The solar system has small bodies categorized mainly as asteroids and comets. Asteroids are rocky bodies found mostly between Mars and Jupiter, while comets are made of frozen gases and reside within distant, cooler regions. Other bodies include moons and ring systems around giant planets.
Explanation:The solar system consists of various small bodies, each categorized due to their composition and location. Primarily, there are two classes, asteroids and comets.
Asteroids are primarily rocky bodies that orbit the Sun and are mostly found in the space between Mars and Jupiter, although a few cross the orbits of planets like Earth. These are remnants from when the solar system was forming, even predating the planets. Some small moons are actually captured asteroids - the moons of Mars, for instance.
Another class, comets, are primarily made of various frozen gases such as water, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Like asteroids, comets are remnants from the formation of the solar system. However, they were formed in distant, cooler regions of the solar system and continue to remain in these regions.
Besides these, we also have moons that orbit planets, and ring systems around the giant planets which are made up of countless small bodies, and still-smaller objects with masses less than about 1/100th the mass of the Sun, which are also called planets.
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The molar mass of sucrose (C12H22O11) is 342.3 g/mol. A chemist has a 0.500-mol sample of sucrose. What is the mass, in grams, of this sample?
a) 171
b) 342
c)500
d)684
Answer:
a) 171
Explanation:
We can find the mass (in grams) of a sample by multiplying the amount of moles by the molar mass.
In this case, we know we have 0.500-mol and would multiply it by the molar mass, 342.3g/mol, to give us the answer of 171.15g rounded down to 171g.
Equation: 0.500mol x 342.3g/mol = 171.15g
Answer:
171
Explanation:
Edg
A student is given 50.0mL of a solution of Na2CO3 of unknown concentration. To determine the concentration of the solution, the student mixes the solution with excess 1.0MCa(NO3)2(aq) , causing a precipitate to form. The balanced equation for the reaction is shown below.
Na2CO3(aq)+Ca(NO3)2(aq)→2NaNO3(aq)+CaCO3(s)
a) Write the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when the solutions of Na2CO3 and Ca(NO3)2 are mixed.
Answer:
CO₃²⁻ + Ca²⁺ → CaCO₃(s)
Explanation:
In a net ionic equation there are listed just the ions that are involved in the reaction.
For the reaction:
Na₂CO₃(aq) + Ca(NO₃)₂(aq) → 2NaNO₃(aq) + CaCO₃(s)
Ions are:
2 Na⁺ + CO₃²⁻ + Ca²⁺ + 2 NO₃⁻ → 2 Na⁺ + 2 NO₃⁻ + CaCO₃(s)
Thus, ions that react are just CO₃²⁻ and Ca²⁺ and net ionic equation is:
CO₃²⁻ + Ca²⁺ → CaCO₃(s)
The net ionic equation for the reaction between Na2CO3 and Ca(NO3)2, removing the spectator ions, is 2Na+ + CO32- + Ca2+ → CaCO3 + 2Na+.
Explanation:You were asked to write the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when solutions of Na2CO3 and Ca(NO3)2 are mixed. The net ionic equation only includes those substances and ions in the ionic compounds that undergo a chemical change. In this case, they are the ions that combine to form the precipitate CaCO3.
The net ionic equation removes any spectator ions (ions that do not participate directly in the reaction but exist in the solution). In this reaction, the nitrate ions (NO3-) and the sodium ions (Na+) are the spectator ions, as they remain in the solution and do not form a part of the precipitate.
Therefore, the net ionic equation is: 2Na+ + CO32- + Ca2+ → CaCO3 + 2Na+
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All members of the domain Bacteria have which of the following characteristics? All bacteria -
A.are multicellular.
B.reproduce sexually.
C.lack a nucleus in their cells.
D.make their own food.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
A characteristic of members of the domain Bacteria is that they: C. lack a nucleus in their cells.
What is a cell?A cell can be defined as the fundamental, functional, structural and smallest unit of life, which is primarily found in all living organisms.
The classification of living organisms.Basically, all living organisms are broadly classified into two (2) main categories according to their cell type and these are;
Unicellular organisms: these are living organisms with a single cell.Multicellular organisms: these are living organisms that possess multiple cells.The domain Bacteria are generally prokaryotes, which means that they are prokaryotic cells with bacterial rRNA but no nuclear membrane.
In conclusion, all members of the domain Bacteria lack a nucleus in their cells.
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the width of a garden is (4x-1) feet and the length is 2x feet. Find the perimeter of the garden.
Answer:
6x-1 feet
Explanation:
perimeter = ( 4x-1 ) + 2x
= 6x-1 feet
Students are provided with a choice of two solutions. Each one is used to test the presence of a different chemical. How could students use one of these solutions to gather evidence for the action of photosynthesis?
Answer:
use fehling's Solution on the plant leaves exposed to light and on the plant leaves covered in aluminium foil for a week
Explanation:
This can be found out by using fehling's Solution on the plant leaves exposed to light and on the plant leaves covered in aluminium foil for a week.
This will gather evidence for the action of photosynthesis.
5g of aspirin will powder will take effect more quickly than a 5g aspirin tablet because the powder has more what
Answer:
Explanation:
Because the powder has more finer and larger surface area hence it absorbed faster and it becomes more effective in performance compared to the tablet that will still need to be dissolved before it is been assimilated into the body system.
How many grams of HF are needed to react with 3.0 moles of Sn?
Answer:
120g
Explanation:
Step 1:
We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction.
Sn + 2HF —> SnF2 + H2
Step 2:
Determination of the number of mole HF needed to react with 3 moles of Sn.
From the balanced equation above,
1 mole of Sn and reacted with 2 moles of HF.
Therefore, 3 moles Sn will react with = 3 x 2 = 6 moles of HF.
Step 3:
Conversion of 6 moles of HF to grams.
Number of mole HF = 6 moles
Molar Mass of HF = 1 + 19 = 20g/mol
Mass of HF =..?
Mass = number of mole x molar Mass
Mass of HF = 6 x 20
Mass of HF = 120g
Therefore, 120g of HF is needed to react with 3 moles of Sn.
Which of the following units is rarely, if ever, used in science labs?
A.centimeter
B.gram
C.quart
D.milliliter
Answer: C. Quart
Explanation:
Quart is a unit of measurement for liquids and is equivalent to 2 pints.
Quart is a unit which is used rarely if ever in science labs.
What are units?Units are used in measurement and have a definite magnitude which is defined and adopted by law and is used as a standard for measurement of same kind of quantity. Any other quantity of the same kind is expressed as a multiple of unit of the measurement.
There are many system of units which are common out of which International System of units is the modern form of the metric system.
The fields of science, engineering make use of units which aids researchers in problem solving . The system of units varies from country to country and the different system of units are SI system,MKS system and CGS system .
Centimeter, gram and millimeter are SI units which are used in science labs while quart is a non-SI unit and is not oftenly used in labs.
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To compress nitrogen at 1 atm from 750 mL to 500 ml, what must the new pressure be if the temperature
is kept constant.
Answer: The new pressure if the temperature is kept constant is 1.5 atm
Explanation:
To calculate the new pressure, we use the equation given by Boyle's law. This law states that pressure is directly proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature.
The equation given by this law is:
[tex]P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex]
where,
[tex]P_1\text{ and }V_1[/tex] are initial pressure and volume.
[tex]P_2\text{ and }V_2[/tex] are final pressure and volume.
We are given:
[tex]P_1=1atm\\V_1=750mL\\P_2=?\\V_2=500mL[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]1\times 750mL=P_2\times 500mL\\\\P_2=1.5atm[/tex]
Thus new pressure if the temperature is kept constant is 1.5 atm
To compress nitrogen at 1 atm from 750 mL to 500 ml, while keeping the temperature constant, the new pressure must be 1.5 atm. This is calculated using Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship when the temperature is held constant.
Explanation:To solve this problem, we need to use Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship when the temperature is kept constant. This means if you increase the volume, the pressure decreases and vice versa. The formula for Boyle's Law is P1V1 = P2V2.
In this problem: P1 = initial pressure = 1 atm. V1 = initial volume = 750 mL. V2 = final volume = 500 mL. We are asked to find P2 (final pressure).
Using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2), we can set up our equation like this: 1 atm * 750 mL = P2 * 500 mL. Solving for P2, we find that P2 = (1 atm * 750 mL) / 500 mL = 1.5 atm.
So, to compress nitrogen at 1 atm from 750 mL to 500 ml, the new pressure must be 1.5 atm when the temperature is kept constant.
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The teacher made a 0.5M solutions.How is this number read/said?
Answer:
Zero point five Molar solutions
Explanation:
In chemistry, there are units for expression the concentration of a solution. The concentration of a solution is defined as the amount of solute present in a given volume of solvent. There are diverse units of concentration recognized in chemistry with each one written in its own unique way and with its own unique symbols. Some concentration units are even expressed in percentage.
However, molar concentration is shown as M (upper case letter M). This unit is alternatively written as molL-1. When we write 0.5 M, we pronounce it as zero point five molar.
any measurement that includes both magnitude and direction is called a
Answer:
Vector
Explanation:
A measurement that includes both magnitude and direction is called a vector. It's a quantity fully defined by these two properties. Examples are force, velocity, and displacement.
Explanation:Any measurement that includes both magnitude and direction is called a vector. A vector is a quantity that is fully explained by both direction and magnitude. For instance, force is a good example of a vector because it includes information about the intensity of force (magnitude) and the direction in which it's applied. Other examples of vectors include velocity and displacement.
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The specific heat of silver is 0.24 J/g°C. If 15.4 g of silver absorb 332 J heat, how much will the temperature of the silver increase?
To calculate the temperature increase, use the heat equation q = m × c × ΔT. Given that 15.4 g of silver absorb 332 J and the specific heat is 0.24 J/g°C, solving for ΔT yields a temperature increase of approximately 89.8°C.
Explanation:To calculate how much the temperature of the silver will increase when it absorbs heat, you can use the formula:
q = m × c × ΔT
where
q is the heat absorbed in joules (J)m is the mass in grams (g)c is the specific heat in joules per gram per degree Celsius (J/g°C), andΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius (°C).We can rearrange the formula to solve for ΔT (change in temperature):
ΔT = q / (m × c)
In this case
q = 332 Jm = 15.4 gc = 0.24 J/g°CTherefore, the change in temperature is:
ΔT = 332 J / (15.4 g × 0.24 J/g°C) = 332 J / (3.696 J/°C) ≈ 89.8°C
The temperature of the silver will increase by approximately 89.8°C.
Pleaseee helpppp I will give you the brain thing and A thank you !!!!
Which of these types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest energy?
How can natural resources cause a conflict in a country
Answer:
If there are resource shortages, many species (not just humans) may not have the things they need to survive, and can result in conflicts.
Explanation:
A sample of a halogen gas has a mass of 0.239 g and exerts 600.0 Torr at 140C in a 100.0 mL flask.
a. Calculate the molar mass of the halogen.
b. Calculate the density of the gas at 1.00 atm and 298 K.
show work please
Answer:
Molar mass = 102.5 g/mol
Density = 4.19 g/L
Explanation:
To find the molar mass, we first need to find how many moles are in the sample. To do this, we can use the PV=nRT equation.
P = 600 torr * (1 atm/760 torr) = 0.79 atm
V = .1 L
n = this is the number of moles and what you are solving for
R = gas constant = 0.08206 L*atm/moles*K
T = 140 C + 273 = 413 K
Plug these values into the PV=nRT equation:
n = (.1 L*.79 atm)/(0.08206*413 K)/
n = .00233 moles
To find the molar mass divide the grams by the moles
0.239 g / .00233 moles = 102.5 g/mol
For the second part of the problem, you need to use this equation:
d (denstiy) = (P*molar mass)/ R*T
d = (1 atm * 102.5 g/mol) / (.08206*298 K)
d = 4.19 g/L
The molar mass of the halogen gas is 12.39 g/mol. The density of the gas at 1.00 atm and 298 K is 0.505 g/L.
Explanation:a. To calculate the molar mass of the halogen gas, we can use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, let's convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:
T = 140 °C + 273.15 = 413.15 K
Next, let's convert the pressure from Torr to atm:
P = 600.0 Torr / 760.0 Torr/atm = 0.7895 atm
Now, let's rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for the number of moles:
n = PV / RT
Substituting the given values:
n = (0.7895 atm * 0.1000 L) / (0.0821 atm L/mol K * 413.15 K)
n = 0.01928 mol
Finally, let's calculate the molar mass by dividing the mass of the sample by the number of moles:
Molar mass = 0.239 g / 0.01928 mol = 12.39 g/mol
b. The density of a gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law equation:
density = (molar mass * pressure) / (gas constant * temperature)
Using the given values:
density = (12.39 g/mol * 1.00 atm) / (0.0821 atm L/mol K * 298 K)
density = 0.505 g/L
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What is the correct formula that would result from the combination of the two ionic species?
K1+ and NO1-2
The combination of K1+ (potassium ion) and NO1-2 (nitrate ion) results in the formation of a stable compound with the formula KNO3.
The combination of the ionic species K1+ (potassium ion) and NO1-2 (nitrate ion) results in the formation of a stable compound through ionic bonding. The chemical formula for this compound is KNO3.
In KNO3, the potassium ion (K1+) donates one electron to the nitrate ion (NO1-2), forming a positively charged potassium ion and a negatively charged nitrate ion. The ionic bond between them is strong and results in the overall neutral charge of the compound.
Potassium nitrate (KNO3) is a well-known salt with various applications. It is commonly used in fertilizers, food preservation, and the manufacturing of fireworks. The balanced formula reflects the conservation of charge in the chemical reaction, ensuring that the total positive charge from potassium ions is equal to the total negative charge from nitrate ions.
In summary, the correct formula for the compound formed by the combination of K1+ and NO1-2 ions is KNO3, where the potassium ion and nitrate ion combine through ionic bonding to create a stable, electrically neutral compound.
Final answer:
The combination of potassium and nitrite nitrite forms the ionic compound KNO2, which is known as potassium nitrite.When combining these two nitrite , it is essential to balance the charges to form a neutral compound.
Explanation:
The correct formula that would result from the combination of the ionic species potassium and nitrite is KNO2. To write the formula of an ionic compound, the total positive charge must balance the total negative charge. When a metal reacts with a non-metal, the electrons that are in the metal are transferred to the non-metal which then forms an ion. The compound in the results is called an ionic compound. Because potassium has a charge of 1+ and nitrite has a charge of 1−, they combine in a 1:1 ratio to form potassium nitrite.
The environment with the greatest biodiversity is the one with the greatest variety of
Final answer:
The greatest biodiversity is found in environments with a wide variety of ecosystems, especially in the tropics. Biodiversity, which includes all life forms and ecosystems, is crucial for ecological balance and human well-being. Despite its importance, biodiversity is at risk due to inadequate knowledge and human activities.
Explanation:
The environment with the greatest biodiversity is the one with the greatest variety of ecosystems. Biodiversity encompasses all of the variety of life that exists on Earth, including the diversity of genes, species, and ecosystems. It's well-documented that biodiversity is highest in the tropics, which is home to numerous endemic species and biodiversity hotspots. The variety of ecosystems ranging from coral reefs to prairies contributes to this richness in species. Yet, despite the high biodiversity in such regions, there is also a significant risk of biodiversity loss due to limited knowledge about these species and the impact of human activity.
The importance of biodiversity extends beyond the ecological realm and significantly affects human health and agriculture. A diverse array of species contributes to the robustness of ecosystems, which is essential for the survival and welfare of human populations. The loss of biodiversity can upset the interconnectedness of species, leading to detrimental impacts on the environment and human societies.
Please Help!!!....
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O Which statements about the equation shown above are correct? Check all that apply. It represents a reaction that involves rearrangement of atoms. It represents a reaction in which hydrogen nuclei and oxygen nuclei undergo change. It represents a reaction in which hydrogen electrons and oxygen electrons undergo change.
Answer:
a and c on edge
Explanation:
Answer:
A- It represents a reaction that involves rearrangement of atoms.
B- It represents a reaction in which hydrogen electrons and oxygen electrons undergo change.
for the reaction HCI+NaOH➡️NaCi+H2O, how many moles of hydrochloric acid are required to produce 150 g. of water?
Answer: 8.33 mol of HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)
Explanation:
150 g H2O x __1 mol__ x __1 mol HCl__ = 8.33 mol of HCl
18.016 g 1 mol H2O
Continental waters are classified into two categories Lentic and Lotic. A Lotic Ecosystem has flowing waters, such as creeks,
streams, rivers, springs, brooks and channels. A Lentic Ecosystem has still waters such as; ponds, marshes, ditches, reservoirs,
and lakes. The ecosystem of Lentic and Lotic waters includes biotic (living) interactions between plants, animals and micro-
organisms, and abiotic (nonliving) physical and chemical interactions.
Identify a key nonliving component of a Lentic ecosystem.
NEED HELP ASAP
A. algae
B. bacteria
C. fish
D. wind
Answer:
the answer is (WIND) trust me its right good luck on the test
Explanation:
How does the distance between the planet Earth and the Sun compare with the distances between the planet Earth and other stars?
A.
About half of the other stars are closer to Earth than the Sun.
B.
The other stars are many thousands of times closer to Earth than the Sun.
C.
The Sun and all the other stars are the same distance from Earth.
D.
The Sun is many thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star.
Reset Submit
Answer:
d
Explanation:
The distance between the planet earth and the sun compared with the distances between the planet Earth and other stars is the Sun is many thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star. The correct option is D.
What are a planet and a sun?In one year, the Earth completes its orbit around the Sun. The plane of the Earth's route around the Sun has a slope on its rotation axis. As the Earth revolves around the Sun, this angle of the Earth is affected by the seasons. All planetary growth is supported by the energy provided by the Sun.
We are moving away from the Sun extremely slowly due to a certain impact. That is how the Sun and the Earth interact tidally. The Earth is pushed further away from the Sun as a result of the Sun's revolution slowing down. You may read more about tides and how the Earth-Moon system affects them here.
Therefore, the correct option is D. The Sun is many thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star.
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How much kinetic energy does a truck with a mass of 2500 kg moving at 45 m have
Answer:
Kinetic energy, [tex]K=2.53\times 10^6\ J[/tex]
Explanation:
We have,
Mass of the truck is 2500 kg. It is moving with a speed of 45 m/s.
It is required to find the kinetic energy acting on the truck. As it is moving with some velocity, it will have kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of an object is given by :
[tex]K=\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex], m is mass and v is velocity
[tex]K=\dfrac{1}{2}\times 2500\times 45^2\\\\K=2.53\times 10^6\ J[/tex]
So, the kinetic energy of the truck is [tex]2.53\times 10^6\ J[/tex].
n the water cycle, clouds form as a result of .
Answer:
When water droplets get too heavy.
Explanation:
Hope this helps.
Answer:
when the ☁ cant hold no more rain
Explanation:
all plants and animals have mechanisms or ways to
a. transport nutrients within the cell
b. perform photosynthesis
c. regulate nerves
d. produce flowers
Answer:
I think A sorry if its wrong
Explanation:
All plants and animals have mechanisms or ways to transport nutrients within the cell. The correct option is a.
What is the transport of nutrients?Water is a nutrient that aids in the movement of substances through our bodies and the control of body temperature. The growth, development, and maintenance of the tissues and cells in our bodies depend on minerals like calcium and iron.
While the Phloem carries organic nutrients in plants, the Xylem carries water and minerals.
Animals' intestines absorb the water we drink, which is then transported throughout the body as bodily fluids like blood. These carry out a variety of tasks that keep us alive. They provide the cells with oxygen and nutrition and remove waste products, which are eventually expelled through urination.
Therefore, the correct option is a. transport nutrients within the cell
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how do biotic and abiotic factors affect an organism’s survival?
Explanation:
Biotic factor affect an organisms survival
The biotic factors in an ecosystem are the living organisms, such as animals. Biotic factors in an ecosystem are the participants in the food web, and they rely on each other for survival. These living organisms affect each other and influence the health of the ecosystem.
Abiotic factor affect an organisms survival
Abiotic factors are all of the non-living things in an ecosystem. Both biotic and abiotic factors are related to each other in an ecosystem, and if one factor is changed or removed, it can affect the entire ecosystem. Abiotic factors are especially important because they directly affect how organisms survive.
In a hair dryer, if current follows a SINGLE path through the heater and the fan, the circuit in the hair dryer is connected____
Answer:
heat energy
Explanation:
In a hair dryer, if the current follows a single path through the heater and the fan, the circuit in the hair dryer is connected in a series.
Explanation:In a hair dryer, if the current follows a single path through the heater and the fan, the circuit in the hair dryer is connected in a series.
When components in a circuit are connected in series, they are connected end-to-end, with the current having only one path to flow through. In this case, the current flows through the heater and the fan in a single loop.
Series circuits are commonly used in hair dryers and other electrical appliances, as they ensure that all components receive the same current.
a racing car travels 340 miles in 120 minutes. what speed is traveling at?
Answer:
It is traveling at 170 miles per hour.
Explanation:
divide 340 by 2 because right now it's at 340 miles per two hours.
You get 170 miles per hour.
A racing car travels 340 miles in 120 minutes. The speed travelled by the car are 2.83 Miles / minutes.
What is speed?Speed is defined as a measurement of the length of time it takes for an object to travel a certain distance. The amount of something that happens or changes in a unit of time is referred to as its rate. You can determine an object's speed if you know how far it moves in a specific amount of time. The distance an object travels in a given amount of time is its speed.
Speed can be expressed as
Speed = Distance / Time
Given, Distance = 340 miles
Time = 120 minutes
Speed = 340 miles / 120 minutes
Speed = 2.83 Miles / minutes
Thus, a racing car travels 340 miles in 120 minutes. The speed travelled by the car are 2.83 Miles / minutes.
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An ionic compound is typically formed between?
Answer:
Da Answer
Explanation:
Ionic bonds formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds are formed between a cation, which is usually a metal, and an anion, which is usually a nonmetal.
An ionic compound is typically formed between a metal, which becomes a cation, and a nonmetal, which becomes an anion. The ions are held together by electrostatic attractions known as ionic bonds, producing a neutral compound.
An ionic compound is typically formed between a metal and a nonmetal. This occurs when the metal atom loses one or more electrons, forming a positively charged ion known as a cation, while the nonmetal atom gains those electrons, forming a negatively charged ion known as an anion. The resulting ionic compound is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.
For example, sodium metal (Na), which is from group 1 of the periodic table, tends to lose one electron and become a sodium cation (Na+). Chlorine gas (Cl2), from group 17 of the periodic table, can accept one electron to form two chloride anions (Cl-). When these ions combine, they form sodium chloride (NaCl), where each sodium ion is paired with a chloride ion, making the compound neutral as a whole, with a zero net charge.
Which change occurs at the anode in an operating electrochemical cell?
1: gain of protons
2: gain of electrons
3: loss of protons
4: loss of electrons
Answer:loss of electrons
Explanation:
The change occurring at the anode in an operating electrochemical cell is the loss of electrons [4 ] , which is called oxidation. This is in contrast to the cathode, where reduction occurs and electrons are gained. Option 4 is correct .
In an operating electrochemical cell, the change that occurs at the anode is the loss of electrons. This process is known as oxidation. Remember that oxidation can be easily recalled using the mnemonic 'OIL RIG' which stands for Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain of electrons. Therefore, the correct option from the provided choices would be 4: loss of electrons.
To give a practical example, consider a zinc electrode undergoing oxidation in a voltaic cell. Here, zinc atoms at the anode lose electrons to become zinc ions (Zn²⁺). This can be represented by the half-reaction Zn(s) ⇒ Zn²⁺ (aq) + 2e
The released electrons then travel through an external circuit to reach the cathode.
Furthermore, in the process of reduction, occurring at the cathode, copper ions (Cu²⁺) in the solution gain electrons to become solid copper (Cu). This indicates that while the anode loses electrons, the cathode gains them, completing the circuit and allowing the cell to do work.