Answer: mitosis
Explanation:when an egg is fertilized,it becomes a zygote.the zygote is single-cell and undergoes cleavage.cleavage is the mitotic division of a zygote into smaller cells also called blastomere,which forms a spherical mass.
The type of cleavage is dependent on the different animals and whether yolk is present.
As the zygote continues to grow,organs rudiments forms and organs form afterwards, through mitotic division.
In Mitosis the daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell and it is essential in the increase of the number of cells causing growth in multicellular organisms.
Mitosis also helps to regenerate lost body parts.
Some scientists have proposed that the earliest forms of life may have existed in an "RNA World" where RNA was both the genetic material and responsible for enzymatic activity. Imagine that you have recreated such a life form. What would demonstrate that RNA, but not protein or DNA, is necessary and sufficient for these functions?
Answer:
The organism lives and replicates despite RNase and DNase treatment, but the organism dies when treated with protease
Explanation:
Final answer:
To demonstrate that RNA is necessary and sufficient for the earliest life forms, one could create an environment where RNA molecules self-replicate and catalyze essential biochemical reactions without DNA or proteins, providing evidence for the RNA world hypothesis.
Explanation:
The RNA world hypothesis suggests that the earliest life forms used RNA both for genetic information storage and catalytic functions, essentially fulfilling the roles of both DNA and proteins in modern organisms. To demonstrate that RNA can suffice for these functions in an artificially recreated life form, one could design an experiment showing that RNA molecules alone can replicate, synthesize proteins, and facilitate other life-sustaining reactions without the aid of either DNA or proteins. This could involve the synthesis of ribozymes, which are RNA molecules with enzymatic activity, capable of catalyzing their own replication and other biochemical reactions necessary for life. The continued functioning and replication of such a system in a controlled environment without the introduction of DNA or proteins would provide strong evidence supporting the RNA world hypothesis.
An isotope sample initially weighing 500 grams decays to produce a daughter element. What is the amount of parent element remaining after two half-lives?
Answer:
The answer is 125 grams.
Explanation:
Elements and substances decay in time and the amount of time for it to be half of it's initial amount is defined as "half-life of that substance".
In the example, the initial weight is 500 grams and we are asked to determine the amount after two half-lives, which after the first half-life is 500/2 = 250 grams and after the second one, 250/2 = 125 grams remains from the parent element.
I hope this answer helps.
What would be some of the properties of molecules that could be candidates for biological magnification?
Answer:
Explanation:Toxic materials e.g synthetics
They become even more toxic as they are converted to more toxic products by reaction with other substances or by metabolism of microorganism
Which of the following animal-derived foods contains a significant amount of carbohydrates?
a. eggs
b. beef
c. milk
d. poultry
Carbohydrates are one of the nutrients of food that are required to produce energy in the body. They are classified as Starches and Sugars(Saccharides).
Lactose is a disaccharide. This means it is made up of two monosaccharides called galactose and glucose. It is also referred to as milk sugar and it is one of the sugars classified as a carbohydrate.
Therefore, Option c is the correct option
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In the nervous system, neurotransmitters are the main means of communication between neurons. The main means of communication between organs in the endocrine system is by__________.
Answer:
The answer is hormones.
Explanation:
Two of the main systems that control almost every action in our body are our nervous system and endocrine system which have to have inner communications and communication with our brain.
As stated in the question, nervous system uses neurotransmitters for communication which are chemicals released by neurons to generate electrical signals that make the communication possible.
The main mean of communication that our endocrine system uses is substances that are called "Hormones" which are produced by certain glands and organs in our body and are usually released into our bloodstream to effect the functions of other organs and our body. Hormones can be used for both communication of the endocrine system itself and for the communication of other organs and our brain.
I hope this answer helps.
An adult client was burned in an explosion. The burn initially affected the client’s entire face (anterior half of the head) and the upper half of the anterior torso, and there were circumferential burns to the lower half of both arms. The client’s clothes caught on fire, and the client ran, causing subsequent burn injuries to the posterior surface of the head and the upper half of the posterior torso. Using the rule of nines, what would be the extent of the burn injury?1. 18% 2. 24% 3. 36% 4. 48%
Answer:
3. 36%
Explanation:
The rule of nines gives the percentage of burn and it provide insights on treatment decisions amd steps to take next such as fluid resuscitation. It helps to ascertain If the client should be transfered to a burn unit. It also helps in determining the body surface area on an adult that has been burned.
In the rules of nines the initial burn and the subsequent burn percent of the anterior half of the head is 4.5%, and the initial burn and the subsequent burn percent of the upper half of the anterior and posterior torso is 9% while the initial burn and the subsequent burn percent of the lower half of both arms is 9%.
On addition of all the percentage for both initial and subsequent burn, it will give a total of 36%
I hope this helps
Cortisol is a hormone produced in response to stress, including starvation, in humans. Which of the following is most likely an immediate effect of a starvation-induced increase in cortisol secretion?
Answer:
Fat and Protein metabolism, increasing amino acid to the muscles.
Explanation:
Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced in many animals. It is used in medication as hydrocortisone. Produced in large quantity in the adrenal gland and low quantity in other tissues. The secretion of this hormone increases with stress and low blood sugar due to starvation. When the blood sugar is low, it tries to increase the blood sugar through gluconeogenesis and at extreme, fat and protein metabolism and reduced bone formation in animals
Movement of fluids and solutes out of capillaries into the interstitial fluid occurs by filtration, which is driven by capillary blood pressure and opposed by
Answer:
The correct answer will be- interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
Explanation:
The exchange of fluid between the tissues and the capillaries is determined by the hydrostatic pressure which refers to the pressure exerted by any fluid in an enclosed space.
The pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the capillary vessels is known as the capillary hydrostatic pressure which is responsible for the exchange of the fluid between tissues and the capillaries.
During the exchange of the fluid from the capillaries to the issues the hydrostatic pressure of the interstitial fluid rises which is known as the interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure. This pressure opposes the fluid exchange so the capillary hydrostatic pressure is usually found higher than the interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure.
Thus, interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure is the correct answer.
Filtration, the process of movement of fluids and solutes from capillaries to interstitial fluid, is driven by hydrostatic pressure and opposed by osmotic pressure. Hydrostatic pressure forces out fluids, whereas osmotic pressure counters this by drawing fluids back into the capillaries.
Explanation:The movement of fluids and solutes out of capillaries into the interstitial fluid, known as filtration, is primarily regulated by two forces: hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure. Hydrostatic pressure, also known as capillary blood pressure, is exerted by blood against the walls of blood vessels due to the pumping action of the heart. It forces plasma and nutrients out of the capillaries and into surrounding tissues. However, this process is counteracted by osmotic pressure, which is primarily produced by circulating albumin. Osmotic pressure draws fluid back into the capillaries, and is influenced by solute concentration gradients. The balance between these two pressures drives the process of fluid movement between compartments.
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How does the neuron at a neuromuscular junction interact with the muscle to which it is attached
Answer:
through synaptic transmission as action potential , which transmits the action potential across to synapse( neuromuscular juction ) to reach the postsynaptic end plate. the end -plate terminated on the muscles to bring response.
Explanation:
Which of the following ideas support our current scientific understanding of the development of life on Earth?
Answer:
Development of Life on Earth- From the origin of life on the planet Earth, which also considered as the only habitable place in this universe. There was always a change in the entities which hold life inside it. Many simple organism went on to develop into more complex beings. As organism got into a different shapes, as there cell developed more, as time passed on. This change is refereed to as "Evolution".
Explanation:
Evolution:
"The development or growth of an entity from a less perfect form to a more complex form is called as evolution."
Evolution across time was always natural, the process happened either due to change in environment or due to change in the organism behavior etc. As there was a sort of development which occurred in the simple form of organism to develop themselves into a more complex shapes, having a more complex set of functions and processes inside there bodies.
Without elephants, some of the grasslands in Africa would eventually become thickets or forests because elephants weed out trees and shrubs. Even though elephants make up a small percentage of the animals living on the grassland, the grassland would eventually cease to exist without them. In this community, elephants are __________.
Answer:
Without elephants, some of the grasslands in Africa would eventually become thickets or forests because elephants weed out trees and shrubs. Even though elephants make up a small percentage of the animals living on the grassland, the grassland would eventually cease to exist without them. In this community, elephants are keystone species.
Elephants are often called “keystone species” because of their unique role in providing vital services to an ecosystem in relation to their abundance.
Explanation:
Elephants play a very important role in maintaining the biodiversity of the ecosystems in which they live. During the dry season, elephants use their tusks to dig for water. This not only allows the elephants to survive in dry environments and when droughts strike, but also provides water for other animals that share harsh habitats.
Elephants eat some trees and create gaps in the vegetation. These allow new plants to grow and create pathways for other smaller animals to use. They are also agent of seed dispersal of trees and in fact some species of trees rely entirely upon elephants for seed dispersal.
Elephants feed on tree sprouts and shrubs in savannahs. They help keep the plains open and able to support the plains game that inhabit these ecosystems.
Elephants also leave a dung that is full of seeds from the many plants they eat. When this dung is deposited, the seeds are sown and grow into new grasses, bushes and trees, thereby boosting the proliferation organisms in the savannah ecosystem.
Final answer:
Without elephants, African grasslands would likely transition into thickets or forests, signifying their role as keystone species that manage the vegetation. Elephants engage in ecosystem engineering through weeding out trees and shrubs, dispersing seeds, and facilitating species diversity.
Explanation:
Without elephants, some of the grasslands in Africa would eventually become thickets or forests. This is due to the ecosystem engineering role of elephants, who help maintain the grassland habitat by weeding out trees and shrubs as they feed on them, disperse seeds, and create disturbances that prevent tree regeneration. Elephants are therefore crucial keystone species in these ecosystems, shaping vegetation structure and composition, influencing biodiversity, and affecting the survival of other species.
Elephants are not only important for maintaining grassland ecosystems but they also facilitate species diversity and ecosystem processes. Their dung provides a significant source of food for dung beetles and serves as a germination site for seeds. However, it's important to balance their numbers, as overpopulation can lead to habitat destruction and the decline of other species upon which they depend. This delicate balance emphasizes the complex role elephants play in their habitats and the conservation challenges faced in managing their populations.
The body wall of cnidarians and ctenophores consist of:_________ a. inner and outer cell layers separated by a jelly-like mesoglea. b. two epidermal layers with scattered mesophyll cells in between. c. three tissue layers. d. loosely organized cells
Answer:
a. inner and outer cell layers separated by a jelly-like mesoglea.
Explanation:
The body wall of cnidarians and ctenophores consist of a inner and outer cell layers separated by a jelly-like mesoglea. The function of this mesoglea offer an hydrostatic skeleton to the Cnidarians.
The mesoglea is composed of several substances including fibrous proteins, like collagen and proteoglycans but in both cnidaria and ctenophora, the mesoglea contains muscle bundles and nerve fibres.
Some viral species may derive their __________ from intracellular membranes, such as the nuclear membrane or endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer:
the correct answer is " viral envelop" .
Explanation:
some viral species may derive their " envelop" from the intracellular membranes , such as nuclear membrane or ER.
in some animal viruses, the nucleocapsid (nucleic acid and capsid) is covered by another membrane derived from the host cell, the envelop.
Because we hear so many sounds simultaneously, the first stage of listening is to:
Answer:
receive the sound and then filtration of the messages to avoid confusion.
Explanation:
Active listening process is into five stages: 1) receiving the message, 2)understanding, 3)remembering 4) evaluating the selected message, and 5) response to the message.
Receiving is the first stage of the listening skill which involves the hearing of the message and then filtration of the message. The hearing of the message involves the focused attention while filtration of the message involves the isolation of the message from a mixture of messages. The filtration is performed to avoid the mixing of the stimuli.
Thus, receive the sound and then filtration of the messages to avoid confusion is the correct answer.
*9th grade* LABEL PARTS OF A CELL (HELP MEH)
Answer: A- Lysosome
B: Endoplasmic Reticulum
C: Golgi Body
D: Cell Membrane
E: Nucleus
F: Ribosome
G: Cytoplasm
H: Mitochondria
Certain traits will have been lost from the gene pool forever. some may be obvious, like people with red hair or double jointed thumbs. others will be less obvious, like the ability to process cholesterol or being allergic to peanuts.
This loss of diversity in a reduced population is called ________.
A. gene flow
B. bottleneck effect
C. genetic drift
D. founder effect
Final answer:
The reduction in genetic diversity in a population due to a significant loss of individuals is known as the bottleneck effect, which is an example of genetic drift and differs from the founder effect. So the correct option is B.
Explanation:
The loss of diversity in a reduced population you're describing is called the bottleneck effect. This effect occurs when there's a significant reduction in population size due to a random event, such as a natural disaster, which results in a large portion of the gene pool being wiped out. In one instance, the surviving population's genetic structure becomes representative of the entire population, leading to reduced genetic variation.
Both the bottleneck effect and the founder effect are specific examples of genetic drift. However, they are not the same. While the bottleneck effect is often due to a drastic and sudden decrease in population size, the founder effect occurs when a new population is established by a small number of individuals from a larger population, potentially carrying an unrepresentative set of alleles.
The various processes of cellular respiration take place in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. By moving between these different chemical environments our cells are able to generate ATP more efficiently. What compartments do Gylcoysis, the Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain occur in?
Answer:
Glycolysis: Cytoplasm
Kreb's cycle: Mitochondrial matrix
Electron transport chain: Inner mitochondrial membrane
Explanation:
Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm. It does not require the presence of oxygen. Glycolysis enzymes are present in the cytoplasm. Pyruvate formed by the glycolytic breakdown of glucose enters the mitochondrial matrix and undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to form acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA enters the Kreb's cycle. All the reactions of Kreb's cycle occur in the matrix of mitochondria.
The reducing powers NADH and FADH2 enter the electron transport chain to become oxidized again. The electron transport chain consists of a series of electron carriers embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Nitrogen from the atmosphere is combined into organic compounds by legumes, such as _________________.
a. beans, peas, or lentils
b. rice, wheat, or corn
c. apples, pears, or oranges
d. spinach, chard, or lettuce
Answer:
a. beans, peas, or lentils
Explanation:
Living organisms need nitrogen to make proteins. These proteins are used for growth and making enzymes. Most plants do not have a way of getting nitrogen directly from the atmosphere. However leguminous plants are unique in that they have nodules that can fix nitrogen from the air.
Monounsaturated fatty acids have a single double bond. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have multiple double
bonds. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Monounsaturated fatty acids store more energy than polyunsaturated fatty acids.
B. Polyunsaturated fatty acids store more energy than monounsaturated fatty acids.
C. Polyunsaturated fats have a lower melting point than monounsaturated fatty acids.
D. Monounsaturated fats have a lower melting point than polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Final answer:
The correct statement is that polyunsaturated fats have a lower melting point than monounsaturated fatty acids, due to the kink in their chains caused by multiple double bonds which prevents close packing of the molecules.
Explanation:
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) have one double bond within the carbon chain, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have more than one. When it comes to storing energy, saturated fats tend to store more energy because they have more single bonds, which hold more energy than double bonds. Hence, neither monounsaturated nor polyunsaturated fatty acids store more energy based solely on their saturation level. Therefore, statement A and B are incorrect.
The correct statement is C: Polyunsaturated fats have a lower melting point than monounsaturated fatty acids. The multiple double bonds in PUFAs create a kink in the fatty acid chain, preventing the molecules from packing closely together. This leads to a lower melting point, making polyunsaturated fats liquid at room temperature and more prone to solidify when refrigerated as compared to monounsaturated fats. Thus, monounsaturated fats will typically solidify at a higher temperature than polyunsaturated fats.
Why is it difficult to demonstrate the existence and importance of competition?
Answer:
Existence in the competition is very hard to maintain. The competition is a negative interaction between species in the area where more species want the same resource.
Explanation:
Competition makes growth less productive. One organism can’t have the resource if other organisms are using it. There are various types of competition, and some of them are interruption and exploitation. In the interrupting competition, organisms are in contact and they are fighting for resources directly.
However, competition is important. Organisms are trying their best to provide the existence for themselves, and the best way to do it is by competing with others and using all the resources they need. It is like a circle without an end.
Many countries around the world today are trying to use renewable resources in such a way that the resource will be able to meet the needs of their citizens long into the future. What name is given to this practice of using resources carefully so that future generations may also be able to meet their needs? Group of answer choices
Answer:
Sustainable development.
Explanation:
As many countries around the world have realized the need to save and conserve the environment they are relying more on the use of the renewable resources and thus the needs to man can be met of we use each and every resource on earth in a just and sustainable fashion rather than continuous exploitation so the future of the planet is safe.Answer:
Sustainable development.
Explanation:
i took the test
1. Movement of fluids through a selectively permeable membrane caused by hydrostatic pressure is referred to as ____________ .
2. The pressure exerted by a fluid on the inside wall of its container (or vessel, in the case of the human body), is called ____________ .
3. The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration describes ____________ .
4. Movement away from high solvent concentration or towards high solute concentration describes ____________ .
5. The movement of small, polar molecules across the plasma membrane by a carrier protein is called ____________ .
Answer:
1. FILTRATION
2. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
3. DIFFUSION
4. OSMOSIS
5. FACILITATED DIFFUSION
Explanation:
1. Filtration is a variation of diffusion. It is the movement of a material according to its concentration gradient through a semi-permeable membrane. This movement is facilitated and enhanced by an osmotic or hydrostatic pressure, causing the substances to filter more rapidly. A typical example of this process is in human excretion, where the kidney forces large amount of water and dissolved solutes out of the blood stream into renal tubules. The rate of this movement is dependent on the pressure formed by the concentration gradient.
2. Hydrostatic pressure is force exerted by an intravascular fluid (blood plasma) or extravascular fluid on its wall. It refers to the pressure exerted on the wall of a confined space by a fluid, due to the weight of the fluid (blood, in this case) above it. Hydrostatic pressure increases in proportion to depth measured from the surface because of the increasing weight of fluid exerting downward force from above.
3. Diffusion is the net movement of substances/particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until the concentration is equal. The movement occurs as a result of random and constant motion of all molecules, atoms, or ions. Since it occurs randomly, some molecules may be moving against concentration gradient while others may move across/down concentration gradient. The "net" indicated the overall and end result of the movement. Diffusion is a form of passive transport i.e. it involves movement of molecules down a gradient. Hence, it does not require energy.
4. Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules from a region of lower solute concentration (higher solvent) to a region of higher solute concentration (lower solvent) through a selectively permeable membrane. A concentration can either be hypertonic (higher solute in solution than in cell), isotonic (equal solute in solution and cell) and hypotonic (lesser solute in solution than in cell). The direction of the movement of water is dependent on the concentration i.e. if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell, likewise, if please in a hypotonic solution, water moves into the cell.
5. Facilitated diffusion is the diffusion of polar and charged molecules through carrier proteins, called permeases, that are specific to one type of molecule in the plasma membrane. These materials are ions or polar molecules that are repelled by the hydrophobic parts of the cell membrane.This protein binds a substance and, in doing so, triggers a change of its own shape, moving the bound molecule from the outside of the cell to its interior. An example of protein channel is AQUAPORINS, which allows water molecules pass through the cell membrane. This process is also a passive transport and does not require energy.
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that plays a key role in the development of certain brain disorders. To analyze Tau expression, mouse brain extracts are made at different developmental stages, separated on an SDS-PAGE gel, and analyzed by western blot with antibodies recognizing only mouse Tau protein. If the results at the right represent Tau’s normal expression pattern, the two different size protein products could result from:
1. transcription of Tau DNA in different directions.
2. translation of Tau mRNAs of different sizes.
3. expression of two different genes.
4. different chemical modifications of Tau protein.
Answer:
1. transcription of Tau DNA in different directions.
4. different chemical modifications of Tau protein.
Explanation:
Tau gene transcribe in different direction which depends upon the animal age. This happens because at different age and developmental stage, animal produce different RNA binding proteins which leads to formation of alternative splice forms. This reaction is strengthen by the addition of phosphate and sugar molecules which again depending on developmental stage and time.
Final answer:
The two different size Tau protein products could most likely be due to different chemical modifications, such as hyper-phosphorylation, leading to neurofibrillary tangles characteristic of disorders like Alzheimer's and CTE. These disorders are examples of proteopathies, where protein misfolding leads to toxic accumulations in cells.
Explanation:
The two different size protein products observed in a western blot analysis of mouse brain extracts at different developmental stages using antibodies against Tau protein could potentially be a result of different chemical modifications of Tau protein.
In normal neurons, Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau (MAP-T) is phosphorylated to stabilize microtubules. However, in some brain disorders like Alzheimer's Disease, tau becomes hyper-phosphorylated, leading to a change in its conformation. As a result, the microtubules are destabilized, and the misshapen tau proteins form neurofibrillary tangles within the neurons.
While differential mRNA sizes or different genes could also theoretically lead to differences in protein size, the process mentioned above involves post-translational modifications affecting the protein product. Protein function and stability are highly dependent on their three-dimensional foldings, such as seen with tau proteins in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and CTE (Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy).
It is these conformational changes and resulting accumulations that are characteristic of proteopathies, disorders where misfolded proteins become toxic.
Cell population growth can be represented by the number ______ with an exponent, where the exponent increases by ______ in each generation.
Answer:
Cell population growth can be represented by the number 2 with an exponent, where the exponent increases by 1 in each generation.
Explanation:
As we know, every cell doubles after the process of cell division. Hence the cell population growth is represented by the number 2. The cell population growth is also known as the doubling time of a cell. The proliferation of cells is often written as:
Nt = N0 2tf
Where,
Nt is the number of cells at a particular time t.
N0 is the initial number of cells.
f is the frequency of cell cycles
Which statement is true?
a. The racial origin of hair can always be identified.
b. Hair can be individualized through its trace elemental composition. c. Hair is routinely examined to determine sex.
d. Two hairs from the same head may not have the same morphological characteristics.
Answer:
The statement which is true is as follow:
d. Two hairs from the same head may not have the same morphological characteristics.
Explanation:
The statement in option a is not correct as we can't always determine the racial origin of hair.The statement in option b is not correct as it is not possible to do through trace elemental composition. The statement in option c is not correct as hair is not examined to determine the sex because the Shettles Method is uses to determine the sex of a baby.The statement d is correct as the hair have different structural features like length which makes its morphological characteristics.Which statement best describes an activity that will contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis in an organism?
1. A shark swims toward a high polluted region of the ocean.2. A desert rattlesnake enters an underground burrow on a hot summer day.3. Roots of a willow tree grow away from a moisture-rich region of the soil4. A polar bear sheds most of its fur during the coldest months of the winter.
Answer: .2. A desert rattlesnake enters an underground burrow on a hot summer day.
Explanation:
Homeostasis can be defined as the ability to maintain stability, equilibrium and balance in the inner body with respect to the changes occurring in the external environment. The maintenance of homeostasis is necessary for the organism to survive in adverse conditions. For example, temperature change.
A desert rattlesnake is maintaining the homeostasis with respect to the external environment by maintaining the temperature by entering the burrow. As if it remain exposed to the warm environment the body of the snake will get dehydrated.
The best statement representing an activity that maintains homeostasis is the desert rattlesnake entering an underground burrow on a hot summer day. Homeostasis involves maintaining a stable internal environment, and this behavior enables the rattlesnake to regulate its body temperature effectively.
Explanation:The statement that best describes an activity that will contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis in an organism is: A desert rattlesnake enters an underground burrow on a hot summer day. Homeostasis refers to an organism's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. The example of the rattlesnake seeking a cooler environment when it's hot allows for better temperature regulation, hence maintaining homeostasis.
Sharks moving to a polluted area, willow tree roots growing away from moisture, or a polar bear shedding its fur during winter are actions that could disrupt rather than maintain homeostasis.
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One species of a small birdlike animal has an extremely variable tail length, which is a highly polymorphic trait. Geneticists have come to realize that there are eight separate genes for tail length per haploid genome, with each gene having two alleles. One allele for each gene (a, b, and so on) increases the length by 1 cm, whereas the other allele (a2, b2, and so on) increases it by 0.5 cm. One bird was analyzed and found to have the following genotype: a1a1b2b2c1c2d1d2e2e2f1f2g1g1h1h2. What is the length of its tail?
A) 6 cm
B) 36 cm
C) 8 cm
D) 12 cm
E) 24 cm
Answer:
D. 12cm
Explanation:
there are 8 A1, C1 and so on alleles there, this will be 8 cm and there are about 8 a2 and so on alleles, this will be 4cm.
8 + 4 = 12cm
The endocrine system incorporates feedback mechanisms that maintain homeostasis. Which of the following demonstrates negative feedback by the endocrine system?A) During labor, the fetus exerts pressure on the uterine wall, inducing the production of oxytocin, which stimulates uterine wall contraction. The contractions cause the fetus to further push on the wall, increasing the production of oxytocin.B) After a meal, blood glucose levels become elevated, stimulating beta cells of the pancreas to release insulin into the blood. Excess glucose is then converted to glycogen in the liver, reducing blood glucose levels.C) At high elevation, atmospheric oxygen is scarcer. In response to signals that oxygen is low, the brain decreases an individual’s rate of respiration to compensate for the difference.D) A transcription factor binds to the regulating region of a gene, blocking the binding of another transcription factor required for expression.
Answer:.B) After a meal, blood glucose levels become elevated, stimulating beta cells of the pancreas to release insulin into the blood. Excess glucose is then converted to glycogen in the liver, reducing blood glucose levels
Explanation:
Homeostasis is the ability to keep the conditions of it's internal environment constant, regardless of the external environment.it does this either by increasing the effect of a recieves stimuli (positive)or reducing the effect of the stimuli (negative). negative feedback mechanism is used by the body to restore it back to it's normal conditions.majority of homeostatic mechanisms are negative feedback.
For example the regulation of blood glucose levels which is regulated by the hormones,insulin and glycogen to keep it constant.
The failure of this homeostasis process would lead to diabetes
The answer option which demonstrates negative feedback by the endocrine system is: B. After a meal, blood glucose levels become elevated, stimulating beta cells of the pancreas to release insulin into the blood. Excess glucose is then converted to glycogen in the liver, reducing blood glucose levels.
An endocrine system can be defined as series of ductless glands and organs that are responsible for the production and secretion (release) of hormones that are used in the body of a living organism, for the performance of various functions such as:
MetabolismControlling growthReproductionMoodSleepDigestionGenerally, the hormones are secreted (released) directly into the circulatory system (blood) and then transported to the organs and tissues in the body. Thus, the endocrine system contributes significantly to the state of homeostasis in the body.
During homeostasis, a negative feedback-loop inhibits (decreases or reduces) the response by the body system.
In this scenario, a negative feedback is demonstrated by the endocrine system when beta cells of the pancreas release insulin into the blood, so as to reduce blood glucose levels after a meal.
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You may carry an opened container of alcohol in your vehicle only if the container is _____.
Answer:closed
Explanation:
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and other vasodilators are used in the early treatment of heart failure. They act to
a. cause loss of volume
b. increase arterial pressure and perfusion
c. cause pooling of the blood and decreased venous return to the heart
d. increase the release of aldosterone and improve fluid balance
Answer:
Option c. cause pooling of the blood and decreased venous return to the heart
Explanation:
The ACE inhibitors increases the diameter of the blood vessels (vasodilation) that improves the flow of blood. This reduces the work load on the heart. At the time of heart failure, a substance called angiotensin is released. This angiotensin formation is blocked by the ACE inhibitors. Angiotensin is involved in narrowing the blood vessels.
The ACE cause pooling of the blood and decreased venous return to the heart. The ACE inhibitors causes vasodilation that allows decrease in blood pressure. So, there is no increase in arterial pressure, aldosterone and loss of volume. Thus, option C is correct.