Answer:
Chloroplasts obtain energy from sunlight when light is absorbed by chlorophyll molecules. This causes excitation of electrons that provide high energy and are captured by photosystems, present in chloroplasts.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are cytoplasmic organelles of extreme importance, because it is through them that the first stage of photosynthesis occurs, the light-dependent stage.
It is in chloroplasts that chlorophyll is found, which is the main responsible for the absorption of sunlight necessary for photosynthesis. When chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, an excitation of electrons occurs that ends up being absorbed by the photosystems present in the chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts get energy from sunlight through photosynthesis. Chlorophyll molecules in the photosystems absorb light energy and use it to excite electrons from the splitting of water. This energy is then used to produce ATP and NADPH, which are used in the Calvin cycle to make sugar molecules.
Chloroplasts harness energy from sunlight through a process called photosynthesis. Here's how chloroplasts get energy from sunlight:
Light Absorption: Chloroplasts contain pigments, primarily chlorophylls, which are specialized molecules capable of absorbing light energy from the sun. These pigments are located in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts.Photon Absorption: When chlorophyll molecules in the chloroplasts absorb photons (particles of light), they become excited. This energy excites the electrons within the chlorophyll molecules to higher energy states.Electron Transport: Excited electrons from chlorophyll molecules are passed through a series of proteins embedded in the thylakoid membranes. This process is called the electron transport chain.Generation of ATP: As the excited electrons move through the electron transport chain, they release energy. This energy is used to pump protons (hydrogen ions) across the thylakoid membrane, creating a concentration gradient.ATP Synthesis: The buildup of protons in the thylakoid space creates potential energy. This potential energy is used to drive ATP synthase, an enzyme that synthesizes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). ATP is an energy-rich molecule.NADPH Formation: In addition to ATP, another molecule called NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is also generated during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. NADPH carries high-energy electrons and serves as a reducing agent in the subsequent dark reactions (Calvin cycle) of photosynthesis.Carbon Fixation: The ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions are used in the dark reactions of photosynthesis to fix carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere into organic molecules like sugars. This process is known as carbon fixation and takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast.In summary, chloroplasts use the energy from absorbed sunlight to drive the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and other organic compounds through the process of photosynthesis. This process transforms solar energy into chemical energy stored in the form of ATP and NADPH, which can then be used by the cell for various metabolic processes.
Learn more about Chloroplasts and photosynthesis here:
https://brainly.com/question/33505997
#SPJ6
In general, which factor is NOT critical when beginning an exercise program? A. using appropriate protective equipment during exercise B. finding friends who like to exercise the same way you do C. seeing your doctor for a physical assessment prior to beginning exercise D. choosing clothing that is designed to match your exercise program Please select the best answer from the choices provided. A B C D
The correct answer is option B. finding friends who like to exercise the same way you do
In the beginning of the exercise program, it is advised to were appropriate clothing as well as use protective equipment, so that the person is not injured and can do the exercise comfortably. It is also advised to go for a physical assessment before starting exercise, so that, any ailment cannot harm the person during exercise. But, finding friends, who are interested in same type of exercise is completely optional. It is better if you find friends, but it is not at all necessary.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Kim wants to grow some more plants in her garden. she has to plan carefully because she has an allergy to plant pollen. which plant should she not plant in her garden? dandelion, because it is wind-pollinated sweet cherry, because it is pollinated by flies blackberry, because it is bee-pollinated nextreset
The correct answer is A. Dandelion, because it is wind-pollinated.
A client who recently had surgery is bleeding. what blood product does the nurse anticipate administering for this client?
After 3 hours of exercise, what are the main sources of energy?
After 3 hours of exercise, the body primarily uses fatty acids and ketone bodies for energy. Muscle glycogen is used up quickly, followed by blood glucose and increased fat metabolism. If exercise continues for extended periods, protein can also be broken down for glucose.
Explanation:After 3 hours of exercise, the main sources of energy for the body are fatty acids and ketone bodies. When muscle glycogen stores are depleted, which happens within the first few minutes of high-intensity exercise, the body then transitions to using blood glucose and fatty acids as the primary sources of energy.
Glucose can still contribute to energy production through the bloodstream, particularly if it's been recently ingested through diet. If exercise continues for an extended period or at lower intensity, fatty acid metabolism increases, and the body begins to utilize these fats more predominantly. Eventually, if the body is subjected to starvation or continued long-duration exercise, it will start producing ketone bodies from fatty acids as an alternative energy source.
Proteins are usually conserved during exercise but can be broken down to glucose in situations of energy deficit or extended duration activities. In summary, following exhaustive exercises like those spanning 3 hours, fat stores and any circulating blood glucose become the principal sources of energy for the body, with ketone body production coming into play thereafter.
Name the thin tissue that holds the organs in place in the body cavity
The two major types of sensory receptors, based on the origin of stimuli, are
Episodes of overeating (typically high-calorie foods) followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise are common in individuals with
In emphasizing that genetic influences on behavior depend on a personʼs home environment, psychologists are highlighting the importance of:
What is the significance of the red blood cell being anucleate?
An important buffer in the blood is a mixture of ________.
Why is it important that nadp+ reductase is on the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane?
The NADP+ reductase is present on the outer side of the thylakoid membrane so as to release NADPH on the stromal side where it can be used during dark reaction along with ATP to form glucose.
Further Explanation:
The light reaction or energy-producing phase of photosynthesis takes place in the thylakoid membrane forming ATP and NADPH. These molecules are then utilized during the dark reaction to produce sugars that occur in the stroma. The ATP is the energy-storing molecule while NADPH is the reduced electron carrier.
NADP+ reductase or ferredoxin NADP+ reductase (FNR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the last step of the light reaction during photosynthesis that is the transfer of electrons from ferredoxin (reduced) to NADP+ and results in the formation of NADPH and ferredoxin (oxidized). This enzyme is located on the outer periphery of the thylakoid membrane. When FNR accepts electrons from ferredoxin it releases NADPH on the outside of the thylakoid membrane or the stroma as FNR faces outwards. NADPH cycling is a vital step and can occur only in the presence of light. The stromal side provides optimal light for the reaction to take place.
The ATP is also formed in the light reaction as the movement of electrons from one carrier to another releasing some sort of energy which is used to pump proton (H+) to the lumen from the stroma. The transfer of protons back to the stroma takes place through ATP synthase resulting in the formation of ATP.The ATP and NADPH are formed on the stromal side and are used in the dark reaction to proceed photosynthesis further and form a glucose molecule from carbon dioxide.
Therefore, the presence of NADP+ reductase on the stromal side is important so as to form NADPH on the outer side and perform the NADPH cycling efficiently.
Learn more:
Learn more about aerobic and anaerobic respiration https://brainly.com/question/1544781 Learn more about cellular respiration https://brainly.com/question/543244 Learn more about alcoholic respirationhttps://brainly.com/question/7419007
Answer Details:
Grade: College Biology
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Photosynthesis
Keywords:
Photosynthesis, light reaction, dark reaction, thylakoid membrane, stroma, lumen, NADP+ reductase, FNR, ATP, NADPH, ferredoxin.
_____ 8. destroy pathogens on the outer body surface, at body openings, and on inner body linings
The most serious complications of bulimia and anorexia nervosa include
What is the relationship between the energy charge of a cell and control of the atp-generating pathway?
Substances formed by joining smaller molecules together are called
How does the input of olfactory information to the brain differ from other sensory input pathways?
a. it does not require the cortex for higher order processing.
b. direct connections to the thalamus are not made before information reaches the cortex.
c. the first direct connection is to the thalamus and not to the medulla.
d. prior to making connections with the medulla, sensory input travels through the spinal cord?
The development of the _____________—with its small size, absence of heat, and low cost—made personal computers possible
In which stage of the cell cycle was the nucleus with 6 picograms of dna?
The type of blood vessel that allows easy passage of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste through its cell wall is the ________.
The type of blood vessel which has the function of having to allow passage easily of other substances such as nutrients, carbon dioxide, oxygen and even waste in the cell wall is known to be the capillary. It is known to be a branching blood vessel in which it has a role of being a network with both the venules and arterioles.
The ________ surrounds the third ventricle and its two most important structures are the _______.
Covered by the two cerebral hemispheres, the diencephalon is the structure of the central nervous system that surrounds the third ventricle. It is composed of several other structures. The most important of them are the Thalamus, which plays a very important role in movements and emotions; and the Hypothalamus, which provides functions including thermoregulation, appetite and regulation of the sleep-wake cycle.
What essential bodily fluid can an astronaut’s body stop producing if his or her hips are exposed to solar flares?
How does coal create a negative impact to the environment?
_____ are substances that are capable of enabling as well as inhibiting the flow of electricity.
a. insulators
Answer:
The answer is semiconductors
Explanation:
The relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relation between ________.
The relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relation between NUCLEOTIDE and NUCLEIC ACID.
The primary structure of the polypeptide chain is composed of 20 different classes of amino acids held together by peptide bonds.Thus, amino acids represent the building blocks of polypeptides (i.e., proteins).In a similar way, nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids (both DNA and RNA).On the other hand, monosaccharides (e.g., glucose) are building blocks of polysaccharides (e.g., starch).In conclusion, the relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relation between NUCLEOTIDE and NUCLEIC ACID.
Learn more in:
https://brainly.com/question/880893?referrer=searchResults
The relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar a leading to a longer chain.
Explanation:The relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relation between monosaccharide and polysaccharide in carbohydrates. Just like amino acids are the building blocks of polypeptides, monosaccharides are the building blocks of polysaccharides. Both amino acids and monosaccharides can link together through specific bonds to form longer chains.
Which type of membrane would be present in the largest quantity in a prokaryotic cell?
The membrane, which is present in the largest quantity in a prokaryotic cell is the cell membrane.
• The cell membrane also known as the plasma membrane separates the cell from the outside environment.
• It monitors the movement of organic molecules, water, ions, oxygen, and certain wastes into and out of the cell.
• The cell membrane protects the cell.
• The cell membranes are generally formed of fatty-acid-based lipids and proteins.
It is the cell membrane or the plasma membrane, which is present in the largest concentration in a prokaryotic cell.
To know more about cell membrane:
https://brainly.com/question/20926695
A young infant may believe that a bird is more like an airplane than an animal if the infant uses:
A young infant may see a bird like an airplane if the infant uses:
“Perceptual categorization”
Perceptual categorization is when something is directly categorized to be a part of a group when similar characteristics are observed. So in this case since the bird was flying, then the infant automatically recognizes it as a plane.
What does set point theory suggest about the probable results of bariatric surgery?
Set point theory proposes that the body has a natural weight "set point" that it strives to maintain, and bariatric surgery, while effective for initial weight loss, may be met with resistance from the body's homeostatic mechanisms, potentially leading to weight regain over time.
According to the set point theory, the body aims to stay within a preferred or stable weight range. Due to restricted food intake or malabsorption, people who have bariatric surgery can initially lose a lot of weight. However, the natural defenses of the body may prevent long-term weight loss.
Increased hunger, decreased energy expenditure, and adaptations that make long-term weight loss difficult to maintain can all be caused by metabolic and hormonal changes. In order to prevent weight gain and address the body's set point processes, people may need to significantly alter their lifestyles, get continuing assistance, and consider other options in addition to bariatric surgery.
To know more about bariatric surgery here https://brainly.com/question/15059120
#SPJ12
Excellent water supply can reduce the morbidity from typhoid fever by what percentage (potentially)?
Which of the following statements is true about catalysts? (1 point)
A. Catalysts slow down the rate of chemical reactions.
B. All catalysts are enzymes
C. Catalysts are used up during a chemical reaction.
D. Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction.
Answer:
The correct answer is: C. Catalysts are used up during a chemical reaction.
Explanation:
Catalysts are substances used in chemical reactions to speed them up. Many of our bodily functions require the use of catalysts to function at the rate we need them. The catalyst is not consumed during the reaction - because of this, catalysts can be re-used.
Catalysis is possible thanks to the presence of catalysts. Catalysts provide alternate pathways with the lower activation energy for the chemical reactions. Activation energy refers to the energy required for a reaction to happen. When there are no catalysts around, the activation energy is much higher, and thus the reaction is harder to achieve.
Catalysts in the body are called enzymes. Outside our bodies, there are also many catalysts, like heterogeneous catalysts, homogeneous catalysts, and photocatalysts.
If an individual is a carrier of an infectious disease, he is __________. if an individual is a carrier of an infectious disease, he is __________. both symptomatic and noninfective infective both asymptomatic and infective asymptomatic
An individual who is a carrier of an infectious disease is both asymptomatic and infective. This means they do not show symptoms, but can still transfer the disease to others, often via direct or indirect transmission mechanisms. Thus, carriers play a significant role in the propagation of infectious diseases.
Explanation:If an individual is a carrier of an infectious disease, he is both asymptomatic and infective. This means that while they do not show any symptoms of the disease, they can still transmit the disease to others. A good example is the herpes simplex virus, which may not present any noticeable signs or symptoms in most infected individuals.
Disease spreading in this way is referred to as a propagated spread, essentially progressing from person to person through a population of susceptible individuals. This can happen directly, with close person-to-person contact, or indirectly, via contaminated objects or surfaces, airborne inhalation of droplets or aerosols, or even through a vector such as an insect. Despite being asymptomatic, a carrier can have a major role in the spread of infectious diseases.
While a 'carrier' can also refer to an individual who can transmit a recessive genetic disorder to offspring without showing any symptoms, in the context of an infectious disease, a carrier is an infected individual who can transmit the contagious pathogen to others, whether or not symptoms are currently present.
Learn more about Infectious disease carrier here:https://brainly.com/question/33853820
#SPJ12