Does peterson's solution to the mutual-exclusion problem shown in fig. 2-24 work when process scheduling is preemptive

Answers

Answer 1
Yes. Not only does Peterson's Solution work with preemptive scheduling, but it was designed for that very case. In fact, when scheduling is non-preemptive, there is a possibility it might fail. For example, in a case where 'turn' is initially 0, but process 1 runs first, it will loop perpetually, and never release the CPU.
Answer 2

Final answer:

Peterson's solution to the mutual-exclusion problem works effectively in preemptive scheduling environments, as it relies on shared variables for coordination, which remain consistent across process context switches, ensuring mutual exclusion and preventing concurrency issues.

Explanation:

The question involves understanding whether Peterson's solution to the mutual-exclusion problem functions correctly in environments where process scheduling can be preemptive. Peterson's solution is a classic algorithm in computer science designed to ensure that multiple processes or threads can enter their critical sections in a way that ensures that at any given moment, only one process is within its critical section. This is crucial for preventing data corruption and ensuring that shared resources are not concurrently accessed in an unsafe manner.

When it comes to preemptive scheduling, where a process can be interrupted at any time to switch the CPU to another process, it is essential that the mutual exclusion algorithm can handle such interruptions without leading to race conditions or deadlocks. Peterson's solution, which relies on two shared variables and a simple but effective protocol involving those variables, is designed to work correctly irrespective of whether the process scheduling is preemptive or non-preemptive. This is because the critical steps in the algorithm ensure that, before entering its critical section, each process communicates its intent and waits for the other to signal it is safe to proceed. This mechanism is resilient to the process being preempted since the state of communication (through shared variables) that coordinates the mutual exclusion is preserved across context switches.

Therefore, Peterson's solution is effective in preemptive scheduling environments. Its careful coordination through shared variables ensures that mutual exclusion is maintained, thus protecting against the concurrency issues that preemptive scheduling could potentially introduce.


Related Questions

The enzyme known as ‘catalase’ is involved in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide molecules into separate water and oxygen molecules. During this reaction, what happens to the ‘catalase’?

Answers

because it is catalyst which speeds up or slows down the speed of the chemical reaction without being changed or used up 

The enzyme known as ‘catalase’ is involved in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide molecules into separate water and oxygen molecules helps speed up or speed slow down the reaction as it is an enzyme.

What is enzymes ?

These are the biological catalysts that help to slow down or breakdown the rate of reaction that is the reaction in which the reactants are getting broken down into products.

Catalase enzyme that will help to breakdown the hydrogen peroxide into its products as mentioned in the equation which help to catalyse the reaction but remain unaltered on itself that is enzymes do follow the lock and key mechanism.

The substrate and enzyme fit into each other like the lock and key but after the condition change of reactants into products, the substituents remain unchanged and  without getting used gets released out from the reaction.

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These cells are part of the domains Archaea and Bacteria.

prokaryotes
eukaryotes

Answers

Considered as prokaryotes

Answer:

Prokaryotes.

Explanation:

Prokaryotes are the unicellular organism that lacks the membrane bound organelle. A well defined nucleus is absent in the prokaryotic organism. Three domain of life are archaea, bacteria and prokarya.

Prokaryotes include the domains archaea and bacteria. Both these domains contain flagella like structure for their locomotion. The organisms are unable to be seen with naked eye and all organism are microscopic organism.

Thus, the correct answer is prokaryotes.

What role do cfcs play in the catalytic destruction of ozone?

Answers

cfcs have been taken out of a lot of things to stop the depletion of the ozone layer, however, when the are released, they drift up into the stratosphere and are broken down by ultraviolet radiation and then release chlorine which is what destroys the ozone layer. 

Hope this helps :)

Which term best describes the condition of red blood cells when placed in a hypotonic solution?

Answers

The red blood cells would burst due to the high water pressure coming into the cells from the outside solution.

Amy made the table shown to describe two different relationships between animals.
Organism InteractionsRelationship A Relationship B
Both organisms benefit One organism benefits, the other is unaffected

Which of the following statements is most likely correct?

Relationship A is parasitism and Relationship B is competition.
Relationship A is competition and Relationship B is parasitism.
Relationship A is commensalism and Relationship B is mutualism.
Relationship A is mutualism and Relationship B is commensalism.

Answers

Relationship A is competition and Relationship 

Answer:

Option (4).

Explanation:

Biological interactions are important among the organism that helps them to survive in their environment. Biological interactions may be harmful or useful for the organisms.

Mutualism may be defined as a type of interaction in which both the species are benefited from each other. Amy should include relationship A in mutualism. Commensalism may be defined as the type of interaction in which one species is benefited and other organism is neither benefited nor harmed the individual. The relationship B is involved in commensalism.

Thus, the correct answer is option (4).

Which rna molecule brings new amino acids to the growing protein chain in translation?

Answers

tRNA brings new amino acids to the growing protein chain allowing for the formation of peptide bonds 

During what stage of complete cellular respiration is most of the atp produced

Answers

During the last and final stage where there is a possibility of 30-36 ATP production rate

“any process used to ask and answer testable questions about observations of the natural world” defines which terms

Answers

perhaps it is scientific inquiry? 

Hope this helped! Have a great day!

Answer:

Scientific research is based on the scientific method. The objective of a scientific investigation is to obtain information based on observations to solve questions and understand the natural phenomena that surround us. In a scientific investigation it is important to be clear about the research question, the initial hypothesis, the methodology and how the results will be analyzed.

The combining form that refers to the male gland that encircles the upper end of the urethra is:

Answers

The prostate gland is the structure that encircles the upper end of the urethra. Its main functions is to produce and secrete a fluid (prostate fluid) that helps sperm. The prostate fluid helps the sperm by protecting and nourishing. It is also a muscle that aid in propelling the seminal fluid.
Final answer:

The combining form referring to the male gland that encircles the upper end of the urethra is 'prostat/o' which relates to the prostate gland. It is used in medical terminologies like 'prostatitis' and 'prostatectomy'.

Explanation:

The combining form that refers to the male gland that encircles the upper end of the urethra is 'prostat/o'. This form is derived from the word prostate, which is the name of the gland in question. The word 'prostate' itself comes from a Greek word meaning 'one standing in front', referring to its location in the body. The prostate gland plays a crucial role in sexual functions and in the process of ejaculation.

For instance, in medical terminology, you may see this combining form used in words like 'prostatitis', which is inflammation of the prostate gland, or 'prostatectomy', which is the surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland.

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(Forensics) The first insects to arrive at a death scene are the ______.
blowfly maggots
blowfly larvae
blowfly pupae blowfly
adults looking for a place to lay their eggs

Answers

the answer to your question is "maggots"

Answer:

d

Explanation:

obviously.

The term _________________ is used to identify a scientist who studies fossils.

Answers

paleontologists study fossils

The gradual replacement of regionally distinct ecological communities with cosmopolitan communities that reflect the increasing global activity of humans is referred to as __________.

Answers

Biotic homogenization is the gradual replacement of regionally distinct ecological communities with cosmopolitan communities that reflect increasing global activity of humans

using this hypothesis "if you eat candy, then you will get cavaties" what is the independent variable

Answers

The independent variable would be the candy

While observing slides under a microscope, jack adjusts the microscopes mirror so that a circle of light can be seen. Which microscope is jack using?

Answers

Jack is likely using a compound light microscope, which uses visible light through lenses to magnify specimens. He's adjusting the mirror for proper lighting and may need to refocus the microscope after switching to a higher magnification lens.

If Jack is adjusting the microscope's mirror to see a circle of light, he is likely using an optical microscope, specifically a compound light microscope. This type of microscope uses visible light and lenses to magnify objects and is the most commonly used microscope in many scientific fields. The purpose of the mirror is to direct light up through the bottom of the stage where the slide is placed so that the object being viewed is illuminated. This light then passes through the objective lenses, which magnify the specimen. Jack might also be adjusting the light intensity to ensure adequate lighting for a sharp and clear observation.

When Jack switches from a 10X to a 40X objective lens, as described in Laboratory Exercises in Microbiology, he must re-focus using the fine adjustment knob and potentially adjust the light again to ensure the specimen is still in sharp focus under this increased magnification. With a compound light microscope, after focusing with the low power lens, one usually rotates the nosepiece to switch to a higher power lens and refocus using only the fine adjustment knob to bring out the details of the specimen.

A 12 year-old patient had an adenoidectomy in 2013 and a second adenoidectomy this year. what cpt® code(s) is/are reported for the second adenoidectomy performed this year

Answers

Does the question have choices?











Final answer:

The primary CPT code for an adenoidectomy is 42820. For a second adenoidectomy performed on the same patient in the same year, it could be coded as a repeat procedure using the modifier -76 or -77 after the main code.

Explanation:

The CPT® (Current Procedural Terminology) code for an adenoidectomy is generally 42820 for a single adenoidectomy or 42821 for adenoidectomy with tonsillectomy. But, if this is a second adenoidectomy performed on the same patient in the current year, then it could be coded as a repeat procedure using the modifier -76 or -77 following the primary code, depending on whether the same physician or a different one performed the procedure. For instance: 42820-76 or 42820-77.

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Gene families are groups of _______ genes that arose by _______ and _______. homologous; gene duplication; sequence evolution homologous; speciation; sequence evolution homologous; gene duplication; genetic drift heterologous; gene duplication; sequence evolution heterologous; speciation; genetic drift

Answers

"Gene families are groups of homologous genes that arose by gene duplication and sequence evolution."

Gene families are groups of various similar genes that are originated mostly by duplication, but also by evolution and relocation. These genes are distributed into families taking into account shared nucleotide or protein sequences. 

Which is not a problem associated with the increased use of nuclear energy?


A. the possibility of a serious nuclear accident

B. too many nuclear explosions in reactors

C. the cost of building safe nuclear facilities

D. major hazards involved in nuclear waste disposal


Please explain your answer! :)

Answers

too many nuclear explosions in reactors. B is the answer
Answer;

B. too many nuclear explosions in reactors

Explanation;Nuclear power involves the use of nuclear reactions which produce nuclear energy which in turn generate heat, that is used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.Nuclear power is not associated with production of green house gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, etc, like fossil fuels. However it  is associated with a number of problems which include; Cost of building safe nuclear facilities, major hazards involved in nuclear waste disposal and the concern over the possibility of a serious nuclear accident

which macromolecules were present in the unknown solution?in the milk?

Answers

Macromolecules contain large number of atoms. Milk contains both carbohydrates and proteins, because it gave a positive result upon the addition of Benedict’s solution which indicated an orange color. It means that there is a concentration of reducing sugars in milk.

What type of connective tissue is found only in the umbilical cord?

Answers

Mucous Connective Tissue.

How does a catalyst influence a chemical reaction?

Answers

it increases the rate of a chemical reaction.

Answer:

It decreases the amount of energy necessary for the reaction to proceed.

Trout are found in rapidly flowing streams that have high levels of oxygen, stony bottoms, and an abundance of aquatic insects.
These streams represent a trout's______

Niche
Biome
Habitat
Community

Answers

the answer is habitat in is where they are most common

Trout are found in rapidly flowing streams that have high levels of oxygen, stony bottoms, and an abundance of aquatic insects.
These streams represent a trout's______


Habitat

Why are scientists interested in stem cell research?

Answers

Scientists are interested in stem cell research, because they could help cure some diseases and develop new things. It could help those with heart disease get fresh news hearts, paralyzed people could be able to walk again with new spinal chords, and those with Parkinson's disease could be healed. The drawback is that the embryo of a baby would have to be killed in order to do some of this. This is why stem cell research has sparked controversy, but despite that, scientists are still interest in the research of it.

Answer:

stem cells can eventually be used to replenish cells in the human body that have been lost to the disease.

Explanation:

Stem cells are undifferentiated and have the ability to limitlessly renew themselves.

which process provides the energy used to make ATP from ADP?

Answers


the breakdown of food molecules

Answer:

Option A, the break down of food molecule

Explanation:

During hydrolysis of ATP, 1 molecule of phosphate is released  and ADP is formed

The hydrolysis of  ATP to produce ADP is a reversible reaction and thus ADP uses the extra energy with in the cell to convert back to ADP. This extra energy comes from the food break down.  

The reactions involved are as follows  

Hydrolysis of ATP  

ATP  ----> ADP + P + energy

Formation of ATP from ADP

ADP + P + energy -------->  ATP

If two pea plants are heterozygous dominant for yellow seed color, with green seed color being recessive, what will the pea offspring possibly look like?

Answers

The genotypes are 1 YY : 2 Yy : 1 yy. 

The phenotypes are 3 yellow : 1 green.

Internal respiration requires a higher oxygen concentration in the _____ than in the _____.

Answers

Internal respiration requires a higher oxygen concentration in the BLOOD than in the CELLS.

A practical orthography in which one glyph corresponds (roughly) to a single consonant-vowel sequence.

Answers

The answer to the question being asked about a practical orthography in which one glyph coresponds (roughly) to a single consonant-vowel sequence is called Digraph or Digram. Digraph or digram is often represented by a single consonant when used in the phoneme.

The proportions of carbohydrate, fat, and protein recommended for the diets of physically active individuals are not within the ranges recommended to the general public. question 38 options:
a. True
b. False

Answers

The answer would be B. FALSE

Hydrogen bonding results in two processes which we see as ____ and ____

Answers

How are they formed? a hydrogen bond is formed when a charged part of a molecule having polar covalent bonds forms an electrostatic (charge, as in positive attracted to negative) interaction with a substance of opposite charge. Molecules that have nonpolar covalent bonds donot form hydrogen bonds.

Answer:

Disassociation, polarization and attraction

Explanation:

In an hydrogen bond, the hydrogen act as partially positive atom while the other element to which it is bonded act as partially negative atom. This second element other than the hydrogen can be oxygen, fluorine, chlorine etc.

First the hydrogen bonds disassociates and polarizes thereby forming two poles one positive and the other one negative.

The positive poles now try to attract the negative pole of other molecule of the same substance or any other substance. The same happens with the negative pole also.

Both euglena and Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic unicellular organisms found in pond water. The feature that distinguishes euglena from Cyanobacteria is the-

A. Ability to maintain homeostasis

B.presence of ribosomes

C.presence of nuclear membrane

Answers

The correct answer is option C, that is, the presence of the nuclear membrane.  

Cyanobacteria is a phylum of bacteria that attain their energy via the process of photosynthesis, and are the only photosynthetic prokaryotes possessing the tendency to generate oxygen. As a prokaryote, they are devoid of the nuclear membrane.  

Euglena refers to a single cell flagellate eukaryote. It comes under the class Euglenoidea. The species of Euglena are witnessed in salt water and in freshwater. Being a eukaryote, they possess nuclear membrane.  


The difference between them is the presence of nuclear membrane in euglena.

A unicellular organism is an organism that possess only one cell. Usually, here are organelles in the cell that enables the organism carry out its functions

Euglena is;

PhotosyntheticUnicellularHas a cell membrane

So, euglena and Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic, they are able to manufacture their own food. However, the difference between them is the presence of nuclear membrane in euglena.

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Why does pharmaceutical advertisement leads to drugs addition?

Answers

Because people start to think that they can take them and be ok
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