Animals generally consume organic stuff that is rich in proteins, amino acids, and other nitrogen-containing substances in order to receive usable nitrogen.
Animals require nitrogen to create and maintain their own proteins, DNA, RNA, and other important components.
Animals receive nitrogen through consumption of either plants, other animals, or both. Inorganic nitrogen from the soil can be taken up by plants and converted into proteins and amino acids.
Therefore, food moves through the digestive process before being absorbed. Amino acids are formed from proteins and other nitrogen-containing substances.
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Animals obtain nitrogen through consumption of plants and other animals that have converted nitrogen into biologically usable forms through a process called biological nitrogen fixation. This nitrogen is then utilized for building proteins and nucleic acids. Nitrogen is an essential part of life as it contributes to the creation of basic biological structures.
Explanation:Animals obtain usable nitrogen primarily through ingesting plants or other animals which contain nitrogen within their biomolecules. This nitrogen is resultant from a process called biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) where macroorganisms such as prokaryotes in the soil or cyanobacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. This ammonia can then be taken up by plants and converted into amino acids and ultimately into proteins.
Animals that eat these proteins break them down, extract the nitrogen, and use it to build their own structures, including their own nucleic acids and proteins. Excessive nitrogen is expelled as waste in the form of ammonia, urea, or uric acid, depending on the species of animal. Ultimately, the nitrogen cycle continues as these wastes are broken down further by additional microorganisms and returned back to the atmosphere.
Nitrogen is crucial for life because it is a key component of nucleic acids (like DNA and RNA) and proteins which are fundamental building elements in the body. Without nitrogen life as we know it could not exist.
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A principal problem with inserting an unmodified mammalian gene into a plasmid and then getting that gene expressed in bacteria is that _____.
A) prokaryotes use a different genetic code from that of eukaryotes
B) bacteria translate only mRNAs that have multiple messages
C) bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
D) bacterial RNA polymerase cannot make RNA complementary to mammalian DNA
C) bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
Answer:
C) bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
Explanation:
Because of that, before inserting eukaryotic DNA in prokaryotic cell, it is required to process it.
Cloning of DNA is a process used in molecular biology to replicate DNA fragments of interest. Enzymes required for this process are restriction enzymes which cut both, DNA of interest and bacterial plasmid that is used as vector and DNA ligases which fragment into plasmid. Recombinant plasmid is inserted into bacteria via transformation.
A mother rabbit gives birth to several offspring, which are all very similar in appearance. Each of the offspring is taken to a different location. A year later, the offspring are compared. They are all different sizes, with slight differences in the color of their fur and drastic differences in their personalities. Which statement best explains why the offspring, who inherited similar genes from their parents, are so different?
The difference in characteristics among the offspring, despite inheriting similar genes from their parents, is best explained by the fact that offspring vary in regard to their characteristics.
Explanation:The statement that best explains why the offspring, who inherited similar genes from their parents, are so different is that offspring vary among each other in regard to their characteristics.
This variation can be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While offspring inherit genes from both parents, they may receive different combinations of those genes, leading to variations in physical traits such as size and fur color. Additionally, environmental factors, such as diet, exercise, and social interactions, can also influence an individual's personality, resulting in drastic differences among the offspring.
SEO Keywords: offspring characteristics, genetic variation, environmental influence, inherited traits, physical traits, personality differences.
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If you ground up a cell and put all the molecules from the cell in a test tube, would this mixture of molecules be alive? Explain why or why not.
Answer:
No, because if you ground up a human and put it in a test tube, it would be dead but still have the same molecules
Explanation:
Science Question
if the parent hydra has 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does the hydra offspring have?
Answer:
16 i guess
Explanation:
bcs i think it will bcome half it is called haploid or diploid im not sure the name
Select the best answer for the question.
5. A runner is running the 60-meter dash, which is an oxygen-deficie
of energy is the runner's body using to power through the race?
O A. Catabolic
O B. Aerobic
O C. Anabolic
O D. Anaerobic
Answer:
D. Anaerobic
Explanation:
The human body gets energy by breaking a terminal phosphate from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a high energy molecule. In the cells, ATP is produced during cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration may be aerobic or anaerobic. Aerobic respiration occurs in presence of oxygen and yields 38 ATP from the oxidation of one glucose molecule whereas, anaerobic respiration occurs in absence of oxygen and yields only 2 ATP from the oxidation of one glucose molecule.
Normally human body fulfils its energy requirement by aerobic respiration. But when energy is a requirement is more during running a race, doing heavy exercises, aerobic respiration alone does not fulfil energy requirement, in such condition the body fulfil its required energy through anaerobic respiration in an oxygen-deficient environment.
Which layer of the gi tract participates in chemical digestion and absorption?
Answer:
The mucosa
Explanation:
The mucosa is the innermost layer of the GI tract and it has two main functions: Secretion and absorption.
The mucosa comes into contact (directly) to chyme, so the mucosa has goblet cells, which are specialized cells, that secrete a protective lining of mucus throughout the GI tract to protect it from harm. It is in the epithelium layer of the mucosa where the most absorption occurs.
Which of these is the accessory organ to digestion that produces most of the digestive enzymes?
Answer:
I'm pretty sure it's liver
Explanation:
How to make a dog throw up without hydrogen peroxide
grass makes dogs throw up
Compare and contrast prokaryotes and eukaryotes
There are two main types of cells among living organisms:
Eukaryotic cell (plants, animals, fungi) which is more compound, conntains nucleus with genetic material in it, membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes etc). Because of their complex structure, the process within such cells are often more comlex then those in prokaryotes. Eukaryotic organisms are usually multicellularProkaryotic cell is simple cell found in Archea and Bacteria kingdom. It doesn't have nucleus neither membrane-bound organelles. Genetic material of these cell is located within the cytoplasm together with proteins and metabolites. First living cell was prokaryotic cell. Organisms that are prokaryotic are usually unicellular.Which substance is a mixture of organic matter and weathered rock?
Soil is a mixture of organic matter and weathered rock, comprising the weathering of bedrock, as well as organic materials, making it a heterogeneous mixture.
The substance that is a mixture of organic matter and weathered rock is known as soil. Soil is created from the weathering of bedrock, which is the solid rock lying beneath the soil, as well as from organic materials. The lower layer of the soil, which includes the regolith and the saprolite, contains a mix of weathered bedrock, leeched materials, and organic matter. Soil also includes fragments of rocks, like sand, silt, or clay, and chemical precipitates. Since soil is composed of various materials, it is classified as a heterogeneous mixture.
The temperature of a body of water influences
It affects the aquatic life - the organisms that live in the water might not be able to survive changes in temperature
Which laboratory technique would be used to determine the energy content of food items?
the technique of calorymetry is used to determine the energy content of food items.
●Determination of energy is the basic principle technique.
Why is it more difficult to identify eukaryotic genes than prokaryotic genes using genomic techniques?
Answer:
Because eukaryotic genes contain introns
Explanation:
Eukaryotic genes are much more complex than prokaryotic genes. Some of the differences between these two groups of organisms are:
existence of exons and introns (which are spliced during the process of mRNA processing)post-transcriptional modifications (poly A tail and 5' cap)regulatory elements which control gene expression.On the other hand, prokaryotic genes are organized in operons, structural units that contain more that one gene, under the control of one promotor.
Eukaryotic gene expression is more complex due to physical separation of transcription and translation, epigenetic regulation, and larger genomes.
Eukaryotic gene expression is more complex than prokaryotic gene expression because the processes of transcription and translation are physically separated within the eukaryotic cell. Eukaryotic cells can regulate gene expression at multiple levels, beginning with control of access to DNA through epigenetic regulation. This complexity is further enhanced by the larger genomes, alternative splicing of mRNAs, and chromatin wrapping in eukaryotes.
Approximately how many deaths occur each year as a result of side effects from medicine
Answer:
These studies estimate that 6.7% of hospitalized patients have a serious adverse drug reaction with a fatality rate of 0.32%. If these estimates are correct, then there are more than 2,216,000 serious ADRs in hospitalized patients, causing over 106,000 deaths annually.
Explanation:
ADRs in hospitalized patients, causing over 106,000 deaths annually.
Which of the following is not part of a microarray used to detect SNPs? Question 2 choices Choice A., short DNA sequences attached to a glass slide Choice B., oligonucleotides that match the sequence of a known SNP site in the genome Choice C., mRNAs that are expressed from a specific gene Choice D., short DNA sequences synthesized with a specific sequence Choice E., oligonucleotides that differ in sequence only at the SNP itself and are positioned at different locations on a glas
The Answer:
Choice C: mRNAs that are expressed from a specific gene.
Which scientific force is primarily responsible for maintaining control of your vehicle?
Answer:
Inertia
Explanation:
This force ensures that objects remain in one course with less tendency to change direction when in motion or at rest. This force is the reason why you can let free the wheel of a car in motion and the car will more or less maintain course without toppling over. It is this same force that ensures that greater energy is required to launch the car from complete stall to motion.
Final answer:
Friction is the primary force responsible for controlling a vehicle, providing the necessary forces for both acceleration and circular motion via the interaction of the tires with the road surface.
Explanation:
The scientific force primarily responsible for maintaining control of your vehicle is friction. When tires rotate and attempt to push against the ground, friction acts in the opposite direction, allowing the vehicle to move forward in response to your control inputs. According to Newton's Third Law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction, which in the context of movement, means the ground pushes back on the tires with a reactionary friction force. Secondly, per Newton's Second Law, this friction force causes the car to accelerate, as the throttle, engine, and drivetrain work in unison to apply force to the road through the tires.
During circular motion, such as turning a corner, it's the friction force that keeps the car from sliding outwards. Despite what might feel like an outward pull, this sensation is actually a fictitious force arising from our inertia; the real force at work is still friction, directed towards the center of the circle the car is navigating (centripetal force). This explains why in slippery conditions, like ice, a car may struggle to stay on course, as the coefficient of friction is significantly reduced, making it harder to generate the necessary centripetal force to keep the vehicle following the curve of the road.
Flower cluster whose name can be read as a challenge
Which of the following occurs in ALL species of living organisms and may lead to an increase in genetic variation?A. Mutations in the genomeB. Crossing-over in meiosisC. Random assortment of chromosomesD. Alternative splicing of mRNA
Answer:
Mutations in the genome
Mutations in the genome occurs in all species of living organisms and may lead to an increase in genetic variation.
Which disease will happen due to mutation?The sickle cell anemia will be caused due to the change in the DNA nucleotide sequence has been observed, where adenine has been substituted by the thymine, whose expression has the change in the sequence of the amino acids in β-globin, with valine being incorporated instead of glutamic acid. This constitutes a mutation of the missense type.
Mutations has been characterized by the substitution of one nucleotide by another in the DNA sequence and a point mutation whose consequence has been reflected in the transcription and substitution of one amino acid by another in a protein, whose structure or function will be altered.
The change from glutamic acid to the valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease.
Therefore, Mutations in the genome occurs in all species of living organisms and may lead to an increase in genetic variation.
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Which of the following statements is an accurate combination of postulates 1 and 2 of natural selection?
Heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population.
Drug resistance exists among all individuals in a population.
Heritable variation does not exist among individuals in a population.
Environmental variation exists for traits among individuals in a population.
Answer:
Heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population.
Explanation:
According to Darwin's theory of evolution, natural selection is the main evolutionary mechanism. Darwin explains that organisms that have heritable traits that help them survive and reproduce, will be favorable by natural selection. Those favorable traits will enable organism to better adapt to their environment and to pass more genes on to the next generation (offspring).
Organisms adapt to their environment by changing their behavior, structural traits or physiology as a response to environmental change, so that they become well suited to it.
The correct statement combining postulates 1 and 2 of natural selection is that heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population. This genetic variance allows for certain traits, like drug resistance, to be selected for and become more common over generations.
The accurate combination of postulates 1 and 2 of natural selection is that heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population. Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection is based on the premise that there is genetic variance within species, and these variations are what allow natural selection to act. Because of heritable genetic differences, when the environment changes or when members of a population are exposed to factors such as drugs, those with favorable traits that provide an advantage in those conditions are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits on to their offspring. This natural selection process eventually leads to these favorable traits becoming more common in the population over successive generations, while individuals without these traits are less likely to reproduce, decreasing those traits in the population. Drug resistance, for example, does not exist among all individuals but is a heritable trait found in some individuals that can be selected for in environments with antibiotics present.
Please Help!
Where does replication occur in eukaryotic cells?
only in the nibosome
only in the cytoplasm
only in the mitochondra
only in the nucleus
Answer:
I believe it is the "Nucleus."
Explanation:
Hope my answer has helped you!
Answer:
only in the nucleus
Explanation:
DNA replication is when DNA makes another copy of itself. DNA replication is needed in order to maintain the number of chromosomes that is characteristic to a species during cell division. During cell division, one parent cell divides into two daughter cells. If DNA replication did not occur, then the daughter cells would receive only half the number of chromosomes characteristic of that species.
What can be said about the diversity of life in the high tide zone compared to that of the low tide zone?
A. There is more biodiversity in the high tide zone because there is plenty of sunlight.
B. There is less biodiversity in the high tide zone because the tidal changes make survival difficult.
C. There is more biodiversity in the high tide zone because the waves bring additional nutrients to the area.
D. There is less biodiversity in the high tide zone because there is less water here than in other regions shown.
Question 17(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
Answer:
B. There is less biodiversity in the high tide zone because the tidal changes make survival difficult.
Explanation:
The high tide and low tide zones are located on the seashore as the ocean water merges with land.
High tide zones are usually covered with water during high ocean tide while low tide zones are always submerged in water.
There is low biodiversity in the high tide zone because the tide here changes rapidly and organisms find it difficult to adapt. Organisms that inhabit here must be welll adapted to withstand peroids of high tides.
Answer:
I'm doing this question right now.
I'm pretty sure it's C. There is more biodiversity in the high tide zone because the waves bring additional nutrients to the area.
Where is the squid shell found and what is it called
Answer:
It is called pen and it is located at the dorsal side
Explanation:
Squid belongs to the class Cephalopoda, subclass Coleoidea which is characterized by internal shell (unlike subclass Nautiloidea in which shell is located externally).
The shell of the squid (the pen) in very reduced and small, formed from chitin and located at the dorsal side. The pen provides attachment for muscles and it gives the squid stiffness.
Most likely, this internal shell evolved from the external shell, because it is believed the ancestral of the organisms from the Coleoidea was probably nautiloid-like.
4. Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between A) choosing how many offspring to produce over the course of a lifetime and how long to live. B) producing large numbers of gametes when employing internal fertilization and fewer numbers of gametes when employing external fertilization. C) increasing the number of individuals produced during each reproductive episode and a corresponding increase in parental care. D) high survival rates of offspring and the cost of parental care.
Answer:
i think its D but im not 100%
Explanation:
Natural selection involves trade-offs between producing a larger number of offspring over a lifetime and investing resources in longevity.. The Option A.
How does natural selection involve trade-offs between offspring production and lifespan?Organisms face a limited amount of energy and resources that can be allocated to different life history traits. If an individual allocates more energy towards reproduction, it may have a higher number of offspring but may also have a shorter lifespan.
But if an organism invests more energy in survival and longevity, it may have a smaller number of offspring. These trade-offs are shaped by the specific ecological and environmental conditions in which the organisms exist. Therefore, the Option D is correct.
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Climate does not effect the rate in which weathering can occur. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
Answer:
true
Explanation:
it does effect it with it being to hot or to cold
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Climate has a major role in escalating the rate of weathering. During excessive hot season, the large rock pieces in dry and arid areas develop cracks which further increases in size when rain falls on it or strong air strikes against it.
During humid and cold climatic condition, fissures are developed into rocks due to cyclic freezing and thawing process.
Hence, given statement is false.
A scientist looks at two different cells under a microscope. Cell A has many more ribosomes than cell B. What can the scientist conclude about the cells? A. Cell A makes more proteins than cell B. B. Cell B makes more proteins than cell A. C. Cell A and cell B make the same proteins.
A scientist looks at two different cells under a microscope. Cell A has many more ribosomes than cell B. What can the scientist conclude about the cells?
A. Cell A makes more proteins than cell B. B. Cell B makes more proteins than cell A. C. Cell A and cell B make the same proteins.
this is because ribosomes are responsible for the synthesis, or production, of proteins.
Final answer:
Cell A produces more proteins than Cell B due to the greater number of ribosomes present. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in cells, and their abundance is indicative of the cell's protein production capacity. This structural feature of cells, along with DNA and cell membranes, provides evidence for common ancestry among different life forms.
Explanation:
If a scientist observes that Cell A has many more ribosomes than Cell B, it can be concluded that Cell A makes more proteins than Cell B. This is because ribosomes are structures in the cytoplasm where proteins are made. The more ribosomes a cell has, the greater its capacity for protein synthesis. Cell B, having fewer ribosomes, would be expected to make fewer proteins compared to Cell A.
DNA in cells contains the genetic instructions required for making proteins. The presence of ribosomes across different types of cells, such as bacteria and human cells, suggests a common ancestry since these structures are essential for protein production, which is a fundamental process in all living cells.
Additional Features Indicating Common Ancestry
Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have DNA as their genetic material.The basic mechanisms of DNA replication and protein synthesis are conserved across different forms of life.Cell membranes composed of phospholipid bilayers are another common feature shared by all cells.Which phylum of fungi consists of decomposers that utilize flagellated spores? A. Chytridomycota B. Ascomycota C. Zygomycota D. Basidiomycota
Answer:
A. Chytridomycota
Explanation:
They are the most primitive true fungi and they produce zoospores that have a flagellum. Chytridomycota are usually aquatic but some species thrive on land. Most of them are unicellular and have commonalities with protist/s in terms of their habitat and structure of the cell.
As a scientist employed by the FDA, you've been asked to sit on a panel to evaluate a pharmaceutical company's application for approval of a new weight loss drug called Fat Away. The company has submitted a report summarizing the results of their animal and human testing. In the report, it was noted that Fat Away works by affecting the electron transport chain. It decreases the synthesis of ATP by making the mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+, which allows H+ to leak from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix. This effect leads to weight loss.The method of weight loss described for Fat Away shows that the drug is acting as a metabolic
Answer:
uncouplers
Explanation:
Metabolic uncouplers are chemicals/molecules that have ability to shuttle H+ across the membrane disrupting the proton motive force necessary for the generation of ATP. As a consequence the ATP synthesis is reduced and anabolism is slowed down. These processes also known as metabolic uncoupling lead to the reduction in biomass yield (weight loss).
Fat Away works as a metabolic uncoupler, similar to DNP. It alters the electron transport chain of the mitochondria, thereby reducing ATP synthesis and increasing metabolic rate, leading to weight loss.
Explanation:The weight loss drug Fat Away acts as a metabolic uncoupler in the body, affecting the electron transport chain and decreasing ATP synthesis by making the mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+. This causes H+ to leak from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix, disturbing the proton gradient needed for ATP synthesis and creating a state of uncoupled respiration. The energy that would otherwise be harnessed to generate ATP is instead dissipated as heat, causing an increased metabolic rate and thus, weight loss.
This mechanism resembles how substances such as DNP work. In effect, Fat Away acts similarly to DNP by dissipating the proton gradient in the matrix and increasing metabolic rate, rather than blocking the movement of protons through ATP synthase or reducing the proton gradient in the intermembrane space.
ATP production is a crucial part of cellular respiration and energy generation from food metabolism. The resistance to ATP synthesis forces the body to turn to alternate sources of energy. This often involves the breakdown of fatty acids – a process known as fatty acid oxidation or ß-oxidation – to generate the much-needed ATP. Thus, the overall effect of the drug is a heightened metabolic rate and weight loss due to increased fat oxidation.
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Who developed the hypothesis that cells only come from other cells?
Answer:
Rudolf virchow in 1855
Explanation:
He said omnis cellula - e - cellula.
Mean cells formed from pre existing cells.
Final answer:
Rudolf Virchow developed the hypothesis that cells only come from other cells, which later became a central part of cell theory. Although, it should be noted that Robert Remak had published similar findings earlier, leading to a controversy. This principle complements earlier work by Schwann and Schleiden about the cell as the basic unit for all life.
Explanation:
The hypothesis that cells only come from other cells was developed by the German doctor Rudolf Virchow in 1858. This concept, a central part of cell theory, was summarized by Virchow using the Latin phrase omnis cellula a cellula, which means "all cells arise from cells." However, it's important to note that Robert Remak, a Polish scientist, and Virchow's former colleague, had published similar findings in 1852 and Virchow's lack of acknowledgment led to controversy over the credit for this aspect of cell theory.
Before Virchow, Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden had suggested, in the early 1800s, that cells were the basic building blocks of all living things, setting the stage for the later development of cell theory. Virchow's observation of cell division under the microscope led to the realization that living cells can only arise from pre-existing cells, effectively refuting the idea of spontaneous generation and contributing to what we now understand as the modern cell theory.
The Cell Theory is now a fundamental principle of biology asserting that all organisms are made up of cells, all life functions take place within cells, and every cell originates from another pre-existing cell through the process of cellular division.
What is the ultimate source of genetic variation?
Answer:
mutations
Explanation:
Mutations are changes in DNA sequence that can create genetic variation within the population and thus are the ultimate source of new alleles . Mutations are important for evolution because of their ability to form a new genetic variant (allele) that can be spread to the offspring. If a new variant of a trait formed by a mutation is advantageous and helps the organism to survive and reproduce, it is going to be favourable by natural selection. That variation will more likely be passed to the next generation and remain over time.
One possible form of a gene that codes for a particular trait is known as _______.