Humans need certain substances to make new cells and repair their tissues. Humans acquire these substances by eating nutritious foods. Which of the following characteristics of life do the above statements best support? A. Living organisms respond to changes in their external environments. B. Living organisms use matter and energy for their life processes. C. Living organisms regulate their internal environments. D. Living organisms must be able to reproduce to promote their species' survival.

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Mendel gave three laws in which the law of independent assortment states that the alleles of two distinct genes get sorted in the progenies independently and without affecting the expression of each other.

Each trait is passed independently of the other.

Therefore, option A is correct.

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The phase of mitosis shown in the diagram where chromatids separate from each other and are being pulled to the opposite ends of the cell is **anaphase.** The correct option is 1.

During anaphase, the centromere that holds sister chromatids together splits, allowing the chromatids to become individual chromosomes. These chromosomes are then pulled apart toward opposite ends (poles) of the cell by the contraction of spindle fibers. The movement of chromatids is facilitated by the shortening of microtubules within the spindle apparatus.

The key events of anaphase include:

1. **Separation of Sister Chromatids:** The chromatids, which are identical copies of each other, are separated as the centromere divides.

2. **Movement Towards Poles:** The separated chromatids, now individual chromosomes, are pulled towards the opposite poles of the cell by the spindle fibers. This ensures that each daughter cell will receive a complete set of chromosomes.

**Other Phases:**

- **Prophase:** This phase involves the condensation of chromatin into visible chromosomes, the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, and the formation of the mitotic spindle.

- **Metaphase:** During metaphase, the chromosomes align along the center of the cell, known as the metaphase plate. The spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of each chromosome.

- **Telophase:** In telophase, the separated chromatids (now chromosomes) arrive at the opposite poles and begin to decondense back into chromatin. The nuclear envelope starts to reform around each set of chromosomes, creating two distinct nuclei.

**Cytokinesis** follows mitosis and involves the division of the cell's cytoplasm and other organelles, ultimately producing two daughter cells.

In the diagram where chromatids are being pulled apart and moving towards the cell's opposite ends, it's indicative of **anaphase** of mitosis. This phase is crucial for ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic material.

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Answler:

label A = c

label B = B

label C = A

label D= DExplanation:

About three billion years ago, single-celled organisms called cyanobacteria lived in Earth’s oceans. They thrived on the ocean’s abundance of carbon-di-oxide , which they used during the process of photosynthesis. Much later, this process allowed organisms, such as fish, to survive by extracting dissolved oxygen from ocean waters.

Explanation:

Cyanobacteria is the bacteria that is primitive form of bacteria that used to be first organisms even before the present day bacteria came into existence. They were able to do photosynthesis.

Cyanobacteria used the huge concentration of carbon dioxide that was mixed with the sea water. This carbon dioxide was picked up by millions of cyanobacteria that converted the carbon dioxide into useful glucose and other products and valuable oxygen. Thus oxygen came in earth and that was used by future organisms for respiration.  

Cyanobacteria thrived on carbon dioxide in the oceans and through photosynthesis, they released oxygen, which later life forms needed for survival. Therefore, the first blank in the statement should be filled with 'carbon dioxide', and the second one with 'oxygen'.

About three billion years ago, single-celled organisms called cyanobacteria lived in Earth's oceans. These cyanobacteria thrived on the ocean's abundance of carbon dioxide, which they used during the process of photosynthesis. Through photosynthesis, cyanobacteria were able to convert carbon dioxide and sunlight into glucose, a form of energy, and oxygen. This release of oxygen into the oceans made it possible for other life forms, like fish, to survive by extracting dissolved oxygen from ocean waters. Thus, the first blank in your statement should be filled with 'carbon dioxide', and the second one with 'oxygen'.

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Answer:

1. A monohybrid cross is a cross between first-generation offspring of parents who differ in one trait while a dihybrid cross is a cross between first-generation offspring of parents who differ in two traits

Answer:monohybrid crosses involve one gene; dihybrid crosses involve two genes.

Explanation:

Penn Foster

Explanation:

Software Engineering:

Focuses on developing software that is reliable, efficient, affordable, user-friendly and scalable

Computer Engineering:

Focuses on the design of the computer hardware and peripheral devices, often at the chip level

Information systems:

More of a business career that focuses in applying computers to business problems

Computer Science:

Focuses on computer architecture and how to program computers to make them work effectively and efficiently

Information Technology:

Focuses on computer equipment and software used by business and how they work, are secured, upgraded, maintained and replaced

The computer discipline with its description include the following below:

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The similarly shaped bodies and fins of the shark and the dolphin are a result of convergent evolution and development of analogous structures.

Explanation:

The animals can differ a lot in their appearance, or look alike a lot, but very often the looks can be deceiving when it comes to determining their relations. In some cases, some animals differ greatly in their appearance, but they are much more closely related than some organisms that look very similar to one another. A nice example of animals that look alike a lot but are not closely related are the shark and the dolphin.

The shark and the dolphin have their common ancestors hundreds of millions of years ago, thus they are anything but closely related, with the shark being a fish, while the dolphin being a mammal. The resemblance in the appearance though has been a result of a convergent evolution, or rather trying to solve the same problems, in the same environment, in the same or similar manner. Because of it, analogous structures developed, making them look very similar.

Some of the structures among the animals are:

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Elastic potential energy

Explanation:

An extended spring stores elastic potential energy.

An elastic potential energy is the energy stored in an elastic object when force is applied to deform it.

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Answer:

The effects of iron deficiency on cell culture growth, cell respiration, mitochondrial oxidative properties, and the electron transport chain were studied with suspension-cultured sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cells. Iron deprivation considerably decreased the initial growth rates and limited the maximum density of the cells. Under these conditions, the cells remained swollen throughout their growth. The absence of iron led to a steady decline in the uncoupled rate of O2 consumption. When the uncoupled rate of O2 uptake closely approximated the respiratory rate, the cells began to collapse. At this stage, the level of all the cytochromes and electron paramagnetic resonance-detectable Fe-S clusters of the mitochondrial inner membrane were dramatically decreased. Nevertheless, it appeared from substrate oxidation measurements that this overall depletion in iron-containing components solely disturbed the functioning of complex II, whereas neither complexes I, III, or IV, nor the machinery involved in ATP synthesis, was apparently impaired in iron-deficient mitochondria. However, our results suggest that the impairment of complex II resulted in a strong reduction of the overall capacity of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which was responsible for determining the rate of endogenous respiration in sycamore cells. Finally, this situation led to a depletion of various energy metabolites that could contribute to the premature cell death.

Explanation:

Iron levels are critical to the rate of cellular respiration due to their role in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochromes, which are involved in oxygen transport and electron transfer. Abnormal iron metabolism, like anemia or iron overload, can lead to impaired cellular functioning and influence respiration efficiency. Maintaining proper iron levels supports optimal cellular respiration.

The effect of iron levels on the rate of cellular respiration is significant due to the role of iron in various biological processes. Iron is a critical component of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochromes which are involved in oxygen transport and electron transfer within cells. Adequate iron levels are necessary for the efficient functioning of these proteins and hence, support optimal cellular respiration.

Abnormal iron metabolism, such as anemia or iron overload, can affect the cellular respiration rate. Low iron levels can lead to reduced oxygen transport to tissues, affecting ATP production during aerobic respiration. Conversely, iron overload can lead to oxidative stress and damage cellular components, impairing respiration efficiency. Moreover, in conditions like methemoglobinemia, where the iron in hemoglobin is oxidized from ferrous (Fe²⁺) to ferric (Fe³⁺), the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin is compromised, which can also impact cellular respiration.

Therefore, maintaining normal serum iron concentration and preventing abnormal deposition of iron in tissues are crucial for the proper function of cellular respiration pathways.

Glaciers and sea ice are both forms of frozen water but have distinct characteristics and locations. Glaciers form on land and flow slowly downhill, while sea ice floats on the surface of the ocean and does not flow continuously.

Glaciers and sea ice are both forms of frozen water, but they have distinct characteristics and locations.

Glaciers are large bodies of ice that form on land and flow slowly downhill due to gravity. They are found in high-altitude or high-latitude areas, such as mountains and polar regions.

Sea ice refers to frozen seawater that floats on the surface of the ocean. It forms in polar regions during winter and melts during summer. Unlike glaciers, sea ice does not flow continuously.

Comparison:

Contrast:

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Answer:

Plant cell has larger vacuoles.

Explanation:

Vacuole is a fluid filled structure found in cells of the plants, certain animals, protists, fungi, bacteria etc. Vacuoles found in plant cells are larger than that in animal, protist, fungal, and bacterial cells. The vacuole inside a plant cell stores water. It also helps to maintain the turgor pressure of the cell. The functions of the vacuole include isolating materials that might be harmful to the cell , maintaining an acidic internal pH ,  supporting the plant structures such as leaves and flowers.

Answer:

the plant cell

Explanation:

Answer:

adhesion

Explanation:

Its just like Water drops on a pine needle or on anything else, Cohesion is when water is attracted to water. Therefor its Adhesion, because that's when water is attracted to other things or substances.

Answer:

Its adhesion

Explanation:

Its just like Water drops on a pine needle or on anything else, Cohesion is when water is attracted to water. Therefor its Adhesion, because that's when water is attracted to other things or substances.

The Montreal Protocol efforts had the most impact on these changes.

Around 100 synthetic chemicals known as ozone depleting substances are governed under the historic multinational environmental accord known as the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (ODS).

These compounds, when released into the atmosphere, disrupt the stratospheric ozone layer, the screen that shields people and the environment from the sun's harmful UV radiation.

According to separate timelines for industrialized and developing nations (also known as "Article 5 countries"), the Montreal Protocol gradually reduces use and production of the various ODS.

Therefore, The Montreal Protocol efforts had the most impact on these changes.

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Answer:

Duck-billed platypus

Answer:

duck-billed platypus, and echidna

Explanation:

stay woke, folk

Answer:

This is due to the farm runoff, or fertilizer run off

Explanation:

Various fertilizers like nitrogen and phosphorus are very essential for plant growth but it also increases the chances of the algal growth in the water bodies when washed away. This happens when intense rainfall occurs and washes away the nutrients and chemicals to the lakes, and many water bodies that has not been taken by the plants. these chemicals and nutrients affects the aquatic ecosystem. Due to toxicity various fishes die, hence a threat to the fisherman.

Answer:

Griffith performed an experiment on the mice to test two different strains of bacteria. One of them was virulent and the other was non virulent. The result depicted that the non virulent strain transformed into virulent strain through the process of transformation.

Explanation:

Different mice were injected with different combination of strains. One of the strain was a virulent one, III-S and the other one was II-R which was non virulent. Both the strains were taken from Streptococcus pneumoniae. The following observations were made:

1. In the first mice only simple III-S was introduced. The mouse died.

2. In the second one, heat killed III-S was injected. The mouse survived as the virulent portion was killed.

3. In this one II-R was introduced. Since it was an non virulent strain, the mice did not die.

4. In this he added both heat killed III-S and II-R. The mouse died and this perplexed Griffith. He wondered what had happened since the non virulent form and heat killed virulent form should have not harmed the mice.

Later he found out that the DNA of the Heat killed III-S was imbibed by the II-R form. The bacteria had 'transformed' and as a result the mice died.

Cellular respiration breaks down glucose to release energy, with carbon dioxide produced during the Krebs cycle.

Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen. This complex process involves several stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. The step in the oxidation of pyruvate that produces carbon dioxide is known as the Krebs cycle, also referred to as the citric acid cycle. During this cycle, each molecule of pyruvate (which is derived from glucose) is decarboxylated, releasing carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

The energy originally used to hold these molecules together is harnessed in the generation of ATP, which cells use for energy. In summary, cellular respiration converts the stored energy in glucose into a form that can be used by the cells, producing carbon dioxide and water as waste products.

Answer:

The subcellular structure involved in the translation of genetic material in protein synthesis​ is Ribosome.

Explanation:

DNA stores genetic information and that very information is used by the cells to achieve life’s functions. There are three steps involved in evaluating the genetic information which is further divider into three types of RNA molecules, one amongst which is Ribosomal RNA.

Ribosomal RNA also called as ribosomes have various purpose. Ribosomal is a subcellular structure present in a cell where protein synthesis is formed. To put it in simple words, they are simply the proteins found in cells.

The ribosome is the subcellular structure involved in the translation of genetic material in protein synthesis. Here, the information coded in mRNA is used to produce proteins. These proteins play vital roles in various cell processes.

The subcellular structure involved in the translation of genetic material in protein synthesis is the ribosome. Ribosomes are the site in the cells where protein synthesis occurs, which is the process where genetic information coded in mRNA is translated into proteins. This process has two main stages: transcription, in which the information from DNA is transferred to mRNA, and translation, in which the mRNA works with ribosomes to produce proteins. Proteins are crucial functional units within the cell and are involved in virtually all cell processes. Ribosomes are found within all living cells and are the place where genetic instruction in the mRNA are read to synthesize proteins in a process called translation.

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Answer:

chlorophyll

Explanation:

A Triglyceride is a kind of lipid that can store energy for a long period of time.

Triglycerides are a type of lipid that can store energy for an extended duration. They consist of long chains of carbon and oxygen atoms bonded to a glycerol backbone structure. These molecules serve as the primary form of energy storage in the human body and many other organisms. Each triglyceride molecule contains three fatty acid chains attached to the glycerol backbone. The carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds within these fatty acids store a significant amount of chemical energy, which the body can access when needed.

When an organism requires energy, enzymes break down triglycerides into their constituent fatty acids, releasing energy for cellular processes. Excess triglycerides can be stored in adipose tissue, contributing to body fat. While triglycerides are vital for energy storage, elevated levels in the bloodstream can be associated with health issues, such as obesity and heart disease.

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Answer:

Frameshift mutation

Explanation:

frameshift mutation / frame-shift mutation; frameshift. A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read. A DNA sequence is a chain of many smaller molecules called nucleotides.

Answer:

The answer is C) 75%.

100% is wrong

Answer:

Stacy has purchased tuberous stem and roots vegetable respectively

Explanation:

Tuber is thick underground stem, such as potato, Jerusalem artichokes, and yams for example. It usually has buds from which new plants could grow. So, the first part of Stacy's vegetable is definitely tuberous stem. The other part must be root, because it has hairy structures. These hair-like structures have function in the absorption of water and minerals from the soil, examples of stem vegetables are asparagus and kohlrabi. Root vegetable examples are celery root, Yams, beets, onions, turnips, rutabagas, horseradish, carrots,  parsnips, kohlrabi, garlic,  (or celeriac),  turmeric.The root vegetables can grow underground, and has the ability of absorbing  large quantity of amount of nutrients that are present in the soil.

Answer:

Carbohydrates are hydrophilic  whereas Lipids are hydrophobic.

Explanation:

Carbohydrates can be most commonly understood as hydrates of carbons. They generally contain more than two carbon atoms and are easily soluble in water, thus giving them the characteristics of hydrophilic compounds. Sugar and glucose are some of the important examples of carbohydrates.

On the other hand, lipids comprise a polar region, which attracts water and a much larger non-polar region, which repels water. This non-polar region dominates the polar region of lipid molecules thus making it a hydrophobic compound. Oils, fatty substances, steroids, and waxes are some of the important examples of Lipid molecules.

Answer:

Microorganisms are very small, not visible with an eye, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Even though som of microorganisms can make people ill, many of them are not harmful, all the contrary, they can help a human with digestion, protect him from infections and keep the health good.

Explanation:

You have bad microorganisms in the body, called pathogens. Pathogens can be very harmful and kill all the good cells in the host. That is why good microorganisms are important. They make colonies and protect the body from the development of pathogens that release toxins into the body.

Good microorganisms provide nutrition for the organism, they involve minerals, produce hormones and stop bad microorganisms enter the organism.

If the two individuals have children, the expected outcome will be if they have a daughter, there is a 50% chance that she will be a carrier for the disorder. Thus, option A is correct.

Genetic variation allows for differences between individuals due to differences  in the inherited DNA. Genetic variation has been defined as difference in the DNA within the individuals or the populations. Skin color as well as hair color, and blood type, dimples all are the examples of genetic variations that seems in a human population.

Genetics has been known as the study of the heredity as well as the variation of the inherited the characters and the genetic properties and the organism's feature and the characteristics. It has been also known as the branch of biology that deals with the study of genetic variation, genes, and the heredity in the organisms.

Therefore, If the two individuals have children, the expected outcome will be if they have a daughter, there is a 50% chance that she will be a carrier for the disorder. Thus, option A is correct.

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If a man with Menkes disease (XMY) has children with a woman who does not carry the disorder (XX), all daughters will be carriers of the disorder (100% chance), and no sons will be affected because they inherit their father's Y chromosome.

The disorder is usually manifested in males who have only one X chromosome (XY). A female (XX) with one affected X chromosome is typically a carrier but does not show symptoms because the healthy X chromosome compensates for the faulty one. When it comes to the inheritance patterns for sex-linked disorders like Menkes disease:

Semi-conservative replication means each half of the original DNA molecule is joined with a new complementary strand. Therefore, option D is correct.

Semi-conservative replication of DNA refers to the process by which DNA is replicated, where each new DNA molecule formed consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

During DNA replication, the double-stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two strands. Each separated strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. The enzyme DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing new strand.

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Answer:

Option C is correct

Explanation:

Wavelength of the sound waves varies inversely with respect to frequency which means that if frequency increases wavelength will decrease and if  frequency decreases wavelength increase.

Mathematically this relation can be represented as -

[tex]W \alpha \frac{1}{f}[/tex]

Where W represents the wavelength and f represents the frequency

When frequency is constant, wavelength exhibit direct proportionality relationship with speed.

Answer:

the answer to this question is the letter C

Explanation:

Answer:

hope it helps answer the question:)

Answer:

answer, I guess, is C.primary succession

Explanation:

Cellular respiration is when cells take oxygen and food to make energy, and also water and carbon dioxide. For the organism to get oxygen, they breath in the air from the outside. The oxygen travels through the respiratory pathway to get to cells.

Answer:

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Explanation:

to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide is the main function of respiratory pathway

Answer:

because it is just easy that way

Explanation: