Final answer:
To convert a thermos into an open energy system, allow for energy exchange by adding openings or using less insulating materials, thus modifying the thermos to gain or lose energy like other open systems.
Explanation:
To change a thermos into an open energy system, you must allow for the transfer of energy between the thermos and its surroundings. A thermos is designed to be an isolated system, minimizing energy exchange with the environment to keep its contents at a consistent temperature. However, to convert it into an open system, modifications can be implemented such as adding openings or using materials that facilitate heat exchange. It is through such alterations that the thermos can then gain or lose energy, behaving similarly to a pot of water on a stove, which is considered an open system because it loses heat to the air.
While a thermos typically serves to approximate an isolated system, where the coffee inside remains hot by limiting heat transfer, to convert it to an open system, one might drill holes in it or construct it from a less insulating material. Once converted, the thermos could then absorb energy from the environment or release energy to it, such as solar radiation warming the contents or ambient air cooling them down. This adherence to thermodynamics principles demonstrates how the laws of thermodynamics govern the energy dynamics of open systems. Ultimately, converting a thermos to an open system reflects the first law of thermodynamics, where the energy within the system changes through the work done on it or by it.
Mechanical waves, such as sound waves, travel fastest in what medium?
You are building a race car. Your goal is to have a car that can go from 0 miles per hour to 80 miles per hour in 2 seconds. You are focusing on the car's
A.Speed.
B .Acceleration.
C.Deceleration.
D.Velocity.
Why is it useful to calculate average speed?
If a car can travel 108 miles on 12 gallons of gas, how far will it go on 18 gallons of gas?
Calculate the longest wavelength visible to the human eye 164 kj mol
The longest wavelength visible to the human eye corresponding to an energy of 164 kJ/mol is 732 nm, which falls in the red spectrum of visible light.
Explanation:In Physics, the energy of light can be determined by its wavelength using Planck's equation: E = hc/λ, where E is the energy, h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength. Normally, the energy E is provided in Joules, but in this case, it's provided in kJ/mol. To convert it, we use Avogadro's number (6.022 x 1023 molecules/mol). Therefore, E in Joules = 164 kJ/mol x 103 J/kJ x 1 mol/6.022x1023 molecules = 2.723x10-19 J. Then replace this into the Planck's equation, rearranging for λ, we find that λ = hc/E. Substituting the values for h (6.626x10-34 J.s), c (3.0x108 m/s) and E, we calculate λ as 7.32 x 10-7 meters or 732 nm, which falls in the red spectrum of visible light for human eyes.
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describe one of the major differences between oceanic crust and continental crust
Final answer:
The primary difference between oceanic crust and continental crust is that the continental crust is thicker, less dense, and older, composed mainly of granitic rocks, while the oceanic crust is thinner, denser, younger, and primarily basaltic.
Explanation:
One of the major differences between oceanic crust and continental crust is the composition and density of the rocks that make up these crusts. The continental crust is primarily composed of granitic rocks, is significantly thicker with an average thickness of 35 kilometers (22 miles), and is less dense, having a density of about 2.7 g/cm³. This lower density enables it to 'float' higher above the mantle. In contrast, the oceanic crust is primarily composed of basaltic rocks, is much thinner with an average thickness of 5-7 kilometers, and is denser with a density of 3.0 to 3.1 g/cm³, causing it to 'float' lower on the mantle, which is why oceans cover these regions.
Another critical difference is the age of the crusts. The oceanic crust is much younger, with the oldest parts being about 200 million years old, while the continental crust has regions that were formed up to 3.8 billion years ago. Due to the lower density of continental crust, it does not get subducted like the oceanic crust, which can be recycled back into the mantle.
What is a more accurate way to make an observation of an object than with your senses alone?
A. use an appropriate tool to make the same observation
B. make a prediction from previous data
C. make an inference from other observations
D. avoid the use of mathematical equations in recording your observation
A force scale is attached to a stack of books lying on a flat table. 1.What happens to the size of the static frictional force as you begin to pull on the force scale? 2.What happens to the stack of the books if the applied force exceeds the maximum static frictional force? 3.What is the minimum size for the static frictional force, and under what conditions will the minimum static frictional force be observed? 4.What type of friction acts when the books are at rest but a force is exerted?
Which scientific phenomenon helps scientists determine the chemical composition of some stars?
absorption of light in a star’s atmosphere
dispersion of light as it enters Earth’s atmosphere
reflection of light
refraction of light
Answer:
The answer is actually absorption of light in a star’s atmosphere
Explanation:
I chose "dispersion of light as it enters Earth's atmosphere" in a test and got it wrong. It showed the correct answer to be absorption of light in a star’s atmosphere.
How many megabytes of data can a 4.7 gigabyte DVD store
Answer:
4,700 MB
Explanation:
An ice skater has a moment of inertia of 5.0 kgm2 when her arms are outstretched. at this time she is spinning at 3.0 revolutions per second (rps). if she pulls in her arms and decreases her moment of inertia to 2.0 kgm2, how fast will she be spinning?
To find the final angular velocity, use the conservation of angular momentum equation I1ω1 = I2ω2. Plugging in the values, ω2 is calculated to be 7.5 rps.
To find the skater's final angular velocity, we use the conservation of angular momentum.
The initial moment of inertia is 5.0 kgm2 and the initial angular velocity is 3.0 revolutions per second (rps).
The final moment of inertia is 2.0 kgm2. We can use the equation I1ω1 = I2ω2 to find the final angular velocity ω2.
Plugging in the values, we have (5.0 kgm2)(3.0 rps) = (2.0 kgm2)ω2. Solving for ω2,
we get ω2 = (5.0 kgm2)(3.0 rps)/(2.0 kgm2) = 7.5 rps.
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According to your observations, how long does it take for the moon to return to the same position compared to the stars?
Final answer:
The Moon completes its orbit around Earth roughly every 27.3 days, known as a sidereal month. However, it takes approximately 29.5 days for the Moon to return to the same phase, or the same relative position with the Sun, which is known as a synodic month.
Explanation:
The moon orbits Earth and exhibits motion against the background stars. Observing this movement over a few hours, you may notice the Moon shifting eastward, but this movement is small due to the Moon's orbital period of about 29 days for its cycle relative to the Sun.
Specifically, the Moon completes one full sidereal month, or revolution around Earth, in approximately 27.3 days, moving steadily eastward in the sky. The Earth, during this time, also moves along its orbit around the Sun, which means that to complete the lunar cycle and return to the same phase, for example from full moon to full moon, the Moon needs an additional 2.2 days, totaling roughly 29.5 days to sync up with the Sun.
This is why we observe a new moon approximately every 29.5 days. When observing the moon's motion over several nights at the same time, it appears farther east each night, a result of its true orbital motion around Earth.
Over a single evening, the Moon's east to west motion is mainly a result of Earth's rotation on its axis. The combined effects demonstrate that the moon's path is a product of its own orbit and Earth's various motions.
Kedra has been talking to friend while someone else is presenting. Her parents told her that she would lose TV privileges if she did it again. Kendra did, and she lost TV privileges for a week. The next time it happened, she could not watch TV for two weeks. Now, Kendra doesn't chat while someone else is presenting. What psychological concept is at work here?
negative reinforcement
behavior training
cognitive development
operant conditioning
Why would traders find it helpful to tow the cedar logs instead of storing them inside the the ship?
Towing the cedar logs saves valuable cargo space inside the ship.
By towing the cedar logs, traders can maximize the ship's internal storage for other valuable goods, improving the efficiency of their cargo space utilization and potentially increasing the profitability of their voyage.
What do you need to know to be able to determine how far a projectile travels horizontally?
Every second, the sun converts _________ of grams of matter into energy.
The sun converts approximately 4 million tons of matter into energy every second through the process of fusion. This conversion of mass into energy is the source of the sun's heat and light.
Explanation:The sun converts approximately 4 million tons of matter into energy every second. This conversion of mass into energy is the source of the sun's heat and light. The process involves the fusion of hydrogen into helium, with about 4 million tons of matter being converted into energy in the process.
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What is the significance of the nose end marking on a rocket or missile?
On a hot summer day a young girl swings on a rope above the local swimming hole. when she lets go of the rope her initial velocity is 2.25 m/s at an angle of 35.0° above the horizontal. if she is in flight for 1.10 s, how high above the water was she when she let go of the rope?
The girl's initial velocity components are used, and the equations are solved to find the vertical distance travelled. The girl was approximately 0.683 meters above the water when she let go of the rope.
Explanation:To find the height above the water, we can use the equations of projectile motion. The initial velocity has two components: one along the horizontal direction and one along the vertical direction. Since the girl lets go of the rope, the only force acting on her is gravity. This means that the vertical component of her velocity will decrease as she moves upward and then increase as she moves downward. At the highest point of her trajectory, her vertical velocity will be zero.
We can use the equations:
vertical velocity at time t = initial vertical velocity + acceleration × time
Since the acceleration due to gravity is downward and has a value of 9.8 m/s², we can write:
0 = 2.25 m/s × sin(35°) - 9.8 m/s² × t
Solving this equation for time t gives us t = 0.494 s.
We can then use the equation:
vertical distance = initial vertical velocity × time - 0.5 × g × t²
Plugging in the values, we get:
vertical distance = 2.25 m/s × sin(35°) × 0.494 s - 0.5 × 9.8 m/s² × (0.494 s)² = 0.683 m
Therefore, the girl was approximately 0.683 meters above the water when she let go of the rope.
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The girl was approximately 4.51 meters above the water when she let go of the rope. This was determined by resolving her initial velocity into horizontal and vertical components and using the kinematic equation for vertical motion under gravity.
Projectile Motion Calculation
To determine how high above the water the girl was when she let go of the rope, we need to analyze her motion as a projectile. We'll start by resolving her initial velocity into horizontal and vertical components:
Initial velocity [tex](v_0): 2.25 m/s[/tex]
Angle above horizontal: [tex]35.0^o[/tex]
Horizontal component [tex](v_{0x})[/tex]:
[tex]v_{0x} = v_0 \times cos(\theta)\\v_{0x} = 2.25 \times cos(35.0^o) = 1.84 m/s[/tex]
Vertical component [tex](v_{0y})[/tex]:
[tex]v_{0y} = v_0 \times sin(\theta)\\v_{0y} = 2.25 \times sin(35.0^0) = 1.29 m/s[/tex]
Next, we use the vertical motion to determine the initial height (h). We use the kinematic equation for vertical motion under gravity, assuming downward is negative:
[tex]y = v_{0y} \times t + 0.5 \times a \times t^2[/tex]
Where:
y = vertical displacement (we want to solve for the initial height, so y = h)
[tex]t = 1.10 s[/tex] (total flight time)
[tex]a = -9.8 m/s^2[/tex] (acceleration due to gravity)
Since she starts from an unknown initial height and lands at [tex]y = 0[/tex] (water surface level), rearrange the equation for h:
[tex]0 = h + (1.29 m/s \times 1.10 s) - (0.5 \times 9.8 m/s^2 \times (1.10 s)^2)\\0 = h + 1.42 - 5.93\\h = 4.51 meters[/tex]
what causes the phases of the moon
The lunar phases are produced as a result of the change of the relative positions of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun.
The part of the lunar surface illuminated by the Sun that we can see from the Earth, is changing throughout a cycle that is repeated periodically every 29 days, 12 hours, 43 minutes and 12 seconds.
The answer is: Earth revolving around the sun and the sun's light being reflected off the moon.
Which indicates that a chemical reaction has occurred? A. a broken egg sinks after its has been sitting out for several days. B. you smell gasoline when you remove the cap on a gas tank. C. an unripe orange on a tree doesn't smell at all
What is hooke's law? does it apply to elastic materials or to inelastic materials?
Explanation:
Hooks law tries to explain th relationship between the force applied and the extension of the elastic material.
Elastic materials are materials which obeys hooks law
A 1,200-watt water heater is plugged into a 120-volt outlet and used for 1.5 hours. How much current runs through the water heater?
Answer:
Current (i) = 10 Ampere
Explanation:
As we know that power consumed by the electrical heater is given by the rate of electrical energy consumed by it.
So as we know that electrostatic potential energy of charge is given by
[tex]U = qV[/tex]
now for electrical power we know that
[tex]P = \frac{dU}{dt}[/tex]
[tex]P = \frac{d}{dt}(qV)[/tex]
[tex]P = V\frac{dq}{dt}[/tex]
[tex]P = Vi[/tex]
so now by plug in data in this above equation we have
[tex]1200 = 120 \times i[/tex]
[tex]i = 10 A[/tex]
so current through the water heater will be i = 10 A
Which letter shows the type of wave that can be seen by the human eye?
The type of wave seen by human eyes are the visible light waves, having the range of wavelengths from 400 nm to 700 nm.
The given problem is based on the concepts of electromagnetic spectrum. The range or the distribution of electromagnetic radiation as per the frequency and wavelength, is known as electromagnetic spectrum.
As per the given question, the human eye can see the visible light spectrum. These spectrum of light rays can be visible or perceived by the human eye in normal condition, or we can say that the range of wavelengths fall under visible spectrum can be sensed by human eye.
Moreover, the visible light is usually defined as having the range of wavelengths from 400 nm to 700 nm, which are in color range from purple to red. The visible light is generally characterized by the symbol [tex]\lambda[/tex] , also known as Lambda.
Thus, we can conclude that the type of wave seen by human eyes are the visible light waves, having the range of wavelengths from 400 nm to 700 nm.
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A 5.45-g combustible sample is burned in a calorimeter. the heat generated changes the temperature of 555 g of water from 20.5°c to 39.5°c. how much energy is released by the burning? the specific heat of water is 4.18 j/ (°c × g). 564 j 2,500 j 44,100 j 138,000 j
The Bay of Fundy has the greatest tidal ranges on Earth. What can you infer about the Bay of Fundy?
a. It faces the moon more often than other places on Earth.
b. It has many rocky beaches.
c. It is a long, narrow inlet.
d. Its tides cannot be predicted accurately.
C is the answer
The Bay of Fundy has the greatest tidal ranges on Earth. What can you infer about the Bay of Fundy?
a.
It faces the moon more often than other places on Earth.
b.
It has many rocky beaches.
c.
It is a long, narrow inlet.
d.
Its tides cannot be predicted accurately.
Answer:
c.
Explanation:
A 25kg box fell 200m with an acceleration of 5 m/s2. with what force did it hit the floor when it landed?
A model rocket blasts off from the ground, rising straight upward with a constant acceleration that has a magnitude of 86.0 m/s2 for 1.70 seconds, at which point its fuel abruptly runs out. air resistance has no effect on its flight. what maximum altitude (above the ground) will the rocket reach?
The maximum altitude the rocket will reach is 169 meters above the ground.
Explanation:The maximum altitude (above the ground) that the rocket will reach can be determined by using the equations of motion. Since the rocket rises straight upward with a constant acceleration, we can use the kinematic equation:
vf = vi + at
where vf is the final velocity, vi is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration, and t is the time. In this case, the initial velocity is 0 m/s, the acceleration is 86.0 m/s², and the time is 1.70 seconds. Plugging in these values, we get:
vf = 0 + (86.0)(1.70)
vf = 146.2 m/s
Since the maximum height occurs when the velocity is 0 m/s, we can use the equation:
vf² = vi² + 2ad
where d is the displacement. Solving for d, we get:
d = (vf² - vi²) / (2a)
Plugging in the values, we get:
d = (0 - (146.2)²) / (2(-86.0))
d = 169 m
Therefore, the maximum altitude the rocket will reach is 169 meters above the ground.
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What is a common greenhouse gas containing only hydrogen and oxygen?
A man stands on the roof of a 15.0-m-tall building and throws a rock with a speed of 30.0 m>s at an angle of 33.0%1b above the horizontal. ignore air resistance. calculate (a) the maximum height above the roof that the rock reaches; (b) the speed of the rock just before it strikes the ground; and (c) the horizontal range from the base of the building to the point where the rock strikes the ground.
a. [tex]\rm \(h_{\text{max}} = 13.62 \, \text{m}\)[/tex], b. [tex]\rm \(v_{\text{final}} = 34.554 \, \text{m/s}\)[/tex], c. [tex]\rm \(R = 102.756 \, \text{m}\)[/tex]
Given:
Initial height [tex]\rm (\(h_{\text{initial}}\))[/tex] = 15.0 m
Initial speed [tex]\rm (\(v_{\text{initial}}\))[/tex] = 30.0 m/s
Launch angle [tex]\rm (\(\theta\))[/tex] = 33.0°
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.81 m/s²
a. To calculate the maximum height above the roof, we need to find the vertical component of the initial velocity [tex]\rm (\(v_{\text{vertical}}\))[/tex] using trigonometric functions:
[tex]\rm \[v_{\text{vertical}} = v_{\text{initial}} \cdot \sin(\theta)\][/tex]
The time taken to reach the maximum height [tex]\rm (\(t_{\text{max}}\))[/tex] can be calculated using:
[tex]\rm \[t_{\text{max}} = \frac{v_{\text{vertical}}}{g}\][/tex]
The maximum height above the roof [tex]\rm (\(h_{\text{max}}\))[/tex] can be found using kinematic equation:
[tex]\rm \[h_{\text{max}} = h_{\text{initial}} + v_{\text{vertical}} \cdot t_{\text{max}} - \frac{1}{2} g \cdot t_{\text{max}}^2\][/tex]
Substitute the given values:
[tex]\rm \[h_{\text{max}} = 15.0 + (30.0 \cdot \sin(33.0\°)) \cdot \frac{30.0 \cdot \sin(33.0\°)}{9.81} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 9.81 \cdot \left(\frac{30.0 \cdot \sin(33.0\°)}{9.81}\right)^2 \\= 13.62 \, \text{m}\][/tex]
b. The speed of the rock just before it strikes the ground is the magnitude of the velocity vector [tex]\rm (\(v_{\text{final}}\))[/tex] at that point. We can use the vertical motion equation to calculate [tex]\rm \(v_{\text{vertical}}\)[/tex] at the time it hits the ground:
[tex]\rm \[v_{\text{vertical}} = v_{\text{initial}} \cdot \sin(\theta) - g \cdot t_{\text{total}}\][/tex]
Where [tex]\rm \(t_{\text{total}}\)[/tex] is the total time of flight, which can be found using:
[tex]\rm \[t_{\text{total}} = \frac{2 \cdot v_{\text{vertical}}}{g}\][/tex]
Substitute the given values to find [tex]\rm \(v_{\text{final}}\)[/tex]:
[tex]\rm \[v_{\text{final}} = \sqrt{(v_{\text{initial}} \cdot \cos(\theta))^2 + (v_{\text{initial}} \cdot \sin(\theta) - g \cdot t_{\text{total}})^2} \\= 34.554 \, \text{m/s}\][/tex]
c. The horizontal range (R) can be calculated using:
[tex]\rm \[R = v_{\text{horizontal}} \cdot t_{\text{total}}\][/tex]
Where [tex]\rm \(v_{\text{horizontal}}\)[/tex] is the horizontal component of the initial velocity:
[tex]\rm \[v_{\text{horizontal}} = v_{\text{initial}} \cdot \cos(\theta)\][/tex]
Substitute the values:
[tex]\rm \[R = (30.0 \cdot \cos(33.0\°) \cdot \frac{2 \cdot (30.0 \cdot \sin(33.0\°)}{9.81} \\= 102.756 \, \text{m}\][/tex]
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The student's question involves a physics problem on projectile motion, where kinematic equations and principles like conservation of energy are used to find the maximum height the rock reaches, the speed before impact, and the horizontal range of the throw.
Explanation:The question requires solving a projectile motion problem, involving a man throwing a rock from a building at a certain angle above the horizontal. To solve this, we'll use kinematic equations and principles such as the conservation of energy. To answer the question:
Maximum height above the roof the rock reaches can be found using the vertical component of the initial velocity and the acceleration due to gravity.Speed of the rock just before it strikes the ground involves both the vertical and horizontal components just before impact, calculated using kinematics equations and initial conditions.Horizontal range from the base of the building to where the rock strikes the ground is obtained by considering the horizontal component of the initial velocity and the time it takes for the rock to hit the ground.A student compresses the spring in a pop up toy .020 meter if the sprinf has a spring constant of 340 newtons per meter how much energy is being stored in the spring
The potential energy stored in the spring is 0.068 Joule.
What is potential energy?Potential energy is a form of stored energy that is dependent on the relationship between different system components. When a spring is compressed or stretched, its potential energy increases.
If a steel ball is raised above the ground as opposed to falling to the ground, it has more potential energy. It is capable of performing more work when raised.
Potential energy is a characteristic of systems rather than of particular bodies or particles; for instance, the system made up of Earth and the elevated ball has more potential energy as they become further apart.
Given parameters:
Compression of the spring: Δx = 0.020 meter.
Spring constant: k = 340 Newton per meter.
Hence, The potential energy stored in the spring = 1/2 × k × Δx²
= 1/2 × 340 × 0.020² Joule
= 0.068 Joule.
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