Answer:
Higher-order conditioning (second-order conditioning)
Explanation:
Higher-order conditioning (second-order conditioning) is not about the direct threaten of stimulus but it is about the indirect threaten of the stimulus. It involves disturbances in emotional and behavioral stimuli. This type of conditioning occurs with the people who faced any type of trauma in their life.
It occurs with the pairing of the situation with the traumatic situation. This conditioning includes negative emotions as well as less or neutral cues related to the situation. Thus the neutral cue creates the same disturbance as happened in the original situation.
Thus here in the above context, Fred's dog was conditioned at the sound of the bell for salvation. After that Fred associated the bell with another stimulus like a whistling sound.
Fred's dog even then salivate when it hears the sound of the whistle, he never heard before. This illustrates the second-order conditioning or higher-order conditioning.
Amber and her 3-year-old daughter, Madison, are walking along the beach on a beautiful summer day. Suddenly Madison’s foot starts bleeding heavily after she stepped on a piece of glass in the sand. Amber tries to stop the bleeding with a t-shirt and hurries back toward the parking lot with Madison in her arms. What is the role of cortisol in this situation?
Answer: It boosts the energy available to Amber for dealing with a stressor
Explanation: The situation in which Amber finds herself is stressful, which means many vital functions are in a stress regime and something is needed to regulate that stressful state. Cortisol, among other things, controls the blood pressure, which of course is increased in this situation and due to which it can lead to wrong decisions and fast moves, which is the least necessary in such a situation. So, it takes something that will raise the vital energy level of Amber needed to overcome the stress state. Cortisol can also affect the regulation of other vital functions in the body because most cells have receptors for cortisol, it is a stress hormone that controls also level of the blood sugar. As such, it increases blood sugar levels during stress, so that the availability of sugar in the brain is increased, and thus the greater the ability and availability of substances that repair tissues, of course too much cortisol causes unwanted side effects.
During the year, Goodman College received the following:
• An unrestricted $280,000 pledge to be paid the following year
• A $140,000 cash gift restricted for study-abroad scholarships
• A notice from a recent business school graduate that he has named the college as a beneficiary of $60,000 in his will
What amount of contribution revenue should Goodman College report in its statement of activities?
Answer: $420,000
Explanation: Revenue recognition by a college/ institutions fare in different forms which include but not limited to grants, pledges, financial aid, cash gifts, scholarship sponsorship and so on. For Goodman college's revenue to be recorded in its statement of activities are:
1. An unrestricted $280,000 pledge to be paid the following year.
2. A $140,000 cash gift restricted for study-abroad scholarships.
BelAir has developed and run its own information system for the past ten years. However, the company has now decided to outsource its information systems (IS) function to a service provider. Which of the following, if true, will strengthen BelAir's decision?
Select one:
a. The service provider is highly recommended by its other clients.
b. BelAir's IS team developed the existing system from scratch and has ironed out most of the faults over the years.
c. Most BelAir employees are familiar with the current information system.
d. BelAir has seen a fall in its revenue over the last year.
e. Outsourcing its IS function did not benefit BelAir's competitor, Amis Systems.
Answer: B
Explanation: Option B best explains the scenario. From the passage ,it is understood that Bel Air has developed and run its own IS over 10years. Of course for this ten years ,Evaluations must have been carried out by the IS team of Bel Air, so for them to decide to out source the service to a service provider is because they have seen the faults in there own system.
Option B goes inline with this because it says BelAir IS developed the IS from scratch and have seen faults in the system and in other to improve services, it is better they outsource the system to an external organization.
The regulation of commerce among the several states by the us congress is an example of:________.
Answer: Interstate Commerce Clause
Explanation:
The Commerce Clause describes an enumerated power listed in the United States Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3). The clause states that the United States Congress shall have power "To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes.
The regulation of commerce among several states is individually called; The Interstate Commerce Clause.
Woodcrafters in Maine eagerly seek out a hardwood that can only be harvested by hand, so the individual crafters cut their own wood on public land. The wood replaces itself, but it takes about 25 years for a tree to grow to maturity. About 25 percent of the adult trees need to remain in the forest at any time in order to generate and fertilize seed trees. Any given woodcrafter will, of course, profit from taking as much of the hardwood as possible, but the group as a whole benefits from a calculated, slow use of the trees. In social-psychological terms, this situation is referred to as a __________ dilemma.
Answer:
Replenishing resource management.
Explanation:
A replenishing resource management dilemma is, as the exercise exemplifies, a problem in which a group shares a renewable resource (such as trees) that will continue to benefit the group as long as it's not exploited but in which anyone in that group will benefit from taking as much as possible.
Just as the example details, if they take a lot ot wood the woodcrafters will be beneficiated but, if they do so, they may not have enough wood for later given that the trees will not grow as much. That's the replenishing resource management dilemma.
Harrison et al. are conducting a study assessing the ability of depressed versus non-depressed participants to remember negative emotions in a short story about a family whose car breaks down. They plan to ask participants to read the story and then make a list of the emotions expressed in the story. Before beginning the study, they make a list of negative emotions (e.g., sadness and anger) that they will record from the participants’ responses. In this example, negative emotions are the ________. a. operational definition b. significant variable c. independent variable d. dependent variable
Answer:
d. dependent variable
Explanation:
In research, the independent variable is the variable that can be manipulated by the researchers and which will have an effect on another variable that is called the dependent variable. (Therefore, the variable in which the affect is perceived is called the dependent variable).
The researchers don't really have control over the dependent variable but it is the one that it's being tested and see how it responds to the independent variable.
In this example, the researchers want to see if depression has an effect on the negative emotions being remembered. We can see that they want to see if depression will have this effect. Therefore, since depression might affect the remembering of negative emotions, the negative emotions would be the dependent variable.
Government corruption:
a. impedes the coordinating power of markets but does not discourage investment.
b. can neither impede the coordinating power of markets nor discourage investment.
c. impedes the coordinating power of markets and discourages investment.
d. does not impede the coordinating power of markets, but does discourage investment.
Answer:
The answer is C.
Explanation:
Government corruption impedes the coordinating activity of markets because it can inflate the costs of businesses and therefore separating them from competition. This produces a rupture within the market because competitive forces are misaligned, and thus the market will not be able to control prices. Consequently corruption also discourages investment, since trust is the key factor in deciding where to invest. If the market is uncoordinated and business are not transparent, investors are unlikely to put money in the business or country, if the government is corrupt.
Government corruption impairs market coordination and discourages investment by creating an unpredictable and costly environment for businesses. Corruption can detract from the government's positive role in addressing market failures and guiding market outcomes. Ensuring transparent and ethical governance is essential for fostering investment and market efficiency.
The question asks whether government corruption impedes the coordinating power of markets and if it discourages investment. Considering the various impacts of government corruption outlined in the provided references, the correct answer to this question is that government corruption does indeed have negative consequences on both counts: it impedes the coordinating power of markets and discourages investment.
Corruption can distort market operations by increasing costs arbitrarily through practices like bribery or extortion of 'protection' money, which can deter new investment due to concerns over unpredictability and added expenses that corruption brings. This can dissuade businesses from entering or expanding within the affected markets, as they seek to minimize risk and protect their investments. Furthermore, political instability linked with corruption makes regions less attractive for budding industries since companies are reluctant to invest in areas where their assets may be compromised due to political upheaval.
Symptoms such as severe tachycardia, fever, dehydration, heart failure, and coma are consistent with what thyroid-associated health condition?
Answer:
Thyroid Storm
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that all of the symptoms mentioned are associated with Thyroid Storm. This is a very dangerous and life-threatening condition, which usually occurs within individuals who have hyperthyroidism and have not been treated. All of the symptoms mentioned (severe tachycardia, fever, dehydration, and heart failure) occur during Thyroid Storm and without immediate attention it is usually fata.
Kurt and Mitch visit an Amish village on a class trip. ""Let’s see if we can round up some old radios and appliances and drop them off for them later this week. I think they’ll appreciate it. They just don’t understand what they’re missing."" Mitch rolls his eyes. Kurt’s perspective is an example of _______.
Answer:
Cultural imperialism
Explanation:
Cultural imperialism: In sociology, the term cultural imperialism is defined as the imposition by a dominant community (economically or politically) including various aspects of culture over the non-dominant community.
In other words, it means to promote one culture over another culture. It often occurs during colonization, during which a particular nation empowers the other who has been economically damaged.
In the question above, Kurt’s perspective is an example of cultural imperialism.
Psychology refers to the ________. experimental study of individuals scientific study of the mind systematic study of human interaction empirical study of humanity
Answer:
scientific study of the mind
Explanation:
Psychology refers to the scientific study of the mind. Depending on the specific field that was chosen within Psychology, you may be studying personalities, cognitive decision making, criminal minds, etc. Each of which study different areas of the mind in order to understand and analyze the various choices that an individual takes.
Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
Explanation:Psychology refers to the scientific study of the mind and behavior. It is a discipline that focuses on understanding human behavior, cognitive processes, and the physiological factors that influence behavior. Psychologists use empirical methods to gather objective evidence and develop theories about human behavior.
Learn more about Psychology here:https://brainly.com/question/34034857
#SPJ11
It has recently been estimated that the growth in world population has slowed in the past decade. Despite this trend, environmentalists remain concerned about the environmental impact of world population, principally because:____A) Standard of living is increasing in many developing countries, leading to an increased per capita use of natural resourcesB) Life expectancy is stil decreasing in Africa due to aids
Answer:
A) Standard of living is increasing in many developing countries, leading to an increased per capita use of natural resources
Explanation:
Increasing population is a major threat to the world. But in the recent times, the world has seen a decrease in the population rate, which is a positive thing.
But in spite of this decreasing population, the environmentalist are concerned and worried about the environmental impact. This is because the world has limited natural resources. And the demand in the consumption of natural resources at the present rate by the human population is a thing to worry.
As people are more advance and developed in thee days, their standard of living has also increased resulting in the increase of consumption of natural resources. Thus this is a major concerned for the environmentalist regarding population.
Thus the correct option is (A).
"Contemporary theorists recognize that may contribute to the development of schizophrenia."
A. True
B. False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
It is a proven fact that stress can contribute to schizophrenia.
in what ways did the spread of christianity islam and modern science give rse to culturaly based conflicts?
Answer:
The development of modern science has been a mode of conflict with many religions of the world. Techniques of biotechnology i.e manipulating the genome of a living thing is considered to be unethical in Islam as well as in some of the Christian beliefs. As a result cultural based conflicts arise. Science since its start has developed many theories which are contradictory with the beliefs and cultures of Islam and Christianity. Science believes that everything that happens on Earth has a reasonable phenomenon behind it whereas Islam and Christianity believe that everything on Earth happens by the will of God.
With the developments of modern science and technology, conflicts arouse within the different cultural groups. The techniques of manipulation of the genome of living things formed the basis of the conflicts of culture.
With the development and advancement of tools and techniques, many of the known technology has created cultural divides and of theories have failed in maintaining a balance between how we look at the world. The adoption of newer technologies for Islam and others has challenged their belief systems and old methods.Hence there rises conflicts of interest.
Learn more about the did the spread of Christianity Islam and modern.
brainly.com/question/25788073.
A person who is unable to see, even with perfectly healthy eyes, or unable to walk, despite no apparent physical injury, may be suffering from which of the following?
The correct answer is Hysteria
Hysteria or hysterical neurosis is a psychoneurosis characterized by transient changes in consciousness, such as periods of amnesia or memory loss, and various transient sensory or motor manifestations, such as tics, loss of skin sensitivity, limb paralysis, blindness or convulsions.
Final answer:
A person with healthy eyes who cannot see, or no physical injury but unable to walk, may have conversion disorder, a psychological condition resulting from extreme stress.
Explanation:
A person who is unable to see or walk despite having healthy eyes and no physical injury might be experiencing a form of psychological disorder such as conversion disorder, previously known as hysteria. This condition manifests as neurological symptoms, such as blindness or paralysis, without any neurological explanation. It results from psychological conflict or stress the patient is experiencing. Treatment often involves psychotherapy, stress management, and addressing the underlying psychological issues.
Marco accepts a request to play the piano at his church's Sunday services, even though he is still learning how to play the piano. He plays a well-learned, simple piece. Happily, he performs very well in front of his congregation. Marco's behavior illustrates ________.
Answer:
Social facilitation
Explanation:
Social facilitation is a concept where the presence of other people increases an individual's performance of a skill or ability. Many approaches have been used to study this in psychology, such as the activation theory.
The activation theory believes that the presence of other people would only benefit the individual if they are performing simple tasks that they have mastery over - if the individual is instead performing unfamiliar and complex tasks, performance would instead be negatively affected.
Parties may stipulate the damages to be recovered in case of nonperformance, defective performance, or delay in performance of an obligation. These are called:
Answer:
Liquidated Damages.
Explanation:
The scope of a liquidated damage is determined by parties during the process of developing contract that they intended to enter into. Such damages do not have a objective scope and depend on multiple factors.
For example, the first party of the contract promises to provide a venue for an art fair to the second party of the contract, which would hold such a fair for the first time. If the first party fails to provide the venue on time, the second party is not going to be able to make a profit from holding the art fair. Meanwhile, it is impossible to determine the amount of profit that the second party lost due to the beach of the contract by the first party. That is why scope of such damages has to be agreed upon in advance.
The therapist says, "Give me shoe" while pointing to the shoe. This best describes which stimulus prompt?
Answer:
Movement cues
Explanation:
A movement cue can be described as the usage of pointing towards a direction.
In the above example, the therapist says 'give me shoe' as well as points to the direction where the shoe is present. Hence, we can say that the therapist is using the stimulus of movement cues to prompt action by the patient. As a result, the brain of the patient will elicit response according to the physical characteristics.
If a test is _____, it is given to a large representative sample of people under uniform conditions for the purpose of establishing norms. It is also administered, scored, and interpreted in the same way no matter where the subject takes the test.
Answer:
standardized
Explanation:
In any Countries, citizens have to learn their knowledge from different institutions and trust the evaluation of that particular institution to determine whether they pass a certain test or not.
In some cases, this make the institution purposefully pass the student even if they fail the test just ti increase the success rate that they can publish to the public
The purpose of a standardized test is to make the institution / educator become accountable to the performance of the students learner. It will massively reduce the scoring bias of the educational institutions and future employer could use/evaluate the test scores more objectively.
A standardized test is given to a large representative sample under uniform conditions to establish norms. This is known as norming. Standardization ensures the test's administration, scoring, and interpretation are consistent, making the results reliable.
Explanation:If a test is standardized, it is given to a large representative sample of people under uniform conditions for the purpose of establishing norms. This process is known as norming and it involves giving a test to a large population so data can be collected comparing groups. The resulting data provide norms, or referential scores, by which to interpret future scores. An example of this is the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale.
Standardization ensures that the administration, scoring, and interpretation of results are consistent no matter where the subject takes the test. Norms are not expectations of what a given group should know but a demonstration of what that group does know. Norming and standardizing the test ensures that new scores are reliable.
Learn more about Standardized Testing here:https://brainly.com/question/29388604
#SPJ3
Lowering the discount rate can promote full employment because
Answer:
Companies will likely have more resources to expand which will definitely create opportunity for recruiting more workers.
Explanation:
Governments set a minimum interest rate on any loans that will be given out. This interest rate is known as the discount rate.
So, when the initial interest rate set on the loans acquired by companies is being reduced, this will allow the companies involved to have resources to fully or permanently appoint workers that are initially on contract appointment and, even hire more people, thereby reducing the rate of unemployment.
27 If a tire fails or you have a blowout, you should immediately concentrate your attention on ______________________.
a) turning the vehicle
b) steering the vehicle
c) stopping the vehicle
d) fixing the vehicle
Answer:b) Steering the vehicle
Explanation: If a tire fails or blowout the best option is for the driver to focus on steering the vehicle until he steers it a safe place by the side of the road, This is because if a tire fails or blowout it causes the vehicle to move towards the direction of the failed tire. After having a proper control on the steering, it is advised that the driver continue to reduce the acceleration of the vehicle till it is finally stopped in a safe place before carrying out other activities.
From a security perspective, the best rooms are directly next to emergency exits.1. True2. False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The best rooms are always reserved for important people, important and valuable things that wont need much needed attention.
When considering best rooms, you are also considering safety of the room, is it safe enough to be in such room. what qualifies room as the best, is not only the comfort, it is also tied to the safety concerns of the room, when there is fire out break, are there safety measures?/
From a security perspective, the best rooms are directly next to emergency exist. like i stated above, it houses best, important people or things that require safety and security, when there is an attack or robbery for example, to guarantee the safety of such person or item, it needs to be close to an exist door. so yes the statement above is true
A clause in an advisory agreement that limits an investment advisers liability for the advisers gross negligence or willful malfeasance is: unenforceable under state law
Answer:
Hold harmless clause
Explanation:
A hold harmless clause is a provision stated clearly in an agreement which allows one party or the both parties too accept not to hold the other person at ransom no matter the kind of damage, loss, or legal liability experienced in the course of the agreement. In other words, this clause indemnifies the both parties involved on a reciprocal or unilateral basis.
A school district is run by a board of elected officials, which hires a superintendent, who in turn selects principals for its schools and other administrative staff. This is an example of the bureaucratic characteristic of _______.
Answer: Hierarchy Of Authority.
Explanation:
Hierarchy of authority refers to how power is unequally distributed amongst different rank levels in an organization.
The power of authority increases as the level within the organization increase a person at the top has more power to influence more crucial and major final decisions. At the top we have a group of board of elected officials who are followed by a Superintendent who is followed by principals from this we can see a hierarchy of authority, board has more power than the superintendent but the superintendent has more power than the principal that is Hierarchy of authority
The school district being run by elected officials who hire a superintendent and select principals is an example of hierarchy, a bureaucratic characteristic.
Explanation:The bureaucratic characteristic of the school district being run by a board of elected officials, who then hire a superintendent, who in turn selects principals and administrative staff, is known as hierarchy. Hierarchy is a key characteristic of bureaucracy and refers to the vertical ranking of authority within an organization. In this case, the school board holds the highest authority, followed by the superintendent, principals, and other administrative staff.
This hierarchical structure ensures that there is a clear chain of command, with each level of authority having distinct responsibilities and roles. It allows for effective decision-making, coordination, and accountability within the school district.
For example, when a school board makes a policy decision, it is implemented by the superintendent, who then communicates it to the principals and administrative staff to ensure proper execution.
According to conflict theory, why are women’s contributions to family life devalued? a. Family life remains the same when no one plays the expressive role. b. Women are entering the workforce in greater numbers. c. As a social group, men benefit from maintaining their dominant status. d. The resources provided by men are more valuable than those provided by women
Answer:
c. As a social group, men benefit from maintaining their dominant status.
Explanation:
As per the study of social psychology, conflict theory refers to the struggle for dominance among social groups for limited resources. Explaining gender power relation, conflict theory explains how dominant groups (men) exploits subordinate groups (women). It states that men exploit women to retain power and status. Therefore this theory explains the power relation between genders and dominated by men.
If a bill passes the House and the Senate, but in different forms, the bill_________
Answer:
If both the House and the Senate pass the bill from the conference committee, then the bill is sent to the President.
Explanation:
The United States legislative system is bicameral, so the proposal for bills begins the same in the Senate as in the House of Representatives, depending on whether it is presented by a senator and a representative.
When the bill starts in the House of Representatives, now a Democratic majority, it is placed in a wooden box known as the hopper.
Once there, he is assigned a legislative number before the presidency of the House of Representatives, led at this time by Nancy Pelosi, sends him to one of the committees of that instance.
The representatives or senators responsible for promoting the bill meet in small groups to study, exchange opinions, make changes or rewrite the project in question.
They then vote to accept or reject the document and changes before returning it to the House of Representatives or the Senate for general debate. If it is approved by the majority, it is sent to one or another chamber of Congress to go through a similar process that includes debate, possible modifications and voting.
The president of the United States, in charge of signing or not to become law (Act in English), must arrive at a final version that both versions agree (of the Senate and the House of Representatives).
What do you call it when your employer owns the copyright for your intellectual copyrights because you create the material at work?
Answer:it is called supplementary work
Explanation:
It is acceptable as 'work for hire' under the copyright act.
One method some companies are using to control health care costs is to ________.
A. decline to provide health coverage for older workers
B. fire employees who refuse to quit smoking
C. charge obese people a higher percentage of health care premiums
D. hire only candidates with a low body mass index
Answer:
C. charge obese people a higher percentage of health care premiums
Explanation:
Obesity is a state of a person of having excess weight and have a large amount of fat in the body. Obese people are over weighted than their normal range when compared to their height.
Obese people are more prone to diseases and health issues. Thus most of the companies as a measure to reduce their health care costs charges the obese employees in their companies with a higher percentage of the premiums of health care. Charging high premiums from the obese employees will help the companies to lower their health care cost which they provide to the employees as an allowance to them.
Hence the correct option is (c).
A method that is used to control health care costs is to
charge obese people a higher percentage of health care premiums.What is health care costs?These are the costs that are incurred based on health care grounds. It is the cost of taking care of ones health and to live an improved life.
The costs for obese people are higher in order to get them live a more healthier lifestyle.
Read more on health care here: https://brainly.com/question/4784548
Forner Seattle Seahawk quarterback Jim Zorn attributed most of his personal life successes to the 20 minute a day principle. True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The 20 minutes a day principle involves breaking down your important task into small parts and taking 20 minutes to think about each task before carrying it out.
Jim Zorn attributes most of his personal life successes to this principle.
Answer:
it is true
Explanation:
reason i am a big seahawks fan
Your friend's mother was always baking ginger-flavored cookies whenever you were at their house. You loved those cookies, and would eat several each time you visited. One day, you noticed that you started to salivate as you walked up the front steps to the house, before you smell the cookies. The reason for this is that the house has become a(n):
Answer:
Conditioned stimulus
Explanation:
Classical conditioning is a form of learning by associating stimulus to responses and by pairing them in order to learn.
In classical conditioning, first we have a stimulus that triggers a natural response by itself. This stimulus is called the unconditioned stimulus (US) and the natural response triggered is the unconditioned response (UR).
Later, we start presenting a stimulus that doesn't trigger any response by itself and we pair this stimulus with the unconditioned stimulus. This new stimulus is called the conditioned stimulus (CS), soon, after some repetitions, the response will start to show up in presence of the CS, and now the response is called conditioned response (CR).
In this example, your friend's mother always bakes cookies when you are at their house. The cookies have the natural effect of making you salivate. Thus, the cookies would be the Unconditioned stimulus and the act of salivating would be the Unconditioned response. After many times, one day you start salivate as soon as you walk up the front steps to the house before smelling the cookies; we can see that you have paired the cookies with the house and therefore the house has become the conditioned stimulus that makes you salivate (conditioned response) as soon as you arrive.
Therefore, the reason for this is that the house has become a conditioned stimulus.
which of the following is believed to be the synaptic basis for learning and memory?
Answer:
Long term potentiation
Explanation:
Long term potentiation is the process of activation of neurons. Through this process, the synaptic connection between neurons gets stronger when activated frequently. It has been thought that LTP can change the way of brain changes in the response of experience.
So it is the mechanism that lies the process of learning and memory. From the past year, it becomes easy to understand the changes in the mechanism of learning and memory. It is the major reflected in synaptic plasticity. The LTP has a special emphasis on aging, disease and psychological mental illness.
In learning and memory, the belief is that synaptic plasticity, involving processes like long-term potentiation and long-term depression in the hippocampus, plays a critical role. This neural plasticity reflects the ability of neural connections to strengthen or weaken over time. Also, specific neurotransmitters are involved in the process of memory and can serve to fortify it, especially in powerful emotional experiences.
Explanation:The synaptic basis for learning and memory is believed to be synaptic plasticity. This term refers to the ability of synapses, the connections between neurons, to strengthen or weaken over time in response to increases or decreases in their activity. This adaptability is crucial for the processes of learning and memory.
Two processes, long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), are essential forms of synaptic plasticity. LTP is a process where repetitive activity by neurons leads to increased neurotransmitters in the synapses and more efficient and more synaptic connections. In contrast, LTD refers to a reduction in synaptic strength. These changes take place primarily in the hippocampus, a region of the brain involved in memory storage.
Additionally, neurotransmitters such as epinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and acetylcholine play a significant role in the process of memory. The release of these neurotransmitters strengthens memory, especially during intense emotional experiences.
Learn more about Synaptic Plasticity here:https://brainly.com/question/33281858
#SPJ3