1C5H10 + 15/2O2 => 5CO2 + 5H2O
Explanation:
Balanced equation is defined as the equation which contains same number of atoms on both reactant and product side.
For example, [tex]C_{5}H_{10}(l) + O_{2} \rightarrow CO_{2}(g) + H_{2}O(g)[/tex]
Number of atoms on reactant side are as follows.
C = 5H = 10O = 2Number of atoms on product side are as follows.
C = 1H = 2O = 3So, to balance this equation we will multiply [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] on product side by 5 and also multiply [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] by 5. On the reactant side, we multiply [tex]O_{2}[/tex] by [tex]\frac{15}{2}[/tex]. Therefore, the balanced equation is as follows.
[tex]C_{5}H_{10}(l) + \frac{15}{2}O_{2} \rightarrow 5CO_{2}(g) + 5H_{2}O(g)[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that for the given unbalanced equation the coefficient for [tex]C_5H_10[/tex] is 1.
explain how atoms(ions) are held together in an ionic bond. Give an example of an ionic compound
Ionic bond is described as the chemical bond between two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bond the metal loses electron forming a positively charged cation and a non metal which accept the cation to form a negatively charged anion. In ionic bond the atoms are held together by electrostatic force of attraction. In ionic bond the anions and cations are present in the ratio where the total charge of the compound becomes zero. For example, Let us consider NaCl compound. An atom of the sodium has three electrons in its valency shell and the electrons are removed from the outer most shell by applying the energy of 5.14 electron volts. The chlorine atom lacks an electron to attain stable electronic configuration and it accepts the electron from the sodium by releasing 3.62 electron volts of energy which means that it takes only 1.52 electron volts of energy to donate an electron to chlorine when both the atoms are far apart. When these electrons are brought together their electric potential becomes more negative. This means that if the neutral sodium and chlorine atoms are found themselves closer it would be energetically favourable to transfer electrons from sodium to chlorine thus resulting in the formation of the ionic bond.
The ions in an ionic bond are held together by electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations in the compound.
For example, sodium chloride [NaCl] (more commonly known as salt) has positively charged sodium [Na+] ions, or cations, and negatively charged chlorine [Cl-] ions, or anions, holding the compound together.
According to Newton's First Law of Motion, what does it take to move an object at rest?
A.a force greater than the force keeping the object at rest
B.a force equal to the force keeping the object at rest, but in the opposite direction
C.a frictionless surface and a net force of 100N
D.the force of inertia cannot be overcome without changing gravity
It will be B.) A force equal to the force keeping the object at rest, but in the opposite direction.
Methanol (CH3OH) has a boiling point of -97°C. Methane (CH4) has a boiling point of -162°C. Which type of bonding explains why methanol has a much higher boiling point than methane?
Answer is: hydrogen bonding.
Methanol has stronger intermolecular bonds than methane.
Intermolecular forces are the forces between molecules or particles.
There are several types of intermolecular forces: hydrogen bonding, ion-induced dipole forces, ion-dipole forces andvan der Waals forces.
Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (H), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as flourine (F), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) atoms.
In a certain organic compound, one of the carbon atoms is bonded to three atoms. One of these is a carbon atom and the other two are hydrogen atoms. What type of bond exists between the two carbon atoms?
Double Covalent
Ionic
Ion Dipole
Since the C is bonded to 2 H atoms,
it needs two more bonds to complete the octet of C(as C forms four bonds in total),hence C-C bond is double covalent bond
The bonded C atom is shown as bold C here:
-C=CH2
The bond between the two C atoms is Double Covalent.
The type of bond that exists between the two carbon atoms in this organic compound is a double covalent bond.
In a double covalent bond, two pairs of electrons are shared between the two carbon atoms. Each carbon atom contributes one electron from its outermost electron shell to form a strong and stable bond. This sharing of electrons allows both carbon atoms to satisfy the octet rule, which states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable configuration with a full outer electron shell, typically containing eight electrons.
Covalent bonds occur when atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. In the case of a double covalent bond, there are two pairs of shared electrons between the two carbon atoms. This bond is strong and requires a significant amount of energy to break, making it a key characteristic of many organic compounds with double bonds, such as alkenes and some functional groups in organic chemistry.
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A solution is made by dissolving 1.00 moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 155 grams of water. If the molal boiling point constant for water (Kb) is 0.51 °C/m, what would be the boiling point of this solution? Show all of the work needed to solve this problem.
Answer:
106.6 °C
Step-by-step explanation:
The formula for boiling point elevation ΔTb is
ΔTb = iKb·b
where
i = the van't Hoff i# factor
Kb = the molal boiling point elevation constant
b = the molal concentration of the solution
=====
Data
i = 2, because 1 mol of NaCl gives 2 mol of ions in solution.
Kb = 0.51 °C·mol·kg⁻¹
b = 1.00/0.155
b = 6.452 mol·kg⁻¹
=====
Calculations
ΔTb = 2 × 0.51 × 6.452
ΔTb = 6.58°C
Tb = Tb° + ΔTb
Tb = 100 + 6.58
Tb = 106.6 °C
What molecular level property allows copper to be an ideal material to be used in electrical wiring? A) The solubility of copper and copper compounds. B) The freedom of electrons in the metallic bonding. C) Attractive forces within the copper alloyed wire. D) A high degree of crystallinity in the bulk structure.
B. the freedom of electrons in the metallic bonding
Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Copper is known as the best conductor of heat and electricity. This is because in copper there is availability of free electrons.
And, as it is known that electricity is the flow of electrons. This means that since copper metal contains a number of free electrons. Hence, it can easily conduct electricity.
Electronic configuration of copper is [tex][Ar]4s1 3d^{10}[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that freedom of electrons in the metallic bonding at molecular level property allows copper to be an ideal material to be used in electrical wiring.
The element bromine, Br, has a larger atomic radius than A) Cu, O and Ba B) I, Cu, and Ba C) F and Kr D) O, F, and Kr
The answer is: D) O, F, and Kr.
Atomic radius of bromine (Br) is 114 pm.
Atomic radius of oxygen (O) is 73 pm.
Atomic radius of fluorine (F) is 72 pm.
Atomic radius of krypron (Kr) is 112 pm.
The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atom.
The atomic radius varies with increasing atomic number, but usually increases because of increasing of number of electrons.
The atomic radius decreases across the periods because an increasing number of protons, because greater attraction between the protons and electrons.
Which of the following statements is true about isotopes of the same element? Click on all that apply (1 point)
Isotopes have the same number of protons
Isotopes have the same number of electrons
Isotopes have the same number of neutrons
Isotopes have the same atomic mass
Isotopes have the same atomic number
Isotopes of the same element have identical numbers of protons and electrons (in a neutral state), and thus they share the same atomic number. They differ in the number of neutrons they possess, which leads to different atomic masses.
The question concerns isotopes of the same element. Two key characteristics of isotopes are their atomic number, which remains constant because isotopes have the same number of protons, and their varied atomic mass due to a different number of neutrons.
Isotopes have the same number of protons.
Isotopes have the same number of electrons (if the atom is in a neutral state).
Isotopes have the same atomic number.
Statements about isotopes having the same number of neutrons or the same atomic mass are incorrect; these are the properties that distinguish one isotope of an element from another.
The true statements are:
a) Isotopes have the same number of protons.
b) Isotopes have the same number of electrons.
e) Isotopes have the same atomic number.
Isotopes are variations of the same element that have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons. This means they have different mass numbers, which is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Here are the true statements about isotopes of the same element:
Isotopes have the same number of protons: The number of protons (atomic number) defines the element. All isotopes of an element have this same atomic number.
Isotopes have the same number of electrons: In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Therefore, isotopes of the same element have the same number of electrons.
Isotopes have the same atomic number: Because the atomic number is defined by the number of protons, which is consistent across isotopes of an element, the atomic number remains the same.
A plane traveling at 80m/s lands on a runway and comes to rest after 10 seconds. What was the planes deceleration?
HURRY! 10 POINTS!!
Identify the correct statement regarding the strength of chemical bonds.
A. Strong bonds form with large atoms and weak bonds with small atoms.
B. Weak bonds require less energy to form than strong bonds.
C. Strong bonds occur with high temperature and weak bonds with low temperature.
D. Weak bonds require more energy to form than strong bonds.
Answer:
The answer is D, weak bonds require more energy to form than strong bonds.
Explanation:
The correct answer is option B: Weak bonds require less energy to form than strong bonds. This is because the strength of a chemical bond is related to the energy required to break it, not the energy required to form it.
Explanation:The correct statement regarding the strength of chemical bonds is option B: Weak bonds require less energy to form than strong bonds. The strength of a chemical bond is related to the energy required to break it, not the size of the atoms, temperature, or energy required to form it. A strong bond has a high bond energy because it requires a great deal of energy to break. Conversely, a weak bond, which requires relatively little energy to break, has a low bond energy. This suggests that strong bonds do indeed require more energy to form than weak bonds.
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Substances have more kinetic energy in the _______ state than in the _______ state. A. Gas; solid B. Solid; gas C. Solid; liquid D. Liquid; gas
Answer: gas and then solid.
Explanation: Just trust me ok.
The molarity (M) of an aqueous solution containing 29.8 g of sucrose, C12H22O11, in 120 mL of solution is:
2.58 x 10–2 M.
7.26 x 10–4 M.
1.38 M.
0.726 M.
Answer:
0.726 mol·L⁻¹
Step-by-step explanation:
c = moles/litres
=====
Moles = 29.8 × 1/342.30
Moles = 0.087 06 mol
=====
Litres = 120 × 1/1000
Litres = 0.120 L
=====
c = 0.087 06/0.120
c = 0.725 mol·L⁻¹
Two electrons are found in the same atom. One has the quantum number set (3, 2, 0, +?), and the other has the quantum number set (3, 1, 0, +?). They share thea same sub level but differentt orbitalsb same orbital but different spin directionsc same energy level but different sublevelsd same type of sub level but found in different energy sub levels
D. Same energy level but different sublevel.
ExplanationThere are four quantum numbers [1]:
n, the principal quantum number,l, the orbital angular momentum quantum number,[tex]m_l[/tex], the magnetic quantum number, and[tex]m_s[/tex], the electron spin quantum number.As their names might suggest:
n determines the main energy level of an electron. l determines the type of sublevel of an electron.Each sublevel might contain more than one orbital. [tex]m_l[/tex] gives the orbital of an electron.Each orbital contains up to two electrons. [tex]m_s[/tex] tells two electrons in the same orbital apart.The two electrons in question come from the same atom. The question suggests that they have the same n, [tex]m_l[/tex], and [tex]m_s[/tex]. As a result, both electrons are in main energy level n = 3. They share the same spin.
However, the two electrons differ in their value of l.
l = 2 for the first electron. It belongs to a d sublevel. l = 1 for the second electron. It belongs to a p sublevel. Reference[1] Kamenko, Anastasiya, et. al, "Quantum Numbers", Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, Chemistry Libretexts, 24 Mar 2017.
Given that Cu + 2HCI Cu2+ + 2CI- + H2(g) has an overall reduction potential of –0.34 V, what is a valid prediction about how this reaction works? The reaction is not spontaneous and will require energy to proceed. The reverse reaction would require energy input in order to occur. The half reactions would both occur spontaneously. The reaction is not spontaneous, and it is impossible to make it occur.
Cu + 2HCI → Cu²⁺ + 2CI⁻ + H2(g)
has an overall reduction potential of –0.34 V
The correct option is:
The reaction is not spontaneous and will require energy to proceed.
Since the overall reduction potential is negative,the reaction is not spontaneous and it requires energy to proceed.
The reaction is
Cu(s) + 2HCI(aq) ---> Cu⁺² + 2CI⁻ + H₂(g)
The given E⁰cell = -0.34
The overall reduction potential is negative
A reaction is said to be spontaneous it is ΔG° is negative
The relation between ΔG° and Electrode potential is
ΔG° = -nFE°cell
as given that
E°cell = -0.34 V
The overall value of ΔG° will be positive and hence reaction must be non spontaneous
so
The reaction is not spontaneous and will require energy to proceed.
The tropopause is best described as which of the following?
The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere is called troposphere.The layer immediately next to troposphere is called Stratosphere. The boundary layer between troposphere and stratosphere is described as tropopause.
The tropopause is the transition layer between the troposphere and the stratosphere in Earth's atmosphere. It is located at an altitude of about 12-15 km, and it is the coldest part of the atmosphere.
Explanation:The tropopause can be defined as the transition layer between the troposphere and the stratosphere in Earth's atmosphere. It is located at an altitude of about 12-15 km (7-8 miles), and it is the coldest part of the atmosphere. The temperature in the troposphere decreases steadily with increasing altitude, but at the tropopause, the temperature starts warming again due to the absorption of UV radiation by ozone in the stratosphere.
A 0.1326 g sample of magnesium was burned in an oxygen bomb calorimeter. the total heat capacity of the calorimeter plus water was 5,760 j/°c. if the temperature rise of the calorimeter with water was 0.570°c, calculate the enthalpy of combustion of magnesium. mg(s) + 1/2o2(g) →mgo(s)
The enthalpy of combustion of magnesium in this experiment is approximately -602 kJ/mol, which was determined by dividing the total heat transferred (calculated from the calorimeter's heat capacity and temperature change) by the number of moles of magnesium burnt.
Explanation:
In the experiment described, a small piece of magnesium was burnt in a oxygen bomb calorimeter, leading to a recorded temperature rise in the calorimeter and the water it contains. The enthalpy of combustion of magnesium can be determined from these values by using the equation q = mcΔT, where q is the heat transferred, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. In this case, the total heat transferred (q) is the heat capacity of the calorimeter and the water times the temperature change, or 5760 J/°C * 0.570 °C = 3283.2 J. The molar enthalpy of combustion can then be calculated by determining the moles of Mg burnt (0.1326 g / 24.305 g/mol = 0.00545 mol) and dividing the heat produced by the moles of Mg burnt (3283.2 J / 0.00545 mol = -602 kJ/mol). Therefore, when rounded to 3 significant figures, the enthalpy of combustion of magnesium is around -602 kJ/mol.
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How many moles of gas are there in a 45.0 L container at 25.0 °C and 500.0 mm Hg?
You can solve this by utilizing the ideal gas law, PV=nRT. P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is a constant (depends on the unit of pressure), and T is the temperature (in Kelvins).
500.0mmHg- convert to atm
=0.65789atm (do sig figs last)
25.0 C- convert to K
25.0 +273= 298K
PV=nRT
0.65789atm times 45.0L equals n (the variable) times R (0.08206L atm mol^-1 K^-1) times 298K
Isolate the variable, n and plug into a calculator.
I hope this helped!
Answer: The moles of gas is 1.21 moles.
Explanation:
To calculate the moles of gas, we use the equation given by ideal gas which follows:
[tex]PV=nRT[/tex]
where,
P = pressure of the gas = 500.0 mmHg
V = Volume of the gas = 45.0 L
T = Temperature of the gas = [tex]25^oC=[25+273]K=298K[/tex]
R = Gas constant = [tex]62.364\text{ L.mmHg }mol^{-1}K^{-1}[/tex]
n = number of moles of gas = ?
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]500.0mmHg\times 45.0L=n\times 62.3637\text{ L.mmHg }mol^{-1}K^{-1}\times 298K\\\\n=\frac{500.0\times 45.0}{62.364\times 298}=1.21mol[/tex]
Hence, the moles of gas is 1.21 moles.
What is the momentum of a 750-kg car traveling at a velocity of a 25 m/s?
Momentum = mass x velocity 750x25 = 18750 kg-m/s.
Question 1 (True/False Worth 2 points)
(04.03 LC)
When Pb and AlCl3 react together, lead (Pb) can replace aluminum (Al) in the compound because lead is lower on the activity series.
True
False
Question 2(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(04.03 MC)
Which of the following equations has the correct products and is balanced correctly for a reaction between Na3PO4 and KOH?
Na3PO4 + 3KOH → 3NaOH + K3PO4, because K retains the same charge throughout the reaction
Na3PO4 + KOH → Na3OH + KPO4, because K increases in charge from 1+ to 3+ when it is replaced
Na3PO4 + KOH → 3NaOH + K3PO4, because K retains the same charge throughout the reaction
Na3PO4 + KOH → Na3OH + K3PO4, because K increases in charge from 1+ to 3+ when it is replaced
Question 3(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(04.03 LC)
Which of the following is a single replacement reaction?
Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2H2O
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
H2O+ CO2 → H2CO3
Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(04.03 MC)
Sodium metal reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas.
What best describes this reaction?
A single replacement reaction takes place because sodium is less reactive than hydroxide ions.
A double replacement reaction takes place because sodium is less reactive than hydroxide ions.
A double replacement reaction takes place because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen.
A single replacement reaction takes place because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen.
Question 5 (True/False Worth 2 points)
(04.03 LC)
A single replacement reaction is a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element within a compound.
True
False
Question 6(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(04.03 MC)
The table shows the nature of reactants and products formed in a certain type of chemical reaction.
Nature of Reactants and Products
Reactants Products
Metal + Ionic compound Metal + Ionic compound
Which of the following is true about the type of chemical reaction?
It is a single replacement reaction, and the anions in the two ionic compounds are different.
It is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
It is a double replacement reaction, and the anions in the two ionic compounds are different.
It is a double replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
1) Answer is: False.
Balanced chemical reaction: Pb + AlCl₃ → no reaction.
The reactivity series is a series of metals from highest to lowest reactivity. Metal higher in the reactivity series will displace another.
Aluminium (Al) is higher in activity series than lead (Pb).
That means aluminium (Al) is stronger reducing agent than lead and gives electrons easier.
This series are used to summarize information about the reactions of metals with acids or water, double displacement reactions (more reactive metals displace metals with lower reactivity) and the extraction of metals from their ores.
2) Answer is: Na3PO4 + 3KOH → 3NaOH + K3PO4, because K retains the same charge throughout the reaction.
This chemical reaction is double displacement reaction - cations (K⁺ and Na⁺) and anions (PO₄³⁻⁻ and OH⁻) of the two reactants switch places and form two new compounds.
Na₃PO₄ is sodium phosphate.
KOH is potassium hydroxide.
NaOH is sodium hydroxide.
K₃PO₄ is potassium phosphate.
3) Answer is: Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2.
Single replacement is reaction where neutral element metal or nonmetal become an ion as it replaces another ion in a compound.
In this balanced chemical reaction zinc (Zn) replaces hydrogen (H).
Zinc changes oxidation number from 0 to +2 (this is oxidation) and hydrogen change oxidation number from +1 to 0 (reduction).
4) Answer is: A single replacement reaction takes place because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen.
Balanced chemical reaction:
2Na(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H₂(g).
Single replacement is reaction where neutral element metal or nonmetal become an ion as it replaces another ion in a compound.
In this balanced chemical reaction sodium (Na) replaces hydrogen (H).
Sodium changes oxidation number from 0 to +1 (oxidation) and hydrogen change oxidation number from +1 to 0 (reduction).
5) Answer is: True.
For example, balanced chemical reaction:
Ca + 2HCl → H₂ + CaCl₂.
Reduction hald reaction: 2H⁺ + 2e⁻→ H₂.
Oxidation half reaction: Ca⁰ → Ca²⁺ + 2e⁻.
In this balanced chemical reaction calcium (Ca) replaces hydrogen (H).
In this chemical reaction, calcium lost two electrons (oxidation, change oxidation number from 0 to +2) and hydrogen gain that two electrons (reduction, change oxidation number from +1 to 0).
6) Answer is: It is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
For example, balanced chemical reaction:
Ba + MgSO₄ → BaSO₄(s) + Mg.
In this balanced chemical reaction barium (Ba) replaces magnesium (Mg), because barium is higher at activity series.
Sulfate anion (SO₄²⁻) is the same in two ionic compounds, but cations (Mg²⁺ and Ba²⁺) changes.
Single Displacement is reaction where neutral element metal or nonmetal become an ion as it replaces another ion in a compound.
How many atoms are in one mole of gold? A) 1.97 x 1023 atoms. B) 6.02 x 1023 atoms C) 79 atoms. D) 197 atoms
B. Is the Answer 6.022 * 1023
Answer: B) [tex]6.022\times10^{23}[/tex] atoms.
Explanation:
According to the International System of units ,
A mole is basically denotes a unit that contains [tex]6.022\times10^{23}[/tex] of atoms.
It is also known as Avagadro Number.
Similarly, the number of atoms in one mole of gold = [tex]6.022\times10^{23}[/tex]
hence, the correct answer is B) [tex]6.022\times10^{23}[/tex] atoms.
How many particles are in one mole?
A.
6.022 × 1023
B.
2.066 × 1023
C.
6.023 × 1022
D.
3.026 × 1022
Your answer is A
6.02 × 1023 particles
Answer: [tex]6.022\times 10^{23}[/tex]
Explanation: According to Avogadros law, one mole of any substance contains a fixed number of particles i.e [tex]6.022\times 10^{23}[/tex] particles (atoms, molecules or ions) which is also known by the name Avogadro's number.
For example: 1 mole of [tex]O_2[/tex] molecule contains [tex]6.022\times 10^{23}[/tex] molecules of oxygen.
1 mole of [tex]He[/tex] contains [tex]6.022\times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms of helium.
Help me number 16 and 17
16) Chemical equation: Ca + H₃PO₄ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + H₂.
Oxidation reaction: Ca⁰ → Ca⁺² + 2e⁻ /×3.
3Ca⁰ → 3Ca⁺² + 6e⁻
Reduction reaction: 6e⁻ + 2H₃⁺¹ → 3H₂⁰.
Calcium change oxidation number from 0 to +2 (oxidation) and hydrogen change oxidation number from +1 to 0 (reduction).
Balanced chemical equation: 3Ca + 2H₃PO₄ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 3H₂.
Calcium is stronger reducing agent than hydrogen, gives electrons easier.
This is example of single displacement reaction.
Single displacement is reaction where neutral element metal or nonmetal become an ion as it replaces another ion in a compound.
17) Balanced chemical equation:
3Ca(s) + 2H₃PO₄(aq) → Ca₃(PO₄)₂(aq) + 3H₂(g).
Ionic equation: 3Ca + 6H⁺ + 2PO₄³⁻ → 3Ca²⁺ + 2PO₄³⁻ + 3H₂.
Net ionic equation: 3Ca + 6H⁺ → 3Ca²⁺ + 3H₂.
A spectator ion is an ion that exists as a reactant and a product in a chemical equation.
A spectator ion is phospate anion PO₄³⁻.
The salts NaCl and CaCl2
(a) are good conductors of electricity
(b) have positive charges
(c) have the same crystal lattice of energy
(d) are held together by ionic bond
Answer: The correct answer is Option a and d.
Explanation: Both the salts are ionic in nature because when dissolved in water, they dissociate into their respective ions.
Ionic compounds are held together by ionic bond. They are neutral compounds as both positive and negative charges neutralize each other. These compounds are also good conductors of electricity because of the presence of ions.
As both the salts have different molecular formula, both of them will have different crystal lattice system and hence, different crystal lattice energy.
From the above information, the correct options are option a and option d.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
both a and b
that i a correct
answer
Generally, when going down a group on the periodic table:
atomic radii decrease
ionic radii increase
electronegativity increases
reactivity decreases
Generally when we move down the group on a periodic table the atomic radii increases as the valency electrons occupy higher levels due to the increasing quantum number. Hence the atomic radii increases down the group.
The ionic radii increases down the group because while we move down the group the elements gain electrons and form ions called anions as an additional electron occupies the orbital the ions get bigger in size. Hence the ionic radii increase.
Electronegativity is described as the ability to attract and bind with electrons and it is a qualitative property. It decreases as we move down the group because the distance between the valency electrons and the nucleus increases. Hence electronegativity decreases down the group.
Reactivity increases as we move down the group as the metals have the tendency to lose electron form its outer shell.
Therefore the answer is ionic radii increases.
the equation below shows the decomposition of lead nitrate. how many grams of oxygen are produced when 11.5g NO2 is formed?
2Pb(NO3)2(s) -> 2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
a. 2.88 g
b. 2.00 g
c. 32.0 g
d. 1.00 g
PLEASE AND THANK YOU IN ADVANCE
Final answer:
2.00 g of oxygen is produced ,option B
Explanation:
To determine how many grams of oxygen are produced when 11.5 g of NO2 is formed, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation:
2 Pb(NO3)2(s) = 2 PbO(s) + 4 NO2(g) + O2(g)
From the equation, we see that 4 moles of NO2 are produced alongside 1 mole of O2. First, we find the number of moles of NO2 that 11.5 g corresponds to:
Molar mass of NO2 = 14.01 (N) + (2 *16.00) (O) = 46.01 g/mol
Moles of NO2 = 11.5 g / 46.01 g/mol
Then, we take into account the mole ratio between NO2 and O2, which is 4:1:
Moles of O2 = (Moles of NO2) times (1 mole O2 / 4 moles NO2)
Finally, we find the mass of O2 produced:
Molar mass of O2 = 2 times 16.00 g/mol = 32.00 g/mol
Mass of O2 = (Moles of O2) times (32.00 g/mol)
By going through the calculations, we find that the mass of O2 produced is 2.00 g, which corresponds to option (b).
Sulfuric acid is essential to dozens of important industries from steelmaking to plastics and pharmaceuticals. More sulfuric acid is made than any other industrial chemical, and world production exceeds 2.0 x 10 kg per year. The first step in the synthesis of sulfuric acid is usually burning solid sulfur to make sulfur dioxide gas. Suppose an engineer studying this reaction introduces 4.4 kg of solid sulfur and 6.90 atm of oxygen gas at 950. °C into an evacuated 50.0 L tank. The engineer believes K-0.71 for the reaction at this temperature. Calculate the mass of solid sulfur he expects to be consumed when the reaction reaches equilibrium. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Note for advanced students: the engineer may be mistaken in his belief about the value of Kp, and the consumption of sulfur you calculate may not be what he actually observes.
Given:
K = 0.71 = Kp
The reaction of sulphur with oxygen is
S(s) + O2(g) ---> SO2(g)
initial Pressure 6.90 0
Change -x +x
Equilibrium 6.90-x x
Kp = pSO2 / pO2 = 0.71 = x / (6.90-x)
4.899 - 0.71x = x
4.899 = 1.71x
x = 2.86 atm = pressure of SO2 formed
temperature = 950 C = 950 + 273.15 K = 1223.15 K
Volume = 50 L
Let us calculate moles of SO2 formed using ideal gas equation as
PV = nRT
R = gas constant = 0.0821 L atm / mol K
putting other values
n = PV / RT = 2.86 X 50 / 1223.15 X 0.0821 = 1.42 moles
Moles of Sulphur required = 1.42 moles
Mass of sulphur required or consumed = moles X atomic mass of sulphur
mass of S = 1.42 X 32 = 45.57 grams or 0.04557 Kg of sulphur
According to Newton's First Law of Motion, what does it take to move an object at rest?
A.a force greater than the force keeping the object at rest
B.a force equal to the force keeping the object at rest, but in the opposite direction
C.a frictionless surface and a net force of 100N
D.the force of inertia cannot be overcome without changing gravity
When 25.0 grams of water are cooled from 20.0 degrees Celsius to 10.0 degrees Celsius the number of joules of heat energy released is?
Heat energy released here
Q = mass x specific heat capacity of water x deltaT
= 25.0 x 4.184 x (-10.0)
= - 1046 Joules
1046 Joules of heat energy is released in this process.
Answer: The amount of heat released is -1046 J
Explanation:
To calculate the amount of heat released, we use the equation:
[tex]q=mc\Delta T[/tex]
where,
q = heat released = ?
m = mass of water = 25.0 g
c = specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/g.°C
[tex]\Delta T[/tex] = change in temperature = [tex]T_2-T_1=(10.0-20.0)^oC=-10.0^oC[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]q=25.0g\times 4.184J/g.^oC\times (-10.0^oC)\\\\q=-1046J[/tex]
Hence, the amount of heat released is -1046 J
What volume of a 9.00 M NaOH stock solution would you need to make 800. ML of a 0.750 M NaOH solution
Answer: 66.66 ml
Explanation: Using Molarity equation:
[tex]M_1V_1[/tex] (stock solution)=[tex]M_2V_2[/tex](solution to be prepared)
given: [tex]M_2=0.750M[/tex]
[tex]V_2=800ml[/tex]
[tex]M_1=9.00M[/tex]
[tex]V_1=?[/tex]
[tex]9.00M\times V_1[/tex] (stock solution)=[tex]0.750M\times 800ml[/tex] (solution)
[tex]V_1= 66.66ml[/tex]
PLEASE HELP ASAP!! CHEMISTRY BALANCING EQUATIONS!
How many liters of NH3 at stp will react with 5.3g O2 to form NO2 and water?
4NH3(g) + 7O2(g) -> 4NO2 + 6H2O(g)
A. 0.00423L
B. 2.12L
C.3.03L
D. 6.49L
Answer:
B. 2.12 L
Step-by-step explanation:
We know we will need a balanced chemical equation with masses and molar masses, so, let's gather all the information in one place.
M_r: 32.00
4NH₃(g) + 7O₂(g) ⟶ 4NO₂ + 6H₂O(g)
m/g: 5.3
(a) Moles of O₂
Moles of O₂ = 5.3 × 1/32.00
Moles of O₂ =0.166 mol
=====
(b) Moles of NH₃
The molar ratio is 4 mol NH₃= 7 mol O₂.
Moles of NH₃ = 0.166 × 4/7
Moles of NH₃ = 0.0946 mol NH₃
=====
(c) Volume of NH₃ at STP
STP is 1 bar and 0 °C. At STP, the molar volume of a gas is 22.71 L.
Volume of NH₃ = 0.0946 ×22.71/1
Volume of NH₃ = 2.15 L
=====
It looks as if you are using the old (pre-1982) definition of STP.
Under that definition, the molar volume of a gas at STP was 22.41 L.
The volume of NH₃ is then 2.12 L.