid, HCl) reacting with a carbonate (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3), where the formation of carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is observed. Such reactions often lead to effervescence due to the release of CO2 gas.
Predict the products formed by the double replacement reaction between CaCl2(aq) and Na3PO4(aq). Explain your reasoning.
Answer:
3CaCl₂ + 2Na₃PO₄ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 6NaCl.
Explanation:
Double replacement reaction is a type of chemical reaction where two compounds react, and the positive ions (cation) and the negative ions (anion) of the two reactants switch places, forming two new compounds or products.The reaction between CaCl₂ and Na₃PO₄ is:3CaCl₂ + 2Na₃PO₄ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 6NaCl.
Ca replaces Na in (Na₃PO₄ ) and forming Ca₃(PO₄)₂.
Na replaces Ca in CaCl₂ and forming NaCl.
So, the products of this reaction are Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and NaCl.
In two or more complete sentences explain how to balance the chemical equation and classify its reaction type. ___P4 + ___O2 ⟶ ___P2O3
According to the conversation of mass, mass cannot be created or destroyed. This means whatever is done to one side, must be done to the other.
There are 4 Phosphorus atoms on the left, there must be 4 on the right. To do this, you must multiply the P2O3 by 2 to get 4 Phosphorus atoms and 6 Oxygen atoms. Now to balance the Oxygen atoms, you must multiply the oxygen atoms on the left by 3.
1 P4 + 3 O2 —-> 2 P2O3
Lastly, this equation type is synthesis (combination) because two reactants are becoming a single product.
To balance the chemical equation P4 + O2 -> P2O3, you need to place a coefficient of 5 in front of O2, resulting in the balanced equation P4 + 5O2 -> 2P2O3. This equation represents a synthesis reaction.
Explanation:A balanced chemical equation is one that has the same number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation. To balance the given equation, you need to determine the appropriate coefficients for the reactants and products.
In this case, you would balance the equation P4 + O2 → P2O3 by placing a coefficient of 5 in front of O2, resulting in the balanced equation P4 + 5O2 → 2P2O3. This equation represents a synthesis reaction, where two or more substances combine to form a new compound.
Learn more about Balancing chemical equations here:https://brainly.com/question/29233369
#SPJ3
PLEASE HURRY! MARKING BRANLIEST IF CORRECT!!
Which phrases describe the atmosphere? Check all that apply.
protects Earth’s surface
contains a mixture of gases and particles
includes organisms in the air, on land, and in water
consists of rocks, minerals, landforms, and Earth’s interior
comprises oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, and groundwater
The atmosphere is a bunch of air/gases that protect the Earth. Nothing living is included in the atmosphere. Therefore the answers are...
Protects Earth's surface
Contains a mixture of gases and particles
Hope this helped!
Answer: protects Earth’s surface
contains a mixture of gases and particles
includes organisms in the air, on land, and in water
Explanation:
An atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the earth. It is composed of air masses that consists of variety of gases like water vapor, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. It also consists of particles of dust and pollutants.
The function of the atmosphere is to protect the earth surface from the incident infrared rays and ultraviolet rays coming from the sun. The atmosphere covers the land and water region. Therefore, the lives of organisms that survive in air, land and water depends on the atmosphere.
Need help on this ASAP !!!!
Answer:
2Na + K₂S → 2K + Na₂S. "replacement reaction"
Explanation:
To balance the equation, you should apply the law of conservation of mass for the equations.
The law of conservation of mass states that the no. of each atom is equal in both sides (reactants and products).
So, the given equation is balanced as:
2Na + K₂S → 2K + Na₂S.
It is a replacement reaction that Na replace K in K₂S.
That 2.0 moles of Na react with 1.0 mole K₂S to produce 2.0 of K and 1.0 mole of Na₂S.
The no. of all atoms is the same in both of reactants and products side.Na (2), K (2), and S (1).
Which statement is most likely a scientific law?
Answer:
Scientific laws aka the laws of science are statements that are based off of repeated experimentation and/or observations.
Explanation:
Hooke's Law of Elasticity is the principle of physics that states that the force needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance is proportional to that distance.
Answer :
C - The oldest layers of rock lie below newer layers of rock on Earth.
1. Balance the following decomposition of NaHCO3.
NaHCO3 →
Na2CO3 +
CO2 +
H2O
Explanation:
Plato (This message is here to bypass the word limit thingy)
1. One of the essential minerals in the human body is salt. How much salt is in the average adult human body?
A. 1 kilogram
B. 500 grams
C. 250 grams
D. practically none
This is often argued over, but most people agree it is somewhere within the 200s. So I think 250 is your best bet.
Yes I agree, the answer is C) 250 grams since the average human body contains around 200 grams.
At this point, please review your notes to prepare to take a summative practice.This summative practice will check your understanding of the concepts discussed in this portion of your unit. If you pass this practice, you will be able to move forward to the next portion of the unit. If you do not pass, you will be asked to complete a reteach or remediation activity depending on your grade before being able to retake this test and move forward.
According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the reacting substances is ________.
A.) always more than the total mass of the products
B.) always less than the total mass of the products
C.) sometimes more and sometimes less than the total mass of the products
D.) always equal to the total mass of the products
your answer should be “D.”
MARK ME BRAINLIEST PLEASE!!!!!
A nuclear power plant operating for 60 years typically generates between 1200 to 1800 tons of high-level nuclear waste. This waste is highly radioactive and needs to be stored safely to avoid environmental contamination. Despite this, nuclear power plants help reduce carbon emissions compared to fossil fuel-powered plants.
Explanation:The amount of nuclear waste produced by a power plant operating for 60 years depends on several variables, such as the type of reactor and the fuel it uses. However, in general terms, a typical nuclear reactor generates about 20 to 30 tons of high-level nuclear waste annually. Over 60 years, this accumulates to 1200 to 1800 tons of high-level waste.
High-level waste includes elements like uranium-235, which result from the fission process in the reactor. This waste is highly radioactive and requires proper management and disposal methods. Long-term storage solutions often include secure facilities such as old salt mines or inside of stable mountains to prevent environmental contamination.
It's essential to mention that while nuclear power plants produce this level of harmful waste, they also help to mitigate climate change by reducing carbon emissions. Compared to coal-fired power plants, which can produce 370,000 metric tons of CO2 every day, nuclear power plants do not emit greenhouse gases during operation.
Learn more about Nuclear Waste here:https://brainly.com/question/10743884
#SPJ3
If you have 100 grams of a radioactive isotope with a half life of 10 years how much of the isotope will you have left after 10 years
Answer:
50.0 g.
Explanation:
It is known that the decay of a radioactive isotope isotope obeys first order kinetics. Also, it is clear that in first order decay the half-life time is independent of the initial concentration.Half-life time is the time needed for the reactants to be in its half concentration.If reactant has initial concentration [A₀], after half-life time its concentration will be ([A₀]/2).So, the mentioned radioactive isotope after 10 years will have (100/2 = 50.0 g).Thus, the amount of radioactive isotope is 50.0 g.
We want to find how much of a radioactive isotope we will have after a given time, given that we know the half life of the isotope.
After 10 years, there will be 50 grams of the isotope.
The half life of a given quantity is defined as the time such that the quantity is reduced ot its half.
So if we initially have a quantity A with a half time T, after the time T our quantity will be A/2.
Now we have 100 g of a radioactive isotope with a half life of 10 years. Then after that time, 10 years, we will have half that mass of isotopes.
This is 100g/2 = 50g
After 10 years we will have 50 grams of isotopes.
If you want to learn more, you can read:
https://brainly.com/question/16387602
I give brainliest pls help
Answer:
c
Explanation:
because the fire gives off radiation
Conc. H2SO4 has a density 1.9g/ml and is 99% H2SO4 by weight. Find molarity of solution
Answer: The molarity of the solution comes out to be 19.19 M.
Explanation:
We are given:
99% m/m . This means that 99 grams of sulfuric acid is present in 100 grams of solution.
Density of solution = 1.9 g/mL
To calculate the volume of the solution, we use the equation:
Density of solution = 1.9 g/mL
Mass of solution = 100 g
Putting values in above equation, we get:
To calculate the molarity of a solution, we use the equation:
Given mass of sulfuric acid = 99 g
Molar mass of sulfuric acid = 98g/mol
Volume of solution = 52.63 mL
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the molarity of the solution comes out to be 19.19 M.
Cobalt-60 can be used by scientists for the purpose of radioactive dating. Cobalt-60 has a half-life of 5,272 years. A fossilized rock originally contained 25 grams of Co-60. When tested, the rock only contains 6.25 grams of Co-60. Approximately how old is the item?
A) 2,600 years
B) 5,200 years
C) 10,500 years
D) 15,600 years
the correct answer is C
Answer:
C) 10,500 years.
Explanation:
The decay of cobalt-60 is a first order reaction.The rate constant of the reaction (k) in a first order reaction = ln (2)/half-life = 0.693/(5272 year) = 1.314 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹.The integration law of a first order reaction is:
kt = ln [A₀]/[A]
k is the rate constant = 1.314 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹.
t is the time = ??? years.
[A₀] is the initial percentage of cobalt-60 = 25.0 g.
[A] is the remaining percentage of cobalt-60 = 6.25 g.
∵ kt = ln [Ao]/[A]
∴ (1.314 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹)(t) = ln (25.0 g)/(6.25 g)
(1.314 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹)(t) = 1.386.
∴ t = 1.386/(1.314 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹) = 10,550 years ≅ 10,500 years.
Answer:
answer is c
Explanation:
How do a strong acid and a weak acid behave differently when each is dissolved in water?
A strong acid fully dissociates into its constituent ions when dissolved in water, making its solution highly acidic. Conversely, a weak acid only partially dissociates and the resulting solution is less acidic. The distinction between strong and weak acids is about the level of ionization in water.
Explanation:A strong acid like hydrochloric acid (HCl) behaves differently than a weak acid such as acetic acid when each is dissolved in water. Upon dissolution in water, strong acids like HCl fully dissociate into their constituent ions, in this case hydrogen (H+) and chloride (Cl-) ions. This complete dissociation contributes to the highly acidic nature of such solutions.
Conversely, weak acids do not fully dissociate when dissolved in water. For example, acetic acid, found in vinegar, only partially dissociates, leaving a significant proportion of the dissolved molecules in their original form. This generates a smaller concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), making the solution less acidic than that formed by a strong acid.
It's important to note that the difference between strong and weak acids lies in the extent of their ionization in water, not in their inherent acidity. A weak acid can have a very low pH if its concentration is high enough.
Learn more about Acids in Water here:https://brainly.com/question/31557802
#SP3
Identify the element: 6 energy level, metallic, 82 election
Answer:-
Name of element = Lead
Symbol ♾ of Lead = Pb
Atomic no. = 82
Atomic mass = 207.2 amu
No. of protons = 82
No. of electrons = 82
Yes, lead(Pb) is a metallic element and certainly it has 6 electron shells which means 6 energy level.
If you find anything unclear you can ask me...
Final answer:
The element with 6 energy levels, metallic properties, and 82 electrons is lead (Pb). This can be deduced from its position in the Periodic Table, specifically in period 6 and group 14, with an electron configuration that places its highest energy valence electrons in the sixth energy level.
Explanation:
To identify the element described as having 6 energy levels, being metallic, and containing 82 electrons, we should first refer to the Periodic Table. Elements with 6 energy levels are located in period 6 of the Periodic Table. The metallic element with 82 electrons is the well-known lead (Pb), which sits in the carbon family, group 14. It has the electron configuration [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p², indicating that the valence electrons (the electrons in the highest energy level) are in the sixth energy level. Lead is considered a representative metal because it is not a transition metal nor an inner transition metal, and its valence electrons fill the p orbitals after the s orbitals have been filled.
Furthermore, periodic trends such as metallic character help confirm that lead is the correct answer, as it has the properties expected of metals, such as the ability to lose valence electrons, and demonstrates high thermal and electrical conductivity.
Select all that apply. Which of the following measurements have 3 significant figures? 0.0882 m 0.8820 m 8,820 m 882.0 m
8820 and 0.0882 have three sig figs
When a number has zeros in it I struggled a lot to determine if it what a sig fig or not. This is how I remember it:
If a zero is a sandwich between normal numbers it IS a sig fig
Zero's after the decimal ARE sig figs
***IMPORTANT! There is an exception to this one which I'll talk about next :)
Leading zeros (I believe that is what they are called) are NOT sig figs. This would be like the zeros in the following numbers:
0.2
0.03
0.000000000000000000006
If there are zeros after normal numbers and there is NO DECIMAL it is NOT a sig fig. This would be like the zeros in the following numbers:
630
3, 000
536, 329,600,000
Take a look at the other numbers:
0.8820 <<<This has 4 sig. figs.
882.0 <<<This has 4 sig. figs.
***Remember that if there is a pure decimal the zero in front of the decimal is NOT a sig fig and just a place holder. It isn't necessary and can always be taken away
Hope this made sense and helped!!!
The 8820 m and 0.0882 m have three significant figures
What are the rule to determines significant figures?There are rules are to be applied to determine the significant figures in a suitable quantity.
All non-zero digits are significant.Example : 23 cm ,2.3 cm , and 0. 23 cm all have two significant figures.
The zeros present to the of the first non-zero digit in the number are not considered as significant figures
Example: 0.033 has two significant figures and 0.00172 has three significant figures.
Zeros present between the two non-zero digits are significant.Example: 6601 has four significant figures.
Zeros at the right or end of the of the number are significant if it is present at the right side of decimal points.Example: 8.00 has three significant figures and 0.070 has two significant figures.
learn about significant figures,
https://brainly.com/question/14359464
#SPJ2
Provide the expressions for the equilibrium constant Keq:
CH4(g) + 2H2SE(g) ⇄ 4H2(g) +CSe2(g)
Answer:
Keq = [H₂]⁴[CSe₂]/[CH₄][H₂Se]².
Explanation:
The equilibrium constant expression is the ratio of the concentrations of the products over the reactants. For the reaction:CH₄(g) + 2H₂Se(g) ⇄ 4H₂(g) + CSe₂(g).
∴ Keq = [products]/[reactants] = [H₂]⁴[CSe₂]/[CH₄][H₂Se]².
During Trial 2, what allowed you to determine that aluminum was the limiting reactant? Check all that apply
Answer:
All of the aluminum dissolved.
The molar ratio of copper(II) chloride to aluminum was greater than 3:2, the equation’s molar ratio.
Explanation:
Answer:
b and e
Explanation:
i just got it right
Consider the chemical equations shown here.
P4(s) + 3O2(g) → P4O6(s) ΔH1 = -1,640.1 kJ
P4O10(s) → P4(s) + 5O2(g) ΔH2 = 2,940.1 kJ
What is the overall enthalpy of reaction for the equation shown below?
Round the answer to the nearest whole number.
P4O6(s) + 2O2(g) --> P4O10(s)
Answer:
- 1300 kJ.
Explanation:
We should modify the given two reactions to reach to the final reaction:We should reverse the first reaction and so multiply its ΔH by (- 1):
P₄O₆(s) → P₄(s) + 3O₂(g), ΔH₁' = 1640.1 kJ.
The second reaction also should be reversed and so multiply its ΔH by (- 1):
P₄(s) + 5O₂(g) → P₄O₁₀(s), ΔH₂' = - 2940.1 kJ.
If we add the two reactions after modification, we get:
P₄O₆(s) → P₄O₁₀(s).
∴ ΔH = ΔH₁' + ΔH₂' = 1640.1 kJ + (- 2940.1 kJ) = - 1300 kJ.
Answer:
answer is -1300 on edge 2021
Explanation:
Which reactions are oxidation-reduction reactions? Check all that apply
Answer: options C and D
Explanation: in Redox reaction (oxidation-reduction), oxidation numbers of Reactant and product are different.
In oxidation, oxidation state increases and decreases in the case of Reduction.
In C, oxidation state of C is increased from +3 in C3H6 to +4 in CO2 hence oxidation and oxidation of O2 Decreased from 0 to -2 in H2O, hence Reduction. So it is a redox reaction
Similarly in D, Fe: +3 to 0
Carbon : +2 to +4.
Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve changes in oxidation number and the transfer of electrons. Examples include reactions of magnesium with oxygen copper with silver nitrate and hydrogen peroxide with manganese dioxide.
Explanation:Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions are those in which one or more elements involved undergo a change in oxidation number. These reactions can be identified by the transfer of electrons from one reactant to another. Examples of oxidation-reduction reactions include the reaction of magnesium with oxygen to form magnesium oxide, the reaction of copper with silver nitrate to form copper nitrate and silver, and the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with manganese dioxide to form water and oxygen.
Learn more about Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions here:https://brainly.com/question/33439595
#SPJ2
When looking at the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell, the microscope zooms in enough to see ribosomes that are embedded in the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum. Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is this?
A. Solid
B. Smooth
C. Rough
D. Bumpy
Answer:
Rough.
Explanation:
The presence of ribosome on enfoplasmic cisterna make it rough.. Called RER
Answer:
C. Rough
Explanation:
When ribosomes are attached to the outer surface of an endoplasmic reticulum it is called rough endoplasmic reticulum. When ribosomes are not attached to the outer surface of an endoplasmic reticulum it is called smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Protein translation takes place at the rough endoplasmic reticulum whereas lipids and hormones are synthesized at the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
19. Which property of the water molecule causes two water molecules to be attracted to each other?
A.polar bonds between H and o atoms
B.ionic bonding between water molecules
C.hydrogen bonds between H atoms
D.Dionic bonding between O atoms
Answer:
the answer is C
Explanation:
took segment exammm for the end of the year
How many liters of a 0.352 M solution of Ca(SO4) would contain 62.1 g of Ca(SO4)?
Answer:
1.3 L.
Explanation:
Molarity is the no. of moles of solute per 1.0 L of the solution.M = (no. of moles of CaSO₄)/(Volume of the solution (L))
M = 0.352 M.
no. of moles of CaSO₄ = mass/molar mass = (62.1 g / 136.14 g/mol) = 0.456 mol,
Volume of the solution = ??? L.
∴ (0.352 M) = (0.456 mol)/(Volume of the solution (L))
∴ (Volume of the solution (L) = (0.456 mol)/(0.352 M) = 1.296 L ≅ 1.3 L.
The [H3O+] of a solution is 2.5 x10-7. What is the pOH of the solution?
Answer:
7.4.
Explanation:
∵ pH = -log[H₃O⁺].
∴ pH = -log(2.5 x 10⁻⁷) = 6.6.
∵ pH + pOH = 14.
∴ pOH = 14.0 - pH = 14.0 - 6.6 = 7.4.
The atomic masses of elements X and Y will always equal the exact atomic mass of Z
[tex]A_r(x)+A_r(y)=A_r(z)[/tex]
Based on the map which answer best explains major concern in the union governmental offices during the war
The major concern for the Union government offices during the war was that the Confederate states managed to win a battle in very close proximity to their capital Washington. The fact that the Confederate forces were so close to Washington, and the defenses of the capital were very strong at the moment, while the majority of the soldiers were at other locations and needed time to get back to defend it. This was bringing a big concern because if Washington was captured by the Confederate forces then the Union would have been in big trouble and suffer badly because of it.
Answer:
Moving battles farther up the Northeast coast
Explanation:
Identify and DESCRIBE the main kinds of storms. EXPLAIN how each forms. answer plz
There are numerous types of storms, each of them having their own unique characteristics, and unfortunately all of them being able to cause a lot of damage. Some of them are:
- Derecho storms
These are series of storms that stretch for over 240 mph. They have winds of over 58 mph, and they are very unpredictable.
- Flooding
The flooding occurs when there's excessive rainfall that over-saturates the water bodies and the soil with water, causing floods.
- Hail storm
They occur in the warm periods, coming in the shape of circular-shaped ice stones. This type of storm causes lot of damage through the power of the ice stones.
- Snow storm
The snow storms occur in the cold periods. They are excessive snowfalls, often accompanied with strong winds, managing to pile up enormous amounts of snow in a short period of time.
- Hurricanes
They are one of the most dangerous storms. They bring in lot of rainfall, but also very strong winds that manage to pull out trees, vehicles, and damage houses.
According to the Doppler Effect, which statement is true about a sound as it approaches you and then moves away.
A) As the source approaches you, the sound waves are compressed so the pitch of the noise increases.
B) The pitch of the sound remains the same the entire time, regardless of the direction of the source.
C) As the source moves away from you the sound waves are compressed so the pitch of the noise increases.
D) As the source approaches you, the sound waves are stretched relative to the individual so the pitch of the noise decreases.
Answer: A
The pitch of sound waves increases as the source approaches the receiver and the pitch will decrease when the source moves away from the receiver.
A
As the source approaches you, the sound waves are compressed so the pitch of the noise increases. It is all relative to the individual, as the sound gets closer, the waves get closer and closer making the pitch appear higher to an individual.
Jon is running for city council and wants to campaign on human development goals for his community. Which issue should he use? A. better roads B. less traffic C. lower taxes D. higher taxes E. better schools
Answer:
E. better schools
Explanation:
This contributes the most to human development in his community because it provides children with more resources and better opportunities than a sub-par education system. If a community is able to better their school system, they will begin to see a lot of positive changes in their area.
Answer:
E. better schools
Explanation:
It's the only one that falls into the category in human development .
PLEASE HELP!! 15 POINTS!!
Four stars of equal size emit the same amount of energy. The distance of these stars from Earth is shown in the following table.
Distance from Earth Star Distance from Earth (light years)
P 2.3
Q 7.8
R 6.5
S 3.2
What is the order of apparent magnitude of the stars, starting from the least to the greatest? Q, R, S, P
P, S, R, Q
R, S, P, Q
Q, P, S, R
Q, R, S, P is the order of apparent magnitude of the stars, starting from the least to the greatest.
Answer: Q, R, S, P
Explanation:
The apparent magnitudes of the star is the brightness calculated by an observer at a particular distance from the Earth. The smaller the distance between the star and the Earth, the greater the apparent brightness.
So , from the given distance (in light years), Q,R,S,P is the answer (least to the greatest apparent magnitude) (distance is greatest to least).
Answer:
Q, R, S, P is the order of apparent magnitude of the stars, starting from the least to the greatest.
Answer: Q, R, S, P
Explanation: