the sperm enters the egg
Select the best answer for the question.
5. A runner is running the 60-meter dash, which is an oxygen-deficie
of energy is the runner's body using to power through the race?
O A. Catabolic
O B. Aerobic
O C. Anabolic
O D. Anaerobic
Answer:
D. Anaerobic
Explanation:
The human body gets energy by breaking a terminal phosphate from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a high energy molecule. In the cells, ATP is produced during cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration may be aerobic or anaerobic. Aerobic respiration occurs in presence of oxygen and yields 38 ATP from the oxidation of one glucose molecule whereas, anaerobic respiration occurs in absence of oxygen and yields only 2 ATP from the oxidation of one glucose molecule.
Normally human body fulfils its energy requirement by aerobic respiration. But when energy is a requirement is more during running a race, doing heavy exercises, aerobic respiration alone does not fulfil energy requirement, in such condition the body fulfil its required energy through anaerobic respiration in an oxygen-deficient environment.
A small creek runs through a mature forest, keeping the soil around the creek damp all year. A variety of ferns and several flowering plants thrive in this shady, moist area. Along the higher ground above the creek, many species of flowering plants that need less water grow. If a farmer diverted the creek to water his fields, causing the creek to dry up, what would be the most likely long-term consequence for the ferns and angiosperms in the forest?
A. The ferns would outcompete the angiosperms in the forest since they can tolerate a wider range of moisture conditions than angiosperms.
B. The angiosperms and the ferns would not be affected since their thick, waxy cuticle coverings would protect them from drying out.
C. The angiosperms would outcompete the ferns since their sperm do not need moist conditions to get to their eggs as ferns do.
D. The ferns and angiosperms would begin to produce spores instead of seeds since the spores are better able to survive dry conditions.
Answer:
The answer is A
Explanation:
Because the fern can tolorate less water.
Answer:
C. The angiosperms would out-compete the ferns since their sperm do not need moist conditions to get to their eggs as ferns do.
Explanation:
Ferns release their ciliated sperms in water which swim and travel to the archegonia to reach the egg cell. However, angiosperms do not need water for reproduction. They use pollinating agents to mount the pollen on stigma. Hence, in the lower water supply to the creek would not allow reproduction of ferns and angiosperms would out-compete.
Which statements describe film badges? check all that apply. an amplifying device that indicates the presence of ionizing particles a device that permits determination of the concentration of radioisotopes in the body or other substance film sensitive to radiation that is removed and developed to measure exposure a device used for monitoring individual cumulative exposure to ionizing radiation?
Answer:
Explanation:
Film sensitive to radiation that is removed and developed to measure exposure
A device used for monitoring individual cumulative exposure to ionizing radiation
Film badges are used to monitor and measure individual exposure to ionizing radiation by showing levels of fogging on a film that indicates the amount of radiation exposure.
They contain film sensitive to radiation that fogs up when exposed, with the amount of fogging being proportional to the radiation level. Film badges are worn by individuals who may be exposed to radiation, and they are regularly developed and checked to measure the exposure. These badges include different absorbers to determine the type and amount of radiation penetration. While film badges are a simple detection method, they are not very sensitive to low levels of radiation. More sophisticated devices, such as those utilizing crystals, tend to be more sensitive and reliable.
Which layer of the gi tract participates in chemical digestion and absorption?
Answer:
The mucosa
Explanation:
The mucosa is the innermost layer of the GI tract and it has two main functions: Secretion and absorption.
The mucosa comes into contact (directly) to chyme, so the mucosa has goblet cells, which are specialized cells, that secrete a protective lining of mucus throughout the GI tract to protect it from harm. It is in the epithelium layer of the mucosa where the most absorption occurs.
The three sets of color receptors within the retina are sensitive to wavelengths of visible light are: select one:
a. red, green, and yellow
b. orange, green and purple
c. red, blue and yellow
d. blue, green and red
Answer:
D
Explanation:
These colors are also referred to as primary colors. When mixed in different proportions, they can produce a variety of secondary and tertiary colors and this is how the human eye is also to perceive many colors even with only these three eye pigments.
The correct option is d.
The three sets of color receptors or cone cells within the retina are sensitive to blue, green, and red light. They work together, sending information to the brain to perceive a wide range of color.
Explanation:The three sets of color receptors within the retina, also known as cone cells, are sensitive to three primary colors: blue, green, and red. This corresponds to option d. These cells work together to allow our eyes to perceive a wide range of color. For instance, when both red and green cones are activated, we perceive the color yellow. The information captured by these color receptors is sent to the brain, which processes the data to create the colorful world we perceive around us.
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Genetic inheritance is being studied in a certain species of plant in which orange flower color (O) is dominant to white (o) and round leaf shape (S) is dominant to oval (s). A true-breeding orange-flowered, round-leaved male plant (Plant A) is mated with a true-breeding white-flowered, oval-leaved female plant (Plant B) to produce dihybrid offspring plant (Plant C). Assuming normal Mendelian genetics and independent inheritance of these two traits, which gametes might be produced by Plant C?
Answer:
OS, Os, oS, os
Explanation:
To do this, first we need to determine what the genotype of the Plant C offspring is. Since the parents are both true bred, this means that their offspring will get one allele of each parent, of each trait.
Here's a Punnett to help you there
OOSS x ooss
os os os os
OS OoSs OoSs OoSs OoSs
OS OoSs OoSs OoSs OoSs
OS OoSs OoSs OoSs OoSs
OS OoSs OoSs OoSs OoSs
So Plant C would have a genotype of OoSs.
A good trick to determining the gametes of a dihybrid, is the FOIL method. Just like in math, F- first, O-outside, I- inside, and L-Last
Look at the attachment to see the FOIL method:
"The correct answer is that Plant C might produce the following gametes: OS, Os, oS, and os.
To understand why these are the possible gametes produced by Plant C, we need to consider the genetic makeup of both parent plants and how these traits are inherited according to Mendelian genetics.
Plant A, which is true-breeding for orange flowers and round leaves, has the genotype OOSS. Plant B, which is true-breeding for white flowers and oval leaves, has the genotype ooss.
When Plant A (OOSS) is crossed with Plant B (ooss), the dihybrid offspring Plant C will receive one allele from each parent for each trait. Since the traits are independently inherited, we can look at each trait separately.
For the flower color trait:
- Plant C will receive an O allele from Plant A and an o allele from Plant B, resulting in the genotype Oo for flower color.
For the leaf shape trait:
- Plant C will receive an S allele from Plant A and an s allele from Plant B, resulting in the genotype Ss for leaf shape.
Combining these two traits, Plant C will have the genotype OoSs.
During gamete formation (meiosis), Plant C will produce gametes that carry one allele from each gene pair. For the flower color gene, Plant C can produce gametes with either the O or the o allele. For the leaf shape gene, Plant C can produce gametes with either the S or the s allele.
Therefore, the possible combinations of gametes that Plant C might produce are:
- OS (carrying the dominant orange flower and round leaf alleles)
- Os (carrying the dominant orange flower and recessive oval leaf alleles)
- oS (carrying the recessive white flower and dominant round leaf alleles)
- os (carrying the recessive white flower and oval leaf alleles)
These gametes represent all the possible allele combinations that Plant C can pass on to its offspring, given its genotype of OoSs."
Which of the following statements about the role of the neuronal workspace in executive control is FALSE? It allows one to create new ideas and rise above habit. It prevents activity from occurring in multiple areas of the brain, to avoid confusion. The workspace allows the executive to detect conflict that may arise from competing demands or goals. The workspace links other active areas of the brain, allowing for the “executive” to make decisions about current processing.
Answer:
It prevents activity from occurring in multiple areas of the brain, to avoid confusion.
Match the vocabulary term with the correct definition. 1. body tissue that is connected to and moves the bones in the body skeletal muscles 2. the ability of a muscle to move a weight repeatedly, or for an extended period of time hypertrophy 3. the increase in the size of a muscle fiber in response to resistance training tendon 4. the most amount of weight a muscle can move at a single time atrophy 5. the decrease in the size and strength of a skeletal muscle when it is not used muscle endurance 6. strong body tissue that connects the muscles to the bones muscle strength
Answer:
1. body tissue that is connected to and moves the bones in the body skeletal muscles
2. the ability of a muscle to move a weight repeatedly, or for an extended period of time muscle endurance
3. the increase in the size of a muscle fiber in response to resistance training hypertrophy
4. the most amount of weight a muscle can move at a single time muscle strength
5. the decrease in the size and strength of a skeletal muscle when it is not used atrophy
6. strong body tissue that connects the muscles to the bones tendon
Explanation:
Skeletal muscles are striated muscle tissue under the voluntary nervous control, responsible for the body movements. Skeletal muscles are connected with the bones via bundles of collagen fibers called tendons.Skeletal muscles have their properties such as:
Muscle endurance or the ability to repeatedly perform force against resistance
Muscle strength the amount of force produced by muscle.
Skeletal muscles can decrease (atrophy) or increase (hypertrophy) in mass. Decrease in mass occurs due to disease, starvation, age… Increase in mass occurs due to strong training.
Answer:
atrophy is number five
muscle strength is four
muscle endurance is number 2
tendon is 6
skeletal muscles is 1
and hypertrophy is 3.
youre welcome :))
Climate does not effect the rate in which weathering can occur. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
Answer:
true
Explanation:
it does effect it with it being to hot or to cold
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Climate has a major role in escalating the rate of weathering. During excessive hot season, the large rock pieces in dry and arid areas develop cracks which further increases in size when rain falls on it or strong air strikes against it.
During humid and cold climatic condition, fissures are developed into rocks due to cyclic freezing and thawing process.
Hence, given statement is false.
A geneticist studying fruit flies hypothesizes that short wings are a recessive
trait coded for by a single gene. Which observation is most likely to have led
her to form this hypothesis?
F Flies have wing lengths ranging from very long to very short.
G Flies with long wings are less likely to survive.
H Flies with long wings can produce offspring with short wings.
J Flies with short wings prefer to mate with flies with long wings.
Answer:
H Flies with long wings can produce offspring with short wings.
Explanation:
For example, if we name the gene for the wings length with A, then the fruit flies with short wings have the genotype aa (recessive homozygous), while those with long wings can have either AA (dominant homozygous) or Aa (heterozygous) genotype. So, if two fruit flies with long wings and Aa genotype are crossed:
P: Aa x Aa
F1: AA Aa Aa aa
There is a 25% chance that offspring will have short wings.
Mineral X is scratched by a diamond. Mineral X _____.
1. has a Mohs hardness of 10
2. can't be scratched by a penny
3. is softer than a diamond
4. must be a precious metal
I believe it would be answer choice 1
List two factors that determine where an organism lives in an aquatic ecosystem
Temperature, oxygen levels, sunlight, food, shelter are many examples you can choose from
An aquatic ecosystem is a type of ecosystem in which the organisms live enclosed in a water body like a river, seas, and oceans. The factors like shelter, temperature, and oxygen have an impact on the ecosystem.
The factors that determine where an organism lives are:
1. Oxygen amount in the water determines the survival of aquatic organisms. the dissolved oxygen when reduced or becomes very low, the aquatic animals cannot survive.
2. Temperature plays a crucial role in the solubility of oxygen and other gases. The cold temperatures will lead to the death of organisms.
Thus, oxygen and temperature play a crucial role in the aquatic ecosystem.
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Who developed the hypothesis that cells only come from other cells?
Answer:
Rudolf virchow in 1855
Explanation:
He said omnis cellula - e - cellula.
Mean cells formed from pre existing cells.
Final answer:
Rudolf Virchow developed the hypothesis that cells only come from other cells, which later became a central part of cell theory. Although, it should be noted that Robert Remak had published similar findings earlier, leading to a controversy. This principle complements earlier work by Schwann and Schleiden about the cell as the basic unit for all life.
Explanation:
The hypothesis that cells only come from other cells was developed by the German doctor Rudolf Virchow in 1858. This concept, a central part of cell theory, was summarized by Virchow using the Latin phrase omnis cellula a cellula, which means "all cells arise from cells." However, it's important to note that Robert Remak, a Polish scientist, and Virchow's former colleague, had published similar findings in 1852 and Virchow's lack of acknowledgment led to controversy over the credit for this aspect of cell theory.
Before Virchow, Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden had suggested, in the early 1800s, that cells were the basic building blocks of all living things, setting the stage for the later development of cell theory. Virchow's observation of cell division under the microscope led to the realization that living cells can only arise from pre-existing cells, effectively refuting the idea of spontaneous generation and contributing to what we now understand as the modern cell theory.
The Cell Theory is now a fundamental principle of biology asserting that all organisms are made up of cells, all life functions take place within cells, and every cell originates from another pre-existing cell through the process of cellular division.
During cellular respiration, organisms convert chemical energy in the form of ___, into chemical energy in the form of ___
Answer:
chem. energy, form of amino acids, INTO form of DRNA
Explanation:
cells use both these types of energy for c.respiration...and protein synthesis...
List all of the blood vessels necessary to move blood from one of the structures listed below back to the heart.
Answer:
im waiting on an answer aswell.
Explanation:
The amount of energy your body uses to maintain body functions during complete rest at room temperature is called
Metabolism (aka basal metabolic rate)!
How I remember this is the amount of energy someone in a coma would need to maintain a healthy weight
Hope this helped!
~Someone who loves Shawn Mendes very much
One possible form of a gene that codes for a particular trait is known as _______.
Which of the following occurs in ALL species of living organisms and may lead to an increase in genetic variation?A. Mutations in the genomeB. Crossing-over in meiosisC. Random assortment of chromosomesD. Alternative splicing of mRNA
Answer:
Mutations in the genome
Mutations in the genome occurs in all species of living organisms and may lead to an increase in genetic variation.
Which disease will happen due to mutation?The sickle cell anemia will be caused due to the change in the DNA nucleotide sequence has been observed, where adenine has been substituted by the thymine, whose expression has the change in the sequence of the amino acids in β-globin, with valine being incorporated instead of glutamic acid. This constitutes a mutation of the missense type.
Mutations has been characterized by the substitution of one nucleotide by another in the DNA sequence and a point mutation whose consequence has been reflected in the transcription and substitution of one amino acid by another in a protein, whose structure or function will be altered.
The change from glutamic acid to the valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease.
Therefore, Mutations in the genome occurs in all species of living organisms and may lead to an increase in genetic variation.
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A principal problem with inserting an unmodified mammalian gene into a plasmid and then getting that gene expressed in bacteria is that _____.
A) prokaryotes use a different genetic code from that of eukaryotes
B) bacteria translate only mRNAs that have multiple messages
C) bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
D) bacterial RNA polymerase cannot make RNA complementary to mammalian DNA
C) bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
Answer:
C) bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
Explanation:
Because of that, before inserting eukaryotic DNA in prokaryotic cell, it is required to process it.
Cloning of DNA is a process used in molecular biology to replicate DNA fragments of interest. Enzymes required for this process are restriction enzymes which cut both, DNA of interest and bacterial plasmid that is used as vector and DNA ligases which fragment into plasmid. Recombinant plasmid is inserted into bacteria via transformation.
George is experiencing back pain. his doctor tells him the bones attached to his spinal column have become less dense. the doctor is referring to __________. the aging process the settling process the process of physical decline the decline in bone formation
it could be the lumbar vertebrae, or the sacrum
The temperature of a body of water influences
It affects the aquatic life - the organisms that live in the water might not be able to survive changes in temperature
How to make a dog throw up without hydrogen peroxide
grass makes dogs throw up
What are the three main stages of the cell cycle
Interphase, Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Digestion begins when salivary gland secretion enters what?
Answer:
Mouth
Explanation:
Digestion is the breakdown of food into small pieces that the body can absorb and use. Similarly, the process of digestion begins in the mouth by chewing (mastication). Thus, secretion of the saliva by the salivary gland dissolves some the chewed food and facilitates its passage through the digestive tract.
As a scientist employed by the FDA, you've been asked to sit on a panel to evaluate a pharmaceutical company's application for approval of a new weight loss drug called Fat Away. The company has submitted a report summarizing the results of their animal and human testing. In the report, it was noted that Fat Away works by affecting the electron transport chain. It decreases the synthesis of ATP by making the mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+, which allows H+ to leak from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix. This effect leads to weight loss.The method of weight loss described for Fat Away shows that the drug is acting as a metabolic
Answer:
uncouplers
Explanation:
Metabolic uncouplers are chemicals/molecules that have ability to shuttle H+ across the membrane disrupting the proton motive force necessary for the generation of ATP. As a consequence the ATP synthesis is reduced and anabolism is slowed down. These processes also known as metabolic uncoupling lead to the reduction in biomass yield (weight loss).
Fat Away works as a metabolic uncoupler, similar to DNP. It alters the electron transport chain of the mitochondria, thereby reducing ATP synthesis and increasing metabolic rate, leading to weight loss.
Explanation:The weight loss drug Fat Away acts as a metabolic uncoupler in the body, affecting the electron transport chain and decreasing ATP synthesis by making the mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+. This causes H+ to leak from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix, disturbing the proton gradient needed for ATP synthesis and creating a state of uncoupled respiration. The energy that would otherwise be harnessed to generate ATP is instead dissipated as heat, causing an increased metabolic rate and thus, weight loss.
This mechanism resembles how substances such as DNP work. In effect, Fat Away acts similarly to DNP by dissipating the proton gradient in the matrix and increasing metabolic rate, rather than blocking the movement of protons through ATP synthase or reducing the proton gradient in the intermembrane space.
ATP production is a crucial part of cellular respiration and energy generation from food metabolism. The resistance to ATP synthesis forces the body to turn to alternate sources of energy. This often involves the breakdown of fatty acids – a process known as fatty acid oxidation or ß-oxidation – to generate the much-needed ATP. Thus, the overall effect of the drug is a heightened metabolic rate and weight loss due to increased fat oxidation.
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Which of the following statements is an accurate combination of postulates 1 and 2 of natural selection?
Heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population.
Drug resistance exists among all individuals in a population.
Heritable variation does not exist among individuals in a population.
Environmental variation exists for traits among individuals in a population.
Answer:
Heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population.
Explanation:
According to Darwin's theory of evolution, natural selection is the main evolutionary mechanism. Darwin explains that organisms that have heritable traits that help them survive and reproduce, will be favorable by natural selection. Those favorable traits will enable organism to better adapt to their environment and to pass more genes on to the next generation (offspring).
Organisms adapt to their environment by changing their behavior, structural traits or physiology as a response to environmental change, so that they become well suited to it.
The correct statement combining postulates 1 and 2 of natural selection is that heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population. This genetic variance allows for certain traits, like drug resistance, to be selected for and become more common over generations.
The accurate combination of postulates 1 and 2 of natural selection is that heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population. Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection is based on the premise that there is genetic variance within species, and these variations are what allow natural selection to act. Because of heritable genetic differences, when the environment changes or when members of a population are exposed to factors such as drugs, those with favorable traits that provide an advantage in those conditions are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits on to their offspring. This natural selection process eventually leads to these favorable traits becoming more common in the population over successive generations, while individuals without these traits are less likely to reproduce, decreasing those traits in the population. Drug resistance, for example, does not exist among all individuals but is a heritable trait found in some individuals that can be selected for in environments with antibiotics present.
A mother rabbit gives birth to several offspring, which are all very similar in appearance. Each of the offspring is taken to a different location. A year later, the offspring are compared. They are all different sizes, with slight differences in the color of their fur and drastic differences in their personalities. Which statement best explains why the offspring, who inherited similar genes from their parents, are so different?
The difference in characteristics among the offspring, despite inheriting similar genes from their parents, is best explained by the fact that offspring vary in regard to their characteristics.
Explanation:The statement that best explains why the offspring, who inherited similar genes from their parents, are so different is that offspring vary among each other in regard to their characteristics.
This variation can be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While offspring inherit genes from both parents, they may receive different combinations of those genes, leading to variations in physical traits such as size and fur color. Additionally, environmental factors, such as diet, exercise, and social interactions, can also influence an individual's personality, resulting in drastic differences among the offspring.
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A scientist looks at two different cells under a microscope. Cell A has many more ribosomes than cell B. What can the scientist conclude about the cells? A. Cell A makes more proteins than cell B. B. Cell B makes more proteins than cell A. C. Cell A and cell B make the same proteins.
A scientist looks at two different cells under a microscope. Cell A has many more ribosomes than cell B. What can the scientist conclude about the cells?
A. Cell A makes more proteins than cell B. B. Cell B makes more proteins than cell A. C. Cell A and cell B make the same proteins.
this is because ribosomes are responsible for the synthesis, or production, of proteins.
Final answer:
Cell A produces more proteins than Cell B due to the greater number of ribosomes present. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in cells, and their abundance is indicative of the cell's protein production capacity. This structural feature of cells, along with DNA and cell membranes, provides evidence for common ancestry among different life forms.
Explanation:
If a scientist observes that Cell A has many more ribosomes than Cell B, it can be concluded that Cell A makes more proteins than Cell B. This is because ribosomes are structures in the cytoplasm where proteins are made. The more ribosomes a cell has, the greater its capacity for protein synthesis. Cell B, having fewer ribosomes, would be expected to make fewer proteins compared to Cell A.
DNA in cells contains the genetic instructions required for making proteins. The presence of ribosomes across different types of cells, such as bacteria and human cells, suggests a common ancestry since these structures are essential for protein production, which is a fundamental process in all living cells.
Additional Features Indicating Common Ancestry
Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have DNA as their genetic material.The basic mechanisms of DNA replication and protein synthesis are conserved across different forms of life.Cell membranes composed of phospholipid bilayers are another common feature shared by all cells.Which phylum of fungi consists of decomposers that utilize flagellated spores? A. Chytridomycota B. Ascomycota C. Zygomycota D. Basidiomycota
Answer:
A. Chytridomycota
Explanation:
They are the most primitive true fungi and they produce zoospores that have a flagellum. Chytridomycota are usually aquatic but some species thrive on land. Most of them are unicellular and have commonalities with protist/s in terms of their habitat and structure of the cell.
What advantage do organisms that reproduce sexually have over organisms that reproduce asexually?